Thermal Hall effect, where a transverse temperature difference is generated by implementing a longitudinal temperature gradient and an external magnetic field in the perpendicular direction to systems, is a useful too...Thermal Hall effect, where a transverse temperature difference is generated by implementing a longitudinal temperature gradient and an external magnetic field in the perpendicular direction to systems, is a useful tool to reveal transport properties of quantum materials. A systematic study of the thermal Hall effect in a Chern insulator is still lacking. Here,using the Landauer–Büttiker formula, we investigated the thermal Hall transport of the Harper–Hofstadter model with flux φ= 1/2 and its generalizations. We demonstrated that the Wiedemann–Franz law, which states that the thermal Hall conductivity is linearly proportional to the quantum Hall conductivity in the low temperature limit, is still valid in this Chern insulator, and that the thermal Hall conductivity can be used to characterize the topological properties of quantum materials.展开更多
The transport properties in the mixed state of high-quality Ca_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(0.98)Co_(0.02)As_2single crystal,a newly discovered 112-type iron pnictide superconductor,are comprehensively studied by magneto-resistiv...The transport properties in the mixed state of high-quality Ca_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(0.98)Co_(0.02)As_2single crystal,a newly discovered 112-type iron pnictide superconductor,are comprehensively studied by magneto-resistivity measurement.The field-dependent activation energy,U_0,is derived in the framework of thermally activated flux flow(TAFF)theory,yielding a power law dependence U_0～H~αwith a crossover at a magnetic field around 2 T in both H⊥ab and H//ab,which is ascribed to the different pinning mechanisms.Moreover,we have clearly observed the vortex phase transition from vortex-glass to vortex-liquid according to the vortex-glass model,and vortex phase diagrams are constructed for both H⊥ab and H//ab.Finally,the results of mixed-state Hall effect show that no sign reversal of transverse resistivityρ_(xy)(H)is detected,indicating that the Hall component arising from the vortex flow is in theories or experiments previously reported on some high-T_ccuprates.展开更多
The interplay between lattice geometry,band topology and electronic correlations in the newly discovered kagome compounds AV3Sb5(A=K,Rb,Cs) makes this family a novel playground to investigate emergent quantum phenomen...The interplay between lattice geometry,band topology and electronic correlations in the newly discovered kagome compounds AV3Sb5(A=K,Rb,Cs) makes this family a novel playground to investigate emergent quantum phenomena,such as unconventional superconductivity,chiral charge density wave and electronic nematicity.These exotic quantum phases naturally leave nontrivial fingerprints in transport properties of AV3Sb5,both in electrical and thermal channels,which are prominent probes to uncover the underlying mechanisms.In this brief review,we highlight the unusual electrical and thermal transport properties observed in the unconventional charge ordered state of A V3Sb5,including giant anomalous Hall,anomalous Nernst,ambipolar Nernst and anomalous thermal Hall effects.Connections of these anomalous transport properties to time-reversal symmetry breaking,topological and multiband fermiology,as well as electronic nematicity,are also discussed.Finally,a perspective together with challenges of this rapid growing field are given.展开更多
Despite the apparent ubiquity and variety of quantum spin liquids in theory,experimental confirmation of spin liquids remains to be a huge challenge.Motivated by the recent surge of evidences for spin liquids in a ser...Despite the apparent ubiquity and variety of quantum spin liquids in theory,experimental confirmation of spin liquids remains to be a huge challenge.Motivated by the recent surge of evidences for spin liquids in a series of candidate materials,we highlight the experimental schemes,involving the thermal Hall transport and spectrum measurements,that can result in smoking-gun signatures of spin liquids beyond the usual ones.For clarity,we investigate the square lattice spin liquids and theoretically predict the possible phenomena that may emerge in the corresponding spin liquids candidates.The mechanisms for these signatures can be traced back to either the intrinsic characters of spin liquids or the external field-driven behaviors.Our conclusion does not depend on the geometry of lattices and can broadly apply to other relevant spin liquids.展开更多
采用磁控溅射方法在玻璃基片上制备了以Ru,Cu,Pt和Ta为底层的Co Fe B/Pt多层膜样品,研究了各底层对Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的反常霍尔效应的影响。发现Ru和Cu作为Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的底层在保持样品的垂直磁各向异性方面的作用远不如Pt和Ta底层...采用磁控溅射方法在玻璃基片上制备了以Ru,Cu,Pt和Ta为底层的Co Fe B/Pt多层膜样品,研究了各底层对Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的反常霍尔效应的影响。发现Ru和Cu作为Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的底层在保持样品的垂直磁各向异性方面的作用远不如Pt和Ta底层,而且样品的霍尔电阻比Pt和Ta做底层要小。Ta作为Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的底层与Pt作为底层相比能够更好地和多层膜晶格匹配,并且在400℃退火后反常霍尔效应得到增强。霍尔电阻提高近80%,矫顽力达到了5.7×10~3 A·m^(–1),有望作为垂直自由层应用到磁隧道结构中。展开更多
A measure for the efficiency of a thermoelectric material is the figure of merit defined by ZT = S2T/ρκ, where S, ρ and κ are the electronic transport coefficients, Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity and ...A measure for the efficiency of a thermoelectric material is the figure of merit defined by ZT = S2T/ρκ, where S, ρ and κ are the electronic transport coefficients, Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity and thermal conductiviy, respectively. T is the absolute temperature. Large values for ZT have been realized in nanostructured materials such as superlattices, quantum dots, nanocomposites, and nanowires. In order to achieve further progress, (1) a fundamental understanding of the carrier transport in nanocomposites is necessary, and (2) effective experimental methods for designing, producing and measuring new material compositions with nanocomposite-structures are to be applied. During the last decades, a series of formulas has been derived for calculation of the electronic transport coefficients in composites and disordered alloys. Along the way, some puzzling phenomenons have been solved as why there are simple metals with positive thermopower? and what is the reason for the phenomenon of the “Giant Hall effect”? and what is the reason for the fact that amorphous composites can exist at all? In the present review article, (1), formulas will be presented for calculation of σ = (1/ρ), κ, S, and R in composites. R, the Hall coefficient, provides additional informations about the type of the dominant electronic carriers and their densities. It will be shown that these formulas can also be applied successfully for calculation of S, ρ, κ and R in nanocomposites if certain conditions are taken into account. Regarding point (2) we shall show that the combinatorial development of materials can provide unfeasible results if applied noncritically.展开更多
The investigation of the structure and thermoelectric properties of nanostructured solid solutions (Bi, Sb)2Te3 p-type has been carried out. The samples were obtained by grinding of original compositions in a planetar...The investigation of the structure and thermoelectric properties of nanostructured solid solutions (Bi, Sb)2Te3 p-type has been carried out. The samples were obtained by grinding of original compositions in a planetary ball mill and by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Initial powder has an average particle size of 10 - 12 nm according to transmission electron microscopy, and the size of the coherent scattering region (CSR) obtained by X-ray line broadening. During sintering at Ts = 250°C - 400°C, the grain size and CSR increased, which was associated with the processes of recrystallization. The maximum of size distribution of CSR shifts to larger sizes when Ts increases so that no broadening of X-ray lines at Ts = 400°C can take place. At higher Ts, the emergence of new nanograins is observed. The formation of nanograins is conditioned by reducing of quantity of the intrinsic point defects produced in the grinding of the source materials. The study of the electrical conductivity and the Hall effect in a single crystal allows to estimate the mean free path of the holes-L in the single crystal Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 which at room temperature is 2 - 5 nm (it is much smaller than the dimensions of CSR in the samples). The method for evaluation of L in polycrystalline samples is proposed. At room temperature, L is close to the mean free path in single crystals. Scattering parameter holes in SPS samples obtained from the temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient are within the measurement error equal to the parameter of the scattering of holes in a single crystal. The figure of merit ZT of SPS samples as a function of composition and sintering temperature has been investigated. Maximum ZT, equal to 1.05 at room temperature, is obtained for the composition Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 at Ts = 500°C and a pressure of 50 MPa. The causes of an apparent increase in thermoelectric efficiency are discussed.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U2032164 and 12174394)the Start-up Fund from Anhui University in China。
文摘Thermal Hall effect, where a transverse temperature difference is generated by implementing a longitudinal temperature gradient and an external magnetic field in the perpendicular direction to systems, is a useful tool to reveal transport properties of quantum materials. A systematic study of the thermal Hall effect in a Chern insulator is still lacking. Here,using the Landauer–Büttiker formula, we investigated the thermal Hall transport of the Harper–Hofstadter model with flux φ= 1/2 and its generalizations. We demonstrated that the Wiedemann–Franz law, which states that the thermal Hall conductivity is linearly proportional to the quantum Hall conductivity in the low temperature limit, is still valid in this Chern insulator, and that the thermal Hall conductivity can be used to characterize the topological properties of quantum materials.
基金Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674054, and 11611140101)XiangZhou Xing was also sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southeast University (Grant No. YBJJ1621)
文摘The transport properties in the mixed state of high-quality Ca_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(0.98)Co_(0.02)As_2single crystal,a newly discovered 112-type iron pnictide superconductor,are comprehensively studied by magneto-resistivity measurement.The field-dependent activation energy,U_0,is derived in the framework of thermally activated flux flow(TAFF)theory,yielding a power law dependence U_0～H~αwith a crossover at a magnetic field around 2 T in both H⊥ab and H//ab,which is ascribed to the different pinning mechanisms.Moreover,we have clearly observed the vortex phase transition from vortex-glass to vortex-liquid according to the vortex-glass model,and vortex phase diagrams are constructed for both H⊥ab and H//ab.Finally,the results of mixed-state Hall effect show that no sign reversal of transverse resistivityρ_(xy)(H)is detected,indicating that the Hall component arising from the vortex flow is in theories or experiments previously reported on some high-T_ccuprates.
基金support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11904040)Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology,China (Grant No. cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0263)Chinesisch-Deutsche Mobilit?tsprogamm of Chinesisch-Deutsche Zentrum für Wissenschaftsf?rderung (Grant No. M-0496)。
文摘The interplay between lattice geometry,band topology and electronic correlations in the newly discovered kagome compounds AV3Sb5(A=K,Rb,Cs) makes this family a novel playground to investigate emergent quantum phenomena,such as unconventional superconductivity,chiral charge density wave and electronic nematicity.These exotic quantum phases naturally leave nontrivial fingerprints in transport properties of AV3Sb5,both in electrical and thermal channels,which are prominent probes to uncover the underlying mechanisms.In this brief review,we highlight the unusual electrical and thermal transport properties observed in the unconventional charge ordered state of A V3Sb5,including giant anomalous Hall,anomalous Nernst,ambipolar Nernst and anomalous thermal Hall effects.Connections of these anomalous transport properties to time-reversal symmetry breaking,topological and multiband fermiology,as well as electronic nematicity,are also discussed.Finally,a perspective together with challenges of this rapid growing field are given.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2016YFA0301001,2018YFGH000095,and 2016YFA0300500)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project,China(Grant No.2019SHZDZX04)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong with General Research Fund,China(Grant No.17303819).
文摘Despite the apparent ubiquity and variety of quantum spin liquids in theory,experimental confirmation of spin liquids remains to be a huge challenge.Motivated by the recent surge of evidences for spin liquids in a series of candidate materials,we highlight the experimental schemes,involving the thermal Hall transport and spectrum measurements,that can result in smoking-gun signatures of spin liquids beyond the usual ones.For clarity,we investigate the square lattice spin liquids and theoretically predict the possible phenomena that may emerge in the corresponding spin liquids candidates.The mechanisms for these signatures can be traced back to either the intrinsic characters of spin liquids or the external field-driven behaviors.Our conclusion does not depend on the geometry of lattices and can broadly apply to other relevant spin liquids.
基金supported by National Key Projects for Research and Development of China with Grant No. 2021YFA1400400the National Natural Science Foundation of China with Grants No. 12225407 and 12074174+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation with Grants No. 2022M711569 and 2022T150315Jiangsu Province Excellent Postdoctoral Program with Grant No. 20220ZB5Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘采用磁控溅射方法在玻璃基片上制备了以Ru,Cu,Pt和Ta为底层的Co Fe B/Pt多层膜样品,研究了各底层对Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的反常霍尔效应的影响。发现Ru和Cu作为Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的底层在保持样品的垂直磁各向异性方面的作用远不如Pt和Ta底层,而且样品的霍尔电阻比Pt和Ta做底层要小。Ta作为Co Fe B/Pt多层膜的底层与Pt作为底层相比能够更好地和多层膜晶格匹配,并且在400℃退火后反常霍尔效应得到增强。霍尔电阻提高近80%,矫顽力达到了5.7×10~3 A·m^(–1),有望作为垂直自由层应用到磁隧道结构中。
文摘A measure for the efficiency of a thermoelectric material is the figure of merit defined by ZT = S2T/ρκ, where S, ρ and κ are the electronic transport coefficients, Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity and thermal conductiviy, respectively. T is the absolute temperature. Large values for ZT have been realized in nanostructured materials such as superlattices, quantum dots, nanocomposites, and nanowires. In order to achieve further progress, (1) a fundamental understanding of the carrier transport in nanocomposites is necessary, and (2) effective experimental methods for designing, producing and measuring new material compositions with nanocomposite-structures are to be applied. During the last decades, a series of formulas has been derived for calculation of the electronic transport coefficients in composites and disordered alloys. Along the way, some puzzling phenomenons have been solved as why there are simple metals with positive thermopower? and what is the reason for the phenomenon of the “Giant Hall effect”? and what is the reason for the fact that amorphous composites can exist at all? In the present review article, (1), formulas will be presented for calculation of σ = (1/ρ), κ, S, and R in composites. R, the Hall coefficient, provides additional informations about the type of the dominant electronic carriers and their densities. It will be shown that these formulas can also be applied successfully for calculation of S, ρ, κ and R in nanocomposites if certain conditions are taken into account. Regarding point (2) we shall show that the combinatorial development of materials can provide unfeasible results if applied noncritically.
文摘The investigation of the structure and thermoelectric properties of nanostructured solid solutions (Bi, Sb)2Te3 p-type has been carried out. The samples were obtained by grinding of original compositions in a planetary ball mill and by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Initial powder has an average particle size of 10 - 12 nm according to transmission electron microscopy, and the size of the coherent scattering region (CSR) obtained by X-ray line broadening. During sintering at Ts = 250°C - 400°C, the grain size and CSR increased, which was associated with the processes of recrystallization. The maximum of size distribution of CSR shifts to larger sizes when Ts increases so that no broadening of X-ray lines at Ts = 400°C can take place. At higher Ts, the emergence of new nanograins is observed. The formation of nanograins is conditioned by reducing of quantity of the intrinsic point defects produced in the grinding of the source materials. The study of the electrical conductivity and the Hall effect in a single crystal allows to estimate the mean free path of the holes-L in the single crystal Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 which at room temperature is 2 - 5 nm (it is much smaller than the dimensions of CSR in the samples). The method for evaluation of L in polycrystalline samples is proposed. At room temperature, L is close to the mean free path in single crystals. Scattering parameter holes in SPS samples obtained from the temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient are within the measurement error equal to the parameter of the scattering of holes in a single crystal. The figure of merit ZT of SPS samples as a function of composition and sintering temperature has been investigated. Maximum ZT, equal to 1.05 at room temperature, is obtained for the composition Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 at Ts = 500°C and a pressure of 50 MPa. The causes of an apparent increase in thermoelectric efficiency are discussed.
