Silurian-Devonian and Jurassic Thermal Events in the Ordos Basin, China: Indications from K-Ar Dating on Illites

In the Ordos basin, two distinct thermal events of different ages have been identified for the first time by means of K-Ar dating combined with illite crystallinity analysis. For the Late Triassic and Late Permian samples, the K-Ar ages of the < 0.2μm fractions (159-173 Ma) reflect an illitization age related to the Yanshanian movement and indicate a short thermal event in the Middle Jurassic; the K-Ar ages of the <2 μm fractions (210-308 Ma) are interpreted as mixed ages of detrital material and authigenic illites. The K-Ar ages of both < 0.2μm and < 2μm fractions of a Middle Cambrian sample (368 Ma and 419 Ma) correspond to the ages of the metamorphism and earliest granite intrusion in the northern Caledonian Qinling fold zone (380-420 Ma) and show a thermal event during Silurian-Devonian time.

Extensive Resetting of Feldspar Pb Isotopic Composition in Archean–Paleoproterozoic Granitic Rocks from the Kongling Terrane,South China:Implications for Tracing Thermal Evolutionary History

Feldspar Pb isotopes have been widely used to trace magmatic formation and evolution processes.However,it remains unclear whether post-magmatic thermal events can affect feldspar Pb isotopic ratios.Here,the in situ Pb isotopic composition of feldspar hosted in granitic rocks(thirteen Archean and one Paleoproterozoic)from the northern Kongling terrane,Yangtze Craton,South China,is analyzed.The samples reveal a substantial variation in their Pb isotopic composition,spanning the gap between the 1.9 Ga and present-day geochrons,which indicates extensive resetting by later tectonothermal events.This resetting was interpreted to have likely resulted from Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic tectonothermal events related to the assembly and breakup of the Columbia and Rodinia supercontinents.These results suggest that Pb isotopes should be used cautiously when tracing magma sources and petrogenesis in magmatic rocks that have experienced post-magmatic reworking.However,the in situ Pb isotopic composition of feldspar in ancient granitoids may also potentially be used to reveal later tectonothermal events.The extensive resetting of the Pb isotopic composition in feldspar by regional thermal events may also provide new insights into our understanding of the Pb isotope paradox.

A Thermal Event in the Ordos Basin:Insights from Illite ^40Ar-^39Ar Dating with Regression Analysis

Four samples from a Permian reservoir in the Ordos Basin of North China were separated into twelve fractions in grain sizes of 〈0.5, 0.5-1 and 1-2 μm. Using the ^40Ar-^39Ar step-heating method, all of the fractions essentially yielded plateau ages ranging from 172.5 to 217.1 Ma. These scattered plateau ages might not have been obtained from pure diagenetic illites but from mixed clay minerals, although the samples were disaggregated using a gentle freeze-thaw cycle to free them of non-clay minerals. A regional thermal event, as suggested by several proxies, led to intensive iHitization as a distinct diagenetic process when the Yanshanian Movement triggered magmatism around the entire North China Block during the Jurassic to Cretaceous. Thermal illites formed during a short time period, whereas detrital illites came from various sources. The scattered plateau ages could have resulted from mixed degassing of thermal and detrital illites. Within one sample, the plateau ages decrease with the diminution of grain sizes, but it is difficult to extrapolate to the detrital-illite-free ages. Because the plateau age is a mixture of ages for thermal and detrital illites, this regression analysis studies the dependence of the plateau ages on the synthetic values of contents and ages of detrital illites instead of on the grain sizes. Comparing the samples to one another, the plateau ages show the same trend among the different grain sizes. Weighted by the contents and ages of detrital illites, linear regression analysis revealed the relationship between the plateau ages and the relative weight proportions. Based on iterated calculations, a thermal event age and a set of weight proportions were derived. The regressed thermal event age is 163.3±1.6 Ma, which coincides with regional thermal activities and links to gas accumulation.

In situ zircon Hf isotopic, U-Pb age and trace element study of monzonite xenoliths from Pingquan and Fuxin basalts: Tracking the thermal events of 169 Ma and 107 Ma in Yanliao area

K-Ar ages of the Mesozoic (92-100 Ma) Fuxin alkalic basalts (western Liaoning Province) and the Tertiary (23-45 Ma) Pingquan alkalic basalts (eastern Hebei Province), and the results of in situ zircon U-Pb dating, Hf isotope and the trace elements from three monzonite xenoliths carried in the alkalic basalts are reported. The crust-mantle interaction occurring in the Yanshan intracontinental orogenic belt is also discussed. Fuxin zircons show highly uniform U-Pb age ((1693) Ma). More than 95% Pingquan zircons display the age of (107?0) Ma except two are 2491 Ma and 513 Ma respectively. Zircons with the ages of (169?) Ma have eHf close to zero. eHf of the zircons with the ages of (10710) Ma are mainly at -11.5--16.3, showing the crustal derivation. Fuxin zircons contain low Nb, Ta, Sr, Th, U contents, low and narrow Hf model ages (0.87-1.00 Ga), which reflect that the source materials of the monzonite xenoliths are young to Pingquan (focus at (1.280.08) Ga). High contents of the incompatible elements, and wide range of Hf model ages (0.89-2.56 Ga) in Pingquan zircons suggest a more complex source and the highly crustal maturity in their petrogenesis. Comprehensive information including the published data indicates that J3-K1 is the key period of the deep processes and shallow tectonic reverse in the Yanliao area. However, the processes were highly heterogeneous in spatial and in temporal.

Geological thermal events in Tarim Basin

TARIM Basin is the biggest sedimentary basin in China, and it is also an important area of

华北克拉通东北缘改造:来自吉林辉南地区构造热事件的古地磁记录

华北克拉通东北缘处于构造运动活跃地区,古地磁研究可为构造演化和岩浆热事件提供依据。笔者在吉林辉南地区中寒武统32个采点共采集246块样品进行了岩石学、岩石磁学及系统热退磁实验。古地磁实验表明,徐庄组砂质泥岩主要磁性矿物是赤铁矿和磁铁矿,张夏组灰岩主要磁性矿物是颗粒较小的磁铁矿和黄铁矿,且均发生了重磁化,并记录了稳定的中温分量,前者中温分量地理坐标平均方向为D/I=10.9°/50.8°,α_(95)=11.7°,对应的极位置为76°N,264.6°E,A_(95)=13°,与早白垩世岩浆活动记录的古地磁极位置一致;后者中温分量地理坐标平均方向为D/I=29.1°/59.0°,α_(95)=6.5°,对应的极位置为68°N,213.7°E,A_(95)=8.4°,与第四纪火山岩记录的古地磁极位置一致。综合区域地质背景分析,早白垩世—第四纪,吉林辉南及邻区古地磁记录的2次较为强烈的构造热事件,以及因敦化-密山断裂带左旋走滑运动造成的北向运移形成的古纬度差,一定程度上对华北克拉通东北缘起到双重改造作用。

Thermal Evolution of the Tanlu Fault Zone on the Eastern Margin of the Dabie Mountains and Its Tectonic Implications

Five samples of muscovite from mylonites of the earlier Tanlu ductile shear zone on the eastern margin of the Dabie Mountains yield 40Ar/39Ar ages ranging from 178 Ma to 196 Ma. Three of them have reliable plateau ages of 188.7±0.7 Ma, 189.7±0.6 Ma and 192.5±0.7 Ma respectively, which indicates a syn-orogenic, sinistral strike-slip thermal event. This displacement movement derived from the continent-continent collision of the North and South China blocks took place in the Early Jurassic and after uplifting of high-pressure to ultrahigh-pressure slabs to the mid-crust. It is suggested that during the collision the Tanlu fault zone was an intracontinental transform fault caused by differential subduction speeds. The 40Ar/39Ar ages of mylonite whole-rock and muscovite from the later Tanlu ductile shear zone suggest another sinistral strike-slip cooling event at 128 Ma. During this strike-slip faulting, large-scale intrusion and doming uplift occurred in the eastern part of the Dabie orogenic belt. Data of K-feldspar 40Ar/39Ar MDD and apatite fission-track analysis from metamorphic rocks indicate two high-speed cooling events experienced by the Tanlu fault zone, which took place at 90 Ma and 45-58 Ma respectively. They correspond respectively to two phases of extensional activities in the Late Cretaceous and Eogene as well as development of the Qianshan fault-controlled basin to the east of the Tanlu fault zone. The cooling times recorded by K-feldspar and apatite show that the uplifting in the Dabie orogenic belt occured earlier than that on the eastern margin occupied by the Tanlu fault zone. The above phenomena suggest that the uplifting of the Dabie orogenic belt during the Late Cretaceous to Eogene was not controlled by the Tanlu normal faulting, but as a result of the lithospheric delamination.

鄂尔多斯盆地古峰庄地区疑似侵入岩体的发现及其地质意义

鄂尔多斯盆地内部岩浆岩体的发现对于构造-热事件重建、古地温场恢复及油气地质作用解析有重要意义。基于高精度三维地震资料的处理与解释,首次在盆地内部古峰庄地区发现疑似浅层侵入岩体,刻画了其空间展布并探讨了油气地质意义。研究显示,古峰庄地区存在6个疑似侵入岩体,在平面上多呈环状或云朵状,剖面上愈临近岩体核部,地层杂乱反射和丘状构造特征愈明显。据岩体分布形式和地震反射特征,可将其分为“岩浆深分散浅集中上涌型”疑似侵入岩体和“岩浆浅集中上涌型”疑似侵入岩体。前者由深及浅均有杂乱反射现象,与围岩反射特征明显有别,产状近直立,伴生断裂发育。后者仅在1 000 ms等时切片以上的浅部层系呈杂乱丘状反射,其下地层呈正常的层状反射、几乎不见地层扰动现象。分析认为先存断裂的存在及其数量、规模、垂向叠置程度、核部与端部断距以及地层压力,是造成岩浆差异式上涌的主因。结合盆内其他岩浆岩体发育特征和形成时代,认为古峰庄疑似侵入岩体形成于早白垩世晚期,与古生界-中生界油气规模成烃期和成藏期一致,此阶段的热液活动对该区油气生成、保存和成藏具有重大意义。

利用有限元热应力计算方法对热事件月震成因的探讨

在前人工作的基础上,考虑月表向内吸收的太阳光照热量和向外释放的月球热辐射热量,以及与温度、深度相关的月壤热力学参数的非线性,开发了适合研究月壤温度、变形和热应力时空演化的热弹性耦合有限元并行程序,利用4组有限元模型研究不同的月壤特征厚度对月表温度、变形和热应力时空演化的影响。计算结果表明,月表月壤温度呈现1个月球日(29.5个地球日)的周期性变化,赤道月表的温度在100~385 K之间变化,变化幅度随深度增加指数衰减,影响深度约达50 cm。温度的周期性变化引起月表垂直位移也呈现上升和下降的周期性变化,以及月表水平正应力的挤压和拉张的周期性变化。总体而言,水平应力白昼是挤压,夜晚是拉张,其中拉应力增长速率最快的时刻是18:00,拉应力最大的时刻是06:00。月壤特征厚度对温度、水平正应力的时空分布的影响较大。热应力的量级有可能达到月表岩土抗张强度,张应力增长最快和幅值最大时段与观测到的月球浅表热事件发生的早晚频度较高相吻合。

基于事件驱动深度强化学习的建筑热舒适控制

住宅暖通空调系统通常耗用大量能源,同时也极大地影响居住者的热舒适性。目前,强化学习广泛应用于优化暖通空调系统,然而这一方法需要投入大量时间和数据资源。为了解决该问题,提出了一个新的基于事件驱动的马尔可夫决策过程(event-driven Markov decision process,ED-MDP)框架,并在此基础上,提出了基于事件驱动的深度确定性策略梯度(event-driven deep deterministic policy gradient,ED-DDPG)方法,通过事件触发优化控制,结合强化学习算法求解最优控制策略。实验结果显示,与基准方法相比,ED-DDPG在提升学习速度和减少决策频率方面表现出色,并在节能和维持热舒适方面取得了显著成果。经过实验验证,该方法在优化住宅暖通空调控制方面展现出强大的鲁棒性和适应性。

考虑新能源爬坡的风光火耦合系统源荷匹配性分析及容量优化配置

风力发电、光伏发电与火力发电经同一点并网形成耦合系统,是我国北方地区发电侧灵活性调节电源与新能源间高效、低碳协同的一种形式.考虑区域新能源爬坡特性,结合源荷匹配分析,发掘和利用其规律,研究风光火耦合系统的容量优化配置方法,为耦合系统规划提供参考.首先,简述耦合系统运行模式和不确定性处理方法;其次,考虑耦合系统风光互补、爬坡事件和关键负荷特性,选取并提出相关指标用于源荷匹配评价;再次,考虑源荷特性、匹配、成本和收益等约束,建立耦合系统容量优化配置模型;最后,基于辽宁地区实际数据进行算例仿真,得到该地区耦合系统风、光的最优安装容量,并分析上述源荷相关因素与容量优化配置结果之间的相互影响,为新能源最优容量配置提供了参考与建议.

MINERALIZATION AGES OF GOLD-HYDROTHERMAL DEPOSITS IN NORTHERN ZONE OF EASTERN KUNLUN MOUNTAINS BASED ON FISSION TRACK ANALYSIS

The age of mineralization in a mining area is a primary factor in various researches related to ore\|forming process. It is that the uncertainty of mineralization ages of gold ore deposits in northern zone of eastern Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, restrains to probe the relationship of the deposits to the regional tectonic evolution. This paper documents the fission track method used to determine the ages of gold ore deposits in eastern Kunlun Mountains and considers the implication for the origin of the deposits.Eastern Kunlun Mountains is the northern part of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau and is of three deep\|seated fault belts in about EW extension. This work mainly includes three gold ore districts. All of them, in the north of Mid\|Kunlun fault belt, belong to northern part of eastern Kunlun Mountains. The Yanjingou district, with geographical coordinate 96°00’E and 36°10’N, is located 60 km north of Hongqigou district . Both of them are large, typical tectonoalteration gold deposits and were formed in similar geological setting. Hongshuihe ore district is located 50 km east of Yanjingou district and includes tectonoalteration and magmatic cryptoexplosive gold deposits. Outcroped strata are dominantly Jinshuikou Group metamorphic rocks of Lower Proterozoic erathem. The occurrence area of igneous rocks, especially granitoid, accounts for about 90% in first two districts and become less in Hongshuihe district. The gold deposits occur in NW\|striking fault belts. The Rb\|Sr isochron age and K\|Ar isotopic age of Moyite relevant to the gold mineralization are respectively 228 25Ma and 207 1Ma. Rb\|Sr dating of diorite porphyrite is 209 09Ma. Sericite selected from Yanjingou orebody has 252 9Ma K\|Ar age. The ore in Hongqigou district has 197Ma K\|Ar age and 210Ma model age of Pb isotope of galena.

青藏高原东南部楚雄盆地构造-热演化史及其与油气关系

青藏高原东南部是构造最为活跃、变形最强烈的地区之一.楚雄盆地作为青藏高原东南部重要的中生代含油气叠合盆地,其演化历史复杂,后期改造强烈,热演化史研究薄弱.恢复楚雄盆地构造-热演化史对系统评价盆地油气资源和深入认识青藏高原东南部的构造变形过程有重要意义.本文研究在楚雄盆地全盆地系统采集了裂变径迹样品,分析确定了盆地的抬升过程,结合大量镜质体反射率(RO)、包裹体测温等古温标,系统恢复了楚雄盆地构造-热演化史.裂变径迹研究结果表明楚雄断裂以西靠近哀牢山—红河断裂带地区的冷却年龄在41.9~72.7 Ma之间,主要为始新世41.9~55.5 Ma;楚雄断裂以东冷却年龄在20.0~38.4 Ma之间,主要为渐新世-早中新世.楚雄盆地抬升过程总体具有西早东晚的特征,主体部位20~38.4 Ma以来有一次快速抬升冷却过程.楚雄盆地三叠系热演化程度高,RO异常高值与火成岩活动密切相关.热演化史研究表明三叠系最大古地温在上新世之前达到,最高古地温梯度可达30℃·km^(-1).三叠系烃源岩在侏罗纪开始生烃,白垩纪为主要生烃期,古新世-始新世主要为过成熟生干气阶段.渐新世以来盆地整体抬升,地层温度降低,生烃作用减弱.楚雄盆地构造-热演化史除了受火成岩影响外,还与印度和欧亚板块的碰撞及哀牢山—红河断裂带的活动密切相关.

淮北杨柳矿区煤系构造热演化对页岩气生成与保存的影响

在“双碳”目标背景下,大力发展以页岩气为代表的低碳清洁能源是实现“碳减排”的重要途径。华北南部淮北地区蕴藏着丰富的煤系页岩气资源,但受复杂构造热演化影响,区域内页岩气生成与保存机理尚不清晰。因此,本文采用镜质组反射率、岩石热解、裂变径迹和盆地模拟技术研究了华北南部淮北地区晚古生代以来的构造热演化与生烃过程,讨论了复杂构造热作用下煤系页岩气的生成和保存机理。结果表明,淮北地区煤系页岩气生成过程受到燕山期构造热事件的显著控制,晚侏罗世基性岩浆侵入煤系使得下石盒子组和山西组页岩经历最高古温度达~172℃,对应热流峰值124 mW/m^(2)。煤系页岩Ro值在0.87%~1.74%,最高热解温度(Tmax)在437~563℃,表明有机质进入轻质油—湿气生成阶段。研究区二叠系山西组砂岩磷灰石裂变径迹年龄(60~42 Ma)明显小于所在地层年龄(298~272 Ma),部分锆石裂变径迹年龄略低于地层年龄,证实了研究区发生了强烈的岩浆热活动,导致地温梯度达到峰值~65℃/km。燕山期岩浆热效应促使区域煤系页岩高效生烃成藏,太平洋板块俯冲后撤引起的伸展断裂使得强构造变形区页岩气藏破坏逸散。因此,在淮北地区,弱构造变形区并伴有适度岩浆活动的区域具备页岩气保存的良好条件,具有良好的油气勘探前景。

大气中子及α粒子对芯片软错误的贡献趋势

在先进工艺集成电路中,高能中子、热中子和α粒子造成的软错误愈发受到关注。研究了150nm至16nmFinFET工艺节点器件在大气环境中的单粒子效应。随着工艺节点的缩小,高能中子引起的单粒子翻转截面和软错误率整体上均呈下降趋势。高能中子引起的软错误率在各个节点中均占据主导地位。热中子在45nm工艺节点下对软错误率有明显贡献,由其与W塞中所包含的10B核反应引起。α粒子在先进器件中的贡献整体出现下降趋势,在40nm工艺节点下出现极小值。此外,16nm工艺节点下FinFET结构的引入使集成电路的软错误率下降了一个数量级。

激光与半导体材料相互作用的双电子共振吸收模型

通过提出双电子共振吸收模型,解释了激光与半导体材料相互作用时材料吸收光子的物理机制,分析了温度、掺杂数密度对吸收系数的影响;结合热峰模型,将激光的能量注入视为热源,计算出了激光入射时材料中电子温度的时空演化,通过费米狄拉克分布计算出自由电荷数密度分布,得到了电荷激发过程的计算模型,模拟了激光诱发单粒子翻转的过程。模拟结果表明,激光能量与激发电荷总量的关系是非线性的,这意味着激光能量与粒子的线性能量传输之间为非线性对应关系,与实验结果相符。

火力发电企业操作间隔异常事件检测方法研究

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