Enhancing Multicriteria-Based Recommendations by Alleviating Scalability and Sparsity Issues Using Collaborative Denoising Autoencoder

A Recommender System(RS)is a crucial part of several firms,particularly those involved in e-commerce.In conventional RS,a user may only offer a single rating for an item-that is insufficient to perceive consumer preferences.Nowadays,businesses in industries like e-learning and tourism enable customers to rate a product using a variety of factors to comprehend customers’preferences.On the other hand,the collaborative filtering(CF)algorithm utilizing AutoEncoder(AE)is seen to be effective in identifying user-interested items.However,the cost of these computations increases nonlinearly as the number of items and users increases.To triumph over the issues,a novel expanded stacked autoencoder(ESAE)with Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering(KFCM)technique is proposed with two phases.In the first phase of offline,the sparse multicriteria rating matrix is smoothened to a complete matrix by predicting the users’intact rating by the ESAE approach and users are clustered using the KFCM approach.In the next phase of online,the top-N recommendation prediction is made by the ESAE approach involving only the most similar user from multiple clusters.Hence the ESAE_KFCM model upgrades the prediction accuracy of 98.2%in Top-N recommendation with a minimized recommendation generation time.An experimental check on the Yahoo!Movies(YM)movie dataset and TripAdvisor(TA)travel dataset confirmed that the ESAE_KFCM model constantly outperforms conventional RS algorithms on a variety of assessment measures.

Mindfulness and mindful parenting:Strategies for preschoolers with behavioral issues

The behavior issues of preschoolers are closely related to their parents'parenting styles.This editorial discusses the value and strategies for solving behavior issues in preschoolers from the perspectives of mindfulness and mindful parenting.We expect that upcoming studies will place greater emphasis on the behavioral concerns of preschoolers and the parenting practices that shape them,particularly focusing on proactive interventions for preschoolers'behavioral issues.

Leveraging User-Generated Comments and Fused BiLSTM Models to Detect and Predict Issues with Mobile Apps

In the last decade, technical advancements and faster Internet speeds have also led to an increasing number ofmobile devices and users. Thus, all contributors to society, whether young or old members, can use these mobileapps. The use of these apps eases our daily lives, and all customers who need any type of service can accessit easily, comfortably, and efficiently through mobile apps. Particularly, Saudi Arabia greatly depends on digitalservices to assist people and visitors. Such mobile devices are used in organizing daily work schedules and services,particularly during two large occasions, Umrah and Hajj. However, pilgrims encounter mobile app issues such asslowness, conflict, unreliability, or user-unfriendliness. Pilgrims comment on these issues on mobile app platformsthrough reviews of their experiences with these digital services. Scholars have made several attempts to solve suchmobile issues by reporting bugs or non-functional requirements by utilizing user comments.However, solving suchissues is a great challenge, and the issues still exist. Therefore, this study aims to propose a hybrid deep learningmodel to classify and predict mobile app software issues encountered by millions of pilgrims during the Hajj andUmrah periods from the user perspective. Firstly, a dataset was constructed using user-generated comments fromrelevant mobile apps using natural language processing methods, including information extraction, the annotationprocess, and pre-processing steps, considering a multi-class classification problem. Then, several experimentswere conducted using common machine learning classifiers, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Long Short-TermMemory (LSTM), and Convolutional Neural Network Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) architectures, toexamine the performance of the proposed model. Results show 96% in F1-score and accuracy, and the proposedmodel outperformed the mentioned models.

Identifying influencing factors and characterizing key issues in urban sustainable development capacity through machine learning

In response to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and China’s“Dual Carbon”Goals(DCGs means the goals of“Carbon Peak and carbon neutrality”),this paper from the perspective of the construction of China’s Innovation Demonstration Zones for Sustainable Development Agenda(IDZSDAs),combines carbon emission-related metrics to construct a comprehensive assessment system for Urban Sustainable Development Capacity(USDC).After obtaining USDC assessment results through the assessment system,an approach combining Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)regression and Random Forest(RF)based on machine learning is proposed for identifying influencing factors and characterizing key issues.Combining Coupling Coordination Degree(CCD)analysis,the study further summarizes the systemic patterns and future directions of urban sustainable development.A case study on the IDZSDAs from 2015 to 2022 reveals that:(1)the combined identification method based on machine learning and CCD models effectively quantifies influencing factors and key issues in the urban sustainable development process;(2)the correspondence between influencing factors and key subsystems identified by the LASSO-RF combination model is generally consistent with the development situations in various cities;and(3)the machine learning-based combined recognition method is scalable and dynamic.It enables decision-makers to accurately identify influencing factors and characterize key issues based on actual urban development needs.

Comparative Study on the Policy of Multiplicity Issues in Clinical Trials at Home and Abroad

Objective To study the content of China’s guiding principles on multiplicity issues in clinical trials,and to provide reference for the revision of China’s relevant guiding principles.Methods Based on ICH E9,the similarities and differences of the guiding principles of US Food and Drug Administration(FDA),European Medicines Agency(EMA),and National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)on the multiplicity issues in clinical trials were compared one by one.Results and Conclusion In general,NMPA guidelines are based on ICH E9,but in detail,the guidelines of FDA and EMA focus differently on the multiplicity issues.Therefore,NMPA guidelines need to be detailed and comprehensive.NMPA guidelines can be refined by referring to foreign guidelines to improve the practical guiding significance for clinical research and promote the level of domestic clinical trials in line with international standards.

Anode Interfacial Issues in Solid-State Li Batteries:Mechanistic Understanding and Mitigating Strategies

All-solid-state Li metal batteries(ASSLBs)using inorganic solid electrolyte(SE)are considered promising alternatives to conventional Li-ion batteries,offering improved safety and boosted energy density.While significant progress has been made on improving the ionic conductivity of SEs,the degradation and instability of Li metal/inorganic SE interfaces have become the critical challenges that limit the coulombic efficiency,power performance,and cycling stability of ASSLBs.Understanding the mechanisms of complex/dynamic interfacial phenomena is of great importance in addressing these issues.Herein,recent studies on identifying,understanding,and solving interfacial issues on anode side in ASSLBs are comprehensively reviewed.Typical issues at Li metal/SE interface include Li dendrite growth/propagation,SE cracking,physical contact loss,and electrochemical reactions,which lead to high interfacial resistance and cell failure.The causes of these issues relating to the chemical,physical,and mechanical properties of Li metal and SEs are systematically discussed.Furthermore,effective mitigating strategies are summarized and their effects on suppressing interfacial reactions,improving interfacial Li-ion transport,maintaining interfacial contact,and stabilizing Li plating/stripping are highlighted.The in-depth mechanistic understanding of interfacial issues and complete investigations on current solutions provide foundations and guidance for future research and development to realize practical application of high-performance ASSLB.

Psychological Issues among Women Undergoing Fertility Treatment in a Specialist Fertility Hospital, South East Nigeria

Introduction: In Nigeria, a major reason for marriage is procreation and married couples look forward to having children within a year or two of marriage. The inability to achieve conception and subsequently have a child among couples may lead to psychological complications. Objective: This study assessed the psychological impact of infertility and its management on women receiving treatment at a Fertility Specialist Hospital in a poor resource setting. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 376 consenting married women who sought and received fertility treatment at a private Fertility Specialist Hospital, located at Abakaliki, South-East Nigeria between May 1, 2017 and May 31, 2022. Socio-demographic and Structured questionnaires were administered to the participants over a 5-year period. Results: The mean age of the women at presentation was 36.9 (±7.2 SD) years. The majority of the women (227) presented with secondary infertility accounting for 60.4%, while the rest had primary infertility (χ2 = 16.18, P = 0.001). Male-only factor infertility accounted for 22.9% of all the infertility cases, female-only factor 21.3% while both (male and female factors co-existing) accounted for 52.7% of all the cases. The commonest cause of infertility in the study was poor sperm parameters (176) accounting for 46.8% of cases, tubal factor 19.1% and anovulatory factor 22.3% (χ2 = 214.21, P = 0.001). Three hundred and thirty four (88.8%) felt depressed, 266 (70.7%) felt guilty about the past, and 222 (59.0%) had suicidal tendencies because of the infertility ordeal. Two hundred and fifty one (66.8%) felt inferior, 237 (63.0%) cried often and 174 (46.3%) were socially withdrawn. However, 10.4% of the women felt satisfied and well. These negative psychological feelings were statistically significant. Concerning the effect on marriage, the closeness of couples was reduced significantly in 57.7%, 62.8% had reduced coital intimacy, 79.3% had frequent quarrel and misunderstanding, 27.9% had threats of divorce while 4.5% had actually divorced and 11.% separated. However, there was no negative effect of infertility in 8.8% of couples. Conclusion: Psychological issues associated with infertility and its management in women include feelings of depression, guilt feelings, suicidal ideation, weeping episodes, social withdrawal, feelings of inferiority, reduced libido, and poverty of intimacy with frequent quarrels and misunderstanding. Women appear to bear more of the psychological issues associated with infertility. Early marriage on the part of the women, preservation of their reproductive youthful ages, and a better understanding of the concept of infertility by the couple will not only reduce the prevalence of infertility but will also reduce the dangerous psychological issues associated with infertility.

Meaning in Life and Mental Health Issues in Older Adults:A Meta-Analysis

This study aims to be the first to use meta-analysis to explore the relationship between meaning in life(MIL)and mental health issues among older adults.A meta-analysis was conducted using six databases,resulting in 16 studies with 5,074 participants in total.The“metacor”and“forestplot”packages in R-Studio were used for data analysis.The total effect was calculated using a random-effects model,with I2=86%in the heterogeneity test.The results showed a moderate negative correlation between MIL and mental health issues among older adults,with an average effect of−0.37.Five potential moderating variables were examined:the conceptualization of MIL(value vs.purpose),region(Asian vs.Western countries),residence status(community vs.nursing home vs.hospital),types of mental health issues,and evaluation methods(clinical vs.non-clinical).The first four had no significant moderating effect.The mean correlation coefficients between mental health issues and value/purpose were−0.49/−0.33;the mean correlation coefficients in Asian countries and Western countries were−0.48 and−0.34;the mean correlation coefficients among participants living in community/nursing home/mixed status were−0.33/−0.40/−0.40;the mean correlation coefficients between MIL and depression/others were−0.37/−0.35;however,the negative relationship between MIL and mental health issues was stronger when non-clinical evaluations(self-report only)were used.Specifically,the mean correlation coefficient for non-clinical evaluations was−0.42 and for clinical evaluations was−0.29.This study is the first meta-analysis to identify the negative correlation between older adults’MIL and mental health issues.Significant moderating effects of evaluation methods were found.

数字赋能文旅深度融合的理论逻辑与研究框架

数字赋能文旅深度融合既是数字经济时代文旅发展的重要方式,又是文旅研究的重要课题。文章在阐述文旅深度融合内涵的基础上,探究了数字赋能文旅深度融合的基本逻辑,认为数字技术嵌入支撑文旅数字化,促进文旅信息融合化,带来文旅产业新变革,形成文旅共生体和数字文旅新形态。从理论研究、数字赋能和融合实践3个维度,初步构建了数字赋能文旅深度融合的研究框架,强调要创新性地运用文旅IP理论、融合共生理论、文旅场景理论、产业演化理论、系统动力学等理论,阐释文旅融合学理及其内在逻辑、演化过程和动力机制,深化文旅深度融合主要科学问题研究。文章提出要把握数字赋能文旅融合的关键技术、文旅资源普查与评价、文旅融合场景建构、文旅产业融合创新生态体系、国家文化公园与文旅融合示范区建设、科技创新与数字文旅人才培养等关键问题,推动文旅融合应用实践和学术研究持续创新,更好地服务于新时代中国式现代化建设和文旅高质量发展。

中国式现代化背景下文化和旅游融合发展的五重逻辑与重要议题

文化和旅游现代化是中国式现代化的组成部分,推进文化和旅游融合发展是现阶段建设文化强国和旅游强国的重要任务。要解决当前文化和旅游融合发展中存在的价值导向不突出、推进方式碎片化、市场体系不健全、治理水平不高、学理支撑不强等问题,须将文化和旅游及其融合发展置于中国式现代化的整体格局和历史进程中加以理解、审视和推进。文章在扼要梳理中国式现代化以及文化和旅游融合研究进展的基础上,论述了中国式现代化背景下推进文化和旅游融合发展的价值逻辑、历史逻辑、系统逻辑、实践逻辑和理论逻辑,并结合中国式现代化的总体要求与推进文化和旅游深度融合发展的现实需要,提出当前和未来一段时期亟须重点关注的8个重要议题。

条带状铁建造的原始矿物组成:进展与问题

原生矿物信息作为前寒武纪条带状铁建造(BIF)研究的最基本命题,是研究BIF成矿规律及其早期地球环境效应的基础。长期以来,将低级变质且保存部分原始矿物及沉积结构的BIF作为研究对象,进而追踪BIF的原始矿物组成与后期演变过程一直是科学家们关心的关键问题。目前,关于BIF原始矿物组成主要有三种认识:三价铁的氢氧化物、铁硅酸盐(成分类似于铁蛇纹石和黑硬绿泥石)和绿锈。其中,绿锈为含二价和三价铁的过渡态化合物,仅可见于局部缺氧环境。由于绿锈的亚稳态性质,对于其在类似于前寒武纪的富硅海洋条件下转变成何种矿物及相关转变的具体途径仍不清楚。因而,当前关于原始铁质矿物的争议主要存在于三价铁的氢氧化物和铁硅酸盐之间,由此引发的对BIF成矿理论及其对古环境指示意义的理解也存在较大分歧。本文系统回顾和评述了近年来BIF原始矿物组成研究的重要进展;在此基础上,认为三价铁的氢氧化物应是BIF最为主要的原始矿物,其次为铁硅酸盐矿物,二者可能在地质历史时间和空间分布上具有差异性。然而,支持铁硅酸盐原始成因的现有证据主要为经典的岩相学特征,急需更多元素和同位素地球化学等方面的佐证。BIF中现有铁质矿物组合应是原始沉淀物在成岩-变质作用条件下发生转变的产物,相较于成岩早期的菱铁矿,磁铁矿可能形成时间偏晚,究竟是生物-有机质成因抑或是菱铁矿的热化学分解成因亟待深入探讨。在此背景下,同时考虑到华北作为国际上BIF的重要产区,且发育不同变质级别的太古宙末期BIF,可能完整记录了BIF的全部历程。因此,可立足于华北,在已有的初步工作基础上,深度挖掘,力图为BIF矿物成因演变规律提供进一步约束,极大深化和推动我国BIF的成因研究。

中国式乡村治理现代化的重要关系问题

为实现中国式现代化的战略目标,乡村治理现代化是必要的动力和重要的支撑。变革和创新乡村治理以促进农业农村农民的现代化发展,必须结合中国国情和实际需要,科学合理地应对和协调城镇化与乡村振兴、公共管理与村民自治、保护与发展、耕地保护与制度创新、农业与非农化、先富与共同富裕之间的关系问题。重视并处理好这六大重要关系问题,一方面可规避单向度发展,另一方面可避免政策与实践的二元对立,从而有效推进中国式乡村治理现代化。

地缘政治视域下中国参与亚运会历程中的重要议题及杭州亚运会的时代成就

已经胜利落幕的杭州亚运会是在中国境内举办的第3届亚运会。采用文献资料法与历史研究法,回顾中国的亚运会参与史,进一步分析亚运会与亚洲地缘政治格局和体育格局的互动影响后发现,参与亚运会是中国走向世界体育、参与国际体育事务的重要桥梁;是中国施展体育外交坚实且富有弹性的“第一步”,是推动亚洲地缘关系,巩固在亚地位的重要渠道;是处理两岸关系的重要场域。在两个大局背景下,杭州亚运会在加强中国与亚洲国家的联系,促进亚洲国家的交流与团结,树立“可亲可爱”的中国形象,宣传“心心相融”的在亚外交倡议,推动两岸交流,夯实和平统一基础等方面体现出重要的时代价值,并为中国以体育促外交的未来发展提出新的议题。

海洋渔业捕捞法律问题研究

海洋渔业捕捞事关海洋自然生态系统平衡和国家粮食安全。当前我国海洋渔业捕捞产业发展迅速,市场前景广阔,但仍面临一些问题亟待解决。文章分析了我国海洋渔业捕捞及相关法律发展现状,针对捕捞许可证制度存在缺陷,限额捕捞制度可操作性不强,“一刀切”伏季休渔制度缺乏科学性等系列问题,提出了发展建议:①完善捕捞许可证制度的限制管理措施,强化监管力度,提高准入门槛;②增加具有可操作性的限额捕捞法律规定,建立海洋渔业总可捕捞量数据库,建立相应的政府财政补贴制度;③借鉴加拿大、美国等海洋渔业发达国家先进经验完善伏季休渔制度。

加快建设教育强国的语境分析与战略推进

新形势下,加快建设教育强国,要明确当前教育发展的战略语境,找准教育发展的现实起点,回应教育发展的主要矛盾,在战略上主动、在效果上现实地服务全面建设社会主义现代化国家的目标指向。要从多端多维加快建设教育强国,建设教育事业强国、教育服务强国、教育投入强国、教育治理强国、教育学术强国、教育生态强国。要明确加快建设教育强国的推进逻辑,坚持建设教育强国“双优先”的战略定位,同步提高教育投入水平与办学效率,高度重视教育的溢出效应与办学主体的激励相容,科学布局各级教育发展主导任务的价值位序,充分释放人人成才教育与英才教育的发展红利。

三维成矿预测关键问题

三维成矿预测是当前深部找矿预测和勘查的重要方法和手段,其方法体系和实践应用均已取得大量成果,但同时存在若干关键科学技术问题,导致其进一步发展受到制约。本文从多尺度三维成矿预测方法体系不完善、不确定性分析与优化研究薄弱、三维成矿预测要素挖掘存在瓶颈、缺少针对三维成矿预测的三维深度学习模型和方法等关键问题出发,对目前三维成矿预测领域相关方面的研究进展进行综合分析,并提出针对上述关键问题可能的解决方案和研究方向。预期未来三维成矿预测领域的研究工作将创新发展出多种方法,实现对三维预测信息的深度挖掘;构建形成适用的三维深度学习模型和训练方法,有效增强三维成矿预测结果的预测能力;通过系统性地开展三维成矿预测不确定性研究,进一步优化预测过程和结果,有效提高三维成矿预测方法的可靠性和准确性;形成面向多尺度三维成矿预测的方法体系,更有效地指导矿集区-矿田-勘查区块(矿床)等不同级别的深部矿产资源找矿勘查工作。相关关键问题的解决将进一步深化和完善三维成矿预测理论和方法体系,促进三维成矿预测理论方法的实践应用,显著提升深部找矿预测和勘查工作的效率与水平,助力深部找矿突破。

欧盟社会性科学议题开放教学资源的设计与应用——以ENGAGE科学教育项目为例

创新驱动发展是21世纪科学教育面临的重要挑战之一。欧洲教育委员会在“负责任的研究与创新”的价值引领下,开展了一系列基于社会性科学议题教学的相关项目研究,其中ENGAGE项目的影响力最为深远,该项目聚焦6-8年级阶段学生认知,开发了覆盖物理、化学、地理和生物等领域的30个教学案例,结合5E教学模式,关注多维目标整合;重视负责任的科学研究与创新,基于探究实践、论证推理等科学实践活动组织教学内容;在评价上注重学生学习过程的评价。针对我国科学教育义务教育阶段课程标准的要求,在开发社会性科学议题教学资源时需锚定新兴领域,主题筛选聚焦社会性科学议题内涵特征;围绕课程需要制定教学目标,关注大概念和多维探究技能融合;要基于学生认知规律和科学探究组织灵活性、可行性的教学内容;实时做好追踪记录,侧重学生的学习过程评价。同时在借鉴国外开放教学资源时,要根据本土实际作出适合与我国社会主义核心价值体系相一致的调整,有选择性地筛选并能结合本土案例的适宜主题,围绕课程和教学要求制定教学目标和教学策略,合理规划教学实践活动并及时反思改进教学案例。

技术伦理视域下美国教育人工智能伦理问题审视:现实表征与规避策略

教育人工智能是一种新兴技术,在凸显其优越性的同时逐渐显现出诸多技术伦理问题。美国作为教育人工智能技术的先驱国家,其教育人工智能技术伦理问题表征和规避策略更具典型性。美国教育人工智能在使用过程中出现各种偏见、歧视:智能系统出现错误和技术漏洞时追责困难;海量数据搜集会侵犯学生多种权利;学生长时间使用智能系统可能面临发展障碍,出现“成事”与“成人”的价值冲突。为规避教育人工智能伦理风险,美国制定了教育人工智能相关标准,加强教育人工智能算法监管,出台数据保护指南和法案,并规范智能技术在教育中的应用。我国应借鉴美国教育人工智能伦理问题的治理策略,制定和完善教育人工智能相应政策,建立贯穿全生命周期的全员联动监管机制,研制教育人工智能伦理框架,培养和提升师生的人工智能素养。

我国食用菌产业发展面临的重大科学问题和技术问题

国家食用菌产业技术体系、中国农学会食用菌分会在2022年发起了一次征集我国食用菌学科建设的重大科学问题和产业发展的重大技术问题的活动,这次活动受到食用菌学术界和产业界的广泛关注,激发了我国食用菌学术界和产业界对食用菌产业实现高质量发展需要解决的重大问题的集体思考。征集活动最终产生了十大科学问题和十大技术问题,本文回顾征集活动的过程,并详细报告相关科学问题和技术问题的征集内容,希望为广大科研人员、企业家、管理者提供参考。

政策试验的议题情景与多重功能——基于相对集中行政许可权改革的考察

政策试验是中国改革的常用话语叙事,各级领导人对政策创新的试验路径均给予肯定。政策试验通过局部地区的试点开展,构建议题学习网络,增进多主体互动,利用各方知识开展认知学习,从而推进政策创新与治理变革。从不确定性的视角,提出政策试验的“议题情景—功能定位”分析模型,区分政策试验的四种类型,即生成型试验、测试型试验、倡导型试验、拓展型试验,并分析不同试验类型的功能定位。生成型试验适用于深度不确定性的决策议题,政策干预的选项及价值具有不确定性,决策系统提出概念性质的愿景目标,传递出新信号,鼓励地方政府开展创新探索,将愿景目标转化为操作方案;测试型试验适用于政策干预的内部效度具有不确定性、决策系统已经确定的政策选项,通过局部试点进行评估学习;倡导型试验针对外部效度的不确定性,通过在更大范围内开展试验,从差异性中总结经验教训,进一步校准政策工具;拓展型试验针对内部和外部效度已经得到检验的政策工具,决策系统通过议题再建构,将新理念、新工具拓展到更广泛的应用场景。考察相对集中行政许可权的改革历程发现,相对集中行政许可权改革经历了地方创新、多方参与、扩大试点、议题再定位的演化历程,发挥了方案生成、效果检验、经验推广、治理变革等多重功能,这些功能互相衔接,共同构成了政策试验的功能图谱。在改革过程中,多方主体之间具有持续的互动学习,经由概念学习将模糊目标转化为创新方案,经由评估学习、示范学习、迭代学习,将地方探索的成功经验纳入国家政策。研究表明,政策议题的不确定性对试验模式的选择具有直接影响,政策试验的组织模式及功能定位在不同阶段具有差异性。