Research on the Innovative Decisions of Supermarket Private Brands and Designated Manufacturers

One of the core competencies of a supermarket lies in its branding.With the continuous development of the market economy and the ongoing evolution of consumer demand,private brands have progressively emerged as significant contributors to supermarket growth.However,a pivotal developmental challenge for supermarkets is navigating the innovative decision-making process between private brands and designated manufacturers.This paper aims to investigate the innovative decisions between private brands and designated manufacturers,along with the relevant promotional strategies employed during entry into the United States market.

A Building Information Modeling-Life Cycle Cost Analysis Integrated Model to Enhance Decisions Related to the Selection of Construction Methods at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to perform real-time evaluations to explore various design options. However, when integrated with LCCA, BIM provides a comprehensive economic perspective that helps stakeholders understand the long-term financial implications of design decisions. This study presents a methodology for developing a model that seamlessly integrates BIM and LCCA during the conceptual design stage of buildings. This integration allows for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the design process, ensuring that the development aligns with the principles of low carbon emissions by employing modular construction, 3D concrete printing methods, and different building design alternatives. The model considers the initial construction costs in addition to all the long-term operational, maintenance, and salvage values. It combines various tools and data through different modules, including energy analysis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to execute a comprehensive assessment of the financial implications of a specific design option throughout the lifecycle of building projects. The development of the said model and its implementation involves the creation of a new plug-in for the BIM tool (i.e., Autodesk Revit) to enhance its functionalities and capabilities in forecasting the life-cycle costs of buildings in addition to generating associated cash flows, creating scenarios, and sensitivity analyses in an automatic manner. This model empowers designers to evaluate and justify their initial investments while designing and selecting potential construction methods for buildings, and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions by assessing different design alternatives based on long-term financial considerations during the early stages of design.

Decision model and algorithm for traffic rescue resource dispatching on expressway

In order to solve the problems of potential incident rescue on expressway networks, the opportunity cost-based method is used to establish a resource dispatch decision model. The model aims to dispatch the rescue resources from the regional road networks and to obtain the location of the rescue depots and the numbers of service vehicles assigned for the potential incidents. Due to the computational complexity of the decision model, a scene decomposition algorithm is proposed. The algorithm decomposes the dispatch problem from various kinds of resources to a single resource, and determines the original scene of rescue resources based on the rescue requirements and the resource matrix. Finally, a convenient optimal dispatch scheme is obtained by decomposing each original scene and simplifying the objective function. To illustrate the application of the decision model and the algorithm, a case of the expressway network is studied on areas around Nanjing city in China and the results show that the model used and the algorithm proposed are appropriate.

超级决策软件(Super Decisions)在体育综合评价中的应用研究

通过教练员能力综合评价案例,运用网络分析法(ANP法)构建指标框架,使用Super Decision软件计算指标权重,为Super Deci-sions和(ANP法)更好地应用于体育综合评价提供参考。

石竹科技与CRYSTAL DECISIONS携手开拓中国市场

世界上领先的信息管理软件公司Crystal Decisions宣布与石竹科技正式签定合作协议，共同在中国市场推广其企业报表、分析和信息交付解决方案。

Sequential maneuvering decisions based on multi-stage influence diagram in air combat

A multi-stage influence diagram is used to model the pilot＇s sequential decision making in one on one air combat. The model based on the multi-stage influence diagram graphically describes the elements of decision process, and contains a point-mass model for the dynamics of an aircraft and takes into account the decision maker＇s preferences under uncertain conditions. Considering an active opponent, the opponent＇s maneuvers can be modeled stochastically. The solution of multistage influence diagram can be obtained by converting the multistage influence diagram into a two-level optimization problem. The simulation results show the model is effective.

Disaster Reduction Decision Support System Against Debris Flows and Landslides Along Highway in Mountainous Area

Highways in mountainous areas are easy to be damaged by such natural disasters as debris flows and landslides and disaster reduction decision support system (DRDSS) is one of the important means to mitigate these disasters. Guided by the theories and technologies of debris flow and landslide reduction and supported by geographical information system (GIS), remote sensing and database techniques, a DRDSS against debris flow and landslide along highways in mountainous areas has been established on the basis of such principles as pertinence, systematicness, effectiveness, easy to use, open and expandability. The system consists of database, disaster analysis models and decisions on reduction of debris flows and landslides, mainly functioning to zone disaster dangerous degree, analyze debris flow activity, simulate debris flow deposition and diffusion, analyze landslide stability, select optimal highway renovation scheme and plan disaster prevention and control engineering. This system has been applied successfully to the debris flow and landslide treatment works along Palongzangbu Section of Sichuan-Tibet Highway.

Intelligent Decisions Modeling for Energy Saving in Lifts:An Application for Kleemann Hellas Elevators

The present work proposes a methodological approach for modeling decisions regarding energy reduction in an elevator. This is achieved with the integration of existing as well as acquired knowledge, in a decision module implemented in the electronics of an elevator. So far, elevators do not exploit information regarding their recent usage. In the developed system decisions are driven based on information arising from monitoring the use of the elevator. Monitoring provides various records of usage which consequently are used to predict elevator’s future usage and to adapt accordingly its functioning. Till now, there are only elevators that encompass in their electronics algorithms with if then rules in order to control elevator’s functioning. However, these if then rules are based only on good practice knowledge of similar elevators installed in similar buildings. Even this knowledge which unavoidably is associated with uncertainty is not encoded in a mathematically consisted way in the algorithms. The design, the implementation and a first pilot evaluation study of an elevator’s intelligent decision module are presented. The study concludes that the presented application sufficiently reduces energy consumption through properly controlled functioning.

Impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions:Evidence from low-income regions in China

This study examines the impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions,using survey data collected from low-income regions in China.Given farmers decide themselves whether to cultivate cash crops,an endogenous treatment regression model that accounts for potential selection bias issue is used to analyze the data.The empirical results show that cash crop cultivation exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on household income,but it does not affect household migration decisions significantly.The disaggregated analyses reveal that cash crop cultivation significantly increases farm income but decreases off-farm income.

Attributes reduct and decision rules optimization based on maximal tolerance classification in incomplete information systems with fuzzy decisions

A new approach to knowledge acquisition in incomplete information system with fuzzy decisions is proposed. In such incomplete information system, the universe of discourse is classified by the maximal tolerance classes, and fuzzy approximations are defined based on them. Three types of relative reducts of maximal tolerance classes are then proposed, and three types of fuzzy decision rules based on the proposed attribute description are defined. The judgment theorems and approximation discernibility functions with respect to them are presented to compute the relative reduct by using Boolean reasoning techniques, from which we can derive optimal fuzzy decision rules from the systems. At last, three types of relative reducts of the system and their computing methods are given.

Travel time prediction model of freeway based on gradient boosting decision tree

To investigate the travel time prediction method of the freeway, a model based on the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) is proposed. Eleven variables (namely, travel time in current period T i , traffic flow in current period Q i , speed in current period V i , density in current period K i , the number of vehicles in current period N i , occupancy in current period R i , traffic state parameter in current period X i , travel time in previous time period T i -1 , etc.) are selected to predict the travel time for 10 min ahead in the proposed model. Data obtained from VISSIM simulation is used to train and test the model. The results demonstrate that the prediction error of the GBDT model is smaller than those of the back propagation (BP) neural network model and the support vector machine (SVM) model. Travel time in current period T i is the most important variable among all variables in the GBDT model. The GBDT model can produce more accurate prediction results and mine the hidden nonlinear relationships deeply between variables and the predicted travel time.

What factors affect physicians’ decisions to use an e-health care system?

Prior studies have not explored physician’s attitudes toward, and behavior and willingness to accept an e-health care system. However, physicians can induce demand for their services. The development of the high-tech asthma care mobile service (ACMS) in Taiwan provided a means of exploring key factors in a physician’s choice of using an ACMS. The study was based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and integrated “subjective norm,” “innovativeness,” and “managerial support” to understand and predict physicians’ attitudes and behavioral intentions toward adopting high-tech healthcare systems such as the ACMS. Of 700 questionnaires distributed to physicians with experience using ACMS, 504 completed returns were received (a 72% response rate). The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The results of the study showed that the model selected to explain and predict utilization of the ACMS had high explanatory power and was a good-fit model. The most critical factor that affected behavioral intentions related to ACMS was user attitude, followed by perceived usefulness, managerial support, subjective norm, perceived ease of use, and innovativeness.

Three-way group decision making with linguistic evaluations

Based on linguistic evaluations, a linguistic threeway decision method is proposed. First, the alternatives are rated in linguistic forms and divided into acceptance, rejection and uncertainty regions. Secondly, the linguistic three-way group decision steps are provided. Specifically, the experts determine the lower bound and upper bound of the uncertainty region, respectively. When the evaluation is superior to the upper bound, the corresponding alternative is put into the acceptance region directly. Similarly, when the evaluation is inferior to the lower bound, the corresponding alternative is put into the rejection region directly, and the remaining alternatives are put into the uncertain region. Moreover, the objects in the uncertainty region are especially discussed. The linguistic terms are transformed into fuzzy numbers and then aggregated. Finally, a recommendation example is provided to illustrate the practicality and validity of the proposed method.

An adaptive dwell time scheduling model for phased array radar based on three-way decision

Real-time resource allocation is crucial for phased array radar to undertake multi-task with limited resources,such as the situation of multi-target tracking,in which targets need to be prioritized so that resources can be allocated accordingly and effectively.A three-way decision-based model is proposed for adaptive scheduling of phased radar dwell time.Using the model,the threat posed by a target is measured by an evaluation function,and therefore,a target is assigned to one of the three possible decision regions,i.e.,positive region,negative region,and boundary region.A different region has a various priority in terms of resource demand,and as such,a different radar resource allocation decision is applied to each region to satisfy different tracking accuracies of multi-target.In addition,the dwell time scheduling model can be further optimized by implementing a strategy for determining a proper threshold of three-way decision making to optimize the thresholds adaptively in real-time.The advantages and the performance of the proposed model have been verified by experimental simulations with comparison to the traditional twoway decision model and the three-way decision model without threshold optimization.The experiential results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed model has a certain advantage in detecting high threat targets.

How time-inconsistent preferences influence venture capital exit decisions?A new perspective for grandstanding

Considering that the assumption of time consistency does not adequately reveal the mechanisms of exit decisions of venture capital(VC),this study proposes two kinds of time-inconsistent preferences(i.e.,time-flow inconsistency and time-point incon-sistency)to advance research in this field.Time-flow inconsistency is in line with the previous time inconsistency literature,while time-point inconsistency is rooted in the VC fund’s finite lifespan.Based on the assumption about the strategies guiding future behaviors,we consider four types of venture capitalists:time-consistent,time-point-inconsistent,naïve,and sophisticated venture capitalists,of which the latter three are time-inconsistent.We derive and compare the exit thresholds of these four types of venture capitalists.The main results include:(1)time-inconsistent preferences acceler-ate the exits of venture capitalists;(2)the closer the VC funds expiry dates are,t`he more likely time-inconsistent venture capitalists are to accelerate their exits;and(3)future selves caused by time-flow inconsistency weaken the effect of time-point inconsist-ency.Our study provides a behavioral explanation for the empirical fact of young VCs’grandstanding.

Autonomous Maneuver Decisions via Transfer Learning Pigeon-Inspired Optimization for UCAVs in Dogfight Engagements

This paper proposes an autonomous maneuver decision method using transfer learning pigeon-inspired optimization(TLPIO)for unmanned combat aerial vehicles(UCAVs)in dogfight engagements.Firstly,a nonlinear F-16 aircraft model and automatic control system are constructed by a MATLAB/Simulink platform.Secondly,a 3-degrees-of-freedom(3-DOF)aircraft model is used as a maneuvering command generator,and the expanded elemental maneuver library is designed,so that the aircraft state reachable set can be obtained.Then,the game matrix is composed with the air combat situation evaluation function calculated according to the angle and range threats.Finally,a key point is that the objective function to be optimized is designed using the game mixed strategy,and the optimal mixed strategy is obtained by TLPIO.Significantly,the proposed TLPIO does not initialize the population randomly,but adopts the transfer learning method based on Kullback-Leibler(KL)divergence to initialize the population,which improves the search accuracy of the optimization algorithm.Besides,the convergence and time complexity of TLPIO are discussed.Comparison analysis with other classical optimization algorithms highlights the advantage of TLPIO.In the simulation of air combat,three initial scenarios are set,namely,opposite,offensive and defensive conditions.The effectiveness performance of the proposed autonomous maneuver decision method is verified by simulation results.

Three-Way Behavioral Decision Making With Hesitant Fuzzy Information Systems:Survey and Challenges

Three-way decision(T-WD)theory is about thinking,problem solving,and computing in threes.Behavioral decision making(BDM)focuses on effective,cognitive,and social processes employed by humans for choosing the optimal object,of which prospect theory and regret theory are two widely used tools.The hesitant fuzzy set(HFS)captures a series of uncertainties when it is difficult to specify precise fuzzy membership grades.Guided by the principles of three-way decisions as thinking in threes and integrating these three topics together,this paper reviews and examines advances in three-way behavioral decision making(TW-BDM)with hesitant fuzzy information systems(HFIS)from the perspective of the past,present,and future.First,we provide a brief historical account of the three topics and present basic formulations.Second,we summarize the latest development trends and examine a number of basic issues,such as one-sidedness of reference points and subjective randomness for result values,and then report the results of a comparative analysis of existing methods.Finally,we point out key challenges and future research directions.

Relationships between Features of EmergingAdulthood, Situated Decisions toward PhysicalActivity, and Physical Activity among CollegeStudents: The Moderating Role of ExerciseIntensity Tolerance

A significant portion of emerging adults do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity (PA). Previous studies observedassociations between features of emerging adulthood and PA levels, while the potential psychological mechanisms that mightexplain this phenomenon are not fully understood. In this context, there is some evidence that situated decisions towardphysical activity (SDPA) and exercise-intensity tolerance might influence PA level. To provide empirical support for thisassumption, the current study investigated whether (i) features of emerging adulthood are linked to SDPA, which, in turn,might affect PA engagement;(ii) exercise-intensity tolerance moderate the relationship between SDPA and PA level;and (iii)SDPA is a mediator of the relationship between features of emerging adulthood and PA levels under the prerequisite thatexercise-intensity tolerance moderates the link between SDPA and PA engagement. In this study a group of 1,706 Chinesecollege students was recruited and asked to complete a set of questionnaires assessing their SDPA, PA levels, exercise-intensitytolerance, and features associated with emerging adulthood, namely Self-exploration, Instability, and Possibility. Our resultsindicated that SDPA positively predicted PA levels and this relationship became stronger when exercise-intensity tolerance wasused as a moderator. Furthermore, it was observed that individuals with a higher level of Instability and a lower level ofPossibility during emerging adulthood exhibited a lower level of SDPA. Taken together, the results of our study providefurther insights on a potential psychological mechanism linking features of emerging adulthood and physical activity.

Application of TOPSIS Method in Support of Decisions Made in Staff Management Issues

Evaluation model was proposed which refers to fuzzy formalism of the personnel management issues taking account their specific characteristics. Application of TOPSIS （technique for order Performance by similarity to ideal solution） method for evaluation and regulation of alternatives based on hierarchically structured criteria of qualitative character by multiple experts to intellectually support decisions made in staff management issues is reviewed in the article. Candidate selection experiment based on criteria system formed using TOPSIS method for evaluation of candidates during solution of hiring problems reviewed and obtained results were compared with results obtained using Matlab program package.

A hybrid heterogeneous Pythagorean fuzzy group decision modelling for crowdfunding development process pathways of fintech‑based clean energy investment projects

This study aims to evaluate the crowdfunding alternatives regarding new service development process pathways of clean energy investment projects.In this framework,a new model has been generated by considering the consensus-based group decisionmaking with incomplete preferences,Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).Moreover,a comparative evaluation has been performed with Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I.Kompromisno Resenje methodology and sensitivity analysis has been made by considering 4 different cases.The main contribution is to identify appropriate crowdfunding-based funding alternatives for the improvement of the clean energy investments with a novel MCDM model.By considering the iteration technique and consensus-based analysis,the missing parts in the evaluations can be completed and opposite opinion problems can be reduced.Furthermore,with the help of hybrid MCDM model by combining DEMATEL and TOPSIS,more objective results can be reached.It is concluded that the analysis results are coherent and reliable.The findings indicate that the full launch is the most significant criterion for equity and debt-based crowdfunding alternatives.On the other side,the analysis has the highest weight for reward and donation-based alternatives whereas design is the most essential item regarding the royalty-based alternative.Additionally,it is also defined that equity-based crowdfunding alternative is the most significant for the service development process of clean energy investment projects.In this way,it will be possible to provide a continuous resource for clean energy investment projects.On the other hand,by providing financing with equity,there will be no fixed financing cost for clean energy investors.If these investors make a profit,they distribute dividends with the decision of their authorized bodies.