Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation techniqu...Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation technique by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. It replaces the traditional plowshare with spiral drill, and its tilth depth is twice deeper than that by tractor tilthing. It also extends soil nutrient, moisture, oxygen and microorganism, the so-called ＂Four pools＂. Soil nutrient, oxygen, microorganism, light and rainfall use ratio is increased by 10%-100%, creating a platform for natural increase of more than 10% of crop yield. Its application to over 20 kinds of crops in 21 provinces has proved that the yield increases 10-30% with quality enhancing 5% and double water retaining capacity but no more input. When the application area of Fenlong could reach 67 million hm2, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced by 40-50 billion kg, saving 120-150 billion Yuan. In this paper, we put forward the strategy of ＂4＋1＂ （arable, saline-alkali soil, grasslands, Sponge City ＋ rivers） green development in China, and deepened the Fenlong cultivated tilled layer from 16.5 cm to 35 cm for 67 million hm2 arable land, ridged 13.3 million hm2 of saline-alkali soil for 35 cm, and also 35 cm for 67 million hm2 degraded steppe, which could have the following 3 effects： first, the 147 million hm2 of land with Fenlong cultivation could increase loosing soil to 315.491 billion m3, in＊ creasing by 159.26% for 120 million hm2 of arable land with the average tilled layer of 16.5 cm, which has loosing soil of only 198.1 billion m3, that is, the space of the land increases 1.6 times. Second, every hectare of plowland could store up to 450 m3/hm2 of natural rainfall, and the unused 60 m3 of saline-alkali soil and grasslands could store water of 102 billion m3, showing an increase of over 88.89% for the current plowland storage of 54 billion m3 at now, that is, double the natural rainfall storage capacity. Third, the two multiple increase of natural resources application can bring trillions of resource activation, environmental cleaning, food security, citizens, health, economic, ecological and social benefits, and makes the Chinese nation move forward in green development. Its application in ＂big scientific research＂ and ＂One Belt And One Road＂ will contribute Chinese strength to the world.展开更多
Purpose:The technology of 3D printing(3DP)exists for quite some time,but it is still not utilized to its full potential in the field of orthopaedics and traumatology,such as underestimating its worth in virtual preope...Purpose:The technology of 3D printing(3DP)exists for quite some time,but it is still not utilized to its full potential in the field of orthopaedics and traumatology,such as underestimating its worth in virtual preoperative planning(VPP)and designing various models,templates,and jigs.It can be a significant tool in the reduction of surgical morbidity and better surgical outcome avoiding various associated complications.Methods:An observational study was done including 91 cases of complex trauma presented in our institution requiring operative fixation.Virtual preoperative planning and 3DP were used in the management of these fractures.Surgeons managing these cases were given a set of questionnaire and responses were recorded and assessed as a quantitative data.Results:In all the 91 cases,where VPP and 3DP were used,the surgeons were satisfied with the outcome which they got intraoperatively and postoperatively.Surgical time was reduced,with a better outcome.Three dimensional models of complex fracture were helpful in understanding the anatomy and sketching out the plans for optimum reduction and fixation.The average score of the questionnaire was 4.5,out of a maximum of 6,suggesting a positive role of 3DP in orthopaedics.Conclusion:3DP is useful in complex trauma management by accurate reduction and placement of implants,reduction of surgical time and with a better outcome.Although there is an initial learning curve to understand and execute the VPP and 3DP,these become easier with practice and experience.展开更多
Pre-deformation before aging has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on the mechanical strength of the 7N01 alloy in our previous study,which is rather different from the general negative effects of pre-deform...Pre-deformation before aging has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on the mechanical strength of the 7N01 alloy in our previous study,which is rather different from the general negative effects of pre-deformation on high-strength 7XXX aluminum alloys.In order to explain the strengthening mechanism relating to the positive effect,in the present study,the microstructure of the aged 7N01 alloy with different degrees of pre-deformation was investigated in detail using advanced electron microscopy techniques.Our results show that,without pre-deformation,the aged alloy is strengthened mainly by the η′type of hardening precipitates.In contrast,with pre-deformation,the aged alloy is strengthened by the hierarchical microstructure consisting of the GP-η′type of precipitates formed inside sub-grains,the ηp type of precipitates formed at small-angle boundaries,and the dislocation introduced by pre-deformation(residual work-hardening effect).By visualizing the distribution of theηp precipitates through three-dimensional electron tomography,the 3 D microstructures of dislocation cells are clearly revealed.Proper combinations of ηp precipitates,GP-η′precipitates and residual dislocations in the alloy are responsible for the positive effect of pre-deformation on its mechanical properties.展开更多
文摘Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation technique by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. It replaces the traditional plowshare with spiral drill, and its tilth depth is twice deeper than that by tractor tilthing. It also extends soil nutrient, moisture, oxygen and microorganism, the so-called ＂Four pools＂. Soil nutrient, oxygen, microorganism, light and rainfall use ratio is increased by 10%-100%, creating a platform for natural increase of more than 10% of crop yield. Its application to over 20 kinds of crops in 21 provinces has proved that the yield increases 10-30% with quality enhancing 5% and double water retaining capacity but no more input. When the application area of Fenlong could reach 67 million hm2, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced by 40-50 billion kg, saving 120-150 billion Yuan. In this paper, we put forward the strategy of ＂4＋1＂ （arable, saline-alkali soil, grasslands, Sponge City ＋ rivers） green development in China, and deepened the Fenlong cultivated tilled layer from 16.5 cm to 35 cm for 67 million hm2 arable land, ridged 13.3 million hm2 of saline-alkali soil for 35 cm, and also 35 cm for 67 million hm2 degraded steppe, which could have the following 3 effects： first, the 147 million hm2 of land with Fenlong cultivation could increase loosing soil to 315.491 billion m3, in＊ creasing by 159.26% for 120 million hm2 of arable land with the average tilled layer of 16.5 cm, which has loosing soil of only 198.1 billion m3, that is, the space of the land increases 1.6 times. Second, every hectare of plowland could store up to 450 m3/hm2 of natural rainfall, and the unused 60 m3 of saline-alkali soil and grasslands could store water of 102 billion m3, showing an increase of over 88.89% for the current plowland storage of 54 billion m3 at now, that is, double the natural rainfall storage capacity. Third, the two multiple increase of natural resources application can bring trillions of resource activation, environmental cleaning, food security, citizens, health, economic, ecological and social benefits, and makes the Chinese nation move forward in green development. Its application in ＂big scientific research＂ and ＂One Belt And One Road＂ will contribute Chinese strength to the world.
文摘Purpose:The technology of 3D printing(3DP)exists for quite some time,but it is still not utilized to its full potential in the field of orthopaedics and traumatology,such as underestimating its worth in virtual preoperative planning(VPP)and designing various models,templates,and jigs.It can be a significant tool in the reduction of surgical morbidity and better surgical outcome avoiding various associated complications.Methods:An observational study was done including 91 cases of complex trauma presented in our institution requiring operative fixation.Virtual preoperative planning and 3DP were used in the management of these fractures.Surgeons managing these cases were given a set of questionnaire and responses were recorded and assessed as a quantitative data.Results:In all the 91 cases,where VPP and 3DP were used,the surgeons were satisfied with the outcome which they got intraoperatively and postoperatively.Surgical time was reduced,with a better outcome.Three dimensional models of complex fracture were helpful in understanding the anatomy and sketching out the plans for optimum reduction and fixation.The average score of the questionnaire was 4.5,out of a maximum of 6,suggesting a positive role of 3DP in orthopaedics.Conclusion:3DP is useful in complex trauma management by accurate reduction and placement of implants,reduction of surgical time and with a better outcome.Although there is an initial learning curve to understand and execute the VPP and 3DP,these become easier with practice and experience.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51831004,11427806,51671082,51471067,11904093)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0300801)。
文摘Pre-deformation before aging has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on the mechanical strength of the 7N01 alloy in our previous study,which is rather different from the general negative effects of pre-deformation on high-strength 7XXX aluminum alloys.In order to explain the strengthening mechanism relating to the positive effect,in the present study,the microstructure of the aged 7N01 alloy with different degrees of pre-deformation was investigated in detail using advanced electron microscopy techniques.Our results show that,without pre-deformation,the aged alloy is strengthened mainly by the η′type of hardening precipitates.In contrast,with pre-deformation,the aged alloy is strengthened by the hierarchical microstructure consisting of the GP-η′type of precipitates formed inside sub-grains,the ηp type of precipitates formed at small-angle boundaries,and the dislocation introduced by pre-deformation(residual work-hardening effect).By visualizing the distribution of theηp precipitates through three-dimensional electron tomography,the 3 D microstructures of dislocation cells are clearly revealed.Proper combinations of ηp precipitates,GP-η′precipitates and residual dislocations in the alloy are responsible for the positive effect of pre-deformation on its mechanical properties.
