Head Pursuit Variable Structure Guidance Law for Three-dimensional Space Interception

This article aims to develop a head pursuit （HP） guidance law for three-dimensional hypervelocity interception, so that the effect of the perturbation induced by seeker detection can be reduced. On the basis of a novel HP three-dimensional guidance model, a nonlinear variable structure guidance law is presented by using Lyapunov stability theory. The guidance law positions the interceptor ahead of the target on its tlight trajectory, and the speed of the interceptor is required to be lower than that of the target, A numerical example of maneuvering ballistic target interception verifies the rightness of the guidance model and the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Coexistence Theory of Slag Structure and Its Application to Calculation of Oxidizing Capability of Slag Melts

The coexistence theory of slag structure and it's application to calculation of the oxidizing capabilities of slag melts is described. It is shown that the law of mass action can be widely applied to the calculation of oxidizing capabilities of slag melts in combination with the coexistence theory of slag structure.For slag melts containing basic oxides FeO and MnO, their oxidizing capabilities can be expressed by N Fe tO =N FeO +6N Fe 2O 3 , while for slag melts containing basic oxides CaO, MgO, etc., in addition to FeO and MnO, their oxidizing capabilities can be given as N Fe tO =N FeO +6N Fe 2O 3 +8N Fe 3O 4 .

A universal thermodynamic model of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in aqueous solutions and its applications in binary and ternary aqueous solutions

A universal thermodynamic model of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in ternary and binary strong electrolyte aqueous solution was developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory and verified in four kinds of binary aqueous solutions and two kinds of ternary aqueous solutions. The calculated mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples in four binary aqueous solutions and two ternary solutions at 298.15 K have good agreement with the reported activity data from literatures after shifting the standard state and concentration unit. Therefore, the calculated mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples from the developed universal thermodynamic model for ternary and binary aqueous solutions can be applied to predict reaction ability of components in ternary and binary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions. It is also proved that the assumptions applied in the developed thermodynamic model are correct and reasonable, i.e., strong electrolyte aqueous solution is composed of cations and anions as simple ions, H2O as simple molecule and other hydrous salt compounds as complex molecules. The calculated mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples in ternary and binary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions strictly follow the mass action law.

Calculating models of mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H_2O binary system and RbCl-RbNO_3-H_2O ternary system

Thermodynamic models of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions were developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory at 298.15 K.A transformation coefficient is needed to compare the calculated mass action concentration and the reported activity because they are obtained at different standard states and concentration units.The results show that the transformation coefficients between the calculated mass action concentrations and the reported activities of the same structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions change in a very narrow range.The transformed mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples in RbCl-H2O binary system are in good agreement with the reported activities. The transformed mass action concentrations of RbCl and RbNO3 in RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary solution are also in good agreement with the reported activities,aRbCl and 3RbNOa,with different total ionic strengths as 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0 and 3.5 mol/kg,respectively.All those results mean the developed thermodynamic model of strong electrolyte aqueous solutions can reflect structural characteristics of RbCl-H2O binary and RbCl-RbNO3-H2O ternary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions and the mass action concentration also strictly follows the mass action law.

Effective-mass theory for coupled quantum dots grown on （11N）-oriented substrates

The electronic structures of coupled quantum dots grown on （11N）-oriented substrates are studied in the framework of effective-mass envelope-function theory. The results show that the all-hole subbands have the smallest widths and the optical properties are best for the （113）, （114）, and （115） growth directions. Our theoretical results agree with the available experimental data. Our calculated results are useful for the application of coupled quantum dots in photoelectric devices.

Frist-principles Band Structures Calculation of Tin-phthalocyanine

We adopt the density function theory with generalized approximation by the Beeke exchange plus Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional to calculate the electronic first-principles band structure of tin-phthalocyanine （SnPc）. The intermolecular interaction related to transport behavior was analyzed from the F-point wave function as well as from the bandwidths and band gaps. From the calculated bandwidths of the frontier bands as well as the effective masses of the electron and hole, it can be concluded that the mobility of the electron is about two times larger than that of the hole. Furthermore, when several bands near the Fermi surface are taken into account, we find that the interband gaps within the unoccupied bands are generally smaller than those of the occupied bands, indicating that the electron can hop from one band to another which is much easier than the hole. This may happen through electron-phonon coupling for instance, thus effectively yielding an even larger mobility for the electron than for the hole. These facts indicate that in SnPc the electrons are the dominant carriers in transport, in contrast to most organic materials.

Applicability of mass action law to sulphur distribution between slag melts and liquid iron

According to the mass action law and the coexistence theory of slagstructure, the calculating models of mass action concentration for CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe_2O_3-SiO_2,CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-Fe_2O_3-P_2O_5-SiO_2 and CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-Fe_2O_3-Al_2O_3-P_2O_5-SiO_2 slag melts areformulated and sulphur distribution between the slag melts and liquid iron is treated. It is foundthat CaO, MnO and FeO promote desulphurization, while MgO is detrimental to desulphurization. Inaddition, the sulphur distribution coefficients between the slag melts and liquid iron andpresented.

Applicability of law of mass action to distribution of manganese between slag melts and liquid iron

According to the law of mass action and the coexistence theory of slag structure, the distribution of manganese between MnO FeO SiO 2 and MgO MnO FeO SiO 2 slag melts as well as liquid iron was analyzed. It is shown that K ′ Mn and K MnO are only dependent on temperature and don’t change with basicities and compositions of slag melts. So the distribution of manganese between the above mentioned slag melts and molten iron obeys the law of mass action. But analysis of experimental results from other sources shows that K ′ Mn and K MnO really change with basicities of slag, which is probably arisen from not approaching equilibrium under low basicity slag melts.

Structure of AcMet-Gly and Its Interaction with Palladium(II) Tetraaqua Complex Studied by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry and Density Functional Theory

The structure of dipepide AcMet-Gly was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. It possesses mono-clinic, space group P21 (No. 4), with cell dimensions of a=0.8571(2) nm, b=0.5871(2) nm, c=1.197(3) nm, =99.290(10), V=0.5944(15) nm3, Z=2, m=2.74 cm-1. Mononuclear chelates, described as [Pd(X)(S,N,O- AcMet-Gly)]+, in which Pd(II) is coordinated by thioether, deprotonated amide nitrogen, carbonyl oxygen of me-thionine and X (AcMetGly or other ligands present in aqueous solution or in mobile phase solution), were detected 5 min after mixing AcMet-Gly with [Pd(H2O)4]2+ at room temperature using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The geometry of [Pd(H2O)(S,N,O-AcMet-Gly)]+ is optimized at density functional B3LYP/LanL2DZ level. The fused five- and six-membered chelate is responsible for cleavage of Met-Gly bond. This is the first time to provide a direct evidence for Pd(II)-mediated cleavage of dipeptides via external solvent attack.

Calculation of the Added Mass of a Liquid Tank's Bulkheads

The added mass coefficient and the water level index formulas for the same-phase and anti-phase vibration of rectangular liquid tanks' bulkheads were derived based on dry mode theory. Three fluid-structure interaction numerical methods including Fluid FEM and Fluid BEM were used in this case. The comparison of numerical and theoretical results by the present method shows that ANSYS/Fluid80 is more credible, the NASTRAN/Virtual Mass Method is more suitable for engineering calculations and results of the same-phase vibration by the present method is more accurate.

Galactic Route to the Strong Coupling Constant αs(mz) and Its Implication on the Mass Constituents of the Universe

Some fundamental physical quantities need an alternative description. We derive the word average value of interaction coupling constant αs(mz) from the observed maximum galactic rotation velocity by the simple relation , where is the velocity, at which the difference between galactic rotation velocity and Thomas precession is equal, and α is Sommerfeld’s constant. The result is in excellent agreement with the value of αs = 0.1170 ± 0.0019, recently measured and verified via QCE analysis by CERN researchers. One can formulate a reciprocity relation, connecting αs with the circle constant: . It is the merit of Preston Guynn to derive the Milky Way maximum value of the galactic rotation velocity βg, pointing to its “extremely important role in all physics”. The mass (energy) constituents of the Universe follow a golden mean hierarchy and can simply be related to the maximum of Guynn’s difference velocity respectively to αs(mz), therewith excellently confirming Bouchet’s WMAP data analysis. We conclude once more that the golden mean concept is the leading one of nature.

考虑结构面产状的层状岩体引水隧洞围岩精细化评分探讨

为了解层状岩体结构面产状对围岩评分的影响,在总结国内外相关规范及研究成果的基础上,综合考虑围岩结构面产状分布,对层状岩体引水隧洞围岩评分进行精细化分析,重点考虑隧洞开挖方向和岩体结构面倾向、倾角对隧洞围岩稳定性的影响。首先,采用有限元软件Midas GTS对21种工况进行数值模拟,对模型拱顶、边墙、底板处的位移、围岩压力、最大剪应力、最大主应力和最小主应力计算结果进行综合分析;然后,采用层次分析法(AHP)进行指标权重计算;最后,运用隶属度函数对各指标构建模糊矩阵,用得出的模糊矩阵乘以AHP法所得权重,得出结构面产状评分结果。研究表明:当结构面走向与开挖方向夹角为0°时,随着结构面倾角的增加,拱顶和底板评分大幅增加。

关于分形理论在结构岩体的应用研究

介绍了近年来分形几何理论在结构岩体应用研究的最新进展，并简要讨论了目前研究存在的问题。

大规模定制环境下基于产品结构复杂度的工时定额制定研究

针对大规模定制环境下产品种类多、工时制定困难的特点,为了能够快速且准确获取产品工时,研究了产品结构复杂度与工时之间的关系,提出了一种基于产品结构复杂度的工时估算方法。综合考虑影响产品结构复杂度的各种因素后,针对决策结果的排序向量决定决策者权重,引入灰色关联理论,建立了产品结构复杂度计算模型。基于数据库中的工时信息,运用MATLAB软件进行编程确定产品结构复杂度和工时之间的函数关系。最后,以某企业产品加工工时估算实例,证明了所提出的估算方法的可行性。

膜结构的附加空气质量

膜结构的非线性风振响应是流固耦合的共同作用问题,其中包括膜的附加空气质量的计算。首先采用格林函数法推导了封闭式膜结构的附加空气质量acm的表达式,得到了lmacr/关于膜尺度k的变化曲线,并讨论了各种影响lmacr/取值的因素;其次,利用薄型机翼理论推导了敞开式膜结构在非定常流中的附加空气质量0am的表达式,得到了lmar/0关于膜尺度H/l的变化曲线,并讨论了各种影响lmar/0取值的因素。研究结果为膜结构非线性耦合风振响应分析奠定了基础。

CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-CaF_2-Al_2O_3-SiO_2渣系粘度的计算模型

依据炉渣结构的共存理论与不同温度和成分下熔渣CaO-MgO-MgO-FeO-CaF2-Al2O3SiO2的实测粘度制定了本渣系作用浓度和粘度的计算模型．计算结果符合实际，证明作用浓度计算模型可以反映本渣系的实际结构；粘度模型也正确地反映了本渣系粘度与温度及各结构单元作用浓度的正确关系．

断裂构造研究进展对工程地质学的启示

在长期地质作用下形成的岩体和岩体结构是工程地质学研究的基本内容,它们的形成和演化主要受控于构造作用,而系统地解析岩体所经历的构造作用是认识岩体结构、抽象和概括岩体工程地质模型的突破口。因此,重视和应用现代构造地质学研究的新理论、新方法必将会对岩体工程地质学研究起着重要的指导意义。本文系统总结了与工程地质研究相关的现代构造地质学理论和思维观的研究进展,在此基础上分析了这些理论方法对工程地质工作的启示和指导意义,希望起到抛砖引玉的作用。

宁镇地区山前缓坡地层结构及其稳定性分析

近年来由于受极端强降雨天气的影响,宁镇地区山前缓坡发生多起中型-大型滑坡地质灾害,主要表现为间歇性蠕滑,规模较大,而滑移距离较小,一般小于30 m,该类滑坡严重威胁附近居民的生命和财产安全,造成巨大的经济损失和严重不良社会影响。为此,本文针对这一典型山前缓坡新型滑坡地质灾害,运用岩体结构控制论和优势面理论对其滑坡体地层结构及滑动机理进行研究,结果表明滑坡主要发生在山前缓坡地段,滑坡体具有特殊的地层结构及水文地质特性,受到强降雨作用时,在坡体内容易产生暂时性承压水,在其浮托力的作用下缓坡主要产生顶托破裂和剪切破坏,并随降雨产生间歇性蠕滑。

岩体质量分类区间非线性模糊评判方法研究

针对现有地下结构岩体质量模糊分类方法的局限性与不足,在考虑岩体质量分类影响因素的模糊性与层次性基础上,重点研究模糊矩阵加权运算的非线性特征及影响因素权向量与隶属度的区间性特征,通过引进非线性模糊矩阵合成算子、区间数学理论和区间数矩阵相对优势度分析方法,建立岩体质量分类的区间非线性模糊评判方法。该方法减少评判的主观性,更好地反映出不利因素对评判结果的影响,从而使岩体质量分类方法更趋合理化,并使其具有更强的可操作性。工程实例计算及其与同类方法进行比较分析均表明了该方法的可行性与合理性。

等效岩体技术在岩体工程中的应用

以某露天矿边坡为工程背景,结合岩石力学参数室内和现场原位试验,基于颗粒流理论和PFC3D程序,运用等效岩体技术,建立充分反映节理分布特征并考虑细观破裂效应的等效岩体模型,采用Fish语言编制加卸载命令流,研究岩体的强度和力学效应。研究结果表明:(1)等效岩体在单轴压缩时,轴向应力–应变曲线分为弹性变形阶段、非稳定破裂塑性阶段和破裂后阶段,抗压强度和弹性模量与标准岩块试样相比,有较大幅度降低;(2)随围压增大,等效岩体抗压强度和残余强度明显提高,延性特征增强,逐渐向理想塑性过渡;(3)等效岩体技术能有效地描述岩体受节理分布影响而表现的各向异性特征;(4)等效岩体内部微裂纹主要沿节理走向分布并扩展,破坏形式受主导节理面产状及性质控制。