MINERALIZATION AGES OF GOLD-HYDROTHERMAL DEPOSITS IN NORTHERN ZONE OF EASTERN KUNLUN MOUNTAINS BASED ON FISSION TRACK ANALYSIS

The age of mineralization in a mining area is a primary factor in various researches related to ore\|forming process. It is that the uncertainty of mineralization ages of gold ore deposits in northern zone of eastern Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai Province, restrains to probe the relationship of the deposits to the regional tectonic evolution. This paper documents the fission track method used to determine the ages of gold ore deposits in eastern Kunlun Mountains and considers the implication for the origin of the deposits.Eastern Kunlun Mountains is the northern part of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau and is of three deep\|seated fault belts in about EW extension. This work mainly includes three gold ore districts. All of them, in the north of Mid\|Kunlun fault belt, belong to northern part of eastern Kunlun Mountains. The Yanjingou district, with geographical coordinate 96°00’E and 36°10’N, is located 60 km north of Hongqigou district . Both of them are large, typical tectonoalteration gold deposits and were formed in similar geological setting. Hongshuihe ore district is located 50 km east of Yanjingou district and includes tectonoalteration and magmatic cryptoexplosive gold deposits. Outcroped strata are dominantly Jinshuikou Group metamorphic rocks of Lower Proterozoic erathem. The occurrence area of igneous rocks, especially granitoid, accounts for about 90% in first two districts and become less in Hongshuihe district. The gold deposits occur in NW\|striking fault belts. The Rb\|Sr isochron age and K\|Ar isotopic age of Moyite relevant to the gold mineralization are respectively 228 25Ma and 207 1Ma. Rb\|Sr dating of diorite porphyrite is 209 09Ma. Sericite selected from Yanjingou orebody has 252 9Ma K\|Ar age. The ore in Hongqigou district has 197Ma K\|Ar age and 210Ma model age of Pb isotope of galena.

Properties of Ultra-low Thermal Expansion LAS Transparent Glass-ceramics Prepared by Spodumene

The glass-ceramics were prepared with the spodumene mineral as the main raw material,and the effects of ZrO_(2)replacing TiO_(2)on the samples were systematically investigated.The results show that the substitution of ZrO_(2)for TiO_(2)is not conductive to precipitate𝛽β-quartz solid solution phase,but can improve the transparency and flexural strength of glass-ceramics.And the glass-ceramic with the highest visible light transmittance(87%)and flexural strength(231.80 MPa)exhibits an ultra-low thermal expansion of-0.028×10^(-7)K^(-1)in the region of 30-700℃.

Microstructure Evolution of Organic Matter and Clay Minerals in Shales with Increasing Thermal Maturity

As the two important components of shale, organic matter(OM) and clay minerals are usually thought to strongly influence the hydrocarbon generation, enrichment and exploitation. The evolution process of OM and clay minerals as well as their interrelationship over a wide range of thermal maturities are not completely clear. Taking Yanchang(T3y), Longmaxi(S1l) and Niutitang(?1n) shales as examples, we have studied the microstructure characteristics of OM and clay minerals in shales with different thermal maturities. The effects of clay minerals and OM on pores were reinforced through sedimentation experiments. Using a combination of field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) and low-pressure N2 adsorption, we investigated the microstructure differences among the three shales. The results showed that both OM and clay minerals have strong effects on pores, and small mesopore(2–20 nm) is the dominant pore component for all three samples. However, the differences between the three samples are embodied in the distribution of pore size and the location. For the T3y shale, clay minerals are loosely arranged and develop large amounts of pores, and fine OM grains often fill in intergranular minerals or fractures. Widespread OM pores distribute irregularly in S1l shale, and most of the pores are elliptical and nondirectional. The ?1n shale is characterized by the preferred orientational OM-clay aggregates, and lots of pores in the composites are in the mesopore range, suggesting that over maturity lead to the collapse and compaction of pores under huge pressure of strata. The results of the current research imply that with increasing thermal maturity, OM pores are absent at low maturity(T3y), are maximized at high maturity(S1l) and are destroyed or compacted at over-mature stage(?1n). Meanwhile, clay minerals have gone through mineral transformation and orientational evolution. The interaction of the two processes makes a significant difference to the microstructure evolution of OM and clay minerals in shale, and the findings provide scientific foundation in better understanding diagenetic evolution and hydrocarbon generation of shale.

Geology and mineralization of the Sanshandao supergiant gold deposit(1200 t)in the Jiaodong Peninsula,China:A review

The Jiaodong Peninsula in Shandong Province,China is the world’s third-largest gold metallogenic area,with cumulative proven gold resources exceeding 5000 t.Over the past few years,breakthroughs have been made in deep prospecting at a depth of 500‒2000 m,particularly in the Sanshandao area where a huge deep gold orebody was identified.Based on previous studies and the latest prospecting progress achieved by the project team of this study,the following results are summarized.(1)3D geological modeling results based on deep drilling core data reveal that the Sanshandao gold orefield,which was previously considered to consist of several independent deposits,is a supergiant deposit with gold resources of more than 1200 t(including 470 t under the sea area).The length of the major orebody is nearly 8 km,with a greatest depth of 2312 m below sea level and a maximum length of more than 3 km along their dip direction.(2)Thick gold orebodies in the Sanshandao gold deposit mainly occur in the specific sections of the ore-controlling fault where the fault plane changes from steeply to gently inclined,forming a stepped metallogenic model from shallow to deep level.The reason for this strong structural control on mineralization forms is that when ore-forming fluids migrated along faults,the pressure of fluids greatly fluctuated in fault sections where the fault dip angle changed.Since the solubility of gold in the ore-forming fluid is sensitive to fluid pressure,these sections along the fault plane serve as the target areas for deep prospecting.(3)Thermal uplifting-extensional structures provide thermodynamic conditions,migration pathways,and deposition spaces for gold mineralization.Meanwhile,the changes in mantle properties induced the transformation of the geochemical properties of the lower crust and magmatic rocks.This further led to the reactivation of ore-forming elements,which provided rich materials for gold mineralization.(4)It can be concluded from previous research results that the gold mineralization in the Jiaodong gold deposits occurred at about 120 Ma,which was superimposed by nonferrous metals mineralization at 118‒111 Ma.The fluids were dominated by primary mantle water or magmatic water.Metamorphic water occurred in the early stage of the gold mineralization,while the fluid composition was dominated by meteoric water in the late stage.The S,Pb,and Sr isotopic compositions of the ores are similar to those of ore-hosting rocks,indicating that the ore-forming materials mainly derive from crustal materials,with the minor addition of mantle-derived materials.The gold deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula were formed in an extensional tectonic environment during the transformation of the physical and chemical properties of the lithospheric mantle,which is different from typical orogenic gold deposits.Thus,it is proposed that they are named“Jiaodong-type”gold deposits.

Geology and mineralization of the Dayin’gezhuang supergiant gold deposit(180 t)in the Jiaodong Peninsula,China:A review

The Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit is located in the central part of the Zhaoping Fault metallogenic belt in the Jiaodong gold province-the world’s third-largest gold metallogenic area.It is a typical successful case of prospecting at a depth of 500-2000 m in recent years,with cumulative proven gold resources exceeding 180 t.The main orebodies(No.1 and No.2 orebody)generally have a pitch direction of NNE and a plunge direction of NEE.As the ore-controlling fault,the Zhaoping Fault is a shovel-shaped stepped fault,with its dip angle presenting stepped high-to-low transitions at the elevation of -2000-0 m.The gold mineralization enrichment area is mainly distributed in the step parts where the fault plane changes from steeply to gently,forming a stepped metallogenic pattern from shallow to deep.It can be concluded from previous studies that the gold mineralization of the Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit occurred at about 120 Ma.The ore-forming fluids were H_(2)O-CO_(2)-NaCl-type hydrothermal solutions with a medium-low temperature and medium-low salinity.The H-O isotopic characteristics indicate that the fluids in the early ore-forming stage were possibly magmatic water or mantle water and that meteoric water gradually entered the ore-forming fluids in the late ore-forming stage.The S and Pb isotopes indicate that the ore-forming materials mainly originate from the lower crust and contain a small quantity of mantle-derived components.The comprehensive analysis shows that the Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit was formed by thermal uplifting-extensional tectonism.The strong crust-mantle interactions,large-scale magmatism,and the material exchange arising from the transformation from adakitic granites to arc granites and from the ancient lower crust to the juvenile lower crust during the Early Cretaceous provided abundant fluids and material sources for mineralization.Moreover,the detachment faults formed by the rapid magmatic uplift and the extensional tectonism created favorable temperature and pressure conditions and space for fluid accumulation and gold precipitation and mineralization.

Numerical analysis on thermal conductivity of poly-mineral rock

In order to explore the thermal conductivity of the natural poly-mineral rock,numerical tests of rock models with randomly-distributed components were conducted and compared with each other.Elaborately designed Monte Carlo method was adopted to ingratiate the requirement of the random characteristics of grain size and the grains＇spatial distribution.This requirement was fulfilled by clustering the randomly generated unstructured tetrahedral elements in full three dimensions.Natural rocks are consisted of randomly distributed crystal particles or intergranular minerals.Our primary results verify that the thermal conductivity of the rock is strongly sensitive to the ingredients＇ volume fraction and their spatial distribution.Furthermore,we proved that,in order to reduce the measurement error to a reasonable range,the numerical specimen must be large enough or include sufficient number of mineral particles.Our numerical test results are in accordance with a variety of empirical formulas which are currently employed in petrology.

Threats to the Thermal Mineralized Waters Used for Therapeutic Purposes in Jordan

Although Jordan is a country with very limited water resources, the country is rich in its thermal mineralized water possessing curative properties, historically used for the therapy of a variety of ailments. Due to the country’s increasing water demand resulting from population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, extractions from the groundwater sources feeding the thermal mineralized springs has started to affect negatively the discharged quantities from the springs. In addition, urbanization, mining activities, over-exploited groundwater resources in general and severe drop in the level of the Dead Sea are leading to declining discharge of springs in general, and thermal mineralized in special, deteriorating water quality and contamination by human activities. In this article, the current quantitative and qualitative situation of the thermal mineralized springs is given and the threats to their discharges and quantities are discussed. In addition, some water policy changes and measures are suggested to conserve these therapeutic waters for the use of generations to come and to alleviate their depletion and quality deterioration on the social and economic state of Jordan.

灰岩在烧变过程中的热破裂机制试验研究

自燃煤层围岩在不同高温作用下会引起不同程度的结构损伤,导致其物理力学性质和工程地质效应发生显著变化。为深入认识烧变过程中岩石的结构演化规律,以徐州某矿底板灰岩为研究对象,开展不同温度作用下的热破裂试验,从多尺度上探究岩石热破裂的规律,并结合数值模拟和微观结构测试揭示其发育机理。结果显示:(1)方解石填充裂隙、层理等相对软弱结构面的热破裂温度阈值在300~400℃,完整岩石结构的热破裂温度阈值在500℃左右;600℃之前的热破裂形态较简单,基本是直线型裂纹,且宽度较小、数量较少;700℃以上出现宽度和长度显著增大的弧形热裂纹,热裂纹两侧试样的颜色有明显区别,靠近热裂纹的白色部位还发育一些连通弧形裂纹的次级小裂纹;800℃时,试样颜色全部变白,结构完全破碎,成散体状。(2)从微观结构和热应力角度阐释灰岩热破裂发育机理,发现试验温度路径下试样的热破裂主要发育在降温过程中,且最大热应力差主要在靠近试样表面的近似环形带上分布。500℃以下的热破裂成因主要为热应力在试样的原始缺陷处集中,并超过了部分软弱结构的抗拉强度;500℃以上受热应力与矿物分解共同控制,500℃以上升降温过程中的最大热应力基本超过灰岩的抗拉强度,且菱镁矿、白云母、白云石等矿物逐渐分解,逐渐增多的内部缺陷为应力集中提供有利条件,加剧了热破裂的发育;当温度达到800℃时,热破裂发育程度很高,且白云石和方解石快速分解,生成CaO,部分CaO在冷却过程中与空气接触生成Ca(OH)2,热裂纹与主体矿物分解共同导致试样结构的破碎。研究成果可为岩体破裂和地质结构演化分析奠定基础。

野生核桃仁营养成分及其油脂脂肪酸组成、热特性分析

为促进野生核桃的综合开发利用,以云南省临沧市野生核桃为原料,测定了核桃仁粗脂肪、粗蛋白质含量,核桃仁粕氨基酸组成、矿质元素含量,以及核桃油的生育酚含量、总脂肪酸及sn-2位脂肪酸组成,并分析了其热特性。结果表明:野生核桃仁中粗脂肪含量为44.04%,粗蛋白质含量为21.63%;核桃仁粕中7种人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的31.47%,9种药用氨基酸占氨基酸总量的70.97%;核桃仁粕中含有丰富的矿质元素,属于高钾低钠食品,微量元素中Mn元素含量最高,为144.8μg/g,重金属元素未检出;野生核桃油主要由7种脂肪酸组成,其中sn-2位多不饱和脂肪酸含量(70.01%)高于总脂肪酸中多不饱和脂肪酸含量(61.48%);核桃油中γ-生育酚含量最高,为510.10 mg/kg;核桃油低温结晶主要在-30℃和-13℃熔融,其快速热解温度为317~470℃,在416℃质量损失速率绝对值达到最大。野生核桃仁营养价值较高,具有广泛的开发利用价值。

强吸附预脱水对蒙脱石有机凝胶脱水能耗的影响

这是一篇陶瓷及复合材料领域的论文。蒙脱石有机凝胶是一种触变性凝胶,一般采用湿法工艺生产,需经喷雾干燥获得凝胶产品,但因喷雾干燥效率较低,能耗较高,干燥成本占生产成本的主要部分,进行降低脱水过程能耗的研究意义重大。论文提出了一种新型的低能耗预脱水工艺,预先在脱水池内充填比表面积大、吸水性能好的非金属矿物材料,然后将蒙脱石有机凝胶注入其中,充分搅拌,达到预脱水目的,再经喷雾干燥,得到高质量的有机凝胶产品。对预脱水流程设计专用工艺,并通过热量计算比较了经过预脱水过程及未经预脱水过程喷雾干燥的能量消耗。结果表明,经过预脱水工艺后比现有工艺节能约58%。

铵伊利石的矿物学特征及热稳定性

伊利石是地壳中常见的层状硅酸盐矿物。当NH_(4)^(+)赋存在伊利石层间时,可形成铵伊利石。探明铵伊利石的矿物学特征和层间NH_(4)^(+)的热稳定性可为理解氮(N)的地球化学循环提供重要依据。通过多种谱学、电子显微学和热分析手段,并以伊利石(层间阳离子为K^(+))为参照,对山西省阳泉市新景矿煤层夹矸中铵伊利石的矿物学特征和热稳定性进行研究。结果表明:铵伊利石中NH_(4)^(+)占层间阳离子总数的比例约为0.86,铵伊利石的基面间距(10.344)明显大于伊利石(9.973);同时,铵伊利石的(002)∶(003)衍射峰强度比值约为1∶1,而伊利石的相应衍射峰强度比值约为1∶3;铵伊利石四面体中广泛存在Al^(3+)对Si^(4+)的类质同象置换(Al^(3+)→Si^(4+)),其层电荷密度约为0.85;层间NH_(4)^(+)的存在未对伊利石的层状硅酸盐结构骨架造成明显影响,但可引起结构羟基蓝移;铵伊利石层间的NH_(4)^(+)表现出良好的热稳定性;在400℃~700℃温度范围内,NH+4随结构羟基的脱失而逐渐分解,这暗示在受热过程中层间NH_(4)^(+)与结构羟基发生反应,产物为NH_(3)和H_(2)O。

浅埋煤层烧变岩地球化学与变质矿物相特征

以陕北张家峁井田延安组2^(2),3^(1)段烧变岩为研究对象,对其进行岩石地球化学迁移规律以及变质矿物相特征分析。结果表明,该区烧变岩为低碱性硅铝质变质岩,横向上钙碱性分布不均一,少部分烧变样品烧失量大且CaO含量高,Fe元素迁移聚集。Zr相容性比Hf更好,Ba元素富集可能与后期水文作用有关,稀土元素分配趋势线为略微轻稀土富集型,烧变作用对稀土元素的分配影响相对有限。烧变岩原生矿物多具有烧蚀特征,镜下发育烧蚀边、气孔构造等,新生矿物呈集合体充填矿物间或矿物裂缝中。矿物相组合与热接触变质作用中发生高热变质的透长岩相相近,但变质压力更低,温度更高。烧变岩层由下而上可分为薄层板状烧烤岩、烧熔岩、厚层板状烧烤岩、厚层层状烧烤岩的岩石组合,鳞石英+方石英相较莫来石+堇青石+赤铁矿能更好表征岩石烧变程度的强弱,同层烧烤岩下部烧变程度高于上部,烧熔岩上部板状烧烤岩烧变程度高于下部板状烧烤岩。研究区烧变岩具有“隐伏”的特点,且存在同沉积期烧变作用,除暴露在河谷阶地的烧变岩层外,部分烧变岩层埋于更新世地层和残余延安组地层之下。早期形成的烧变岩层后期被破坏,多期烧变地层相互叠置形成现今火烧区。

基于红外光谱技术的赣南铜岭下铜多金属矿床蚀变及矿化特征研究

江西赣南地区是中国重要的多金属矿集区,成矿潜力大,随着矿产勘查进入深部找矿的新阶段,传统勘查手段难以支撑,亟需新的方法和思路进一步来指导找矿工作。文章以江西赣南地区铜岭下铜多金属矿床为例,采用短波红外+热红外光谱技术,结合矿物学和矿物地球化学手段,厘定了矿区蚀变矿物组合及空间展布特征,分析了光谱特征与矿化品位之间的关系,探讨了铜岭下矿床中典型蚀变矿物的形成与演化过程,构建出铜岭下矿床的光谱勘查模型。研究发现,矿区北部Cu-Mo矿化分布于花岗岩体顶部,以绢云母族矿物为找矿标志;矿区中部Cu-Zn矿化处于花岗岩体侵入的地层接触带,以绿泥石低Pos2250值(<2243nm)以及蛇纹石和断裂特征分布为找矿标志;矿区南部W-Sn-Cu矿化与石英细脉相关,总体与蚀变矿物关系不大,主要以岩石裂隙为找矿标志。北部钻孔ZK9-3和ZK9-4伊利石波谱IC值反映出岩体侵入深度大,推测其位置距离热源中心更近;绢云母2200nm波长变化结果显示:成矿流体可能来源于矿区北部;矿区中部绿泥石以富镁(铁)绿泥石为主,Pos2250值从致矿岩体到接触带附近呈由高变低的趋势。研究区成矿环境复杂,由北向南形成了蚀变花岗岩型(Cu-Mo)-构造控制下的弱矽卡岩型(Cu-Zn)-石英脉型(W-Sn-Cu)的复合成矿体系。

广东惠州地区钻孔岩芯热导率测试与分析

岩石热导率测试和分析有助于广东惠州地区大地热流计算、岩石圈热结构研究以及地热资源评价.从广东惠州地区22个钻孔中采集研究区主要岩石类型岩芯样品207个,采用光学扫描测量方法对这批样品进行热导率测试,测量值介于1.74~5.46 W/(m·K)之间,平均值为(3.25±0.52)W/(m·K).其中,各类岩石样品数和平均热导率分别为:32块砂岩(3.40±0.67)W/(m·K),11块砾岩(3.15±0.76)W/(m·K),63块灰岩(3.12±0.39)W/(m·K),55块花岗岩(3.33±0.40)W/(m·K),1块辉绿岩为1.84W/(m·K),2块辉绿玢岩(3.08±0.27)W/(m·K),9块熔结凝灰岩(3.24±0.10)W/(m·K),9块花岗片麻岩(2.81±0.26)W/(m·K),3块变质粉砂岩(3.92±0.25)W/(m·K),12块变质砂岩(3.38±0.68)W/(m·K),10块大理岩(3.48±0.42)W/(m·K).分析不同因素对岩石热导率的影响发现,矿物组成是影响岩石热导率的主要因素,主要造岩矿物中石英的热导率相对较大,岩石中石英含量很大程度上影响了岩石热导率.这一效应对砂岩热导率的影响尤其明显,不同石英含量的砂岩热导率可以相差很大.相较于四川盆地和松辽盆地,广东惠州地区和中国东南地区砂岩中的石英含量相对更高,这也是本研究测量得到的砂岩热导率明显高于四川盆地和松辽盆地同类岩石热导率的主要原因.研究结果为后续广东惠州地区大地热流和岩石圈热结构分析提供了数据参考.

胶东大尹格庄超大型金矿床地质特征与成矿作用

大尹格庄金矿床位于全球第三大金矿集区—胶东金矿集区招平断裂成矿带中段,累计探明金资源量已超180 t,是近年来在500~2000 m深度找矿获得成功的典型案例(任剑成等,2016;王宗永等,2016)。在系统梳理以往浅部找矿和近年深部找矿的主要成果的基础上,阐述了矿床的主要特征,剖析了矿体的空间分布和深部变化,并综述了前人在成矿时代和矿床地球化学等方面的研究成果.

云南落漏河流域温泉水化学特征及成因模式

温泉的水化学特征和成因机制研究对中低温地热资源的开发利用具有重要意义。云南落漏河流域温泉分布受隐伏断裂带控制,沿落漏河分布于河谷两岸,出露于第四系松散堆积物和二叠系玄武岩地层,温度介于34.5~50.0℃,属于中低温热水,pH为7.62~9.73,溶解性固体总量介于262~702 mg/L。通过采集落漏河流域内温泉热水和周边浅表冷泉水样,开展水化学成分和氢氧同位素测试,基于水文地球化学方法探讨温泉及地下水的水文循环过程、水化学演化及其成因模式。结果表明,受HCO_(3)-Ca型浅层地下冷水混合的影响,温泉水化学类型为HCO_(3)-Na型,温泉热水和地下冷水化学组成受硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物溶滤控制。氢氧同位素分析指示温泉热水和地下冷水主要接受大气降水补给,补给高程为2007~2307 m,补给区域为河谷西北部马耳山、北部锅盖山和中部左家山等山脉。通过二氧化硅地热温标、硅-焓混合模型和多矿物平衡模拟估算的温泉热储温度为68.4~150.0℃,冷水混合比例为77.9%~90.5%。落漏河流域温泉成因模式大致为:大气降水沿裂隙或岩溶通道下渗,历经深部地下循环被大地热流加热,循环深度为2872~3724 m,而后在高温和冷、热水密度差的驱动下沿白莲村隐伏断裂带上涌,在第四系地层以中低温温泉形式出露。研究成果可为落漏河流域温泉开发利用以及探索同类型中低温地热资源开发潜力提供依据。

煤中矿物质的地球化学特征研究进展

针对我国煤炭资源清洁高效分质利用的现实问题,研究煤中矿物质的地球化学特征和转化行为可在煤炭清洁高效利用中提高矿物质的脱除率及煤基质的有效转化率。从地球化学角度阐述煤中矿物质的定义、成因、组合分布、赋存特征、含量丰度及矿物质间的关系,总结目前探究煤中矿物质理、化性质所需的技术手段,从显微镜成像对其空间结构的表征到质谱、光谱、能谱结合进行定性和定量表征,并归纳具体检测手段的优缺点。针对煤中矿物质的热演化研究,从地质角度讨论煤中矿物质赋存富集的控制因素,概括陆源碎屑物质、沉积环境、成煤植物、岩浆热液活动、地下水活动、风化作用对煤中矿物质聚集的影响。不同成因的矿物质在煤炭不同的利用热演化过程中迁移转化也不尽相同,重点归纳煤炭燃烧、气化、液化、焦化过程中矿物质的热迁变特征,并从地球化学角度解读煤中矿物质的地球化学特征对其热演化过程中的演变规律。从地球化学角度出发,提出针对煤中矿物质的嵌布特征、解离特性的地质控制研究和矿物质脱除效果与成煤环境因素的关系尚有具体和细化的空间。通过煤剖面的地球化学信息划分地质影响作用,结合煤炭利用过程中矿物质的嵌布类型与解离特性的研究揭示控制矿物质脱除效果的地质因素具有探索性。随着煤中矿物质潜在资源特性的日益突出,煤中纳米矿物表现出的特殊性质,可将其作为研究煤地质学和煤地球化学的良好载体。

Evaluation of thermal water in patients with functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome accompanying constipation

瞄准：与机能性消化不良或伴随占优势的便秘的急躁的肠症候群(IBS ) 在病人评估水补充治疗的功效。方法：有机能性消化不良的 3872 个病人和有急躁的肠症候群的 3609 个病人的一个总数被 18 个 Italina 热中心在学习注册。病人们为 21 d 经历了热治疗的第一个周期。一年以后，病人们在一样的中心被重新估计并且收到了热治疗的另一个周期。在社会、职业的地位，家庭和病理学的病历，生活方式，临床的记录，福利的利用和健康结构和设备上收集个人数据的一张问询表在各热的治疗以后在基础时间和一年予每个病人被以。有机能性消化不良的六十个病人并且 20 由呼吸测试分析与 IBS 和 80 健康控制收到了胃的输出和 oro 盲肠的运输时间的评估。呼吸测试在基础时间并且在水补充治疗以后被执行。胃肠的症状同时被评估点。呼吸样品与集体 spectometer 和 gascromatograph 被分析。结果为呼吸测试的 octanoic 和 lactulose 呼吸测试的同样 oro 盲肠的运输时间被表示为 T (1/2 ) 和 T 落后。结果：症状的流行的重要减小在热治疗的第一和第二个周期的结束被观察在消化不良并且 IBS 病人。变化的分析出现了一真实并且在所有病人坚持症状的蚂蚁改进。在为 3 wk 的水补充以后，胃的输出的减小在 49 被观察(87.5%) 56 个消化不良的病人。T (1/2 ) 和 T 落后显著地与基础价值相比在治疗以后被减少[91 +/- 12 T (1/2 ) 和 53 +/- 11 (T 落后) ，搁置 1 和 2 ] 与类似于健康题目的 octanoic 呼吸测试的结果。在为 3 wk 的水补充以后， oro 盲肠的运输时间在学习的开始是比那短的。结论：为伴随 IBS 的机能性消化不良或便秘的矿水补充治疗能改进胃的酸输出和肠的运输时间。

Prediction Approach for Petrothermal Properties in Al Hashimiyya Basalts-Jordan

Thermal conductivity and mineral composition of flood basalt in Al Hashimiyya city were correlated. Representative thin sections were optically analyzed for their mineral constituents and micro fractures. Findings of this study will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the correlation between selected petrological characteristics of basalts and their heat conduction properties. It found that a 10% increase of opaque and ferromagnesian minerals volume in the studied basalts leads to a thermal conductivity increasing by 0.4 W&bull;m&minus;1&bull;K&minus;1. This may considerably contribute to provide an alternative to direct measurements of the thermal conductivity in Jordan basalts if a sufficient mineralogical data set is achievable. Thus, the prediction of thermal conductivity through modal mineral composition may become a significant feature for efficient geothermal system exploration in basaltic rocks. The results can be brought together into a petrophysical and hydrogeothermal model for better reservoir characterization. Such models will improve the assessment of the basalt’s suitability as a geothermal reservoir for cooling and heating utilizations.

Magnetic Mineralogical Characteristics of Hamersley Iron Ores in Western Australia

This paper presents the research outcomes of a magnetic mineralogical study on Hamersley iron ores. Thermal magnetic analysis shows that typical high-grade martite-microplaty hematite or M- (mpl H) and martite-microplaty hematite-goethite or M-(mpl H)-g ores contain a small amount of original magnetite. A small amount of magnetite/maghemite and pyrite/pyrrhotite/siderite may exist in typical martite-goethite (M-G) and martite-ochreous goethite (M-oG) ores. In “the hardcap zone”, M-(H)-g ores contain a small amount of magnetite and maghemite. Compared with XRD, thermal magnetic analysis is not only more sensitive in identifying trace of magnetite contained in high-grade hematite ores, but also more diagnostic in identifying other unstable magnetic minerals like maghemite and pyrite/pyrrhotite/siderite co-existed in the ores.