Research of Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Spectra of RE^(3+)(RE=Eu,Tb) and Na_2WO_4 Co-doped Silica Luminescence Materials

In the preparation of this precursor tetraethlortho silicate (TEOS), sodium tungstate, ethyl alcohol, HCl and RECl3(RE=Eu,Tb) were mixed and then heated at 800 ℃ for 2 h, leading to a luminescent compound. The structure of the materials was characterized by TG-DTA and IR analysis, and the results indicate that the materials were in SiO2 network structure. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra was used to characterize the luminescent properties of the materials. The luminescence property of doped and un-doped Eu3+or Tb3+ and Na2WO4 in silica materials were prepared and measured. The results show that good energy transfer from WO2-4 to Eu3+ ion, sensitized the luminescence intensity of Eu3+ remarkably. Tb3+ ion incorporated silica materials expressed the inverse energy transition from Tb3+ to WO2-4, however, we got the materials with homogeneous green blue fluorescent light. Finally, the energy transfer of WO2-4 and Eu3+, WO2-4 and Tb3+ were explained by energy levels diagram.

STABILIZATION EFFECT OF FRICTIONS FOR TRANSONIC SHOCKS IN STEADY COMPRESSIBLE EULER FLOWS PASSING THREE-DIMENSIONAL DUCTS

Transonic shocks play a pivotal role in designation of supersonic inlets and ramjets.For the three-dimensional steady non-isentropic compressible Euler system with frictions,we constructe a family of transonic shock solutions in rectilinear ducts with square cross-sections.In this article,we are devoted to proving rigorously that a large class of these transonic shock solutions are stable,under multidimensional small perturbations of the upcoming supersonic flows and back pressures at the exits of ducts in suitable function spaces.This manifests that frictions have a stabilization effect on transonic shocks in ducts,in consideration of previous works which shown that transonic shocks in purely steady Euler flows are not stable in such ducts.Except its implications to applications,because frictions lead to a stronger coupling between the elliptic and hyperbolic parts of the three-dimensional steady subsonic Euler system,we develop the framework established in previous works to study more complex and interesting Venttsel problems of nonlocal elliptic equations.

Evolution of molecular structure of TATB under shock loading from transient Raman spectroscopic technique

By combination of the transient Raman spectroscopic measurement and the density functional theoretical calculations,the structural evolution and stability of TATB under shock compression was investigated.Due to the improvement in synchronization control between two-stage light gas gun and the transient Raman spectra acquisition,as well as the sample preparation,the Raman peak of the N-O mode of TATB was firstly observed under shock pressure up to 13.6 GPa,noticeably higher than the upper limit of 8.5 GPa reported in available literatures.By taking into account of the continuous shift of the main peak and other observed Raman peaks,we did not distinguish any structural transition or any new species.Moreover,both the present Raman spectra and the time-resolved radiation of TATB during shock loading showed that TATB exhibits higher chemical stability than previous declaration.To reveal the detailed structural response and evolution of TATB under compression,the density functional theoretical calculations were conducted,and it was found that the pressure make N-O bond lengths shorter,nitro bond angles larger,and intermolecular and intra-molecular hydrogen bond interactions enhanced.The observed red shift of Raman peak was ascribed to the abnormal enhancement of H-bound effect on the scissor vibration mode of the nitro group.

Raman Spectra of Liquid Nitromethane under Singly Shocked Conditions

Raman spectra of liquid nitromethane were measured in single-shock experiments using transient Raman scattering system with high sensitivity. The measurement system was combined with a two-stage light gas gun to interrogate the vibrational mode-dependent behaviors of shock-compressed nitromethane molecules. Up to 12 GPa, all Raman peaks were able to be clearly detected, and showed the shock-induced shifting and broadening, but no signs of chemical changes occurred in the sample. Thus, it is concluded that chemical reactions could not be initiated in singly-shocked nitromethane below 12 GPa.

基于STFT-AOK的星箭力学环境等效频谱分析

星箭力学环境的频谱特性研究对于力学试验环境条件设计非常重要。工程上通常基于冲击响应谱变换获得力学环境参数等效频谱,然而该方法受稳态放大系数Q取值的影响较大。为此,文章提出一种基于短时傅里叶变换–自适应优化核函数(STFT-AOK)融合技术的星箭力学环境等效频谱分析方法。研究结果表明:STFT-AOK方法可在AOK准确定位频率成分和瞬态特征时频区域的基础上,结合STFT的准确幅值,构造出频率分辨率高且幅值准确的时频分布,实现力学环境等效频谱的有效获取,适用于各种复杂瞬态星箭力学环境参数的频谱分析。

Influence of sampling on three-dimensional surface shape measurement

In order to accurately measure an object’s three-dimensional surface shape,the influence of sampling on it was studied.First,on the basis of deriving spectra expressions through the Fourier transform,the generation of CCD pixels was analyzed,and its expression was given.Then,based on the discrete expression of deformation fringes obtained after sampling,its Fourier spectrum expression was derived,resulting in an infinitely repeated"spectra island"in the frequency domain.Finally,on the basis of using a low-pass filter to remove high-order harmonic components and retaining only one fundamental frequency component,the inverse Fourier transform was used to reconstruct the signal strength.A method of reducing the sampling interval,i.e.,reducing the number of sampling points per fringe,was proposed to increase the ratio between the sampling frequency and the fundamental frequency of the grating.This was done to reconstruct the object’s surface shape more accurately under the condition of m>4.The basic principle was verified through simulation and experiment.In the simulation,the sampling intervals were 8 pixels,4 pixels,2 pixels,and 1 pixel,the maximum absolute error values obtained in the last three situations were 88.80%,38.38%,and 31.50%in the first situation,respectively,and the corresponding average absolute error values are 71.84%,43.27%,and 32.26%.It is demonstrated that the smaller the sampling interval,the better the recovery effect.Taking the same four sampling intervals in the experiment as in the simulation can also lead to the same conclusions.The simulated and experimental results show that reducing the sampling interval can improve the accuracy of object surface shape measurement and achieve better reconstruction results.

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characterization of soil dissolved organic matters in the fluctuating water-level zone of Kai County,Three Gorges Reservoir

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the fluorescent properties of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)in the water-levelfluctuation zone(WLFZ)of Kai County,Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR).Most of the soil DOM analyzed in this study was found to contain four fluorescence peaks.Peaks A and C represent humic-like fluorescence,whereas peaks B and D represent tryptophan-like fluorescence.Peaks E and F,which represent tyrosine-like fluorescence,only appeared in certain soils.Soil humus was the main source of DOM in soil,and higher concentration of soil DOM was found in the exposed soil than submerged soil.Compared to the peaks A and B,the fluorescence intensities of peaks C and D were strongly influenced by the fluctuating water level.Analysis of fluorescence intensities of different peaks in soil DOM showed that WLFZ soil was not contaminated significantly.Soil DOM contained at least two types of humic-like fluorescence groups and two types of protein-like fluorescence groups.The proportion of the content of peak A in soil organic matter was quite stable.The soil DOM in exposed soil had relatively high humification and aromaticity,and periodic submerging and exposure of soil had an impact on the humification of soil DOM.

Some discussions on the prediction model of three-dimensional shock losses

Wennerstrom and Puterbaugh （1984） presented a model for predicting the shock loss in a compressor blade row that took into account the three-dimemionality of the shock surface. Both the measured data and the numerical solution show that the shock surface is almost normal to the relative flow on each S1 stream surface near the design flow condition. The shock surface is oblique in the spanwise direction because of the sweep of

月球探测器软着陆冲击力学环境研究

针对我国月球探测二期工程中将会遇到的月面软着陆任务,分析探测器的着陆冲击力学环境。提出一种适用于探测器方案设计阶段的着陆冲击力学环境预示方法:利用探测器着陆稳定性试验中测得的缓冲机构作用力作为激励,采用有限元方法求解系统的动力学响应;采用加速度响应的冲击响应谱描述探测器着陆冲击力学环境;用响应谱的包络加上一定的安全系数来确定探测器着陆冲击的最大期望环境。对某探测器的具体分析表明:由于着陆缓冲机构的缓冲特性,软着陆冲击力学环境的能量主要集中在接近准静态的低频段,而在高频段没有比运载发射阶段力学环境更严酷。因此在低频段需要设计专门的试验标准来考核设备。

洗衣机包装系统在矩形波冲击下的特性研究

研究矩形脉冲作用下洗衣机的冲击响应。研究表明箱体和桶体具有不同的冲击谱峰值，冲击谱曲线呈现台阶现象和凸峰现象。缓冲垫刚度分配参数β和δ是洗衣机缓冲包装的重要设计参数，它可调整箱体和桶体冲击谱。

基于冲击振动信号的响应谱分析研究

从冲击谱分析的基本原理入手,将冲击谱分析算法的理论和实现途径做出比较分析后采用基于C语言实现了改进的递归数字滤波算法,通过试验验证了算法的正确性,为工程实践中的冲击谱分析提供了一种通用性相对较好的分析手段。

地震动位移反应谱阻尼修正系数研究

阻尼修正系数(DMF)用于抗震设计规范中校正临界阻尼比高于或低于5%的弹性反应谱。在解耦多参数交叉影响的原则下研究了三个主要地震参数(震级、距离和场地条件)对地震动位移反应谱阻尼修正系数的影响。结果表明,DMF随着结构自振周期增大而逐渐趋近于1;随着震级和距离增大,阻尼比对位移反应谱影响随之增大,DMF曲线更加发散,这意味着通过附加阻尼减小结构地震反应对于大震和远震更加有效;场地条件对DMF的影响仅限于近场范围,但无法归纳出明显的影响规律,且随距离增大,不同场地对应的DMF之间的差异逐渐缩小。通过人工合成地震动数值试验,分析加速度反应谱与位移反应谱DMF曲线,得出结论:地震动频谱分量随频率的相对变化速度,对位移反应谱DMF曲线起控制性作用。最后提出了适宜于抗震设计规范采用的DMF公式,并利用实际强震记录数据拟合了DMF公式中的关键参数。

前峰锯齿脉冲激励下正切型非线性包装系统的冲击响应

研究具有正切型非线性特性的包装系统在前峰锯齿脉冲激励下的冲击响应，求得了产品包装系统的非线性动力学方程，讨论了相关参数对冲击谱曲线和边界破损曲线的影响。

矩形波冲击下瓦楞纸板缓冲包装衬垫的冲击响应

以已有的瓦楞纸板本构模型为基础,建立动力学方程,通过数值计算方法,着重研究了瓦楞纸板在矩形波激励下阻尼系数及线性参量对瓦楞纸板缓冲包装系统冲击谱和破损边界的影响。

半正弦脉冲激励下考虑易损件的正切型包装系统冲击特性研究

研究考虑易损件的正切型包装系统在半正弦脉冲激励下的冲击特性。建立二自由度非线性产品包装系统模型,得到冲击动力学方程并数值求解。提出适合描述考虑易损件的产品包装系统三维冲击谱新概念,并进一步讨论了频率比、脉冲激励幅值和系统参数对易损件冲击谱的影响规律,结果表明,频率比、脉冲激励幅值和系统参数对易损件冲击响应峰值影响显著,研究结论为产品包装设计提供科学依据。

后峰锯齿脉冲激励下正切型非线性包装系统的冲击响应

应用数值方法，求解单自由度产品包装系统的非线性动力学方程，得到了后峰锯齿波冲击下正切型非线性包装系统的冲击响应，讨论了相关参数对冲击谱曲线和边界破损曲线的影响。

新型摆锤式冲击响应谱试验台的研制

摆锤式冲击响应谱试验台是爆炸冲击环境远区模拟的主要设备之一。现有摆锤式冲击台摆锤提升速度慢、负载小、响应加速度量级小,不能满足试验需求,需要研制大负载高量级的摆锤式冲击台。在新型冲击台的设计中提出了一种新的摆锤提升方法,实现了摆锤的快速提升和防二次冲击。经测试,新型冲击台各项指标均达到设计要求,其性能分析对后续冲击响应谱台的设计和试验调试有一定的指导作用。

半正弦波冲击时瓦楞纸板破损边界研究

根据瓦楞纸板平压静态模型,研究瓦楞纸板缓冲衬垫简化模型的包装材料在半正弦波激励下的冲击响应,建立动力学方程.应用四阶龙格-库塔数值法求解,从而得到瓦楞纸板包装系统的冲击谱和破损边界曲线,讨论了相关参数对它们的影响.结果表明,瓦楞纸板缓冲衬垫的系统参数(α、β、γ)对系统冲击谱和破损边界曲线有显著的影响.

航天器的冲击谱模拟试验方法

在整个寿命周期内,航天器上的仪器设备可能经历分离冲击等具有高幅值、高频率特点的复杂冲击环境,可能对电子设备等产生致命危害,甚至导致飞行故障。本文对航天产品的复杂冲击环境模拟试验技术发展及其应用现状进行了概述。详细说明了各种冲击谱模拟试验方法的基本原理,并比较了每种方法的优缺点和适用范围。结合我国航天工程的发展要求和技术现状,为相关技术发展提出了建议。

剪切式爆炸螺栓火工冲击作用解耦试验及特性

为了辨识剪切式爆炸螺栓冲击产生的来源,设计了有预紧力、无预紧力、无活塞剪切和仅火药燃烧四种不同状态的爆炸螺栓,实现了火药燃烧、活塞剪切薄弱面、活塞行程末端碰撞和预紧力释放四种冲击源的解耦,利用压阻加速传感器测量其在60 cm×60 cm×1 cm的等效铝板上距冲击源中心15 cm处的响应加速度,以此计算出了各冲击源的冲击响应谱,并与整个事件的冲击响应谱进行对比分析。结果表明,不同冲击源的特性不同,火药燃烧诱导的冲击主要表现为高频,而活塞剪切薄弱面和活塞行程末端碰撞引起的冲击集中在中低频。在整个频域内,预紧力释放是整个冲击响应输出的主要贡献者,大约占57.51%,而火药燃烧、活塞剪切和活塞碰撞三个冲击源的贡献相当。