The kinetic characteristics of alkenes involved in thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) have been never reported in geological literature. In this study, TSR by ethene under hydrothermal conditions was performed in ...The kinetic characteristics of alkenes involved in thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) have been never reported in geological literature. In this study, TSR by ethene under hydrothermal conditions was performed in the constrained simulation experiments. Typical TSR products consisted of H<sub>2</sub>S, CO<sub>2</sub>, mercaptans, sulfides, thiophenes derivatives and benzothiophene. The apparent activation energy <i>E</i> and apparent frequency factor <i>A</i> for TSR by ethene were determined as 76.370 kJ/mol and 4.579 s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The lower activation energy for ethene involved in TSR relative to ethane suggested that the reactivity of ethene is much higher than that of ethane, in accordance with the thermodynamic analysis. Rate constants were determined experimentally using first-order kinetics extrapolate to MgSO<sub>4</sub> half-lives of 67.329 years - 3.053 years in deep burial diagenetic settings (120°C - 180°C). These values demonstrate that the reaction rate for TSR by ethene is extraordinarily fast in high-temperature gas reservoirs (120°C - 180°C). Consequently, the newly formed ethene from thermal cracking and TSR alteration of natural gas and/or petroleum could not survive after TSR process and were rarely detected in natural TSR reservoirs.展开更多
Thermochemical sulfate reduction （TSR） is the reaction between anhydrite and petroleum fluids at elevated temperatures to produce H2S and CO2. TSR has been studied in many sedimentary basins such as China＇s Sichuan...Thermochemical sulfate reduction （TSR） is the reaction between anhydrite and petroleum fluids at elevated temperatures to produce H2S and CO2. TSR has been studied in many sedimentary basins such as China＇s Sichuan and Tarim basins because it has a profound impact on the commercial viability of petroleum resources, with HzS typically being undesirable.展开更多
Through introducing the analytical problem of the plate with convection into the solution of the transient heat conduction thermal stress field model of the elastic plate, the stress reduction factor is presented expl...Through introducing the analytical problem of the plate with convection into the solution of the transient heat conduction thermal stress field model of the elastic plate, the stress reduction factor is presented explicitly in its dimensionless form. A new stress reduction factor is introduced for the purpose of comparison. The proper- ties and appropriate conditions of the stress reduction factor, the first and second ther- mal shock resistance （TSR） parameters for the high and low Biot numbers, respectively, and the approximation formulas for the intermediate Blot number-interval are discussed. To investigate the TSR of ceramics more accurately, it is recommended to combine the heat transfer theory with the theory of thermoelasticity or fracture mechanics or use a numerical method. The critical rupture temperature difference and the critical rup- ture dimensionless time can be used to characterize the TSR of ceramics intuitively and legibly.展开更多
天然气形成过程中的加氢作用和 TSR 反应是有机-无机相互作用的重要方式。相邻水体和深部来源的氢,是天然气形成的重要氢源,塔里木盆地天然气的甲烷氢同位素组成明显表现出不同沉积水体对甲烷氢同位素的控制作用,大宛105～25井和阿克1...天然气形成过程中的加氢作用和 TSR 反应是有机-无机相互作用的重要方式。相邻水体和深部来源的氢,是天然气形成的重要氢源,塔里木盆地天然气的甲烷氢同位素组成明显表现出不同沉积水体对甲烷氢同位素的控制作用,大宛105～25井和阿克1井具有深部流体加氢的特征;TSR 反应中硫同位素在不同反应阶段和反应过程具有不同的分馏特征,这种特征在四川盆地高舍硫天然气中具有很好的表现,TSR 反应硫同位素分馏一般小于20‰,而单体硫、黄铁矿和硫酸盐矿物等其它反应过程的产物硫同位素分馏不明显。展开更多
文摘The kinetic characteristics of alkenes involved in thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) have been never reported in geological literature. In this study, TSR by ethene under hydrothermal conditions was performed in the constrained simulation experiments. Typical TSR products consisted of H<sub>2</sub>S, CO<sub>2</sub>, mercaptans, sulfides, thiophenes derivatives and benzothiophene. The apparent activation energy <i>E</i> and apparent frequency factor <i>A</i> for TSR by ethene were determined as 76.370 kJ/mol and 4.579 s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The lower activation energy for ethene involved in TSR relative to ethane suggested that the reactivity of ethene is much higher than that of ethane, in accordance with the thermodynamic analysis. Rate constants were determined experimentally using first-order kinetics extrapolate to MgSO<sub>4</sub> half-lives of 67.329 years - 3.053 years in deep burial diagenetic settings (120°C - 180°C). These values demonstrate that the reaction rate for TSR by ethene is extraordinarily fast in high-temperature gas reservoirs (120°C - 180°C). Consequently, the newly formed ethene from thermal cracking and TSR alteration of natural gas and/or petroleum could not survive after TSR process and were rarely detected in natural TSR reservoirs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.41530314)Geological Survey Program(grant No.1212291313016001)
文摘Thermochemical sulfate reduction （TSR） is the reaction between anhydrite and petroleum fluids at elevated temperatures to produce H2S and CO2. TSR has been studied in many sedimentary basins such as China＇s Sichuan and Tarim basins because it has a profound impact on the commercial viability of petroleum resources, with HzS typically being undesirable.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 90916009 and11172336)
文摘Through introducing the analytical problem of the plate with convection into the solution of the transient heat conduction thermal stress field model of the elastic plate, the stress reduction factor is presented explicitly in its dimensionless form. A new stress reduction factor is introduced for the purpose of comparison. The proper- ties and appropriate conditions of the stress reduction factor, the first and second ther- mal shock resistance （TSR） parameters for the high and low Biot numbers, respectively, and the approximation formulas for the intermediate Blot number-interval are discussed. To investigate the TSR of ceramics more accurately, it is recommended to combine the heat transfer theory with the theory of thermoelasticity or fracture mechanics or use a numerical method. The critical rupture temperature difference and the critical rup- ture dimensionless time can be used to characterize the TSR of ceramics intuitively and legibly.
文摘天然气形成过程中的加氢作用和 TSR 反应是有机-无机相互作用的重要方式。相邻水体和深部来源的氢,是天然气形成的重要氢源,塔里木盆地天然气的甲烷氢同位素组成明显表现出不同沉积水体对甲烷氢同位素的控制作用,大宛105～25井和阿克1井具有深部流体加氢的特征;TSR 反应中硫同位素在不同反应阶段和反应过程具有不同的分馏特征,这种特征在四川盆地高舍硫天然气中具有很好的表现,TSR 反应硫同位素分馏一般小于20‰,而单体硫、黄铁矿和硫酸盐矿物等其它反应过程的产物硫同位素分馏不明显。
