A Skopos Theory-based Study of Translation Principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoctions

English translations of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)terms and prescriptions need standardizing to minimize ambiguity as the popularity of TCM spreads globally.Herein an evaluation guide for translation of TCM decoctions in English into diverse social,cultural and medical systems,is proffered which integrates Skopos theory and Li Zhaoguo’s principles of English translation(conciseness of lexical composition,information accuracy,and similarity in lexical composition).Based on a case study of the traditional herbal medicine Mahuang Xingren Gancao Shigao Tang,direct translation methods with concise lexical composition are determined to most clearly convey the sophisticated and verbose original TCM prescription.

Analysis on formula principles for“head wind”disease based on apriori and clustering algorithm

Objective:To explore the formula principles for“head wind”disease by data-mining and provide reference for the treatment of“head wind”disease.Methods:Prescriptions for headache from“Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions”were collected,sorted and entered into the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance System”(V2.5)to analyze the composition principles by the methods of revised mutual information,complex system entropy cluster and unsupervised hierarchical cluster.Results:The herbs with high usage frequency in these prescriptions for“head wind”disease included Chuan-xiong,Bai-zhi,Xi-xin,Fang-feng,Gan-cao,Shi-Gao and Qiang-Huo.Three new prescriptions were obtained based on the composition principles and rules.The first new prescription is composed of Quan-xie,Xiong-huang,Jiang-can,Zhi-chuan-wu and Di-long.The second new prescription is composed of Du-huo,Rou-gui,Ku-shen;Fang-feng,Gao-ben,Qiang-huo.The third new prescription is composed of Fu-zi,Sheng-chuan-wu,Tian-nan-xing,Chuan-xiong,Bai-zhi,Shi-gao.Conclusion:We found that the most of herbs used to treat the“head wind”disease are warm and spicy,mainly belong to diaphoretic herbs,wind-expelling herbs,and dampness-dispelling herbs.In addition,the new prescriptions for infertility mainly focus on eliminating evil,with the characteristics of“eliminating phlegm and turbid”,“dredging the channels and collaterals”,“expelling wind-evil”and“promoting blood circulation”.

Research and Development of Skincare Products Based on the Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine

The application of traditional Chinese medicine in skincare formula development was expounded from the views of“symptom,theory,method,prescription,medicine and effect”.Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions were improved according to the laws and regulations for China’s cosmetic industry and by the modern scientific and technological means,which had important guiding significance for the research and development of plant-based functional skincare products.The problems in concept claim and quality control standard,and the problems of market confusion,which were ascribed to the lack of basic research in the application of Chinese herbal cosmetics,were pointed out.The future development direction of plant-based functional cosmetics guided by TCM theory was prospected.

Exploring the compatibility theory of traditional Chinese medicine formulae:the disassembled prescriptions study

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has become very popular in the treatment of complex diseases worldwide in recent decades.Despite the promising performance of TCM,how herbs work synergistically in a formula and their therapeutic targets remain ambiguous.This largely limits the correct use and modernization of TCM formulas clinically.The study of disassembled prescriptions is important for investigating the compatibility theory of Chinese medicines.By dissecting the mechanisms of TCM formulae,the compatibility principles of some well-known formulae,such as Realgar-Indigo naturalis,have been elucidated to a certain extent.In this review,several common methods of disassembled prescription studies are summarized,including those of single herb or mineral,sub-prescription,active ingredients or effective parts,large formulae,and systems pharmacology studies,as well as the methods of grouping based on the properties or efficacy of Chinese medicines,in order to provide evidence for formulae study.Moreover,some challenges to be addressed in disassembled prescriptions studies have been identified in this review.

Basic philosophy of three essences theory in traditional Mongolian medicine

Traditional Mongolian medicine(TMM)integrates Tibetan and Chinese medicine with indigenous Mongolian practices,focusing on the balance of three core essences:Khii,Shar,and Badgan,derived from the Five Elements-earth,water,fire,wind,and space.These essences regulate both physical and psychological processes,and their imbalance,often caused by diet,behavior,or environment,leads to disease.TMM utilizes holistic diagnostic methods such as pulse diagnosis,visual inspection,and lifestyle evaluation to identify imbalances of three essences.Treatments include herbal remedies,dietary adjustments,behavior modification,and accessory therapies like moxibustion and massage to restore balance.This mini review examines the philosophical underpinnings,diagnostic techniques,and therapeutic strategies to Khii,Shar,and Badgan,highlighting their importance in both traditional and modern integrative healthcare.

Views on “Principle of limitation of physical quantities and cyclic universe”

This paper presents an analysis of a paper entitled "Principle of limitation of physical quantities and cyclic universe" and proposes different results for some formulae from that report.In addition,this paper shows that the principle of limits coupling may lead to an approximation of current theories(i.e.,quantum theory and relativistic theory),which have interesting correlations with the Plank formula and the special theory of relativity.

培本清利通络方治疗慢性肾脏病3~5期伴CKD-MBD脾肾两虚兼湿瘀证的临床研究

目的:观察基于吴门医派“络病理论”创立的培本清利通络方联合骨化三醇胶丸治疗慢性肾脏病(CKD)3~5期伴CKD-矿物质及骨代谢紊乱(CKD-MBD)脾肾两虚兼湿瘀证患者的效果。方法:选择2022年7月—2023年6月于南京中医药大学附属苏州市中医医院就诊的脾肾两虚兼湿瘀证CKD 3~5期合并有CKD-MBD的患者60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。对照组予控制血压、控制血糖、改善贫血等基础治疗,同时口服骨化三醇胶丸;治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加服培本清利通络方,两组疗程均为12周。比较两组患者治疗前后肾功能[血肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)]、矿物质及骨代谢[钙(Ca)、磷(P)、全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)]、中医症候积分、生活质量评分,并评估临床疗效;治疗前后检测两组血常规、肝功能、血钾,以评估用药安全性。结果:两组治疗后中医症候积分均较治疗前降低,且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组总有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组的73.33%(P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组BUN、UA均明显低于治疗前,且Scr、BUN均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组P、iPTH均明显低于治疗前,Ca明显高于治疗前,且治疗组Ca高于对照组,iPTH低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组生活质量评分较治疗前明显下降,且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后安全性指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:培本清利通络方可改善CKD 3~5期合并CKD-MBD脾肾两虚兼湿瘀证患者Ca、P、iPTH指标,延缓肾功能减退,减轻患者腰脊酸痛、皮肤瘙痒、倦怠乏力等症状,并可提高患者生活质量。

Basic theories and development of Miao medicine

Miao is an important ethnic minority in China.Miao medicine(MM)is a pivotal of traditional Chinese medicine.It is an accumulation of the Miao people's experience fighting against diseases for thousands of years and has been an important part of the Miao culture.The origin of MM is closely related to Miao culture,customs,and habits.MM gradually formed a traditional medical theoretical system with obvious regional characteristics,distinctive cultural characteristics,and unique efficacy.In this paper,we intro-duce and review the unique theoretical system of MM,including the basic theory of MM,the theory of medicine,nature,taste,and channel tropism,and the theory of entering the shelf.In addition,we summarize the development of MM to provide an overview of the theoretical characteristics and industrialisation of MM that is accessible to everyone.

本草经典理论体系之药理论

药物之所以对疾病有效,必有其用药之理,药理的理念自古已有之。历代医药学家一直坚持不懈探求用药之理,并形成了独特的药性理论,同时也进行着独特的实验药理研究。中药药理体系从药性理论入说,针对有生命的整体,从宏观上阐释临床疗效与所用方药之药理的关系。通过病理模型(包括病态的人或动物)观察药物的疗效和不良反应,评价其临床意义,并释以中医用药之理。医药学家坚持不懈、孜孜以求地进行科学探索,加深了对各种药物药理作用的认识,为构建具有中医药特色的中药药理体系奠定重要基础。

基于“通化宣平”理论运用经典名方辨治胃食管反流病

胃食管反流病(GERD)是临床常见的消化系统疾病,缠绵难愈,病因病机繁杂。基于“通化宣平”理论,运用经典名方燮理阴阳、平调寒热、通畅气机、补虚泻实,切中GERD治疗要旨,疗效显著。

基于玄府理论解构升阳散火汤中风药之作用机理

基于玄府理论,阐述升阳散火汤的主治病机与风药的配伍特点,并将玄府理论中“通”的思想与风药的特性相结合,全面探讨方中风药宣玄升阳、通玄助运、开玄消郁、解玄散火、调玄蓄气5个方面的作用机理,以期为深入理解李东垣思想并指导临床提供理论参考。

Traditional Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma: From bench to bedside

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has played a positive role in the management of hepatocarcinoma. Hepatocarcinoma patients may present Qi-stagnation, damp-heat, blood stasis, Qi-deficiency, Yin-deficiency and other TCM syndromes(Zheng). Modern treatments such as surgery, transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) and high intensity focus ultrasound treatment would influence the manifestation of TCM syndromes. Herbs with traditional efficacy of tonifying Qi, blood and Yin, soothing liver-Qi stagnation, clearing heat and detoxifying and dissolving stasis, have been demonstrated to be potent to prevent hepatocarcinogenesis. TCM has been widely used in all aspects of integrative therapy in hepatocarcinoma, including surgical resection, liver transplantation, TACE, local ablative therapies and even as monotherapy for middle-advanced stage hepatocarcinoma. Clinical practices have confirmed that TCM is effective to alleviate clinical symptoms, improve quality of life and immune function, prevent recurrence and metastasis, delay tumor progression, and prolong survival time in hepatocarcinoma patients. The effective mechanism of TCM against hepatocarcinoma is related to inducing apoptosis, autophagy, anoikis and cell senescence, arresting cell cycle, regulating immune function, inhibiting metastasis and angiogenesis, reversing drug resistance and enhancing effects of chemotherapy. Along with the progress of research in this field, TCM will contribute more to the prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma.

论现代背景下“以病为纲,辨证论治”中医诊疗模式的构建

探讨现代背景下“以病为纲,辨证论治”中医诊疗模式的构建。相比于单纯的辨证论治,兼具病的稳定性与证的灵活性的“以病为纲,辨证论治”是更为符合中医发展需求的诊疗模式。但在中医学进入现代后,诸如中医疾病概念混乱、内涵不清等问题使其发展几经坎坷,更具中医特色的辨证论治逐渐走向历史前台。通过对“以病为纲,辨证论治”内涵的探讨及源流的梳理,分析其相较单纯辨证论治的优势所在,根据其在现代背景下面临的困境提出其现代构建的必要性,最后从厘清相关概念、明确病证内涵、借助现代科学等方面对其现代构建方式提出设想。

岭南医家刘渊《医学纂要》中风辨治探析

清代岭南医家刘渊所撰的《医学纂要》是一本既言其验、又探其要的综合性医著。《医学纂要》对于中风的辨治既传承了张仲景与张景岳的理论与观点,又在遣方用药中体现了创新。刘渊在辨治中风时,从痰论治,调补脾肾;在仲景六经辨证的基础上,结合自身临证经验,创立了针对中风的六经证治;秉承标本分治的原则,治疗中风区分急缓,辨别急危重症。治疗中风用药时,继承张景岳“补虚不离桂附”之思路,或佐以肉桂与附子以追散失的元阳、生无根之气,或佐以桂枝与附子以通畅血脉,使寒邪自除;遣方用药多采用人参、黄芪、当归、川芎、白芍以补气养血,调补人体气血阴阳。

基于“气血水”学说探析《腹证奇览(全)》腹证

气、血、水是人体生命活动的基础物质,正常循环时可荣养全身,病理状态下停滞而成“毒”。腹证乃疾病发展中的重要征象,《腹证奇览(全)》为日本伤寒派腹诊集大成之巨著。为增强腹证与经方间的衔接性,以“气血水”学说辨析书中各类腹证得出:胸胁部、腹部腹证以气毒、水毒所致者为主;少腹部腹证成因以血毒、水毒更为多见。

基于“五邪相干”理论探讨《辅行诀脏腑用药法要》小补汤、小泻汤组方规律

应用“五邪相干”理论阐释《辅行诀脏腑用药法要》五行互藏理论,并结合《辅行诀脏腑用药法要》所列五行五味互含的25味药物,对《辅行诀脏腑用药法要》小补汤、小泻汤类方的配伍组方选药进行分析,认为在“五邪相干”理论指导下的《辅行诀脏腑用药法要》配伍组方选药可为临床提供新的思路。

虚劳病中“大实有羸状”证候的辨治策略探讨

虚劳病有虚实之分,不可因虚劳之名而通作虚论。久虚不复,必有实邪,填塞经络,阻碍脏腑,气血津液不得化生,升降出入亦失其常,故宜先攻伐而后补益,去宛陈莝,从太阴与厥阴入手,祛除滞气、水饮、痰浊、瘀血等留邪,邪去则正复,可以柴胡桂枝汤合旋覆花汤作为基础方进行治疗。并附验案1则。

传统中医药文化融入“马克思主义基本原理”课程的思考

传统中医药文化是中华文化的瑰宝,其所蕴含的人文资源、哲学思维方法、价值理念,与马克思主义基本原理存在着人文相通性、价值契合性。将传统中医药文化融入“马克思主义基本原理”课教学,推动教学改革,有助于践行“大思政”理念,增强大学生的基本人文素养,增进大学生文化自信。思政课教师应积极挖掘和整理中医药文化中蕴含的相关教学资源,创优教学思路,创新教学方式,拓展教学实践。在此过程中,应注意处理好宣讲马克思主义与宣传中医药文化之间的主次关系、做好配套课程改革、提升思政课教师的中医药文化素养,以实现中医药文化与马克思主义的有机融合。

Exploring the clinical significance of Yinqiao powder based on the compatibility of Chinese herbal formulas

Yinqiao powder comes from the book"Wenbing Tiaobian"(Detailed Analysis of Epidemic Warm Diseases)written by Wu Jutong in the Qing Dynasty(1636-1912),in which it is mentioned that"pungent-cool diaphoretic agent Yinqiao power is used to treat patients with fever,not aversion to cold but thirsty"Yinqiao powder is often used to treat Wind-warm syndrome,warm-heat syndrome and miscellaneous diseases caused by some pathogenic factors in Wei-fen syndrome(Wei-fen syndrome is the syndrome name of the disease and is often used to indicate the initial stage of exogenous febrile disease,which is the syndrome of the body's guard surface.)and upper energizer.With the further research and application of Yinqiao powder,it is more and more widely used in clinic.This article summarizes the clinical application of Yinqiao powder through the analysis of the prescription meaning,compatible prescriptions,decoction methods and other aspects of Yinqiao powder in order to provide more evidence for clinical treatment of febrile disease.At the same time,through the prescription thinking of Yinqiao powder,we can learn Wu Jutong's treatment principle and academic thought of"Shangjiao(Shangjiao is one of the three and is the upper part of the Sanjiao.Generally refers to the chest above the diaphragm,including the heart,lungs and throat.)is like a feather,not lightly".Wu Jutong's flexible use of Chinese medicine and the thought of syndrome differentiation and treatment are also worthy of our study and reference.

《五十二病方》的临床思维探讨

马王堆出土的医书《五十二病方》是我国现存最古老的中医临床医学著作。书中涉及内、外、妇、儿、五官等全科医学疾病谱。临床思维方面,其疾病观的逻辑链:不德(包括鬼神情志、有害气候环境因素、外伤邪侵、动物昆虫咬伤、饥饱伤食、不成人者等)—病症(52类疾病、108个病种)—养德(顺应自然及心性修养、巫方祝由、香辣食物)、归德(辛香药物外治内服、物理疗法、灸疗法、禁忌等防病治病)—数术(天文、历谱、五行、蓍龟、杂占、形法)—方技(医经、经方、房中、神仙);临床诊断方面,先辨别病类与病种,之后归纳主要症状与证候群;临床治疗方面,治求标本、治分缓急、辨治异同、三因制宜、随症治之等治则,治疗方法全面多样,结合方症相对论和互渗律组方用药,开创了中医早期治则学形成和应用发展的先河,其“辨病﹢辨证﹢方药”或者“辨病﹢方药”的临床思维方法,奠定了中医临床医学的基石。