Chinese Experience in Industrial Development During the Forty Years of reform and opening-up

Over the past forty years of reform and opening-up,China's industry has sustained rapid and sound development and generated impressive achievements.Industrialization has entered the second half of its final stage.This experience of successful industrialization with Chinese characteristics constitutes an important component Chinese wisdom and Chinese approaches,and serves as a reference for other developing countries and countries in transition.The Chinese experience in industrial development during this period includes: progressively promoting industrial and economic system reform adapted to local circumstances; seizing the right moment to firmly integrate into the global system of labor division; pursuing the new path of industrialization featuring coordinated development of the "Five Pillars" in keeping up with the times; and developing an industrialization model with Chinese characteristics with concerted efforts of effective market and enabling government.

30 years of reform and opening up:experience and characteristics

This year marks the 30th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up program,which has brought about unprecedented achievements in the country’s three decades of rapid development. This issue contains three articles on the theme of this 30th anniversary,presenting insights on the past and present and prospects for the coming period. The current issue includes "China’s 30 years of reform and opening up:experiences and characteristics" by Prof. Chen Jiagui;"30 years of prosperity in China’s non-state economy" by Prof. Liu Yingqiu; and "The development of an open economy in China" by Prof. Pei Changhong. These articles evaluate the policies of the past three decades from different angles and looking at different facets,yet each with theoretical as well as practical signif icance. We believe that these historical reflections will steer China on an even more successful path of future reform and opening.

Far-Reaching Freedom and Increasing Prosperity——40 Years of Reform and Opening-up in China

SPEAKING about today＇s China, we are looking at an up-and-coming, dynamic and rapidly developing country whose econom- ic power has become a global benchmark. Some Chinese cutting-edge technologies are gradu- ally occupying the world market, Chinese consumer goods have become an integral part of the world＇s shopping centers, and Chinese travelers also domi- nate the tourism sector.

Evolution of the “Zhejiang Spirit” During the Forty Years of Reform and Opening-up

The "Zhejiang spirit" refers to a theoretical summary of the group consciousness, mental state, value orientation and ideological realm, which is, as a motivating power, owned and recognized by all Zhejiang people, and carries Zhejiang peculiarities. President Xi Jinping, during his term of office in Zhejiang, launched a number of seminars and activities to seek "a Zhejiang spirit that moves with the times." Forty years of reform and opening-up, the "Zhejiang spirit" has experienced an evolution that can be summarized as three improvements: from spontaneous formation to deliberate cultivation, from something limited to eastern Zhejiang to an integrating force that spans the entire Zhejiang Province, and from a mere existence to a role that functions adequately. The "Zhejiang spirit" is extracted from the humanistic spirits shaped in all corners of Zhejiang province. It is "an instrumental ensemble played across the entire province," and represents a certain judgment and interpretation. The "Zhejiang spirit" not only describes and summarizes the past and present, but will also guide and motivate the future, and support people in their enterprising and industrious practices to move with the times.

Asian and African Officials’ Views on China’s 40 Years of Reform and Opening-up

China＇s reform and opening-up policy, which started in 1978, has become more effective. The success of reform and opening-up has transformed China from a low-income country to one of the world＇s largest econo- mies today. In my view, the success of China＇s develop- ment lies in the country greatly reducing the number of people living in poverty. According to the World Bank, hundreds of millions of Chinese people have been lifted out of extreme poverty.

Improving Lives Forty years of reform and opening up helps drive poverty reduction in China and globally

Li Naluo still remembers how isolated and poor her native village was not so long ago： a few thatched huts,no roads or electricity, secluded in the mountains of south China＇s Yunnan Province. Who would have thought that a few years later, this poor village would rise like a phoenix from the ashes？

Uplifting a Nation China’s 40 years of reform and opening up has brought tangible benefits to its people and the world

Beijing resident Li Zhangzhe, 58, still keeps a pair of sunglasses he bought nearly 40 years ago.

Development during last 30 years' reform and opening up in China's printing,printing equipment and material industries(Ⅰ)

As the industry of knowledge diffusion and civilization spreading, printing industry has been paid much attention by Party and Government.

Development during last 30 years' reform and opening up in China's printing,printing equipment and material industries (Ⅱ)

Ⅳ.Development of Printing Technology i.16 characters guideline and 28 characters guidefine directed the development of China’s printing technology Mr.Fan Muhan chaired 16 characters guideline in September,1982,which includes laserphototypesetting,

Development during last 30 years' reform and opening up in China's printing,printing equipment and material industries(Ⅲ)

(connected to the last month’s Print China) V.Regional Economy Regional imbalance appeared in development of China’s printing industry because of impact of gov-

30-Year Reform and Opening up-Export Review(1978-2008)(Continued)

The year of 1994 was a milestone on a historical road of the textile trade development worldwide. The Final Act concluding the Uruguay Round and officially establishing the WTO regime was signed during ministerial meeting at Marrakesh, Morroco on the 15th of April, 1994, and hence is known as the Marrakesh Agreement. That marked a beginning of quota phase out. China has been on a resolute stance to trade restrictions and protectionism all through quota phase out and post-quota period and will continue to do so when safeguard deal terminates…

30-Year Reform and Opening up——Export Review(1978-2008)

This year marks 30th year commemoration of China's" reform and opening up" policy, the strategic decision made at the 3rd plenarysession of the national party congress' 11th central committee of Communist Party of China (CPC) in Dec. 1978. History made its way to the end of 1978. In December of that particular year, CPC leaders tapped on the table to decide to open up and reform this long-encapsulated country in a milestone conclusion. Thirty years elapsed. Like many other industrial sectors that benefited from this monumental decision, Chinese textile industry has undeniably been growing at a fantastic speed, and its export is on an unrivalled growth in phase...

Retrospective and Prospects for China’s International Educational Exchange in the 40th Anniversary Year of Reform and Opening Up

International exchange is an important part of China’s educational opening up,cooperation,and connection with other countries.It also serves as a unique strategic resource,helping to develop and consolidate mutual political trust,diplomatic exchange,economic and trade relations,cultural exchange and educational cooperation between China and other countries in the world,thereby enhancing China’s international image.We have seen positive contributions made to our progress towards peace among peoples,and noted the irreplaceable role played by China.International educational exchange is an important part of global international student flows.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,especially in the 40 years of reform and opening up,China has experienced a development process in education from language students to students at all levels and from quantity to quality.The change in the type of international students studying in China and of Chinese students studying abroad reflects the Chinese spirit and the broadening the appeal of China’s programs.It can be interpreted as the fulfillment of the“Chinese Dream,”contributing to national revitalization.The trade imbalance between exporting countries and destination countries in international educational exchange has been reduced.

中国乡村治理的经验与启示:1978—2023

改革开放40多年以来,中国乡村治理经历了从自治迈向共治的变迁,治理能力明显提升,现代化乡村治理模式基本建立,具体表现在以基层党建引领乡村治理取得较大进步、乡村治理制度体系不断完善、城乡融合及协同治理体系逐步形成。本文在分析中国乡村治理内涵和特点的基础上,梳理改革开放以来中国乡村治理的发展历程,并根据时代背景、治理目标、治理机制的不同将其划分为转型探索、快速建设、提质增效3个阶段。总结改革开放以来中国乡村治理的发展历程,可以得出四条基本经验:一是确保党的领导地位是重要基石,二是维护村民根本利益是必要前提,三是多元主体协同是主要治理模式,四是完善治理体系是内生动力。这些经过积累和实践的经验,对于未来深入实施乡村振兴战略,推动乡村治理,具有重要的战略指导意义。

改革开放30年我国体育产业发展回顾

梳理和分析改革开放30年我国体育产业发展阶段及其特征,回顾影响我国体育产业发展的重大事件,即体育产业概念的探讨深化了对体育产业的认识,体育场馆改革成为体育产业发展的切入点,足球改革成为竞技体育职业化的突破口,体育健身休闲会所成为体育产业发展的生力军,商业性国际体育赛事成为体育产业发展的推进器,体育中介服务成为体育产业发展的催化剂,体育用品博览会成为体育用品业的亮点,体育彩票成为体育产业的重要组成部分。在此基础上,阐述我国体育产业发展面临的机遇与挑战。

政策工具视角下中国体育科技政策改革:回顾与展望——基于1978—2018年体育科技政策的文本分析

改革开放以来,中国体育科技取得了突飞猛进的发展,体育科技政策体系逐步完善,体育科技创新活力不断增强,促进了我国体育事业的发展。为了清楚的梳理中国体育科技政策体系的发展历程和总结成功经验,构建了基于政策工具维度、体育领域维度和创新价值链维度的三维分析框架,对1978—2018年期间的23项国家层面体育科技政策进行分析。在改革开放40年间的中国体育科技政策中,政策工具维度方面表现在环境型政策工具使用最为频繁;在体育各领域方面,政策工具使用不均衡,竞技体育领域使用较多;在创新价值链维度方面,知识创新政策工具使用多,体育科研创新和产业化创新政策工具使用较少。建议今后适度降低环境型政策工具的使用频率,加强需求型政策工具和供给型政策工具的使用;平衡各领域政策工具的使用,特别是要对群众体育和体育产业给予一定的政策保障,促进全民健康的实现和体育产业的平稳健康发展,保证各领域共同进步;提高体育科技政策工具与创新价值链的匹配度,在鼓励知识创新的同时,更加注重体育科研创新和产业化创新,使产学研更好的结合。

改革开放30年我国体育产业研究的总体述评

运用文献资料研究、逻辑分析以及专家访谈等方法,通过搜集整理改革开放30年我国体育产业研究的各类文献,归纳出我国体育产业研究的研究视角的多维性、研究方法和理论的交叉性,以及研究成果的应用性等主要特点,分析认为存在研究方法科学性不够、研究的系统性与深度缺乏,以及基础理论研究相对薄弱等主要问题,在此基础上提出我国体育产业研究应与多学科理论与研究方法融合、重点研究领域的转移,以及增强与实践的互动等的未来趋势展望。

改革开放30年就业政策与实践探析

就业政策是党和国家政策的重要组成部分,它关系到广大人民群众的工作、生活状况和社会的稳定。改革开放以来,随着经济社会的不断发展,就业政策也不断进行着调整和完善。回顾改革开放以来我国就业政策的发展,认真思考其实践影响,对于我们在新时期条件下进一步完善就业政策,推动就业实践的发展具有重要意义。

改革开放40年我国学校体育改革与发展的政策审思

学校体育政策是国家管理学校体育事业的基本工具和基本手段,审视学校体育的改革与发展,政策是一个不可缺席的考察维度。运用文献资料研究、历史回溯和逻辑分析等方法,对40年来我国学校体育政策的发展历程进行回顾检视,进而分析政策发展的特征、取得的成效、存在的问题,并提出政策建议。在政策发展特征方面:1)党和政府高度重视青少年健康成长和学校体育政策的制定,充分彰显了学校体育政策的权威性;2)遵循渐进式的政策演进之路,较好地保持了学校体育政策的继承性、稳定性;3)精英决策与民众参与相结合,学校体育政策过程的科学化、民主化水平得到显著提高。一系列政策的出台和实施,有效地引领、推进了各个阶段我国学校体育工作的重建、改进、完善和深化,促进了学校体育的改革与发展,彰显了政策的积极功能与成效。但"要素驱动式"的政策生成逻辑,一定程度上制约了改革的整体性推进;"政策执行难"的问题长期存在,导致改革进展和实效难如预期;自上而下的"外推型"政策推进模式权威高效,但基层实践者参与改革的内生动力不足;政策运行的社会性品质阙如,改革缺乏充分的社会性支撑与协同;政策监测与评估机制不够完善,一定程度上削弱了改革的科学性与实效性。建议继续加强学校体育政策研究,通过强化政策统筹治理,进一步提升政策实施的民主化水平,逐步完善社会支持系统,加快推进新型智库建设以及进一步完善"知策-治策-行策"三位一体的政策主体间共生互动机制等系列措施,更加科学地制定学校体育政策,更为扎实地推进政策落实,为新时代学校体育事业的新发展提供更为有力的政策保障。

改革开放30年我国学校体育取得的主要突破与问题

改革开放30年我国学校体育在推进素质教育的过程中取得多方突破,表现为:体育教学指导思想从"体质教育论"到"健康第一";课程目标从"目的任务"到"教学目标"、从一维生物观到三维体育观;体育教学内容(或教材)的选择从竞技运动项目到体育文化观;从单一体育教学模式到多模式体育教学;从"师道尊严"到建立民主、平等、合作的师生关系;体育教学方法从"教法"到"学法";从拿来主义到本土化;学校体育从局部改革到整体改革;从"体锻达标"到"健康达标"。然而,在取得成就的同时,也存在一定的问题。