Metal–Organic Gel Leading to Customized Magnetic‑Coupling Engineering in Carbon Aerogels for Excellent Radar Stealth and Thermal Insulation Performances

Metal–organic gel(MOG)derived composites are promising multi-functional materials due to their alterable composition,identifiable chemical homogeneity,tunable shape,and porous structure.Herein,stable metal–organic hydrogels are prepared by regulating the complexation effect,solution polarity and curing speed.Meanwhile,collagen peptide is used to facilitate the fabrication of a porous aerogel with excellent physical properties as well as the homogeneous dispersion of magnetic particles during calcination.Subsequently,two kinds of heterometallic magnetic coupling systems are obtained through the application of Kirkendall effect.FeCo/nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)aerogel demonstrates an ultra-strong microwave absorption of−85 dB at an ultra-low loading of 5%.After reducing the time taken by atom shifting,a FeCo/Fe3O4/NC aerogel containing virus-shaped particles is obtained,which achieves an ultra-broad absorption of 7.44 GHz at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.59 mm due to the coupling effect offered by dual-soft-magnetic particles.Furthermore,both aerogels show excellent thermal insulation property,and their outstanding radar stealth performances in J-20 aircraft are confirmed by computer simulation technology.The formation mechanism of MOG is also discussed along with the thermal insulation and electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the aerogels,which will enable the development and application of novel and lightweight stealth coatings.

Energy-Saving Construction Technologies for Buildings

The development of the construction industry is shifting towards low-carbon construction,so it is necessary to improve and optimize related construction concepts,methods,and processes.By improving resource and energy control efficiency in building projects,minimizing construction waste,and reducing environmental impact,a foundation for the sustainable development of the industry can be established.This paper mainly analyzes the significance of low-carbon energy-saving construction technology and the control factors of construction,summarizes the status quo of the development of building energy-saving construction,and puts forward strategies for applying building energy-saving construction technology.These strategies serve to achieve low-carbon and energy-saving goals to promote the healthy development of energy-saving construction.

Numerical and experimental evaluation for density-related thermal insulation capability of entangled porous metallic wire material

Entangled porous metallic wire material(EPMWM)has the potential as a thermal insulation material in defence and engineering.In order to optimize its thermophysical properties at the design stage,it is of great significance to reveal the thermal response mechanism of EPMWM based on its complex structural effects.In the present work,virtual manufacturing technology(VMT)was developed to restore the physics-based 3D model of EPMWM.On this basis,the transient thermal analysis is carried out to explore the contact-relevant thermal behavior of EPMWM,and then the spiral unit containing unique structural information are further extracted and counted.In particular,the thermal resistance network is numerically constructed based on the spiral unit through the thermoelectric analogy method to accurately predict the effective thermal conductivity(ETC)of EPMWM.Finally,the thermal diffusivity and specific heat of the samples were obtained by the laser thermal analyzer to calculate the ETC and thermal insulation factor of interest.The results show that the ETC of EPMWM increases with increasing temperature or reducing density under the experimental conditions.The numerical prediction is consistent with the experimental result and the average error is less than 4%.

Research on Thermal Insulation and Energy Saving of External Wall in City High-rise Building of Cold Area

This paper applies the method of numerical simulation and field detection, and studied energy-saving insulation characteristics on the external wails of high-rise buildings in cold area, analyze and recommend the best arrangement of building and the most generous exterior wall insulation system suitable for cold area, and the degree of insulation materials were studied. The results show that： the mode preferred cold area is exterior insulation, insulation material made of extruded polystyrene board, frame structure filling wall preferred ceramsite hollow block.

Scalable and flexible porous hybrid film as a thermal insulating subambient radiative cooler for energy-saving buildings

Passive daytime radiative cooling(PDRC)is one of the promising alternatives to electrical cooling and has a significant impact on worldwide energy consumption and carbon neutrality.Toward real-world applications,however,the parasitic heat input and heat leakage pose crucial challenges to commercial and residential buildings cooling.The integrating of radiative cooling and thermal insulation properties represents an attractive direction in renewable energy-efficient building envelope materials.Herein,we present a hierarchically porous hybrid film as a scalable and flexible thermal insulating subambient radiative cooler via a simple and inexpensive inverse high internal phase emulsion strategy.The as-prepared porous hybrid film exhibits an intrinsic combination of high solar reflectance(0.95),strong longwave infrared thermal emittance(0.97),and low thermal conductivity(31 mW/(m K)),yielding a subambient cooling temperature of~8.4℃ during the night and~6.5℃ during the hot midday with an average cooling power of~94 W/m^(2) under a solar intensity of~900 W/m^(2).Promisingly,combining the superhydrophobicity,durability,superelasticity,robust mechanical strength,and industrial applicability,the film is favorable for large-scale,sustainable and energy-saving applications in a wide variety of climates and complicated surfaces,enabling a substantial reduction of energy costs,greenhouse gas emission and associated ozone-depleting from traditional cooling systems.

液氢储存低温绝热技术研究进展

液氢储存具有单位体积储氢密度高、长距离输送成本低等优势。但液氢储存是将氢气冷却到-253℃进行液化后储存在绝热容器中,故对储存容器的低温绝热性能要求极高。围绕液氢储存被动绝热和主动绝热技术,通过文献调研的方式回顾了当前液氢储存低温绝热技术的研究进展,介绍了不同绝热技术的原理,比较了不同绝热技术的适用范围,分析了目前不同绝热技术中存在的瓶颈问题和不足之处,总结了各绝热技术未来的发展趋势。为液氢储存低温绝热技术的发展提供参考。

充气调温服装研究进展及发展趋势

充气调温服装利用气囊锁闭静止空气,从而替代传统隔热层的填充材料,具有绿色环保、自由调温、轻量便携等特点,在防寒服领域极具应用价值。该文介绍了国内外充气调温服装的产品与专利技术,分析了充气调温服装的调温机理,总结了目前国内外学者对充气调温服装保暖性影响因素的研究现状,并提出充气调温服装的不足与未来发展趋势。

被动式建筑节能技术要点分析

被动式节能建筑能够最大限度地降低建筑的热损失,在为人们提供舒适的居住环境的同时,能减少采暖及制冷产生的能量消耗。文章以马厂安置区幼儿园建设项目为例,先介绍了被动式建筑的主要优势,然后从新风系统、保温系统、门窗系统、辐射采暖制冷技术、气密性施工等方面阐述了被动式建筑节能施工技术,以期为同类工程提供参考。

隧道防水减震隔热一体化关键技术研究

西部地区交通隧道建设面临全球最为复杂的工程地质条件。受高烈度地震带、富水环境与高低温带等不良地质影响,隧道震害、水害与冻热害问题突出,隧道防水减震隔热一体化技术研究需求迫切。为此,针对多致灾因素下的交通隧道安全建养问题开展系统研究。首先,在前期研发的新型韧性非水反应高聚物材料基础上,进行隧道防水阻渗、减震隔震与保温隔热相关技术研究,开展抗渗试验、减震试验和导热系数测定试验及仿真分析。研究表明,0.6 g/cm^(3)的高聚物材料抗渗等级达到10级,具有良好的防水性能;采用外包高聚物隔震层的隧道复合衬砌结构可减少36%地震波作用下的隧道变形;温度较低时,高聚物导热系数随密度增大而呈现增大趋势,密度每增加1 g/cm^(3),导热系数增大0.1709 W/(m·K),温度较高时,高聚物导热系数随密度增大而呈现先增大后减小趋势;进一步提出隧道“围岩-初衬-高聚物-二衬”复合式衬砌支护体系。最后,开展隧道高聚物防水减震隔热层喷涂施工物理模型试验与现场技术示范,给出最佳喷涂工艺参数,实现隧道防水-减震-隔热功能的一体化应用。相关研究成果可为高烈度、富水环境及高低温带交通隧道安全设计与施工提供借鉴。

直立锁边金属屋面与复杂钢网架施工研究

以某滑雪场为研究对象,阐述钢网架施工流程及金属铝镁锰板屋面的构造节点、主要施工工艺流程及注意事项。对滑雪场屋面系统中防水和保温的节点做了施工深化,保证了保温聚氨酯的连续性、TPO柔性防水层及附加防水层的完整性,为同类型钢网架项目的施工提供了一定的参考。

建筑物外墙外保温材料的选择及施工技术分析研究

本文以外墙外保温材料为基础,主要研究了外墙外保温技术及外墙外保温隔热材料。分析了外墙外保温材料的品种及特征,剖析对比了外墙外保温材料,总结出了最方便被人们所运用的材料和技术并指出了其缺点,重点分析了常见的外墙外保温施工技术,提出了外墙外保温施工质量控制,为建筑外墙保温节能事业提出有用的技术支持。

建筑外墙保温系统的研究分析

提升建筑保温性能,降低建筑能耗是建筑节能的重要表现,建筑外墙保温作为建筑节能的重要组成部分,对建筑的整体性能有着至关重要的影响。本文阐述了外墙外保温技术、外墙内保温技术、外墙夹芯保温技术、外墙自保温技术和装配式自保温双墙复合系统等几种建筑外墙保温技术的特点,分析了外墙中保温材料以及墙体中连接件对外墙保温性能的影响。

装饰一体化装配式隔墙在高高原地区的应用

装饰一体化装配式隔墙因工效较高、质量可控、不受气候制约、节能环保,在全国大部分地区有所应用。以西藏日喀则定日机场项目为案例,通过研发新型轻钢龙骨装饰一体化装配式隔墙,利用装配式施工、干挂装饰面的工艺,解决了极端严寒地区无法湿作业的难题,同时降低了人工消耗,优化了装饰一体化隔墙的隔声、保温、耐火等性能,实现了装饰一体化装配式隔墙在高高原地区的首次应用,取得较好的效果,可为今后类似项目提供参考。

房屋建筑内外墙保温节能效益分析

简要介绍了房屋建筑内外保温层常用的材料,选择位于西北寒冷地区的3间房屋,对其在无保温层、在墙面外部安装EPS保温层、在墙面内部安装EPS保温层3种情况下的耗能和施工费用进行了比较评价。通过试验对比分析发现,安装保温层的房屋冬季保暖耗能比没有安装保温层降低了50%左右,并且墙体内保温层比外保温的耗能降低了10%左右。

外保温复合装饰线产品及施工质量控制研究

外保温复合装饰线是由机械加工的模塑聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料(EPS)、石墨改性聚苯等保温材料、耐碱玻璃纤维网格布和抹面胶浆预制而成的装饰制品,在节能建筑外墙外保温系统中广泛使用。实际工程中,外保温复合装饰线种类繁杂,构型多变,存在产品质量隐患和施工质量安全隐患。本文通过对外保温复合装饰线的产品质量和施工质量技术研究,为该类产品提供产品及施工质量控制建议,有效提高建筑外保温系统施工质量。

农村自建房保温技术的进展与优化举措

农村自建房的建设面积较大,保温需求难以满足,长期采用家用电器来进行隔热保温,不仅增加了生活成本,也极大影响着人们的居住舒适性。以农村自建房保温技术为研究对象,通过对农村自建房保温优势进行剖析,寻找到农村自建房的保温需求,以此为切入点来分析农村自建房的保温技术的进展现状,包括屋顶架空隔热保温、悬挑屋檐隔热保温以及窗户隔热保温,根据当前的进展现状,提出了农村自建房保温技术的优化举措,即在保温层材料、保温层设计厚度、保温层的完整性以及保温层施工时间和方式等几方面,以此来达到农村自建房降低生活成本、提升居住舒适度以及延长房屋使用寿命的目的。

光热一体化技术在新型建筑保温材料中的应用与优化

本文研究了光热一体化技术在新型建筑保温材料中的应用及其优化策略,以光热一体化技术的原理和分类为着力点,探讨了其在不同建筑保温材料中的应用,重点分析了技术在实际应用中的效果和挑战。通过案例分析和理论探讨,提出了一系列优化策略,旨在提高光热一体化技术在建筑保温中的效率和经济性。研究结果显示,该技术有助于减少建筑能耗,提升环境友好性,但也面临着成本和技术实施的挑战。

建筑施工中建筑外墙保温节能技术分析

为适应新时期建筑工程的发展需求,实现节能降耗目标,文章以某建筑施工工程为例,阐述建筑施工中常用的外墙保温节能技术类型及内涵,从节能设计、保温施工和性能检验三方面分析外墙保温节能技术的具体应用,可对建筑外墙的质量提升和节能减耗起到切实作用,为建筑行业的发展提供支持。

建筑外墙外保温工程施工技术控制的措施研究

外墙外保温施工技术的有效实施具有保温隔热和较强的装饰性效果。为了提升建筑外墙保温效果,需要加强对外墙外保温施工技术的研究与分析,从多个角度着手分析,明确外墙外保温施工技术存在的问题,延长房屋建筑使用年限。基于此,文章详细阐述了外墙外保温的概念和优势,并立足于外墙外保温施工技术实施现状提出了有效的优化措施,以期更好地提升建筑工程质量。

建筑外墙保温装饰一体化系统施工技术

建筑外墙保温作为节能环保措施之一,可以降低建筑物的能耗,减少空调和供暖的使用,从而达到节能减排的目的,但在施工后再进行装饰会增加施工难度和成本。因此,将装饰和保温材料结合在一起,通过特殊工艺和材料实现保温和装饰一体化,不仅可以提高建筑外墙保温的施工质量和保温效果,还可以减少施工工期和成本。为满足消费者的个性化需求,还可以通过外观的设计和施工工艺的优化来提高建筑的外观质量和美观度。