Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling of the Emissions from the Logbaba Thermal Power Plant, Douala-Cameroon

Air quality in the vicinity of the thermal power plant of Logbaba in the town of Douala was investigated in this study using data collected in a 5-year period (2008-2012). The distribution of pollutants such as SO2, NOx, CO and the particle matter PM2.5 was analyzed using numerical modeling, based on physical and thermal characteristics, as well as the operating periods of the power plant. The American Environmental Regulator Model (AERMOD) that is an atmospheric dispersion model was used for simulation. The wind rose and others National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in-situ data were used for the validation of the model. The pollutants distribution was evaluated at two locations: the exit of the power plant, considered as reference point, and at 330 m away from the exit where the first houses appeared. The results show that the relative concentration for each contaminant at the exit of the power plant is 7.2% for the PM2.5 during 24 hours of emission, 46.0% for CO over 8 hours of emission, and 17.5% for SO2 over one hour. The NOx is the highest pollutant with 259.1% over an hour of emission and 51.0% over one year. Beyond 330 m of the power plant, only NOx keeps a polluting character with a relative rate of 100%. These results show that the pollution level of the power plant is over the threshold for air quality set by the World Health Organization. Moreover, among all pollutants investigated, NOx appears to be the most critical for the population in the vicinity of the Logbaba thermal power plant. This information is therefore important for policy and decision makers in preventing the vulnerability of the population to air pollutants from such industrial settings.

The Experimental Investigation of Recirculation of Air-Cooled System for a Large Power Plant

The paper introduces thermal buoyancy effects to experimental investigation of wind tunnel simulation on direct air-cooled condenser for a large power plant. In order to get thermal flow field of air-cooled tower, PIV experiments are carried out and recirculation ratio of each condition is calculated. Results show that the thermal flow field of the cooling tower has great influence on the recirculation under the cooling tower. Ameliorating the thermal flow field of the cooling tower can reduce the recirculation under the cooling tower and improve the efficiency of air-cooled condenser also.

Increasing Coal-Fired Power Plant Operational Flexibility by Integrating Solar Thermal Energy and Compressed Air Energy Storage System

This paper proposed a novel integrated system with solar energy,thermal energy storage(TES),coal-fired power plant(CFPP),and compressed air energy storage(CAES)system to improve the operational flexibility of the CFPP.A portion of the solar energy is adopted for preheating the boiler’s feedwater,and another portion is stored in the TES for the CAES discharging process.Condensate water from the CFPP condenser is used for cooling compressed air during the CAES charging process.The thermodynamic performance of the integrated system under different load conditions is studied.The system operations in a typical day are simulated with EBSILON software.The system enables daily coal saving of 9.88 t and reduces CO_(2)emission by 27.95 t compared with the original CFPP at 100%load.Under partial load conditions,the system enables maximum coal saving of 10.29 t and maximum CO_(2)emission reduction of 29.11 t at 75%load.The system has maximum peak shaving depth of 9.42%under 40%load condition.The potential of the system participating ancillary service is also discussed.It is found that the integration of solar thermal system and CAES system can bring significant ancillary service revenue to a conventional CFPP.

风冷式干除渣系统在1×330 MW机组中的应用与优化改造

东海热电330 MW机组采用传统的水力除渣方式,存在水资源浪费、能耗高、安全性差、维护费用高等问题。对电厂生产过程中炉渣的排放方式及提高炉渣的综合率方面进行研究论证,将水力除渣系统改造成风冷式干除渣系统,改造后简化了排渣系统,提高了能源利用率及锅炉的效率。风冷式干除渣系统灰渣燃烧充分、含碳量低,保留了炉渣的活性,利于灰渣综合的利用,提高了社会效益及经济效益,对提高整个电厂的经济运行水平具有非常重要的意义。

火力发电厂锅炉空气预热器安装控制技术研究

为了提升火力发电厂锅炉空气预热器的安装质量,本文深入分析了影响安装质量的多种因素,包括设备设计、材料选择、施工环境等。通过详细分解空气预热器的安装步骤,提出了针对性的控制策略,并设计了科学的安装技术方案。在现场质量验收评定环节,本文强调了对安装成果的全面评估,确保空气预热器的高效、安全运行。研究结果表明,通过严格控制安装过程,优化安装技术,能够显著提升火力发电厂锅炉空气预热器的安装质量,为电厂的稳定运行提供有力保障。

火电厂回转式空气预热器优化改造分析

回转式空气预热器是大中型电站锅炉中广泛采用的尾部换热设备,当前国内300 MW及以上燃煤机组锅炉普遍适用,但由于风侧、烟侧及炉外空气压力不同,空气预热器必然存在漏风隐患,影响机组运行的经济效益。为了提高锅炉热效率,很多电厂采取了各种改造或调整措施,虽然空气预热器漏风依旧不可避免,但是在一定程度上降低了漏风率。针对超临界锅炉普遍使用的三分仓回转式空气预热器,为了降低其漏风率,减少锅炉排烟热损失,提高机组经济效益,通过技术分析找到漏风的原因,并提出针对性的方案措施,提高设备应用的可靠性,有效降低火电厂的能耗水平。

火力发电厂回转式空气预热器性能改造研究

文章系统分析预热器运行现状,针对换热效率低、漏风量大等关键问题,提出创新的综合改造方案。该方案包括应用新型密封技术、优化换热元件以及使用高频声波吹灰装置等措施。通过对某电厂机组预热器的实验改造,评估方案的实际效果。实验结果表明,改造后预热器的热效率显著提高,漏风率大幅降低,换热端温差明显减小,比热耗和热损失均得到改善,说明所提出的改造方案可以显著提升回转式空气预热器的性能。

直接空冷火电机组乏汽余热利用技术

火电厂汽轮机排汽(乏汽)需要冷凝成液态水用于系统循环,湿冷、干冷机组都需要消耗大量能量来冷凝乏汽。北方缺水地区采用直接空冷火电机组,大量乏汽通过空冷岛散热。从热力学第二定律来看,乏汽已无做功能力,但是汽化潜热与做功能力无关,在能够提供真空环境确保乏汽流动性和需要加热远低于乏汽温度的工质的情况下,乏汽中的汽化潜热仍具有很高的回收价值。尤其对于直接空冷火电机组,其汽轮机排汽压力和温度均高于湿冷机组,可以采用汽水换热器直接回收乏汽热量加热厂区生水,降低电厂辅助蒸汽的消耗量,提高电厂收益。

Consideration of Environmental Effect of Power Generation: Bangladesh Perspective

Nowadays for power generation, environment is a major consideration. The heart of power generation is power station. At present there are almost above 40(Both Government & Rental) power station in Bangladesh. Among these 80% of power station is gas based. Rest of the 20% is coal, liquid and furnace oil based. Bangladesh has only one Hydraulic power station. These gas and coal based power stations are giving adverse effect in Bangladesh. The main emissions from coal combustion at thermal power plants are carbon dioxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO), sulfur oxides (SO), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and air- borne inorganic particles such as fly ash, soot, and other trace gas species. Carbon dioxide, methane, and chlorofluorocarbons are greenhouse gases. These emissions are considered to be responsible for heating up the atmosphere, producing a harmful global environment. It is known to all that hydro power station is a clean source of energy, but it has also some ecological and environmental effect. Dhaka is one of the top polluted city in the world. So for power generation if the environmental effect is not considered then Bangladesh will be in great trouble. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the present and future possible environmental effect of power generation in Bangladesh.

燃煤火力发电厂大气污染治理技术探究

分析了燃煤火力发电厂大气污染问题,总结了大气污染的治理技术要点,结合当前环境污染问题加重的形势,以保护空气环境为目的,治理大气污染的现象,对燃煤火力发电厂造成的大气污染进行规避,以推动燃煤火力发电厂的稳定、绿色化、环保化运转。

火电厂大气污染物排放控制技术分析

在火电厂的运行过程中,大气污染物排放控制是一项关键内容。为实现此项技术的良好应用,以某火电厂的实际项目为例,对其中的脱硫技术、脱硝技术、除尘技术改进与应用进行了分析。希望通过本次的分析,能够为火电厂大气污染物排放的有效控制提供科学参考。

火电厂空预器堵塞问题的改善对策研究

在绿色低碳理念的引领下,国内众多企业积极进行低碳转型。随着国家电力烟气排放法规的出台,电力行业对烟气减排进行技术改革。文章主要探究火电厂低排放锅炉烟气的空预器堵塞问题,并在此基础上提出相关改善建议。

三分仓回转式空气预热器热力计算方法研究

回转式空气预热器是大型燃煤电站锅炉必不可少的设备之一,其运行参数对锅炉的经济性有重要影响。目前对于三分仓回转式空气预热器的热力计算尚无标准方法,通过对比分析已有的三分仓回转式空气预热器热力计算方法,结合空气预热器的结构和传热特点,在同时满足计算精度要求和易于工程求解的前提下,分别对基于微分求解的方法和基于一二次风配比的方法进行分析比较,并以4台典型600 MW机组的三分仓回转式空气预热器为例进行校核热力计算。结果表明:对于反转的空气预热器,基于微分求解方法得到的一次风温的计算值与设计值吻合较好,计算误差为3.1%;对于正转的空气预热器,基于一二次风配比的方法得到的一、二次风温计算值与设计值吻合较好,计算误差不超过3.7%。研究结果可为三分仓回转式空气预热器的热力计算方法提供参考。

空冷岛效能寻优算法及风机智能运行优化控制方法研究

随着火电厂向智能化、数字化、安全化、绿色化的智慧电站转型,为进一步提升发电机组的经济性,基于鞍点动态的分布式优化算法、粒子群优化算法、深度神经网络,建立了背压优化调度求解器和风机转速优化调度求解器,寻找使得机组发电功率增量与风机功率增量之差取得最大值的最佳背压,实现了全自动化的风机单体转速调度、风机能耗和风机运行效率以及机组背压的最优,提升了电厂冷端的经济性以及自动化、智能化程度。

空冷塔双交叉钢管混凝土斜支柱施工技术

神木神信热电有限公司发电工程空冷塔创新性地采用双交叉钢管混凝土X斜支柱代替传统钢筋混凝土X斜支柱和单交叉X斜支柱。针对双交叉钢管混凝土斜支柱高度高、吊装质量大、异形杆件多等特点,对构件制作、焊接、拼装、现场吊装及混凝土浇筑等施工技术进行了总结分析,为类似项目积累了经验。

火电厂一次风机振动故障分析及处理措施研究

一次风机作为工业生产的重要设备之一,被广泛应用于电力、冶金、石化等行业。一次风机在长期运行过程中可能会出现振动故障,振动故障不仅会影响设备的运行效率及稳定性,还会对设备的寿命和安全性造成严重的影响,严重时甚至导致安全事故的发生。文章针对电厂一次风机故障进行分析,包括设备结构运行参数、安装工况等多方面因素,并对振动故障进行分析,明确故障原因,并制定相应的处理措施,确保一次风机的运行效率及安全性。

火电厂空冷机组水耗及煤耗性能分析

我国国土面积大,资源分布不平衡,“富煤贫水”的问题在很多地区都有。针对这种情况导致的资源利用率和资源分配效率低下的问题,“空冷机组”往往被用于相关地区的电力生产和制造。本文主要分析了空冷机组水耗和煤耗的性能,并提出了相应的节能减耗优化建议,以期能够为进一步提高火电厂使用空冷机组效果提供参考。

京津冀地区火电企业的大气污染影响

以在线监测、环评、验收等火电企业排放数据为基础,自下而上编制京津冀火电企业排放清单,利用气象模式WRF生成中尺度气象数据,采用CALPUFF空气质量模式模拟了不同情境下京津冀地区火电企业排放SO2、NOx、一次PM10,以及二次生成硫酸盐、硝酸盐等污染情况.结果显示,2011年京津冀地区火电行业排放污染物对京津冀西南部地区影响较大,各污染物年均最大浓度均出现在石家庄市;采取减排措施后,京津冀地区火电排放量SO2、NOx、烟粉尘总量与2011年火电排放现状相比,分别下降了33%、71%、68%;减排后火电行业对各城市SO2、NOx、一次PM10,以及二次生成硫酸盐、硝酸盐年均贡献浓度均大幅度减少,年均贡献最大值分别降低46.34%、78.43%、76.34%、39.49%、73.87%.

采用空冷器的火电厂主厂房多元通风降温分析

用计算流体动力学 (CFD)技术对采用空气冷却器的火力发电厂主厂房 (汽轮机房 )多元通风流场进行了研究。结果表明 ,空气冷却器与主厂房相距 1 2m时 ,主厂房自然通风被破坏 ,通风及降温均达不到规范要求 ,必须辅以机械通风。计算结果显示 ,主厂房分别采用自然进风与机械排风相结合或机械进风与自然排风相结合的多元通风方式 。

广东火电厂排放的大气污染物分布特征

随着电力需求的急剧增长,火电厂排放的气态污染物成为大气污染的一个重要来源。本文估算了广东省2003年火电厂二氧化碳、多环芳烃和二恶英类的排放量,并引入经济、人口和区域面积进行空间分析。结果表明,广东省2003年火电厂共排放二氧化碳31 14.17万t,多环芳烃8 035.61 kg,二恶英11.46 g毒性当量;火电厂单位面积、人均、单位GDP二氧化碳排放量变化范围分别是0-2 102 t/km20、-3 417 kg/人和0-98 g/元;珠三角地区火电厂这三类大气污染物排放量占广东省排放总量的70%以上;珠三角火电厂单位GDP二氧化碳排放量低于全省平均水平。