Online Learning Control for Harmonics Reduction Based on Current Controlled Voltage Source Power Inverters

Nonlinear loads in the power distribution system cause non-sinusoidal currents and voltages with harmonic components.Shunt active filters(SAF) with current controlled voltage source inverters(CCVSI) are usually used to obtain balanced and sinusoidal source currents by injecting compensation currents.However,CCVSI with traditional controllers have a limited transient and steady state performance.In this paper,we propose an adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) controller with online learning capability to improve transient response and harmonics.The proposed controller works alongside existing proportional integral(PI) controllers to efficiently track the reference currents in the d-q domain.It can generate adaptive control actions to compensate the PI controller.The proposed system was simulated under different nonlinear(three-phase full wave rectifier) load conditions.The performance of the proposed approach was compared with the traditional approach.We have also included the simulation results without connecting the traditional PI control based power inverter for reference comparison.The online learning based ADP controller not only reduced average total harmonic distortion by 18.41%,but also outperformed traditional PI controllers during transients.

Flexible Power Regulation and Limitation of Voltage Source Inverters under Unbalanced Grid Faults

This paper develops a flexible power regulation and limitation strategy of voltage source inverters(VSIs)under unbalanced grid faults.When the classical power theory is used under unbalanced grid faults,the power oscillations and current distortions are inevitable.In the proposed strategy,the extended power theory is introduced to compute the power feedbacks together with the classical power theory.Based on the combination of the classical and extended power theory,the proposed strategy can achieve the sinusoidal current provision and the flexible regulation between three common targets,i.e.,constant active power,balanced current,and constant reactive power.Meanwhile,the proposed strategy is associated with a power limiter,which is capable to keep the currents under the pre-defined threshold and to compute the maximum apparent power for better utilization of the inverter capacity.With this power limiter,the rated inverter capacity is fully used for both the active and reactive power provisions under unbalanced grid faults.Using the proposed power regulation and limitation,the VSI can avoid overcurrent tripping and flexibly regulate its power under unbalanced grid faults.All the conclusions are verified by the real-time hardware-in-loop tests.

Design and Implementation of ANFIS Controller Based Grid Connected Voltage Source Inverters in RTOS Environment

In this manuscript it is proposed and demonstrated that how an ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) can be used in the control of a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) connected to the grid. Volatile changes in the gird parameters rising by its variable demands and other related issues may humiliate the efficiency with which power can be injected into the grid. The system becomes a higher order one with the filters used at the terminal of the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) along with the parameters of the grid which change from time to time. Single time tuned mathematical controllers like the PID variants are not suitable for such applications. Considering the increased order of the system and the associated non-linearity we have to look out for intelligent controllers. An ANFIS based control is found to be promising;the development and implementation of one such are demonstrated in this paper using the MATLAB SIMULINK platform and through experimental verification using the Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) Microcontroller Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) processor as the central controller for the VSI.

Soft switching arc welding power source using output inductor as resonant inductor

Full bridge Zero Voltage Switch PWM converter combines advantages of the PWM control technique and resonant technique. However, Full ZVS is achieved only under large load current because resonant tank of this circuit is made up of the parasitic capacitance of the power semiconductors and the leakage inductor of the transformer primary. In this paper two saturable inductors as magnetic switches are added to secondary, so output inductor is always reflected to primary and assists resonant transition. Full ZVS is achieved under lower load current. The above mentioned investigated results are validated by the computerized simulation and hardware circuit experiment.

Controlling the output power of soft switching arc welding inverter by two-stage continuous PWM method

The full bridge zero voltage zero current switching （ FB-ZVZCS ） , which could adjust the output power by keeping the duty ratio of lagging leg constant and changing the duty ratio of leading leg, was a common circuit of soft switching arc welding inverter power source. However, when the duty ratio of leading leg was reduced to zero, the output power stayed the constant value instead of becoming zero. The working status and waveforms of some major parameters were studied in this paper while the duty ratio of leading leg was zero. It was concluded that the minimum output power of soft switching inverter was related to the charging voltage of paraUel capacitors, and the output power also could be reduced by reducing the duty ratio of lagging leg. A novel two-stage continuous PWM control method that could switch working-mode between full bridge and half bridge was put forward in this paper. This kind of control method could further reduce the output power of soft switching inverter in order to meet the requirement of low heat input of sheet metal welding.

Optimized damping for LCL filters in three-phase voltage source inverters coupled by power grid

The application of LCL filters has become popular for inverters connected to the power grid due to their advantages in harmonic current reductions. However,the power grid in a distribution system is non-ideal, presenting itself as a voltage source with significant impedance. This means that an inverter using an LCL filter may interact with other grid-connected inverters via the nonideal grid. In this paper, damping optimization of LCLfilters to reduce this interaction is studied for a three-phase voltage source inverter(VSI). Simulation results show that resonant oscillation occurs in a distributed power grid, even if the VSI with an LCL filter is well designed for standalone applications. A small-signal analysis is performed to predict this stability problem and to locate the boundary of the instability using an impedance approach. Based on these analytical results, optimized damping of the LCLfilter can be designed. The oscillation phenomena and optimized damping design are verified by simulations and experimental measurements.

Structure and Control of an Inverter Type Power Source for Robot Arc Welding

An inverter type power source system for robot arc welding is considered. The power source includes several isolated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) inverter power units. The output current of every individual power unit is regulated by an identical single chip microcomputer to enable the whole power source system to work over a wide range of continuous output current with good dynamic properties. This inverter type power source satisfies robotic welding requirements.

多电平三相电压源逆变器结构优化设计

目前多电平三相电压源逆变器被广泛应用于高压、大功率电子设备中,为解决传统三相电压源逆变器运行中出现的直流侧电容电压失衡问题,基于空间矢量调制开关直流电源对逆变器结构进行优化设计。建立多电平三相电压源逆变器等效模型,利用60°坐标的空间矢量调制算法实现空间矢量调制,利用电容电压平衡算法充分考虑不同矢量间的切换顺序,实现电容电流平衡。实验结果表明,对比传统方法,该方法调制多电平三相电压源逆变器输出线电压波形畸变率为0.18%,电容点电压波动可控制在3 V以内,优于对比方法,具有更好的应用性能。

新能源接入下光伏逆变器快速功率控制方法

由于现有的控制方法跟踪控制过程失败,不同节点控制后的功率超过3600 W,因此研究新能源接入下光伏逆变器快速功率控制方法。通过建立逆变器阵列优化数学模型,添加对应的约束条件。根据逆变器的工作周期,确定开关的占空比,通过划定不同功率等级能获得电路功率的损耗情况。运用改进粒子群算法对逆变器的最大功率点进行跟踪控制,改变光伏阵列的输出电压。通过搜索全局区域调整后可得到最优解。使用修正PI控制器进行模糊实时调节,将电流解耦,将新能源输入的有功功率进行分配输出从而完成对功率的快速控制。实验结果表明,实验组在最大功率点跟踪控制过程中能最终收敛于光伏阵列的全局最大功率点,能准确对结果进行跟踪控制,达到良好的控制效果;经过不同节点控制后的功率始终稳定在3500~3600 W之间,结果符合预期,有效地解决了电压较高的缺陷,实现了光伏逆变器快速功率控制。

一种Z源光伏并网逆变器及其共模漏电流抑制

传统准Z源桥式并网逆变器(GCI)具有允许桥臂直通、直流电压利用率高等优点,但存在体积大、可靠性低和共模漏电流高的缺陷。针对传统准Z源桥式GCI的问题,首先提出一种具有更小体积的新型耦合电感线圈Z源光伏并网逆变器(ZPGCI)及其调制策略。然后,对ZPGCI的运行模态、共模漏电流与桥臂直通状态进行探究,理论研究表明新型ZPGCI不仅具有允许桥臂直通和可靠性高的优点,且可有效抑制传统准Z源桥式GCI的高频共模漏电流。最后,对传统准Z源桥式GCI和新型ZPGCI进行对比实验分析,验证ZPGCI电路设计及其理论推理的正确性。

基于改进双闭环的V2G并网逆变器直流母线电压控制

V2G双向功率变换器处于放电模式即作为并网逆变器使用时,具有非线性、强耦合、负载扰动大等特性,传统的PI双闭环控制难以取得很好的控制效果。针对直流母线电压控制易受多源干扰影响的问题,提出了一种自抗扰模型预测功率控制。模型预测功率控制作为功率内环,自抗扰控制作为电压外环;使用在工程中更具意义的线性自抗扰控制技术,并进行降阶处理,降低了系统的复杂度;对传统PI双闭环、模型预测功率控制以及以自抗扰模型预测功率控制进行了对比研究。仿真结果验证了所提出的改进双闭环控制策略在多源扰动下的暂态性能更好,抗扰性能更强。

一种单相Quasi-Z源逆变器二次谐波电流抑制策略

为抑制单相qZSI直流侧二次谐波电流,提出一种基于虚拟阻抗的二次谐波电流抑制策略。该控制策略通过引入串联虚拟阻抗附加控制以提高单相qZSI在2f_(0)处的闭环输出阻抗,用以有效抑制直流侧的二次谐波电流。同时,综合考虑二次谐波电流抑制要求以及保证系统稳定裕度等约束条件,提出该控制策略的闭环参数设计方法。最后通过数字仿真和基于RT-LAB的硬件在环仿真验证了所提二次谐波电流抑制策略以及其闭环参数设计方法的正确性。

基于可再生能源的通信电源系统设计与性能分析

在可再生能源日益受到关注的背景下,文章提出一种基于可再生能源的通信电源系统设计方案,并对详细分析系统性能。该系统利用可再生能源作为主要能源,结合储能设备和传统电网,为通信设备提供可靠的电力支持。最后提出评估系统的稳定性和能源利用效率的方式方法,为实际应用提供可行性分析。

CSI and CSI7 Current Source Inverters for Modular Transformerless PV Inverters

Current source inverter(CSI)is a class of power electronic converters that,thanks to the inherent boost capability and ease of control,is investigated for grid-tied photovoltaic power conversion applications.Traditional CSI and CSI7 topologies are here analyzed and compared with two kind of space vector modulation strategies mainly in terms of ground leakage current both in simulations and experiments.Furthermore,THD of the injected grid current and the computation of conduction and switching semiconductor power losses are also carried out in numerical simulations.The topology comparison is carried out with the use of a different number of PV modules,to analyze the robustness of the topologies to different size of the PV strings.Simulation and experimental results show that the CSI7 topology,with respect to conventional CSI,allows to strongly reduce ground leakage current,phase current THD and semicondutor power losses,at the price of an additional power device.

准Z源级联光伏并网逆变器功率平衡控制

提出一种基于准Z源级联逆变器功率平衡控制的调制波分配方法,该方法的核心是将系统所需无功功率由某一个级联单元提供,并网有功功率由所有级联单元平均分配,然后按这一功率分配原则生成各级联单元调制波;由于准Z源级联逆变器结构特点,在应用时直通占空比存在一定约束条件,因此基于调制波分配方法,推导出实现功率平衡控制的准Z源级联逆变器的直通占空比约束条件;最后通过载波移相调制控制各级联单元逆变实现并网。仿真与实验结果验证级联单元输入功率不平衡时,该策略能有效保障直流母线电压的稳定和光伏模块最大功率输出,实现单位功率因数并网。

开关电感型单相五电平电流源逆变器

多电平电流源逆变器因具有高安全性、低输出谐波特性等优点得到广泛关注。提出了一种开关电感型单相五电平电流源逆变器,其直流控制单元采用Buck结构,为电感提供了独立的充放电回路,实现了电感电流控制与输出电流控制的完全解耦,使用较小电感即可控制电流稳定。所提逆变器采用开关电感结构形成多电平输出,减少了器件数目,利用其高度对称性可简化外围电路设计。针对于单相逆变器输入侧电感电流存在二倍频波动的问题,在传统比例积分控制的基础上,增加功率前馈控制,以储能电感在每个开关周期内实现电流恒定作为先决条件,折算不同状态下直流侧开关器件的占空比扰动量,在不增加电路复杂度的前提下,采用较少器件和小储能电感有效抑制了电感电流的二倍频波动,减小了输出电流中3次谐波含量和总谐波畸变率,提高了输出电能质量。最后,通过仿真和实验验证了所提拓扑和控制策略的可行性。

计及脉冲分配的不对称型电流源逆变器直流侧纹波电流抑制

单相电流源逆变器输出功率含有二倍频分量,使得直流侧功率存在二倍频波动,如果采用较小的储能电感,会产生较大的电感电流低频纹波,增大电感损耗,同时也不利于逆变器输出滤波电路的优化设计。针对这种情况,该文通过分析所设计的不对称型单相七电平电流源逆变器各电感电流在输出侧的功率分配情况,提出一种计及脉冲分配的功率前馈控制策略。仿真和实验结果表明,在满足储能电感轻量化的前提下,所提控制策略能够有效抑制电感电流低频纹波,减小输出电流低次谐波含量,验证所提逆变器和控制策略的正确性。

柔性直流输电技术的工程应用和发展展望

柔性直流输电技术作为新一代的直流输电技术,具有有功无功独立控制、响应快速灵活、扩展性强等突出优点,广泛应用于风电送出、电网互联、无源网络供电和远距离大容量输电等场景。在中国新型电力系统建设的背景下,针对新能源送出和多直流馈入电网安全稳定提升等重大需求,柔性直流输电技术优势将进一步凸显。文中对柔性直流输电技术的发展现状和趋势进行梳理,以多个代表性的柔性直流输电工程为例,系统地阐述了中国柔性直流输电技术的工程实践经验,重点介绍了柔性直流输电技术在新能源送出、电网互联和远距离大容量输电的典型应用及工程运行情况。最后,文中分析了新型电力系统下柔性直流输电技术的发展前景并指出所面临的挑战,为柔性直流输电技术的发展与应用提供参考。

一种可抑制共模电流的三相Sepic电流源逆变器

该文将Sepic电路和传统电流源逆变器结合,提出一种新型可升降压的三相电流源逆变器,并通过构建直流旁路,实现对共模电流的抑制。所提出的新型逆变器拓扑具有能实现升降压、调制方式简单且易于实现等优点,可适用于直流电压范围变化较大的光伏发电等场合。该文首先介绍了三相Sepic电流源逆变器电路拓扑的构造方法和工作原理;其次,推导了逆变器在任意开关时刻的共模电压表达式,并对其共模电流抑制效果进行分析;然后,建立逆变器的等效电路图和数学模型,详细分析逆变器的升降压能力;最后,通过仿真和实验证明所提出的三相Sepic电流源逆变器及其控制方案的有效性和可行性。

Adaptive perturb and observe maximum power point tracking with current predictive and decoupled power control for gridconnected photovoltaic inverters

In order to improve maximum power point tracking(MPPT) performance, a variable and adaptive perturb and observe(P&O)method with current predictive control is proposed. This is applied in three-phase threelevel neutral-point clamped(NPC) photovoltaic(PV)generation systems. To control the active power and the reactive power independently,the decoupled power control combined with a space vector modulation block is adopted for three-phase NPC inverters in PV generation systems.To balance the neutral-point voltage of the three-phase NPC grid-connected inverter, a proportional and integral control is used by adj usting the dwell time of small voltage vectors. A three-phase NPC inverter rated at 12 kVA was established. The performance of the proposed method was tested and compared with the fixed perturbation MPPT algorithm under different conditions. Experimental results confirm the feasibility and advantages of the proposed method.