A well test analysis model of generalized tube flow and seepage coupling

"Generalized mobility"is used to realize the unification of tube flow and seepage in form and the unification of commonly used linear and nonlinear flow laws in form,which makes it possible to use the same form of motion equations to construct unified governing equations for reservoirs of different scales in different regions.Firstly,by defining the generalized mobility under different flow conditions,the basic equation governing fluid flow in reservoir coupling generalized tube flow and seepage is established.Secondly,two typical well test analysis models for coupling tube flow and seepage flow are given,namely,pipe-shaped composite reservoir model and partially open cylindrical reservoir model.The log-log pressure draw-down type-curve of composite pipe-shaped reservoir model can show characteristics of two sets of linear flow.The log-log pressure drawdown plot of partially opened cylindrical reservoir model can show the characteristics of spherical flow and linear flow,as well as spherical flow and radial flow.The pressure build-up derivative curves of the two models basically coincide with their respective pressure drawdown derivative curves in the early stage,pulling down features in the late stage,and the shorter the production time is,the earlier the pulling down feature appears.Finally,the practicability and reliability of the models presented in this paper are verified by three application examples.

STUDY OF TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION FOR THERMO-STRUCTURAL COUPLING FIELD

A number of critical problems of topology optimization concerning the thermostructural coupling field axe studied at length. The governing equations and topology optimization model for the thermal-structural coupling field axe derived, with an adjoint method for sensitivity analysis of the thermo-structural coupling field proposed. The optimization algorithm for coupling field topology optimization is investigated and a flowchart of coupling field topology optimization presented. The theory and algorithms axe implemented and verified by two numerical examples.

Impact Analysis of Fluid-structure Coupling Embedded Weapon Bay

The coupling behavior of the imbedded weapon store occurring between the local unsteady flow field round the store and the structure response on the processing of opening its bay-door is simulated by using numerical method based on computational fluid mechanics(CFD).The transient aerodynamic behaviors when opening door under various flight altitudes and the corresponding structure deformation evolution in the unsteady flow fields are analyzed respectively and presented.The rules of aircraft attitude parameters′impacting to the responses of structure and the bay-door′s opening process are obtained by comparing with the analysis results.These rules can be applied to the structure design of bay-door and route specification of missile when disengaged and launched from within store.

The fast method and convergence analysis of the fractional magnetohydrodynamic coupled flow and heat transfer model for the generalized second-grade fluid

In this paper,we first establish a new fractional magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)coupled flow and heat transfer model for a generalized second-grade fluid.This coupled model consists of a fractional momentum equation and a heat conduction equation with a generalized form of Fourier law.The second-order fractional backward difference formula is applied to the temporal discretization and the Legendre spectral method is used for the spatial discretization.The fully discrete scheme is proved to be stable and convergent with an accuracy of O(τ^(2)+N-r),whereτis the time step-size and N is the polynomial degree.To reduce the memory requirements and computational cost,a fast method is developed,which is based on a globally uniform approximation of the trapezoidal rule for integrals on the real line.The strict convergence of the numerical scheme with this fast method is proved.We present the results of several numerical experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.Finally,we simulate the unsteady fractional MHD flow and heat transfer of the generalized second-grade fluid through a porous medium.The effects of the relevant parameters on the velocity and temperature are presented and analyzed in detail.

COUPLED SIMULATION OF 3D ELECTRO-MAGNETO-FLOW FIELD IN HALL-HEROULT CELLS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Two full 3D steady mathematical models are developed by finite element method （FEM） to calcalate coupled physics fields. the electro-magnetic model is built and solved first and so is the fluid motion model with the acquired electromagnetic force as source body forces in Navier-Stokes equations. Effects caused by the ferromagnetic shell, busbar system around, and open boundary problem as well as inside induced current were considered in terms of the magnetic field. Furthermore, a new modeling method is found to set up solid models and then mesh them entirely with so-called structuralized grids, namely hex-mesh. Examples of 75kA prebaked cell with two kinds of busbar arrangements are presented. Results agree with those disclosed in the literature and confirm that the coupled simulation is valid. It is also concluded that the usage of these models facilitates the consistent analysis of the electric field to magnetic field and then flow motion to the greater extent, local distributions of current density and magnetic flux density are very much dependent on the cell structure, the steel shell is a shield to reduce the magnetic field and flow pattern is two dimensional in the main body of the metal pad.

Numerical analysis of rapid drawdown: Applications in real cases

In this study, rapid drawdown scenarios were analyzed by means of numerical examples as well as modeling of real cases with in situ measurements. The aim of the study was to evaluate different approaches available for calculating pore water pressure distributions during and after a drawdown. To do that, a single slope subjected to a drawdown was first analyzed under different calculation alternatives, and numerical results were discussed. Simple methods, such as undrained analysis and pure flow analysis, implicitly assuming a rigid soil skeleton, lead to significant errors in pore water pressure distributions when compared with coupled flow-deformation analysis. A similar analysis was performed for the upstream slope of the Glen Shira Dam, Scotland, and numerical results were compared with field measurements during a controlled drawdown. Field records indicate that classical undrained calculations are conservative but unrealistic. Then, a recent case of a major landslide triggered by a rapid drawdown in a reservoir was interpreted. A key aspect of the case was the correct characterization of permeability of a representative soil profile. This was achieved by combining laboratory test results and a back analysis of pore water pressure time records during a period of reservoir water level fluctuations. The results highlight the difficulty of predicting whether the pore water pressure is overestimated or underestimated when using simplified approaches, and it is concluded that predicting the pore water pressure distribution in a slope after a rapid drawdown requires a coupled flow-deformation analysis in saturated and unsaturated porous media.

Mathematical modeling for coupled solid elastic-deformation and gas leak flow in multi-coal-seams

Based on the new viewpoint of solid and gas interaction mechanics, gas leakage in a double deformable coal seam can be understood. That is, under the action of geophysical fields, the methane flow in a double deformable coal seam can be essentially considered to be compressible with time dependent and mixed permeation and diffusion through a pore cleat deformable heterogeneous and anisotropy medium. Based on this new viewpoint, a coupled mathematical model for coal seam deformation and gas leakage in a double coal seam was formulated and numerical simulations for gas emission from the coal seam are presented. It is found that coupled models might be closer to reality.

基于多能流耦合规律的综合能源系统潮流及流分析

从能量流和流两个角度分析综合能源系统的多能流耦合规律,建立系统能流稳态潮流模型和流模型,根据模型特点研究系统潮流和流分布计算方法,以算例验证计算方法的可行性并分析计算数据,验证流机理模型相比于黑箱模型在局部分析方面的优越性。以算例数据为例,分析其潮流及流分布特点,结果表明:算例系统中能源转换环节的地方损最大,为系统薄弱环节,值得着重改进;同时电、热网络也有部分管段损较大,优化局部网络时也应纳入考虑。

基于DEM-FEM耦合方法的碎屑流对桥墩最大冲击力的影响因素研究

碎屑流是我国山区最危险的地质灾害之一,山区桥墩常受到碎屑流冲击而开裂、倾斜甚至倒塌,给山区桥梁建设、运营带来严重的安全隐患。采用离散元方法(discrete element method,DEM)和有限元方法(finite element method,FEM)耦合的三维数值模拟方法模拟了碎屑流对双柱式桥墩的冲击效应,并结合斜槽试验,验证了耦合方法的准确性,进一步分析了碎屑流冲击坡度、距离和体积密度对桥墩冲击力的影响规律。结果表明,最大冲击力与碎屑流冲击坡度、距离和体积密度分别呈幂函数(指数大于1)、幂函数(指数小于1)和线性正相关。冲击坡度、距离和体积密度对最大冲击力的敏感度值分别为3.012、0.202、0.804,在桥梁碎屑流灾害防治时需重视冲击坡度和体积密度的影响。将冲击力的数值模拟值与流体动力学模型预测值对比分析表明,流体动力学模型理论公式能较好地预测桥墩所受的最大冲击力,最大预测误差低于23.6%。相关研究结果可为山区桥梁碎屑流灾害防治与设计提供一定的参考依据。

螺杆泵转速对油水旋流分离管流场特性的影响

旋流分离器在井下采油螺杆泵作用下会发生复杂的振动现象,对旋流分离器内部流场造成一定影响。为研究螺杆泵不同转速下旋流分离器内部流场的变化规律,以同井注采工艺中螺杆泵作用下的旋流分离管柱为研究对象,针对振动壁面旋流分离管柱结构及工作特点,基于计算流体动力学方法、计算固体力学方法以及流固耦合理论,建立流固耦合力学模型;利用流固耦合分析方法,对双螺杆泵转动条件下井下旋流分离管柱内速度场、油相分布、涡量及湍动能等流场特性进行分析。分析结果表明:随着螺杆泵转速升高,分离器内切向速度和轴向速度强度逐渐减弱,径向速度的不对称性逐渐加剧,转速的周期性变化还会造成径向速度场分布的偏移;螺杆泵不同转速下旋流分离器内部涡量分布不同,随着转速升高,溢流管以及锥段部分附近相关流场的涡旋明显增强;旋流器溢流口附近油相体积分数会随着螺杆泵转速的升高而减小;不同螺杆泵转动状态下,大颗粒油滴的分布不同。所得结果可为螺杆泵井下旋流分离同井注采系统的设计及螺杆泵的转速设定提供参考。

基于CEL方法的带结构物溃坝流数值模拟

随着全球气温的不断升高,极端天气现象增多,溃坝现象成为水工结构方向需要重点防范的自然灾害。溃坝流的发展会对下游结构物产生巨大的破坏作用,因此深入探究溃坝流现象的水动力学特性以及溃坝流下游结构物所受到的冲击力影响势在必行。本文针对带有结构物的溃坝流动问题现象,采用CEL方法(Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian analysis,耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法),对于溃坝流的发展、演化进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明,模拟结果中溃坝流自由表面及流体尖端时程变化与文献试验结果拟合较好,CEL方法可应用在溃坝流现象的模拟,并且具有较好的准确性和精度。结构物材料性能、高度及与结构物与溃坝流间的位置,均会影响溃坝流的运动状态以及结构物的受力变形状态,在不考虑结构物破坏的情况下,提高结构物弹性模量,增加结构物高度,以及减小结构物与溃坝流间的距离均可提高结构物对于溃坝流的阻挡作用。

A Feasible Zone Analysis Method with Global Partial Load Scanning for Solving Power Flow Coupling Models of CCHP Systems

Heat exchanger systems(HXSs)or heat recovery steam generators(HRSGs)are commonly used in 100 kW to 50 MW combined cooling,heating,and power(CCHP)systems.Power flow coupling(PFC)is found in HXSs and is complex for researchers to quantify.This could possibly mislead the dispatch schedule and result in the inaccurate dispatch.PFC is caused by the inlet and outlet temperatures of each component,gas flow pressure variation,conductive medium flow rate,and atmosphere condition variation.In this paper,the expression of PFC is built by using quadratic functions to fit the non!inearit>of thermal dynamics.While fitting the model,the environmental condition needs prediction,which is calculated using phase space reconstruction(PSR)Kalman filter.In order to solve the complex quadratic dispatch model,a hybrid following electricity load(FEL)and following thermal load(FTL)mode for reducing the dimension of dispatch model,and a feasible zone analysis(FZA)method are proposed.As a result,the PFC problem of CCHP system is solved,and the dispatch cost,investment cost,and the maximum power requirements are optimized.In this paper,a case in Jinan,China is studied.The PFC model is proven to be more precise and accurate compared with traditional models.

飞行器旋转翼折展过程动稳定性研究进展

旋转翼是一种可绕固定轴旋转变体的机翼,广泛应用于新型无人机、巡飞弹、航空炸弹等飞行器,其折展过程中的动稳定特性是决定旋转翼飞行器设计成败的关键基础问题。基于此,梳理了近年来飞行器旋转翼折展过程动稳定机理的研究进展。介绍了旋转翼发展历程及其面临的折展动稳定关键问题;从非定常气动数值模拟、非定常动态特性数值模拟、CFD/RBD一体化耦合数值模拟3个层次阐述了折展过程动稳定数值模拟进展;介绍了旋转翼折展扰动下的非线性动力学建模及动稳定性分析的现状;分析了旋转翼折展动稳定性机理的风洞试验验证情况;总结了旋转翼折展过程动稳定研究面临的科学问题,并提出了可行的研究方向。

基于潮流追踪的有源配电网碳排放流分析方法

分布式资源的碳排放特性差异导致配电网各节点碳排放强度存在时空差异性,为有效支撑配电网低碳分析优化以及用户侧低碳核算与交易,建立了有源配电网电碳耦合模型,基于潮流追踪对有源配电网碳排放流情况进行定量分析研究,将碳排放成本纳入配电系统经济成本中。以电力系统总经济成本最小为目标,通过IEEE 33节点算例进行仿真分析,验证了所述方法的可行性和有效性。

基于CFD-DEM耦合的装车站溜槽设计参数优化

为提高装车站溜槽的物料分布均匀性,降低粉尘质量浓度,提出基于CFD-DEM耦合的装车站溜槽设计参数优化方法。分析装车站溜槽的工作流程,采用CFD-DEM耦合的方法建立装车站溜槽有限元模型;建立卸料方程、物料与溜槽、挡板的撞击方程、滑行方程和运动方程,同时结合有限元模型展开颗粒运动分析和压力流场分析;根据分析结果优化装车站溜槽物料对应的动堆积角参数、流线控制参数、物料入射角参数、挡板与物料之间的摩擦角参数,实现优化物料流、物料速度、溜槽横截面积和物料重力分布。实验结果表明:所提方法设计溜槽的物料分布均匀性高,并且粉尘质量浓度降低至912 mg/m 3。

西香高速泸沽湖特大型桥梁处碎石土力学特性研究

针对桥梁重力锚布设对碎石土堆积体稳定性的影响问题,以西香高速泸沽湖特大型桥梁为例,围绕该处碎石土的力学特征与变形参数,采用室内大型三轴试验与PFC(particle flow code)-FLAC(fast Lagrangian analysis of continua)耦合的数值仿真技术,建立柔性边界条件下的三轴试验模型,分析该碎石土的变形破坏特征以及力学机制变化规律。结果表明:在三轴试验中围压与初始弹性模量E i呈正相关性,随着碎石土试样中粗颗粒料含量增加,内聚力会减少而内摩擦角增加;拟合得到该处碎石土试样破坏强度σ_(cre)与围压σ_(3)的线性关系式:σ_(cre)=2.95σ_(3)+176.105;三轴试样在低围压下,上下锥形区域持续压密吸收能量,碎石土试样内部出现两条剪切带,整体呈“X”形,随着围压的增加,能量出现冗余并向剪切带外扩散,产生新的裂隙,掩盖了剪切带的区域化特征,导致剪切带逐渐减少并在围压达到400 kPa时消失。研究成果对碎石土堆积体稳定性问题具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。

ICP-OES法测定铁铬液流电解液中17种杂质元素

应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-OES)法对铁铬液流电解液中的杂质元素Ca、Mg、Na、K、Cu、Zn、Ni、Mn、Sn、Co、A1、Pb、Cd、As、Sb、S、Mo进行同时测定。通过对电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪分析参数的优化。对影响分析结果准确度的因素进行校正,方法的准确度得到提高。应用本方法测定铁铬液流电解液中的杂质元素Ca、Mg、Na、K、Cu、Zn、Ni、Mn、Sn、Co、A1、Pb、Cd、As、Sb、S、Mo,加标回收率为81.1%~108.6%,相对标准偏差为0.26%~4.67%。

基于Workbench涡旋压缩机涡旋齿流-热-固多场耦合分析

涡旋压缩机内部流场变化对涡旋齿受力变形情况具有重要影响。通过对涡旋压缩机进行流场分析,探究了压缩腔内压力、温度分布情况,并根据流场分析结果,对不同材质的动涡旋盘进行流-热-固多场耦合分析。研究表明:压缩腔的压力和温度在齿高方向并不相同;多场耦合下QT400-15比HT200更合适作为涡旋盘的制造材料;多场耦合下涡旋齿的最大应力出现在齿根部位,顶部变形最大;由于温度场载荷与气体力载荷所产生的主要应力与变形方向不同,因此温度场载荷和气体力载荷之间的叠加差值大于其耦合差值。

枞树形榫结构参数对应力的影响

航空发动机枞树形榫结构在工作时的应力状态较复杂,容易发生疲劳破坏。本文通过有限元分析研究拉削角、楔形角、接触长度对榫结构应力的影响,为榫结构的设计和优化提供参考。根据四齿枞树形榫结构的几何特点,提取典型设计参数建立枞树形榫结构的参数化模型;考虑榫结构在实际工作中的受载形式及温度的影响,采用三维接触分析方法建立枞树榫结构热-力耦合分析流程;通过调整拉削角、楔形角和接触线长度的取值,计算榫齿接触区域应力分布情况,得到各设计参量对结构应力的影响规律。结果表明:拉削角增大会导致榫槽局部应力集中加剧以及榫头两侧榫齿应力差值增大,楔形角增大会导致榫头榫槽承担的应力载荷增加,接触长度增大会导致接触应力减小;航空发动机枞树形榫结构在设计时,拉削角在20°以下,楔形角18°、20°为宜,接触长度应适当增大。

Evaluation of the Impact Force of Dry Granular Flow onto Rock Shed

In the design of rock sheds for the mitigation of risk due to rapid and long landslides, a crucial role is played by the evaluation of the impact force exerted by the flowing mass on the rock sheds. This paper is focused on the influencing factors of the impact force of dry granular flow onto rock shed and in particular on the evaluation of the maximum impact force. The coupled DEM-FEM model calibrated with small-scale physical experiment is used to simulate the movement of dry granular flow coupled with impact forces on the rock-shed. Based on the numerical results, three key stages were identified of impact process, namely startup streams slippery, impact and pile-up. The maximum impact force increases linearly with bulk density, and the maximum impact force exhibits a power law dependence on the impact height and slop angle respectively. The sensitivities of bulk density, impact height, and slope angle on the maximum impact force are: 1.0, 0.496, and 2.32 respectively in the benchmark model. The parameters with high sensitivity should be given priority in the design of the rock shed. The results obtained from this study are useful for facilitating design of shed against dry granular flow.