Preparation Process and Thin Layer Chromatography Identification of Wufang Babu Poultice

[Objectives] To establish the process flow of preparation of Wufang Babu Poultice and the identification method of thin layer chromatography (TLC). [Methods] For the forming process of Wufang Babu Poultice, the preparation method of mixed pharmaceutical powder with suitable pharmaceutical excipients was adopted. Qualitative identification of medicinal materials in Wufang Babu Poultice (Strychni Semen, Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma, Dipsaci Radix, and Angelicae Sinensis Radix) was carried out by TLC. [Results] Mixed pharmaceutical powder mixed with glycerol, gelatin and other pharmaceutical excipients can be prepared for forming. The test solution chromatography of each medicinal material (Strychni Semen, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Dipsaci Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix) showed pigment spots of the same color at the same position as its corresponding control medicinal materials and reference chromatography, and the display was clear. [Conclusions] The preparation process is simple and feasible, and can be used as the forming process of Wufang Babu Poultice. The TLC determination method is simple to operate, has good specificity, and has no effect on negative results, and can be used for identification of Wufang Babu Poultice.

Secondary metabolite credentials ofEvolvulus alsinoides by high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)

Plants and plant-based products are the bases of many modern pharmaceuticals that are current in use today for various diseases.The aim of the study was to investigate the biochemical constituents and high performance thin layer chromatography（HPTLC） finger printing of the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides.Phytochemical screening was done by standard procedures and HPTLC method was also established to analyze alkaloids,flavonoids and phenolic compounds from the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides.Preliminary phytochemical screening showed that ethanol extracted more secondary metabolites than other solvents.HPTLC fingerprinting analysis showed the presence of various alkaloids,flavonoids and phenols（quercetin） in the ethanolic extract.It can be concluded that Evolvulus alsinoides may serve as a source of potent antioxidants that may be used in the prevention of various diseases such as cancer,diabetes and cardiovascular diseases due to the presence of phenolic compounds.HPTLC finger print of Evolvulus alsinoides may be useful in the differentiation of the species from adulterants and act as a biochemical marker for this medicinally important plant in the pharmaceutical industry and plant systematic studies.

Evaluation of quantitative variation of secondary metabolites in Bergenia ciliata(Haw.)using high performance thin layer chromatography

Dear Editor： Therapeutically active metabolite contents in a med- icinal plant vary in nature, which may impact on its therapeutic efficacy. Bergenia （Saxifragaceae） is an evergreen perennial herb widely distributed in Central and East Asia with about 30 species reported worldwide. It grows at a range of altitudes from the Khasia hills at 400 feet to the temperate Himalayas from Kashmir to Bhutan at 7,000-10,000 feet. Its distribution over a wide range of altitudinal zones makes it a good candidate for studying variations in its metabolic profiles under different climatic conditions. Bergenin （C-glycoside of 4-O-methyl gallic acid） has been identified as a potent active secondary metabolite in Bergenia and other therapeutically active constituents including, among others, gallic acid （3,4,5 trihydroxybenzoic acid）, （＋） catechin, and gallicin （Fig. 1）.

Study of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. in Nuhuang Fuzheng Oral Liquid by Thin Layer Chromatography

[Objectives] To better control the quality of Nuhuang Fuzheng Oral Liquid and study the main component Cuscuta chinensis Lam.by Thin Layer Chromatography. [Methods] Through changing the treatment methods of the test sample solution,proportion of the developing solvent and sample application volume,taking the spot resolution,definition,and Rf value,optimal Thin Layer Chromatography conditions were screened for Cuscuta chinensis Lam. [Results] After the test sample solution passing the neutral alumina column,it was extracted two times using the ethyl acetate. Methanol was added to dissolve. Benzene-ethyl acetate-formic acid( 5∶5∶2.5) was used as developing solvent.And ammonia fumigation was carried out to develop color. In the thin layer chromatograph obtained through these conditions,Nuhuang Fuzheng Oral Liquid test sample solution showed the same stripe in the same position of the control drug chromatogram and there was no obvious tailing phenomenon and the spot was clear. [Conclusions] The thin layer chromatography identification conditions can be used as the method for quality control of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. in Nuhuang Fuzheng Oral Liquid.

Identification of Ethnic Medicine Polygonum capitatum by Thin Layer Chromatography

[Objectives]To establish a thin-layer chromatography identification method for the ethnic medicinal materials of Polygonum capitatum.[Methods]The thin layer chromatography(TLC)method was used to identify materials.[Results]The TLC identification showed that in the chromatogram of the test sample,there were spots of the same color in the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the reference medicinal material,and the reproducibility was good.[Conclusions]The TLC identification and the determination results of the inspection items can provide a basis for the quality control of the medicinal materials of P.capitatum.

Identification of Citric Acid in Wuhuang Oral Liquid by Thin Layer Chromatography

[Objectives] To screen the identification conditions of citric acid in Wuhuang Oral Liquid by thin layer chromatography,and establish the quality control method for citric acid in Wuhuang Oral Liquid.[Methods] Different treatment methods were adopted for test sample,developing agent,and drying time,thin layer chromatography separation condition and spot definition were taken as indicators to conduct experiment,to select optimal thin layer identification method. [Results] Methanol was used as the extraction solvent,ultrasonic treatment,ether extraction,dissolution by anhydrous ethanol as treatment conditions of test sample; upper solution of butyl acetate-formic acid-water(4 ∶ 2 ∶ 2) after placing one hour was taken as developing agent; 0. 1% bromocresol green(BCG) as the developer; when developing the color in 3 hours after development,in thin layer chromatograph,there appeared the same strip in the same position of test sample of Wuhuang ORAL Liquid and control substance,no obvious trailing phenomenon,and the color was uniform and clear.[Conclusions]The thin layer chromatography identification conditions can be used as the method for quality control of Wuhuang Oral Liquid.

Quality Evaluation of Leontopodium franchetii Beauv. from Different Localities Based on Moisture,Ash and Extract Contents and Thin-layer Chromatography

[Objectives] The aim was to determine the moisture,ash and extract contents in Leontopodium franchetii Beauv. from different localities. [Methods] The contents of moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash and extract in L. franchetii from different localities were determined according to the methods described in Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2015 Edition). [Results] In the 10 samples,the contents of moisture were all less than or equal to 15. 0%; the contents of total ash were all below 12. 0%; and the contents of acid-insoluble ash were all less than 3. 0%. The contents of water-soluble extract( by cold-soaked extraction method) in the samples were all below 12. 0% except those from Hongyuan Prairie of Sichuan Province and Xinglong Mountain in Lanzhou City,Gansu Province. [Conclusions]The contents of the four indicators measured in this experiment varied by small margins,indicating that the quality was relatively stable. This study provides theoretical data for the revision of the quality standards for L. franchetii.

Separation of Amino Acids Based on Thin-Layer Chromatography by a Novel Quinazoline Based Anti-Microbial Agent

A newly designed quinazoline based compound, 6-pyridin-2-yl-5,6-dihydro-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c] quinazoline (PDBIQ) has shown the ability for the easy detection of nineteen amino acids on thin-layer chromatography plates as a spray reagent. This new reagent enabled to produce various distinguishable colors with amino acids with different RF values. The detection limits and the binding ability of PDBIQ with amino acids have been calculated. PDBIQ is also able to detect aminoacids from hydrolised seed protein. The title compound also exhibited profound inhibitory action against some gm (+ve) and gm (-ve) bacterial organisms. This paper deals with synthesis, spectroscopic application and biological evaluation of the organic moity.

基于B^(*)-树的连续微流控生物芯片流层物理设计方法

作为连续微流控生物芯片设计中的关键步骤,流层物理设计是一个复杂的多目标优化问题,传统方法通常将其分为布局和布线2个阶段。为弥补这2个阶段之间的交互不足,提出了一种基于B^(*)-树的流层物理设计方法,以提高解的质量和求解效率。在布局阶段,采用Memetic算法更高效地搜索解空间。在布线阶段,使用考虑通道顺序的基于协商的算法,同时将布线信息反馈给布局阶段,以调整布局并减少拥挤区域和通道交叉。实验结果表明,与现有算法相比,所提算法在芯片面积、通道总长度以及通道交叉数量等方面取得了更优的效果。

等离子弧熔覆Fe-C-B-V系耐磨堆焊层的组织及性能研究

以硼铁、高碳铬铁、钒铁为原料,采用等离子弧熔覆技术在Q345钢表面堆焊Fe-C-B-V系铁基合金。使用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等研究了堆焊层的显微组织;分别使用维氏硬度计和冲击试验机测量堆焊层的显微硬度和冲击韧性。结果表明,堆焊层显微组织主要由马氏体、网格状Fe_(3)(C,B)和Fe_(2)B、弥散分布的碳化物及硼化物等(如VB_(2)、VC、Cr_(2)B)硬质相构成;堆焊层的平均硬度高达904.58 HV10、冲击功为68.5 J。堆焊过程中形成的硼化物、碳化物作为硬质相提高了堆焊层的硬度和耐磨性,形成的碳化钒使组织从鱼骨状变成网格状,细化了晶粒,提高了堆焊层的冲击韧性。

Comparison of liquid-liquid extraction-thin layer chromatography with solid-phase extraction-high-performance thin layer chromatography in detection of urinary morphine

Liquid-liquid extraction-thin layer chromatography （LLE-TLC） has been a common and routine combined method for detection of drugs in biological materials. Solid-phase extraction （SPE） is gradually replacing the tra- ditional LLE method. High performance thin layer chromatography （HPTLC） has several advantages over TLC. The present work studied the higher efficiency of a new SPE-HPTLC method over that of a routine LLE-TLC method, in extraction and detection of urinary morphine. Fifty-eight urine samples, primarily identified as mor- phine-positive samples by a strip test, ＇were re-screened by LLE-TLC and SPE-HPTLC. The results of LLE-TLC and SPE-HPTLC were then compared with each other. The results showed that the SPE-HPTLC detected 74% of total samples as morphine-positive samples whereas the LLE-TLC detected 48% of the same samples. We further discussed the effect of codeine abuse on TLC analysis of urinary morphine. Regarding the importance of morphine detection in urine, the present combined SPE-HPTLC method is suggested as a replacement method for detection of urinary morphine by many reference laboratories.

硫酸多黏菌素B在两种溶媒中的含量稳定性

目的考察硫酸多黏菌素B在成品输液及高浓度储备液中的含量稳定性,为临床给药提供依据。方法建立测定硫酸多黏菌素B含量的高效液相色谱方法,将硫酸多黏菌素B分别溶于0.9%氯化钠注射液及5%葡萄糖注射液,配成0.5、1 mg·mL^(-1)成品输液及5 mg·mL^(-1)储备液,并在4和25℃储存条件下于0、2、4、6、8、12、16、20及24 h测定多黏菌素B含量。结果4和25℃储存条件下,0.5、1 mg·mL^(-1)硫酸多黏菌素B成品输液和5 mg·mL^(-1)硫酸多黏菌素B储备液均稳定,多黏菌素B1和多黏菌素B2含量和0 h(以100%计)比较,分别在97.23%~102.63%和97.30%~102.63%范围内。结论硫酸多黏菌素B溶于0.9%氯化钠注射液及5%葡萄糖注射液,0.5、1和5 mg·mL^(-1)溶液在4和25℃储存,24 h内稳定性良好。

黏细菌A96-1产埃博霉素B的鉴定及其发酵培养基优化

目的 筛选埃博霉素B产生菌,并优化发酵培养基,以提高发酵产量。方法 利用高效液相色谱法和薄层色谱法对次级代谢产物进行分析鉴定,从实验室保存的菌库中筛选出埃博霉素B产生菌,再通过单因素实验和正交试验优化发酵培养基成分。结果 获得1株产埃博霉素B的黏细菌A96-1,采用优化后的发酵培养基:马铃薯淀粉6 g/L,玉米浆干粉2 g/L,CaCl_22 g/L,MgSO_4·7H_2O 3 g/L,微量元素溶液1 mL/L,树脂添加量2%,埃博霉素B发酵产量为251.4 mg/L,较优化前提高了3.83倍。结论通过菌株筛选和优化的培养基大幅提高了埃博霉素B的产量,为今后其资源开发利用及产业化提供参考。

Optimizing the nickel boride layer thickness in a spectroelectrochemical ATR-FTIR thin-film flow cell applied in glycerol oxidation

The influence of the drop-casted nickel boride catalyst loading on glassy carbon electrodes was investigated in a spectroelectrochemical ATR-FTIR thin-film flow cell applied in alkaline glycerol electrooxidation.The continuously operated radial flow cell consisted of a borehole electrode positioned 50μm above an internal reflection element enabling operando FTIR spectroscopy.It is identified as a suitable tool for facile and reproducible screening of electrocatalysts under well-defined conditions,additionally providing access to the selectivities in complex reaction networks such as glycerol oxidation.The fast product identification by ATR-IR spectroscopy was validated by the more time-consuming quantitative HPLC analysis of the pumped electrolyte.High degrees of glycerol conversion were achieved under the applied laminar flow conditions using 0.1 M glycerol and 1 M KOH in water and a flow rate of 5μL min^(–1).Conversion and selectivity were found to depend on the catalyst loading,which determined the catalyst layer thickness and roughness.The highest loading of 210μg cm^(–2)resulted in 73%conversion and a higher formate selectivity of almost 80%,which is ascribed to longer residence times in rougher films favoring readsorption and C–C bond scission.The lowest loading of 13μg cm^(–2)was sufficient to reach 63%conversion,a lower formate selectivity of 60%,and,correspondingly,higher selectivities of C_(2)species such as glycolate amounting to 8%.Thus,only low catalyst loadings resulting in very thin films in the fewμm thickness range are suitable for reliable catalyst screening.

LayerLSB:基于分层局部敏感B树的最近邻搜索

最近邻搜索由于其广泛的应用已成为一个重要的研究课题。传统的空间索引结构,如R-tree和KD-tree,可以在低维空间中高效地返回准确的最近邻搜索结果,但不适用于高维空间。局部敏感B树(LSB)将数据点哈希到可排序的一维值,并将它们排列成树状结构,这在不影响结果质量的前提下极大地提高了传统局部敏感哈希(LSH)所需的空间和查询效率。但是,LSB并没有考虑到数据分布,它在均匀的数据分布设置中表现良好,但在数据倾斜时表现出了不稳定的性能。针对这个问题,文中提出了LayerLSB,通过探索哈希值的密度对密集范围内的哈希值进行重建,使其分布更均匀,从而提高查询效率。相比LSB,LayerLSB索引在数据分布方面变得更有针对性,并构建了多层结构,与简单的重新哈希方法相比,多层方法会通过仔细选择组数和哈希函数来保证搜索质量。实验结果表明,在达到相同查询精度的情况下,查询成本最多可降低为原来的44.6%。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定禽用饲料中苏丹红、罗丹明B和酸性橙Ⅱ等6种染色剂含量

本研究基于超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)结合QuEChERS快速净化方法,旨在建立禽用饲料中苏丹红等6种化工染料的定量分析方法。样品用乙腈提取,C_(18)+PSA净化材料净化,净化液经Hypersil GOLD C_(18)反向色谱柱分离,在电喷雾离子源(ESI)正、负离子双扫描模式下多反应监测(MRM),以标准曲线外标法定量。结果表明:6种化合物线性关系良好;相关系数(R^(2))>0.999,4种苏丹红和酸性橙Ⅱ检出限(LOD)为0.5μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为1.0μg/kg,罗丹明B LOD为0.05μg/kg,LOQ为0.1μg/kg。添加回收率为90%~110%,相对标准偏差<10%。本研究方法具有快速、灵敏等优势,可实现禽用饲料中6种化工染料的准确定量分析,为禽用饲料的质量安全提供技术参考。

Identification of Tibetan and Qiang Edible and Medicinal Herbs Cardamine tangutorum and Cardamine macrophylla

[Objectives]To study the original plants,characters,tissue structure,powder characteristics and thin-layer chromatography(TLC)characteristics of Cardamine tangutorum and Cardamine macrophylla as Tibetan and Qiang edible and medicinal herbs,and to provide the basis for the identification of C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla.[Methods]The identification of C.macrophyll and C.tangutorum was carried out by original plant identification,character identification,microscopic identification and TLC identification.[Results]C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla can be distinguished according to the shape of rhizome and stem,the difference of stem leaves and leaflets,and the difference of flower color;there is no obvious difference between the characteristics of the shape and the powder;the thin layer chromatography shows that in the thin layer chromatography of C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla,spots with the same color are shown on the corresponding positions of the ground part and the reference substance quercetin;the underground part and the position corresponding to the reference substanceβ-sitosterol all show the same color spots.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for the identification of C.tangutorum and C.macrophylla.

Identification of Xunxi Shujin Decoction by TLC

[Objectives]To establish a TLC qualitative method for the determination of Radix Aconiti,Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii,Caesalpinia sappan L.and Radix zanthoxyli.[Methods]TLC was used to study the quality of Radix Aconiti,Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii and C.sappan L.in Xunxi Shujin Decoction,and the influencing factors were investigated to optimize the TLC conditions.[Results]In the TLC identification test of Radix Aconiti,Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii,C.sappan L.and R.zanthoxyli in Xunxi Shujin Decoction,the spots were clear,the resolution was good,the specific value was moderate,the negative control was not disturbed,and the specificity was strong.[Conclusions]The established TLC method was simple,specific and reproducible,and could be used for the quality control of Xunxi Shujin Decoction.

超声法与闪式提取法提取刺五加中刺五加苷B的工艺对比研究

本试验采用正交试验优化超声法和闪式提取法提取刺五加中刺五加苷B的提取工艺,并对两种提取方法的最佳工艺进行对比研究。以刺五加苷B的提取率为评价指标,设计L_(9)(3^(4))超声法和闪式提取法的正交试验,以高效液相色谱法测定刺五加苷B的含量。结果显示:超声法提取率高于闪式提取法,最佳提取工艺为提取溶剂30%乙醇,超声功率200 W,提取时间0.75 h,料液比1:5(g/mL)。本研究可为刺五加在饲料领域的开发和利用提供参考。

Application of Thin Layer Chromatography in Preparation of Drug Containing Serum of Eucalyptus Oil

[Objectives] To explore whether the thin layer chromatography( TLC) can be used to guide the preparation of drug containing serum of eucalyptus oil. [Methods]Eucalyptus oil samples with different dilution ratio were detected by TLC. Eucalyptus oil was intragastrically administered to mice,serum samples of different eucalyptus oil doses,different intragastric administration methods and different blood sampling times were collected. The above samples were detected by TLC,and the above results were verified by gas chromatography. [Results] TLC can detect concentration difference of eucalyptus oil samples with different dilution ratio. TLC can provide qualitative and semi-quantitative detection of eucalyptus oil in serum. High,medium and low dose of eucalyptus oil in serum had different effects on the growth of MCF-7 cells in the SD rats( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions] TLC can be used to guide the preparation of drug containing serum of eucalyptus oil.