Critical state uniqueness of dense granular materials using discrete element method in conjunction with flexible membrane boundary

An explanation of the meso-mechanism of sand granular materials for the uniqueness of critical state is presented by means of the discrete element method(DEM)under flexible boundary loading conditions.A series triaxial drainage shear test(DEM simulations),in conjunction with the flexible boundary technique,of were performed for sand samples subjected to various physical states and with different particle size distributions.After carefully investigating the critical status of the results of the numerical calculation,the macroscopic failure modes and shear band evolution of sand,as well as the velocity vector field due to different initial states,were explored and classified.Furthermore,the evaluation rules and discrepancies between overall void ratios of the specimen and local void ratios within the shear band under the critical state were recorded and analyzed.The results proved that a sample with a small void tends to form a shear band,and the rotation of the particles in the non-shear zone is negligible.Conversely,sandy soil with large initial void ratios exhibited limited development of significant shear bands,and the change in void ratios within the shear region and the non-shear area are not significant.Interestingly,the particle-size distribution exerts minimal influence on the evolution rule which the void ratio converges within the shear band and diverges outside the shear region for both multi-stage and single-stage specimens.The void ratio within the shear band and deviator stress ratio tend to exhibit consistently for the same specimen with different initial physical states,thereby distinguishing the critical state.There is a significantly higher change in void ratio within the shear band compared to outside of it,yet it remains stable within a relatively similar range.Additionally,the invariant of the fabric tensor used to describe the critical state characteristics also demonstrates a high degree of consistency within the shear band.These findings strongly indicate that the critical state exists within the shear failure surfaceand is highly likely to beunique.

黄河水利职业技术学院新校区风雨操场膜结构找形分析

应用有限元程序AN SY S对黄河水利职业技术学院新校区风雨操场膜结构进行了找形分析,确定了满足建筑初步设计造型要求的膜的形状,且膜上的应力分布比较均匀.通过本工程刚柔性组合边界张拉膜结构的找形分析,探索了刚柔性组合边界膜结构进行找形分析时索和膜预应力取值、支座提升、找形分析收敛准则等一系列问题,为类似工程提供了参考.

边界问题及其对真空预压的影响

给出了真空预压区四周开敞式与封闭式边界定义、两者的不同,分析了开敞式边界加固效果优于封闭式边界的原因并以三个实例说明之,给出如何将封闭式转化为开敞式的方法;柔性与刚性密封膜同样可构成开敞式与封闭式边界,讨论了此时两种边界下差别;给出了密封墙和支挡墙的定义、功能、应用范围;讨论了水泥搅拌与旋喷桩单体墙与格栅墙的定义、功能、应用范围,前者只能作为密封墙,后者既可作密封墙也可作支挡墙。

基于三维柔性薄膜边界的土石混合体大型三轴试验颗粒离散元模拟

为了有效模拟土石混合体室内大型三轴试验侧向柔性乳胶膜的力学行为,提出了一种可行的三轴试验侧向柔性薄膜边界的三维离散元模拟方法,即三维组合墙法。结合已开发的不规则块石及土石混合体三维离散元建模方法,建立了可考虑柔性薄膜边界的土石混合体大型三轴试样三维离散元模型。引入平行黏结模型以更好地模拟胶结土石混合体中颗粒间的胶结作用,通过开展大型三轴数值试验逐一全面地标定了无胶结土石混合体和胶结土石混合体数值模型的细观力学参数。分析了无胶结土石混合体和胶结土石混合体数值试样的变形破坏过程及特征,并与室内试验结果进行了对比。结果表明:所提出的三维柔性薄膜边界建模方法原理简单,参数较少,易于实现,且能节省计算资源;基于三维柔性薄膜边界的土石混合体大型三轴试验颗粒离散元模拟能较好地再现土石混合体的应力–应变特征、无胶结土石混合体的鼓肚变形破坏特征、胶结土石混合体变形局部化的过程及其剪切带的细观结构特征。

不同边界对花岗岩三轴试验影响的三维离散元数值研究

为了研究边界对花岗岩常规三轴离散元模拟试验的影响,使用颗粒流模拟软件(PFC3D),基于三维等效晶质模型(Grain-Based-Model)方法生成花岗岩模型,同时利用有限元-离散元(FDM-DEM)耦合建模技术,分别建立刚性、柔性膜以及有限元单元(“Shell”)3种边界下的离散元三轴试验,结果表明:相较于“Shell”边界,刚性边界会提高岩样发生应力集中现象的概率,影响岩样的破坏形态;柔性膜边界会导致岩样在三轴加载过程中所受的实际围压大于目标围压,并显著提高岩样的残余强度;而“Shell”边界下的岩样所受围压稳定,发生应力集中的概率最小。综合分析可得:在花岗岩离散元三轴模拟中“Shell”边界是合适的选择。

参数化找形技术在德化体育场馆膜屋面设计中的应用

参数化找形技术在建筑设计上的应用越来越广泛,但将其应用于膜屋面的设计仍处于探索阶段。以德化体育场、体育馆和游泳馆为项目背景,介绍了刚性和柔性边界条件下找形的原理和流程,并结合传统建模方式的不足之处,阐述了参数化找形在项目全过程设计阶段的优势。重点介绍了膜屋面找形过程中如何实现形与力的有机统一,为同类型复杂膜屋面的设计提供借鉴和参考。

土石混合体宏细观力学特性和变形破坏机制的三维离散元精细模拟

为了更加精细的模拟土石混合体宏细观力学特性和变形破坏机制,针对已有三轴试验侧向柔性薄膜边界模拟方法进行改进,提出三维组合墙法实现了柔性薄膜边界的三维离散元模拟。结合已开发的不规则块石和土石混合体三维离散元建模方法建立土石混合体大型三轴数值试样,开展数值试验标定土石混合体数值模型的细观力学参数并与室内试验结果进行了对比验证。深入分析不同含石量下土石混合体的宏细观力学特性和变形破坏机制。结果表明:三维组合墙法原理简单、参数较少、易于实现且应用效果较好;大型三轴试验数值模拟能够较好地再现土石混合体宏观的应力–应变特征、强度特性和破坏模式;随含石量增加,土石混合体的骨架结构效应越来越显著;剪切带内土颗粒旋转量较大而块石颗粒旋转量较小,表明剪切面绕过了较大的块石颗粒。