Risk Assessment of Coal Mine Water Hazard Based on Three-Dimensional Model of Geology and Underground Space

Mine safety have top-five disasters,which including the water,gas,fire,dust and geological dynamic disaster.The coal mine water disaster is one of the important factors which restricted the development of China’s coal production.It is showed by statistics that 60%of mine accidents are affected by groundwater,which not only result in the production losses,casualties and a variety of

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene incorporating functional group via hydrophilic spacer arm

A versatile and effective method for incorporating functional groups on the pore wall of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene（3DOM CLPS） by hydrophilic spacer arm has been investigated.The 3DOM CLPS with pore size 865 nm was prepared by sacrifice template method.The hydrophilic spacer arm（polyethylene glycol,molecular weight is 600） was grafted to the 3DOM CLPS via nucleophilic substitution reaction.The other side of active hydroxyl can be further converted into a lot of other functional groups.In this report,the chelating ligand 2-mercaptobenzothiazole（MBZ） group was introduced on the end of the PGE chain to evidence the versatile functionalization approach.The functionalized ordered macroporous materials were characterized by FT-IR,element analyzer,SEM.The results reveal that the pores were successfully bonded with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole groups via hydrophilic spacer arms and the original morphology of ordered macroporous materials were remained after functionalization.The MBZ group density is 0.052 mmol/m^2.The functionalized 3DOM CLPS are expected to application as heavy metal ions adsorbent.

Continuous imaging space in three-dimensional integral imaging

We report an integral imaging method with continuous imaging space. This method simultaneously reconstructs real and virtual images in the virtual mode, with a minimum gap that separates the entire imaging space into real and virtual space. Experimental results show that the gap is reduced to 45% of that in a conventional integral imaging system with the same parameters.

Using"Three-dimensional Space Resources"for Fenlong Technology to Improve Grain Econoloy and Expand Human Living Spaces

Fenlong Technology has been applied to increase yield by 20%-50%,improve quality by 5%,and retain water by 100%in 40 kinds of crop cultivated land and saline-alkali land in 26 provinces of China.This paper clarified for the first time the scientific theory system of Fenlong Technology using three-dimensional space resources"Fenlong Agricultural Nature Theory"and the development of the relative"limits"of agricultural growth,which provides a huge power support and natural force for expanding human living spaces.Through inventing and creating a scientific and technological system of farming tools,farming machinery,farming modes,and magic weapons for cultivation,Fenlong Technology can increase grain,promote ecological development,and greatly expand the living spaces of the Chinese nation and achieve sustainable development.Using Fenlong Technology,China has expanded from the current single"cultivated land agriculture"to the"big pattern agriculture"of Fenlong"cultivated land+saline land+degraded grassland+marginal land+desertified land+river water",flexibly used 147 million ha of"three-dimensional space resources"of land,and the newly increased food,meat,and fish can feed 300 million to 400 million people,increased the water storage by 100 billion m^(3),and reduced the collection of groundwater by 20 million to 60 billion m^(3).

Three-Dimensional Space Interpolation of Grey / Depth Image Sequence-A New Technique of Computer Graphics Synthesis

This paper advances a three-dimensional space interpolation method of grey / depth image sequence, which breaks free from the limit of original practical photographing route. Pictures can cruise at will in space. By using space sparse sampling, great memorial capacity can be saved and reproduced scenes can be controlled. To solve time consuming and complex computations in three-dimensional interpolation algorithm, we have studied a fast and practical algorithm of scattered space lattice and that of 'Warp' algorithm with proper depth. By several simple aspects of three dimensional space interpolation, we succeed in developing some simple and practical algorithms. Some results of simulated experiments with computers have shown that the new method is absolutely feasible.

Urban Three-dimensional Expansion and Its Driving Forces——A Case Study of Shanghai,China

Urban expansion is a phenomenon of urban space increase,and an important measuring index of the process of urbanization.Taking Shanghai as an example,the changes of urban average height and built-up area were studied to represent city's vertical and horizontal increases respectively,and statistical methods were used to analyze the driving forces of urban expansion.The research drew following conclusions:1) The urban expansion process of Shanghai from 1985 to 2006 had a clear periodic feature,and could be divided into three stages:vertical expansion in dominance,coordinated vertical and horizontal expansion,and horizontal expansion in dominance.2) The average height and quantity of buildings in core city were significantly bigger than those in suburbs,but the changing speed of the latter was faster.And 3) urbanization process was the major driving force for the city's horizontal expansion,while industrial structure improvement was the key driving factor for the vertical expansion.Those two driving forces were simultaneously affected by city's political factors.

RELAXED ELASTIC LINES OF SECOND KIND ON ORIENTED SURFACE IN MINKOWSKI SPACE

The relaxed elastic line of second kind on an oriented surface in the Minkowski space was defined and for the relaxed elastic line of second kind which is lying on an oriented surface the Euler-Lagrange equations were derived. Furthermore, whether these curves lie on a curvature line or not was investigated and some applications were given.

Multiconstraint adaptive three-dimensional guidance law using convex optimization

The traditional guidance law only guarantees the accuracy of attacking a target. However, the look angle and acceleration constraints are indispensable in applications. A new adaptive three-dimensional proportional navigation(PN) guidance law is proposed based on convex optimization. Decomposition of the three-dimensional space is carried out to establish threedimensional kinematic engagements. The constraints and the performance index are disposed by using the convex optimization method. PN guidance gains can be obtained by solving the optimization problem. This solution is more rapid and programmatic than the traditional method and provides a foundation for future online guidance methods, which is of great value for engineering applications.

Obstacle avoidance method of three-dimensional obstacle spherical cap

Focusing on obstacle avoidance in three-dimensional space for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), the direct obstacle avoidance method in dynamic space based on three-dimensional velocity obstacle spherical cap is proposed, which quantifies the influence of threatening obstacles through velocity obstacle spherical cap parameters. In addition, the obstacle avoidance schemes of any point on the critical curve during the multi-obstacles avoidance are given. Through prediction, the insertion point for the obstacle avoidance can be obtained and the flight path can be replanned. Taking the Pythagorean Hodograph(PH) curve trajectory re-planning as an example, the three-dimensional direct obstacle avoidance method in dynamic space is tested. Simulation results show that the proposed method can realize the online obstacle avoidance trajectory re-planning, which increases the flexibility of obstacle avoidance greatly.

Three-Dimensional Metacomposite Based on Different Ferromagnetic Microwire Spacing for Electromagnetic Shielding

An electromagnetic shielding metacomposite based on the absorbing mechanism was prepared by weaving ferromagnetic microwires into the three-dimensional(3D)fabric.The influence of the ferromagnetic microwire spacing on electromagnetic shielding performance and the electromagnetic shielding mechanism of 3D metacomposites were studied.The total electromagnetic shielding performance increases with the increase of electromagnetic wave frequency.3D metacomposites based on the absorbing mechanism can avoid the secondary pollution of electromagnetic waves,and have great potential in military,civil,aerospace and other fields.

Constructing Three-Dimension Space Graph for Outlier Detection Algorithms in Data Mining

Outlier detection has very important applied value in data mining literature. Different outlier detection algorithms based on distinct theories have different definitions and mining processes. The three-dimensional space graph for constructing applied algorithms and an improved GridOf algorithm were proposed in terms of analyzing the existing outlier detection algorithms from criterion and theory. Key words outlier - detection - three-dimensional space graph - data mining CLC number TP 311. 13 - TP 391 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70371015)Biography: ZHANG Jing (1975-), female, Ph. D, lecturer, research direction: data mining and knowledge discovery.

Elastic Collisions in Minkowski Momentum Space with Lorentz Transformations

We reexamined the elastic collision problems in the special relativity for both one and two dimensions from a different point of view. In order to obtain the final states in the laboratory system of the collision problems, almost all textbooks in the special relativity calculated the simultaneous equations. In contrast to this, we make a detour through the center-of-mass system. The two frames of references are connected by the Lorentz transformation with the velocity of the center-of-mass. This route for obtaining the final states is easy for students to understand the collision problems. For one dimensional case, we also give an example for illustrating the states of the particles in the Minkowski momentum space, which shows the whole story of the collision.

Three-Dimensional Exact Solution for Dynamic Damped Response of Plates with Two Free Edges

A three-dimensional state space method has been developed for the calculation of dynamic response of plates with two free edges and two simply supported edges.A complex damping model was introduced, then the exact solutions which satisfy all the governing equations and boundary conditions were obtained.In order to overcome the difficulty of satisfying all the stress conditions at free edges, the displacement functions of free edges were assumed.The boundary conditions were strictly satisfied when the convergence rate was good.The computing time was evidently less than that of finite element method.The comparison of the solution with those of finite element method show that there is an excellent agreement for displacements.When the imaginary parts of normal stress deviated, the finite element results showed existence of shear stresses at top and bottom surfaces, and the boundary conditions of FEM model were not strictly satisfied.

Researches on Cartographic Database-Based Interactive Three-Dimensional Topographic Map

With the development of computer graphics, the three-dimensional (3D) visualization brings new technological revolution to the traditional cartography. Therefore, the topographic 3D-map emerges to adapt to this technological revolution, and the applications of topographic 3D-map are spread rapidly to other relevant fields due to its incomparable advantage. The researches on digital map and the construction of map database offer strong technical support and abundant data source for this new technology, so the research and development of topographic 3D-map will receive greater concern. The basic data of the topographic 3D-map are rooted mainly in digital map and its basic model is derived from digital elevation model (DEM) and 3D-models of other DEM-based geographic features. In view of the potential enormous data and the complexity of geographic features, the dynamic representation of geographic information becomes the focus of the research of topographic 3D-map and also the prerequisite condition of 3D query and analysis. In addition to the equipment of hardware that are restraining, to a certain extent, the 3D representation, the data organization structure of geographic information will be the core problem of research on 3D-map. Level of detail (LOD), space partitioning, dynamic object loading (DOL) and object culling are core technologies of the dynamic 3D representation. The object- selection, attribute-query and model-editing are important functions and interaction tools for users with 3D-maps provided by topographic 3D-map system, all of which are based on the data structure of the 3D-model. This paper discusses the basic theories, concepts and cardinal principles of topographic 3D-map, expounds the basic way to organize the scene hierarchy of topographic 3D-map based on the node mechanism and studies the dynamic representation technologies of topographic 3D-map based on LOD, space partitioning, DOL and object culling. Moreover, such interactive operation functions are explored, in this paper, as spatial query, scene editing and management of topographic 3D-map. Finally, this paper describes briefly the applications of topographic 3D-map in its related fields.

On the Geometry of Curves in Minkowski 3-Space and Its Foldings

We will introduce a new connection between some transformations and some aspects of differential geometry of some curves in Minkowski space. The concept of folding, retractions and contraction on some curves in Minkowski space will be characterized by using some aspects of differential geometry. Types of the deformation retracts of some curves in Minkowski 3-space are obtained. The relations between the foldings and the deformation retracts of some curves are deduced. The connections between some transformations and time like, space like, light like of some curves in Minkowski 3-space are also presented.

Group Inverse of 2 × 2 Block Matrices over Minkowski Space M

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the group inverse of the block matrix in Minkowski Space are studied, where are both square and . The representation of this group inverse and some related additive results are also given.

Light and Entanglement Velocities for the Electron and the Proton in Minkowskian Space Require Surface Areas that Approximate the Human Cerebrum: Implications for Excess Correlations

The distinctions between locality and non-locality as well as causality and excess correlation may be related to coupling between increments of space-time or to the total space-time within the universe as a unit. The most likely candidates for the latter are the proton and the electron when related by Minkowski’s space-time. When two velocities: light in a vacuum for locality and the “entanglement” velocity based upon parameters that define the universe for non-locality, are considered the two times required to produce identities for the -v2t2 components are frequencies whose energies approximate the neutral hydrogen line (primarily associated with shifts in electron spin direction) and the mass equivalence of a proton. The values for the additional three spatial dimensions required to produce a solution whose square root is not imaginary and greater than zero are within the domains of the surface areas of the human cerebrum. Detailed calculations converge to show that the proportions of energy that represent the electron’s Compton energy and the proton’s mass equivalent may be central to the condition of excess correlation within the cerebral volume. Proton channels within the neuronal cell plasma membranes whose pH-dependent specific currents produce the required magnetic field strengths could be the physical substrates by which excess correlations between brain activities of human subjects separated by non-local distances might occur. If protons are considered as the basic Eddington (number) units of the universe then Mach’s principle that any component of the universe is determined by all of its components may be testable empirically.

n维空间中Minkowski差的性质

研究了n维实空间中集族的Minkowski差的性质,给出了一些重要的计算方法,探讨了Minkowski差的应用。

四维Minkowski空间中伪零曲线的伴随曲线

定义了四维Minkowski空间中伪零曲线的伴随曲线.利用伪零曲线的特殊性,将欧氏空间中曲线的性质扩展到伪欧氏空间.通过对伪零曲线及其伴随曲线的Frenet标架的讨论,给出不同类型伴随曲线的曲率函数表达方式.讨论了特殊曲线的伴随曲线的曲率函数,并给出相应实例.

三维Minkowski空间内的空间型曲线

应用奇点理论方法对三维Minkowski空间内由空间型曲线生成的副法线标型和可展焦曲面的奇点进行了分类,并且研究了在Lorenzian群作用下的空间型曲线的几何学不变量同这些奇点之间的关系.