Antidiastole Value of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography and Power Doppler between Uterine Parenchyma Lumps and Endometrial Cancer:A Retrospective Study

Sometimes endometrial polyps,submucosal myomas,and endometrial cancer show similar findings under ultrasonography.The aim of this study was to assess the antidiastole value of blood flow parameters using three-dimensional(3D)power Doppler ultrasonography angiography(PDA)between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps.The data of the blood flow indices in 3D-PDA including the vascularization index(VI),flow index(FI),and vascularization flow index(VFI)in 40 patients with endometrial cancer and 41 patients with uterine parenchyma lumps(endometrial polyps and submucosal myomas)were retrospectively analysed and compared utilizing Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis(VOCAL)software.The results showed that all the blood flow parameters(VI,FI,VFI)were significantly higher in women with endometrial cancer than in those with uterine parenchyma lumps(P<0.001).The area under the curve of ROC of VI,FI,and VFI was 0.98,0.84,and 0.97,respectively.Thus,the best predictor of endometrial carcinoma was VI with a sensitivity of 97.0% and a specificity of 91.0%.The optimal cutoff value of VI was 4.06%.Our data demonstrated that all of the blood flow signal parameters(including VI,FI,and VFI)in 3D power Doppler ultrasonography had significant antidiastole values between endometrial cancer and uterine parenchyma lumps to assist clinicians in properly diagnosing patients.

Research of Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Spectra of RE^(3+)(RE=Eu,Tb) and Na_2WO_4 Co-doped Silica Luminescence Materials

In the preparation of this precursor tetraethlortho silicate (TEOS), sodium tungstate, ethyl alcohol, HCl and RECl3(RE=Eu,Tb) were mixed and then heated at 800 ℃ for 2 h, leading to a luminescent compound. The structure of the materials was characterized by TG-DTA and IR analysis, and the results indicate that the materials were in SiO2 network structure. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra was used to characterize the luminescent properties of the materials. The luminescence property of doped and un-doped Eu3+or Tb3+ and Na2WO4 in silica materials were prepared and measured. The results show that good energy transfer from WO2-4 to Eu3+ ion, sensitized the luminescence intensity of Eu3+ remarkably. Tb3+ ion incorporated silica materials expressed the inverse energy transition from Tb3+ to WO2-4, however, we got the materials with homogeneous green blue fluorescent light. Finally, the energy transfer of WO2-4 and Eu3+, WO2-4 and Tb3+ were explained by energy levels diagram.

Changes in three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound features before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer and their relationship with malignant molecule expression

Objective:To study the changes in three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound features before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer and their relationship with malignant molecule expression.Methods: The patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Wuhan Red Cross Hospital between March 2015 and October 2017 were selected as the cervical cancer group, and the patients who received cervical biopsy and were diagnosed with stage I cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by pathological findings during the same period were selected as the control group. Before biopsy, three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography was performed to measure VI, FI and VFI;the tissues of cervical cancer group before and after chemotherapy as well as the biopsy tissues of control group were collected to measure the expression of proliferation genes, invasion genes and angiogenesis genes.Results: The VI, FI and VFI levels as well as the Piwil2 gene (Piwil2), CyclinD1, N-Myc downstream regulated gene 3 (NDRG3), CXC chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5), cathepsin-L (CAT-L), EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1), angiotensin (Ang)1, Ang2 and angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) mRNA expression levels in the tissues of cervical cancer group before and after chemotherapy were all significantly higher than those of control group whereas the thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), Smac gene (Smac), large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1), reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) and plas minogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) mRNA expression levels in the tissues were all significantly lower than those of control group, and the VI, FI and VFI levels as well as the Piwil2, CyclinD1, NDRG3, CXCL5, CAT-L, EFEMP1, Ang1, Ang2 and ANGPTL4 mRNA expression levels in the tissues of cervical cancer group after chemotherapy were all significantly lower than those before chemotherapy whereas the THBS2, Smac, LATS1, RECK and PAI-1 mRNA expression levels were all significantly higher than those before chemotherapy;the VI, FI and VFI levels in cervical cancer tissues were positively correlated with the Piwil2, CyclinD1, NDRG3, CXCL5, CAT-L, EFEMP1, Ang1, Ang2 and ANGPTL4 mRNA expression levels, and negatively correlated with the THBS2, Smac, LATS1, RECK and PAI-1 mRNA expression levels.Conclusion: The changes in the three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound parameters before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer can reflect the changes in proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis gene expression in the lesions.

Research on the attribution evaluating methods of dynamic effects of various parameter uncertainties on the in-structure floor response spectra of nuclear power plant

Consideration of the dynamic effects of the site and structural parameter uncertainty is required by the standards for nuclear power plants （NPPs） in most countries. The anti-seismic standards provide two basic methods to analyze parameter uncertainty. Directly manually dealing with the calculated floor response spectra （FRS） values of deterministic approaches is the first method. The second method is to perform probability statistical analysis of the FRS results on the basis of the Monte Carlo method. The two methods can only reflect the overall effects of the uncertain parameters, and the results cannot be screened for a certain parameter＇s influence and contribution. In this study, based on the dynamic analyses of the floor response spectra of NPPs, a comprehensive index of the assessed impact for various uncertain parameters is presented and recommended, including the correlation coefficient, the regression slope coefficient and Tornado swing. To compensate for the lack of guidance in the NPP seismic standards, the proposed method can effectively be used to evaluate the contributions of various parameters from the aspects ＆sensitivity, acuity and statistical swing correlations. Finally, examples are provided to verify the set of indicators from systematic and intuitive perspectives, such as the uncertainty of the impact of the structure parameters and the contribution to the FRS of NPPs. The index is sensitive to different types of parameters, which provides a new technique for evaluating the anti-seismic parameters required for NPPs.

Power and Cross-Spectra for the Turbulent Atmospheric Motion and Transports in the Domain of Wave Number Frequency Space: Theoretical Aspects

The study of large-scale atmospheric turbulence and transport processes is of vital importance in the general circulation of the atmosphere. The governing equations of the power and cross-spectra for the atmospheric motion and transports in the domain of wave number frequency space have been derived. The contributions of the nonlinear interactions of the atmospheric waves in velocity and temperature fields to the conversion of kinetic and potential energies and to the meridional transports of angular momentum and sensible heat in the atmosphere have been discussed.

基于近地层垂直速度能谱尺度特征确定复杂下垫面零平面位移

本文利用位于南京市郊区的南京大学仙林校区SORPES观测站多层湍流观测数据分析了湍流谱特征,以白天不稳定条件下垂直速度能谱谱峰对应的长度尺度也就是离地高度为判据,探讨了运用该方法确定复杂下垫面零平面位移的可行性。统计分析表明,该方法确定的长度尺度呈现出较为一致的概率分布形状,概率最大的长度尺度对应于离地高度,在复杂下垫面情况下这个高度就是零平面位移高度到观测高度之间的距离,将观测点的离地高度减去这个距离就能得到零平面位移。本文同时运用不稳定条件下垂直速度方差在近地层中的相似关系来确定零平面位移,并与谱方法得到的结果进行对比。结果表明,谱方法和方差法得到的零平面位移非常接近。

基于云雷达资料的那曲对流云粒子相态识别研究

本文利用第三次青藏高原大气科学试验的Ka波段云雷达资料,结合微波辐射计和探空资料,提出了以模糊逻辑算法为框架的相态识别方法,并利用那曲两个典型对流云个例对方法效果进行了分析。通过与前人方法的对比和对不同相态粒子回波强度谱的统计,进一步验证了本文方法的可靠性。结果表明:利用雷达功率谱资料反演下落末速度并代替径向速度作为相态识别的参量之一,可提升对流云内粒子相态分类结果的合理性。零度层亮带和抬升凝结高度参量的使用,能够进一步优化相态识别的初步结果。固态云粒子的下落末速度远低于相同反射率因子的降水粒子,多模态/多谱峰的谱形态特征能够帮助识别混合相态粒子。

基于中国场地相关谱的核电厂结构地震易损性与风险研究

随着概率地震危险性分析与分解理论与应用的发展,场地相关谱生成理论也得到了不断发展,基于中国场地相关谱的核工程等重要基础设施地震易损性与风险分析研究还较为匮乏。该文总结了标量型中国概率地震危险性分析与分解理论方法,提出了向量型中国概率地震危险性分析与分解、条件型中国概率地震危险性分析基本原理,给出了基于中国概率地震危险性分析与分解的我国场地一致危险谱、条件均值谱、广义条件均值谱和条件一致危险谱生成理论和方法,总结了基于中国场地相关谱的核电厂结构地震易损性与风险分析理论基础,以我国某核电厂厂址及核电厂安全壳结构为算例,生成算例厂址场地相关谱,计算不同场地相关谱条件下核电厂安全壳结构地震易损性与风险。分析结果表明:不同场地相关谱条件下,我国核电厂安全壳结构安全裕量都较大;基于条件均值谱计算得到的风险结果偏于不保守。

Powerful 2 μm Silica Fiber Sources: A Review of Recent Progress and Prospects

A review on the progress of powerful 2 μm silica fiber sources in past decades is presented. We review the state-of-the-art records and representative achievements of 2 μm high-average-power continuous- wave, pulsed fiber lasers and amplifiers, and powerful superfluorescent sources. Challenges which limit the further power scaling of 2 μm silica fiber sources are discussed, including pumping brightness limitation, thermal problem and nonlinear effects. Potential and promising roadmaps to go beyond these limitations, like tandem pumping and beam combining, are discussed. Prospects of powerful 2 μm silica fiber sources are also presented in the end of paper.

Discharge Characteristics of Series Surface/Packed-Bed Discharge Reactor Diven by Bipolar Pulsed Power

The discharge characteristics of the series surface/packed-bed discharge （SSPBD） reactor driven by bipolar pulse power were systemically investigated in this study. In order to evaluate the advantages of the SSPBD reactor, it was compared with traditional surface discharge （SD） reactor and packed-bed discharge （PBD） reactor in terms of the discharge voltage, discharge current, and ozone formation. The SSPBD reactor exhibited a faster rising time and lower tail voltage than the SD and PBD reactors. The distribution of the active species generated in differ- ent discharge regions of the SSPBD reactor was analyzed by optical emission spectra and ozone analysis. It was found that the packed-bed discharge region （3.5 mg/L）, rather than the surface discharge region （1.3 mg/L） in the SSPBD reactor played a more important role in ozone gener- ation. The optical emission spectroscopy analysis indicated that more intense peaks of the active species （e.g. N2 and OI） in the optical emission spectra were observed in the packed-bed region.

Study on Site Specific Design Earthquake Ground Motion of Nuclear Power Plants in China

The main technical backgrounds and requirements are introduced with regard to earthquake ground motion design parameters in several domestic and American standards,codes and guides involved in the seismic analysis and design activities of nuclear power plants in China.Based on the research results from site seismic safety evaluation of domestic nuclear power plant projects in the last years,characteristics and differences of site specific design spectra are analyzed in comparison with standard response spectra,and the suitability of standard response spectra for domestic nuclear power plant projects is discussed.

入射光谱及功率密度对GaSb热光伏电池性能的影响

热光伏发电技术具有高效率、高功率密度、适应热源广泛等特征,揭示其核心部件—电池芯片内部光电能量转换物理机制及影响规律,有利于系统性能的进一步提升。针对GaSb热光伏电池内部的光-电转换过程,建立了微观载流子输运模型,采用光-电耦合仿真方法对其性能参数进行了数值模拟。重点探究了入射辐射光谱特性及功率密度对电池性能的影响。结果表明:当入射光谱辐射功率相同时,电池转换效率随光谱变化呈现明显的非单调性,在波长1.42μm处达到峰值22.50%。同一光谱下,随着辐射功率密度提高,电池最大输出电功率密度等比例增大,转换效率也随之增大但增幅逐渐减小,波长1.42μm时增幅最大约4.85%。

基于广义条件谱的某核电厂安全壳多元地震易损性分析

本文基于我国场地广义条件谱,对我国某核电厂安全壳进行了多元地震易损性研究。给出了我国场地向量型概率地震危险性分析与分解理论,提出了我国场地广义条件谱生成方法和步骤,生成了我国算例厂址广义条件谱,选取了场地相关地震动记录,基于多元地震易损性分析方法,生成了算例厂址安全壳结构多元地震易损性曲面。分析结果表明:核电厂安全壳地震易损性分析结果对多个地震动强度参数都较为敏感,基于增量动力分析等解析地震易损性方法,能够得到更为精细化易损性分析结果。考虑多个地震动强度参数的地震易损性分析结果,可为更为精细化核电厂地震风险提供研究基础。

基于静电信号和短时傅里叶变换的齿轮故障监测方法

传统振动监测需依附被检对象,从而引起振动干扰源激励的增多,使得变工况下齿轮振动信号的故障特征被干扰信号湮没。为了解决这一问题,以啮合齿轮组为研究对象,分析了静电监测信号的优势,推导了信号时频分析理论,提出了一种基于静电信号和短时傅里叶变换(STFT)的齿轮故障监测方法。首先,研究了静电监测技术机理,设计了带阻滤波器去除工频干扰,完成了信号预处理工作;然后,推导了短时傅里叶加窗变换的原理,并结合齿轮振动和静电实验数据,分析了其时频域信号特征;最后,搭建了齿轮故障监测平台,进行了齿轮啮合磨损区域静电监测实验,验证了从静电信号中提取出齿轮故障特征的普适性。实验结果表明:静电信号提取的齿轮特征频率为309.6 Hz,与齿轮实际啮合频率一致,静电信号的三维功率谱密度与齿轮转速、载荷呈现正相关关系;与齿轮的振动信号相比,静电信号包含的干扰频带少,且利用时频功率谱可凸显不同的故障信息。研究结果表明:采用静电信号能较好地获取变工况下齿轮的状态信息,克服了振动监测的不足,该齿轮故障监测方法具有一定的应用价值。

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characterization of soil dissolved organic matters in the fluctuating water-level zone of Kai County,Three Gorges Reservoir

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the fluorescent properties of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)in the water-levelfluctuation zone(WLFZ)of Kai County,Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR).Most of the soil DOM analyzed in this study was found to contain four fluorescence peaks.Peaks A and C represent humic-like fluorescence,whereas peaks B and D represent tryptophan-like fluorescence.Peaks E and F,which represent tyrosine-like fluorescence,only appeared in certain soils.Soil humus was the main source of DOM in soil,and higher concentration of soil DOM was found in the exposed soil than submerged soil.Compared to the peaks A and B,the fluorescence intensities of peaks C and D were strongly influenced by the fluctuating water level.Analysis of fluorescence intensities of different peaks in soil DOM showed that WLFZ soil was not contaminated significantly.Soil DOM contained at least two types of humic-like fluorescence groups and two types of protein-like fluorescence groups.The proportion of the content of peak A in soil organic matter was quite stable.The soil DOM in exposed soil had relatively high humification and aromaticity,and periodic submerging and exposure of soil had an impact on the humification of soil DOM.

Enhancing betavoltaic nuclear battery performance with 3D P^(+)PNN^(+)multi-groove structure via carrier evolution

Betavoltaic nuclear batteries offer a promising alternative energy source that harnesses the power of beta particles emitted by radioisotopes.To satisfy the power demands of microelectromechanical systems(MEMS),3D structures have been proposed as a potential solution.Accordingly,this paper introduces a novel 3D^(63)Ni–SiC-based P^(+)PNN^(+)structure with a multi-groove design,avoiding the need for PN junctions on the inner surface,and thus reducing leakage current and power losses.Monte Carlo simulations were performed considering the fully coupled physical model to extend the electron–hole pair generation rate to a 3D structure,enabling the efficient design and development of betavoltaic batteries with complex 3D structures.As a result,the proposed model produces the significantly higher maximum output power density of 19.74μW/cm^(2) and corresponding short-circuit current,open-circuit voltage,and conversion efficiency of 8.57μA/cm^(2),2.45 V,and4.58%,respectively,compared with conventional planar batteries.From analysis of the carrier transport and collection characteristics using the COMSOL Multiphysics code,we provide deep insights regarding power increase,and elucidate the discrepancies between the ideal and simulated performances of betavoltaic batteries.Our work offers a promising approach for the design and optimization of high-output betavoltaic nuclear batteries with a unique 3D design,and serves as a valuable reference for future device fabrication.

海洛因成瘾者脉象异常的分析

提取生物医学信号中的特征信息 ,为医学诊断提供决策支持 ,是生物医学工程发展的一个重要方向。利用谱估计的方法 ,对 15例海洛因成瘾者和 15例正常人的脉搏信号的功率谱进行了分析 ,计算了每一功率谱特定频段上的功率分布 ,发现海洛因成瘾者和正常人的脉搏信号的功率分布有显著差异 ,并给出了初步的判据 ,由此判据 ,15例海洛因成瘾者中的 13例予以辨别。研究结果表明 ,海洛因成瘾者脉搏信号的频域分析是一种有效的方法。

建国以来中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化的小波分析

文章以小波诊断技术为基础,对建国以来中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化进行了多时间尺度分析.研究表明,建国以来中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化具有明显的3年左右、9年左右和17年左右的特征时间尺度和相应的周期性变化特征;并且特征时间尺度近年来逐渐缩短,即成灾面积的变化渐趋频繁.根据这几个特征时间尺度上小波系数的演变趋势发现,在未来几年内,中国洪涝成灾面积呈现下降的总体趋势.根据小波方差分析发现中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化具有显著的3年、9年和17年的主要周期,并以9年和17年的周期尤为显著;同时,根据功率谱的比较分析同样发现,中国洪涝灾害成灾面积同样存在着3年左右、7～9年和17年的主要周期.

慢性酒精刺激对大鼠伏核EEG及脑电功率谱的影响

观察慢性酒精刺激过程中大鼠伏核EEG及功率谱的变化 ,探索酒精依赖的神经机制。在伏核埋植记录电极后 ,给大鼠饮用 6 %酒精水溶液 30d。用脑电图机及计算机信号采集系统记录及分析饮酒期间及停饮后的伏核EEG及功率谱。结果表明 :在慢性饮酒过程中 ,α节律明显减小 ,散在的高幅慢活动δ波和θ波逐渐增多 ,功率谱分析表明δ频段功率百分比明显增加 ,而θ频段功率百分比明显减少 ,总功率减少。停饮后 ,出现棘波和棘慢综合波 ,并持续增多 ,δ频段功率百分比逐渐减少 ,而θ和α频段功率百分比逐渐增加 ,总功率增加 ,约在停饮 9～ 10d ,脑电逐渐恢复正常。提示 :伏核EEG和脑电功率谱的变化在一定程度上可反映慢性酒精刺激及撤除刺激对神经系统的影响。

我国极区冬季电离层加热实验研究

通过对非相干散射雷达观测数据的处理分析,研究了2008年1月我国在挪威Troms(?)进行的冬季电离层加热实验效应.研究结果表明,电离层临界频率大于泵波频率的O波加热事件扰动效应明显,电子温度存在60%～120%的增强,扰动范围从150 km一直延伸到400 km,电子密度扰动不显著,最大可以观察到12%的密度衰减.受加热影响,离子声波频率有1～2 kHz的增加,离子线谱峰谷比增加,有时伴随有高阶谐振线出现.离子线和等离子线功率存在过冲现象,等离子线的功率剖面存在单峰、双峰和三峰结构,等离子线的功率增强幅度随频率负指数衰减.