Development of a building information model-guided post-earthquake building inspection framework using 3D synthetic environments

Computer vision-based inspection methods show promise for automating post-earthquake building inspections.These methods survey a building with unmanned aerial vehicles and automatically detect damage in the collected images.Nevertheless,assessing the damage′s impact on structural safety requires localizing damage to specific building components with known design and function.This paper proposes a BIM-based automated inspection framework to provide context for visual surveys.A deep learning-based semantic segmentation algorithm is trained to automatically identify damage in images.The BIM automatically associates any identified damage with specific building components.Then,components are classified into damage states consistent with component fragility models for integration with a structural analysis.To demonstrate the framework,methods are developed to photorealistically simulate severe structural damage in a synthetic computer graphics environment.A graphics model of a real building in Urbana,Illinois,is generated to test the framework;the model is integrated with a structural analysis to apply earthquake damage in a physically realistic manner.A simulated UAV survey is flown of the graphics model and the framework is applied.The method achieves high accuracy in assigning damage states to visible structural components.This assignment enables integration with a performance-based earthquake assessment to classify building safety.

Analysis of Remotely Sensed Imagery and Architecture Environment for Modelling 3D Detailed Buildings Using Geospatial Techniques

The use of three-dimensional maps is more effective than two-dimensional maps in representing the Earth’s surface. However, the traditional methods used to create digital surface models are not efficient for capturing the details of Earth’s features. This is because they represent only three-dimensional objects in a single texture and do not provide a realistic representation of the real world. Additionally, there is a growing demand for up-to-date and accurate geo-information, particularly in urban areas. To address this challenge, a new technique is proposed in this study that involves integrating remote sensing, Geographic Information System, and Architecture Environment software to generate a highly-detailed three-dimensional model. The method described in this study includes several steps such as acquiring high-resolution satellite imagery, gathering ground truth data, performing radiometric and geometric corrections during image preprocessing, producing a 2D map of the region of interest, constructing a digital surface model by extending the building outlines, and transforming the model into multi-patch layers to create a 3D model for each object individually. The research findings indicate that the digital surface model obtained with comprehensive information is suitable for different purposes, such as environmental research, urban development and expansion planning, and shape recognition tasks.

Fieldwork Test Research of the Impact on Building Physical Environment on Six Types of Atrium Space in Cold Climates

Since the research on verification to passive design strategies in sustainable building is at the initial stage,and its test method and verification conclusion are not scientific enough to validate,this paper proposes the necessity of building physical environmental monitoring to quantitative optimization of passive strategies efficiency from the perspective of architecture design and building environment. Adopting comparative research method,this research chooses six types of atrium space in cold climate in China as a prototype,focusing on building physical environmental performance difference in and between atrium and building main space. Spatial parameters of the atrium space will be divided into four factors: spatial geometry,interfacial properties,internal and external related categories. With subdividing these four factors into sub-factors,this paper makes crosscomparison among the sub-factors to clarify passive strategies effectiveness in atrium. Data comparison analysis shows that Winter atrium passive strategy in cold regions from traditional view is not obvious in practical application,and test data need to be stratified refined in atrium design in case of optimizing passive strategy from building prototype perspective.

Test and Analysis of Indoor Thermal Environment of Urban Heating Residential Building in Hanzhong Area

By testing indoor and outdoor thermal environment of residential buildings that apply 4 mostused heating ways in Hantai District,Hanzhong City,this paper explored the indoor thermal environment conditions of different heating ways,to provide references for choosing a suitable heating way in the local area.

Impact of light-weight external thermal insulation materials on building surrounding thermal environment in summer

The method for calculating wall surface heat storage coefficient was introduced,and the coefficients of several common walls with light-weight external thermal insulation materials and the traditional solid clay brick wall were calculated.In order to study the impact of light-weight external thermal insulation materials,a contrasting experiment was carried out between an external insulated room and an uninsulated room in August,2010,in Chongqing,China.The result shows that outside surface heat storage coefficient of the insulated wall is much less than that of the traditional wall.However,during sunny time,the surface temperature of external walls of the insulated room is obviously higher than that of the uninsulated room.In different orientations,due to different amounts of solar radiation and being irradiated in different time,the contrasting temperature difference(CTD) appears different regularity.In a word,using light-weight external thermal insulation materials has a negative impact on building surrounding thermal environment and people's health.Finally,some suggestions on how to eliminate the impact,such as improving the surface condition of the building envelop,and plating vertical greening,are put forward.

Influence of Waterside Buildings’ Layout on Wind Environment and the Relation with Design Based on a Case Study of the She Kou Residential District

It is important to improve residential thermal comfort in the high dense cities,in which wind environment is crucial.Waterside buildings take an advantage of micro-hydrological-climate in summer that should be used to enhance residential thermal comfort especially in the subtropical region.In order to propose design approaches according to the outdoor thermal comfort of the waterside residential,a case study of Shenzhen She Kou res­idential district has been made.It focused on various factors that could have influence on wind environment for improving thermal comfort.Using wind velocity ratio(ΔRi)criterion,factors of building development volume,building direction and layout pattern,open space arrangement etc.have been broadly explored using FLUENT simulation.To planning parameters,the Floor Area Ratio(FAR)is significantly influence wind environment,the smaller FAR is better.To the vertical layout of the buildings,multi-storey layout and multi-storey&sub high-rise mixed layout would provide better wind environment.To the horizontal layout,the determinant is better than the peripheral.Other factors such as the buildings’direction towards the road,buildings’height,and open space setting,have influence on wind environment yet.In general,the more benefit of design layout for wind breezing,the better wind environment it could get.

Building and Environment

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03601323/118Volume 118,Pages 1-388(June 2017)(1)Dynamic setpoint control for museum indoor climate conditioning integrating collection and comfort requirements:Development and energy impact for Europe,P14-31,by Rick Kramer,Jos van Schijndel,Henk Schellen Abstract:This study presents a seven-step algorithm for hourly setpoint calculation of museums'indoor temperature(Ti)

A Computational Model for Pedestrian Level Wind Environment Around Tall Buildings

A computational model has been developed for the simulation of pedestrian level wind environment around tall buildings by coupling the numerical simulation of the full scale site and meteorological station materials. In the first step, the hybrid/mixed finite element method is employed to solve the two dimensional Navier Stokes equation for the flow field around tall buildings, in view of the influence of fluctuating wind, the flow field is revised with the effective wind velocity. The velocity ratio is defined in order to relate numerical wind velocity to oncoming reference wind velocity. In the second step, the frequency occurred discomfort wind velocity as a suitable criterion is calculated by use of the coupling between the numerical wind velocity and the wind velocity at the nearest meteorological station. The prediction accuracy of the wind environment simulation by use of the computation model will be discussed. Using the available wind data at the nearest meteorological station as well as the established criteria of wind discomfort, the frequency of wind discomfort can be predicted. A numerical example is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method.

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-andenvironment/vol/165/suppl/C Volume 165,November 2019(1)Ten questions concerning modeling of distributed multi-energy systems,by Georgios Mavromatidis,Kristina Orehounig,L.Andrew Bollinger,et al,Article 106372Abstract:Distributed Multi-Energy Systems(D-MES)can sustainably transform the energy supply of buildings,districts,and communities by integrating multiple energy efficient technologies,renewable energy sources,and electricity,gas,and thermal energy networks to provide heating,cooling and electricity services.

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-and-environment/vol/137/suppl/C Volume 137,Pages 1-292(June 2018)(1)Performance of Hong Kong’s common trees species for outdoor temperature regulation,thermal comfort and energy saving,P157-170,by Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo,Kevin KaLun Lau,Chao Ren,Edward Ng Abstract:Using a validated ENVI-met model,a

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-and-environment/vol/169/suppl/C Volume169,In progress(February2020)(1)Multi objective simulation based optimization of con trolled blind specifications to reduce energy consumption,and thermal and visual discomfort:Case studies in Iran,by Ehsan Naderi,Behrang Sajadi,Mohammadali Akhavan Behabadi,Erfan Naderi,Article 106570.

Building and Environment

https://www. sciencedirect. com/journal/building-and-environment/vol/143/suppl/C Volume 143,Pages 1-770 (1 October 2018)(1) A study of thermal comfort enhancement using three energy-efficient personalized heating strategies at two low indoor temperatures,by Udayraj,Ziqi Li,Ying Ke,Faming Wang,Bin Yang,P1-14Abstract:There is great potential to apply personalized heating for saving energy and enhancing individual thermal comfort

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-and-environment/vol/170/suppl/C Volume 170,M arch 2020(1)Impacts of fa9ade openings’geometry on natural ventilation and occupants’perception:A review,by Nima Izadyar,Wendy Miller,Behzad Rismanchi,Veronica Garcia-Hansen,Article 106613Abstract:For centuries,natural ventilation(NV)w as the smartest technique for conditioning the built environment.How ever,in modern design,NV has not been utilised to its full potential,especially in high-rise and medium-rise buildings.

Indoor Environmental Quality of Air Conditioned Residential Buildings in Extreme Dry Desert Climate

In this study, the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in air conditioned residential buildings in a dry desert climate is examined from the perspective of occupants via two aspects: thermal comfort and indoor air quality. The study presents statistical data about the domestic-occupant thermal comfort sensations together with data describing the indoor air quality in Kuwaiti residential buildings. With respect to the latter, the overall IEQ acceptance using two measurements namely: physical measurements and subjective information collected via questionnaires, was used to evaluate 111 occupants living in twenty five air-conditioned residential buildings in the state of Kuwait. The operative temperature based on Actual Mean Vote (AMV) and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) was identified using linear regression analysis of responses on the ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale and was found to be 25.2°C and 23.3°C, respectively, in the summer season. Indoor air quality (IAQ) with respect to carbon dioxide concentration level was compared with the acceptable limits of international standards, i.e. ASHRAE Standard 62.1 [1]. The proposed overall IEQ acceptance findings in residential buildings show CO2 concentration level between 909 and 1250 ppm. However, this may be considered a higher level of CO2 concentration, which may require increasing ventilation rate through window operation or mechanical ventilation.

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-and-environment/vol/160/suppl/C Volume 160,August 2019 (1) Data-driven model predictive control for building climate control: Three case studies on different buildings,by Jiangyu Wang,Shuai Li,Huanxin Chen,Yue Yuan,Yao Huang,Article 106204 Abstract: Model predictive control(MPC) achieves great performance in energy management of the building.However,identifying a suitable control-oriented model for MPC is a challenging task.

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/building-and-environment/vol/166/suppl/C Volume 166,December 2019(1)Evaluating urban vegetation scenarios to mitigate urban heat island and reduce buildings’energy in dense built-up areas in Cairo,by Amir Aboelata,Sahar Sodoudi,Article106407.

The Gestalt Function of Landscape Building in Terrain Environment

The outstanding value of landscape building is mainly reflected in the isomorphic relationship with the environment.If properly placed,it can play a key role in the natural landscape,which puts forward higher requirements for the site selection,modeling,volume and material selection of buildings.As a prerequisite,site selection is more demanding.Based on the previous studies of geomancy,the author summed up four types of site selection:gathering potential,blocking pass,bundle vein and acupoint from the isomorphic relationship between the landscape building and terrain in Wuling Area,analyzed its gestalt function and ecological ethics from the perspective of Gestalt psychology and ecological perception theory,explored the fit between the traditional Fengshui regulations and the Gestalt theory,and further revealed the influence of the accumulated genetic function of local living experience and survival wisdom on people’s deep psychological structure.

Building and Environment

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03601323/120Volume 120,Pages 1-134(1 August 2017)(1)Long-term thermal performance evaluation of green roof system based on two new indexes:A case study in Shanghai area,P13-28,by Yang He,Hang Yu,Akihito Oza-

Building and Environment

Energy and Buildings https://w w w.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/172/suppl/C Volume 172,Pages 1-554(1 August 2018)(1)Thermal performance assessment and improvement of a solar domestic hot water tank with PCM in the mantle,by Jie Deng,Simon Furbo,Weiqiang Kong,Jianhua Fan。

Building and Environment

https://www.sciencetlirect.com/journal/buildingi-and-environment/vol/174/suppl/C Volume 174,May 2020(1)Optic-energy and visual comfort analysis of retro-reflective building plasters,by Beatrice Castellani,Alberto Maria Gambelli Andrea Nicolini,Federico Rossi Article 106781Abstract:This paper presents the results of the characterization of new retro reflective(RR)plasters for outdoor applications.