Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) are ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factors and members of the nuclear receptor superfamily.Of the three PPARs identified to date(PPARγ,PPARβ/δ,and PPARα),...Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) are ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factors and members of the nuclear receptor superfamily.Of the three PPARs identified to date(PPARγ,PPARβ/δ,and PPARα),PPARγ has been studied the most,in part because of the availability of PPARγagonists(also known as PPARγ ligands)and its significant effects on the management of several human diseases including type 2 diabetes,metabolic syndrome,cardiovascular disease and cancers.PPARγ is expressed in many tumors including lung cancer,and its function has been linked to the process of lung cancer development, progression and metastasis.Studies performed in gynogenic and xenograft models of lung cancer showed decreased tumor growth and metastasis in animals treated with PPARγ ligands.Furthermore,data are emerging from retrospective clinical studies that suggest a protective role for PPARγ ligands on the incidence of lung cancer.This review summarizes the research being conducted in this area and focuses on the mechanisms and potential therapeutic effects of PPARγ ligands as a novel anti-lung cancer treatment strategy.展开更多
Liver metastases(LMs)are common in lung cancer.Despite substantial advances in diagnosis and treatment,the survival rate of patients with LM remains low as the immune-suppressive microenvironment of the liver allows t...Liver metastases(LMs)are common in lung cancer.Despite substantial advances in diagnosis and treatment,the survival rate of patients with LM remains low as the immune-suppressive microenvironment of the liver allows tumor cells to evade the immune system.The impact of LMs on the outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with solid tumors has been the main focus of recent translational and clinical research.Growing evidence indicates that the hepatic microenvironment delivers paracrine and autocrine signals from non-parenchymal and parenchymal cells.Overall,these microenvironments create pre-and post-metastatic conditions for the progression of LMs.Herein,we reviewed the epidemiology,physiology,pathology and immunology,of LMs associated with non-small cell lung cancer and the role and potential targets of the liver microenvironment in LM in each phase of metastasis.Additionally,we reviewed the current treatment strategies and challenges that should be overcome in preclinical and clinical investigations.These approaches target liver elements as the basis for future clinical trials,including combinatorial interventions reported to resolve hepatic immune suppression,such as immunotherapy plus chemotherapy,immunotherapy plus radiotherapy,immunotherapy plus anti-angiogenesis therapy,and surgical resection.展开更多
Endometriosis(EM) is a major cause of infertility and has a complex pathogenesis,which brings severe challenges in both clinical treatment and scientific research.Current clinical research focuses on the difficult pro...Endometriosis(EM) is a major cause of infertility and has a complex pathogenesis,which brings severe challenges in both clinical treatment and scientific research.Current clinical research focuses on the difficult problem of improving the pregnancy rate of EM patients.Our studies found that Chinese medicine has significant advantages in terms of improving the pregnancy rate of EM patients.展开更多
Objective: To observe therapeutic effect of acupuncture for regulating the liver on depressive neurosis. Methods: In a multi-center randomized controlled trial, 440 patients were divided into 3 groups: Acupuncture gro...Objective: To observe therapeutic effect of acupuncture for regulating the liver on depressive neurosis. Methods: In a multi-center randomized controlled trial, 440 patients were divided into 3 groups: Acupuncture group for regulating the liver (Acup., 176 cases) was treated by acupuncture at Siguan Points, i.e. bilateral Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3), Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (EX-HN3) plus ear-acupuncture, Prozac group (P., 176 cases) by oral administration of Prozac, and Non-acupoint needling group (NAN, 88 cases) by acupuncture at non-acupoints as acupuncture placebo. Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) was examined before treatment, and one month, two and three months after treatment respectively to evaluate therapeutic effect, and Rating Scale for Side Effects (SERS) was used to evaluate the safety. Results: After one month of treatment, SDS scores in Acup. Group were significantly lower than that in P. Group (P<0.05) and than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), and SDS scores in P. Group were lower than that in NAN Group (P<0.05), showing the SDS scores in Acup. Group <P. Group <NAN Group. After 2 months of treatment, SDS scores in Acup. Group were also significantly lower than that in P. Group (P<0.01) and than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), and SDS scores in P. Group were also lower than that in NAN Group (P<0.05), showing the SDS scores in Acup. Group <P. Group <NAN Group. After 3 months of treatment, SDS scores in Acup. Group were also significantly lower than that in P. Group (P<0.01) and than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), and SDS scores in P. Group were also lower than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), showing the SDS score in Acup. Group <P. Group <NAN Group. After treatment, SERS scores were 0.16±0.95, 6.51±5.09 and 0.23±1.36 in Acup. Group, P. Group and NAN Group respectively. A significant difference existed between Acup. Group and P. Group (P<0.05), but no significant difference between Acup. Group and NAN Group (P>0.05), showing the SERS scores in Acup. Group <NAN Group <P. Group. No side effect was found in Acup. and NAN groups. Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of acupuncture on depressive neurosis is better than or similar to that of Prozac but with less side effect.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Institutes of Health CA123104(HanSW) and CA116812(Roman J)
文摘Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs) are ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factors and members of the nuclear receptor superfamily.Of the three PPARs identified to date(PPARγ,PPARβ/δ,and PPARα),PPARγ has been studied the most,in part because of the availability of PPARγagonists(also known as PPARγ ligands)and its significant effects on the management of several human diseases including type 2 diabetes,metabolic syndrome,cardiovascular disease and cancers.PPARγ is expressed in many tumors including lung cancer,and its function has been linked to the process of lung cancer development, progression and metastasis.Studies performed in gynogenic and xenograft models of lung cancer showed decreased tumor growth and metastasis in animals treated with PPARγ ligands.Furthermore,data are emerging from retrospective clinical studies that suggest a protective role for PPARγ ligands on the incidence of lung cancer.This review summarizes the research being conducted in this area and focuses on the mechanisms and potential therapeutic effects of PPARγ ligands as a novel anti-lung cancer treatment strategy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82202989 and 82003089)the Regional Innovation Cooperation Project of the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021YFQ0029)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M722279)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023YFS0163)the Postdoctoral Research Project of West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,China(No.2021HXBH045)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022SCU12063)the Sichuan University Postdoctoral Interdisciplinary Innovation Fund(awarded to Lingling Zhu).
文摘Liver metastases(LMs)are common in lung cancer.Despite substantial advances in diagnosis and treatment,the survival rate of patients with LM remains low as the immune-suppressive microenvironment of the liver allows tumor cells to evade the immune system.The impact of LMs on the outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with solid tumors has been the main focus of recent translational and clinical research.Growing evidence indicates that the hepatic microenvironment delivers paracrine and autocrine signals from non-parenchymal and parenchymal cells.Overall,these microenvironments create pre-and post-metastatic conditions for the progression of LMs.Herein,we reviewed the epidemiology,physiology,pathology and immunology,of LMs associated with non-small cell lung cancer and the role and potential targets of the liver microenvironment in LM in each phase of metastasis.Additionally,we reviewed the current treatment strategies and challenges that should be overcome in preclinical and clinical investigations.These approaches target liver elements as the basis for future clinical trials,including combinatorial interventions reported to resolve hepatic immune suppression,such as immunotherapy plus chemotherapy,immunotherapy plus radiotherapy,immunotherapy plus anti-angiogenesis therapy,and surgical resection.
文摘Endometriosis(EM) is a major cause of infertility and has a complex pathogenesis,which brings severe challenges in both clinical treatment and scientific research.Current clinical research focuses on the difficult problem of improving the pregnancy rate of EM patients.Our studies found that Chinese medicine has significant advantages in terms of improving the pregnancy rate of EM patients.
文摘Objective: To observe therapeutic effect of acupuncture for regulating the liver on depressive neurosis. Methods: In a multi-center randomized controlled trial, 440 patients were divided into 3 groups: Acupuncture group for regulating the liver (Acup., 176 cases) was treated by acupuncture at Siguan Points, i.e. bilateral Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3), Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (EX-HN3) plus ear-acupuncture, Prozac group (P., 176 cases) by oral administration of Prozac, and Non-acupoint needling group (NAN, 88 cases) by acupuncture at non-acupoints as acupuncture placebo. Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) was examined before treatment, and one month, two and three months after treatment respectively to evaluate therapeutic effect, and Rating Scale for Side Effects (SERS) was used to evaluate the safety. Results: After one month of treatment, SDS scores in Acup. Group were significantly lower than that in P. Group (P<0.05) and than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), and SDS scores in P. Group were lower than that in NAN Group (P<0.05), showing the SDS scores in Acup. Group <P. Group <NAN Group. After 2 months of treatment, SDS scores in Acup. Group were also significantly lower than that in P. Group (P<0.01) and than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), and SDS scores in P. Group were also lower than that in NAN Group (P<0.05), showing the SDS scores in Acup. Group <P. Group <NAN Group. After 3 months of treatment, SDS scores in Acup. Group were also significantly lower than that in P. Group (P<0.01) and than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), and SDS scores in P. Group were also lower than that in NAN Group (P<0.01), showing the SDS score in Acup. Group <P. Group <NAN Group. After treatment, SERS scores were 0.16±0.95, 6.51±5.09 and 0.23±1.36 in Acup. Group, P. Group and NAN Group respectively. A significant difference existed between Acup. Group and P. Group (P<0.05), but no significant difference between Acup. Group and NAN Group (P>0.05), showing the SERS scores in Acup. Group <NAN Group <P. Group. No side effect was found in Acup. and NAN groups. Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of acupuncture on depressive neurosis is better than or similar to that of Prozac but with less side effect.
