Construction of Legal System of China's Farmland Protection under the Coexistence of Multiple Objectives:Historical Logic,Practical Problems and Optimization Paths

[Objectives]To explore the evolution of the legal system of farmland protection and explore the rules and characteristics of policy development based on the theory and logic of institutional change since China's reform and opening up,reveal the problems and deep-seated reasons of its legislation,clarify the direction of farmland protection in the new period,and solve the"non-agricultural""non-grain"and ecological problems of farmland.[Methods]Literature analysis and inductive deduction methods were used.[Results]The evolution of the farmland protection legal system has gone through the process of"national consciousness-policy guidelines-institutional system",the change from"single subject to multiple subjects";change from the use of"one-way administrative means to coordinated use of administrative,economic and technical means".The practical problems of the farmland protection legal system are mainly due to the insufficient systematization of the farmland protection legal system itself,the generalization of quantity protection,the transformation of quality protection,and the absence of ecological protection.[Conclusions]It is recommended to improve the existing farmland protection legal system from the establishment of the Farmland Protection Law,the improvement of the farmland protection public participation mechanism and supervision mechanism,the establishment of the farmland quality construction and improvement system,the differentiated farmland occupation and supplementation balance system,and the ecological restoration system.

The Path Exploration on the Inheritance and Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage

With the development of economy and society,China’s cultural heritage survival environment is worsening,the inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritage become a common concern of mankind.It is of great importance to use reasonable and scientific protection methods,the author explore path on the inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritage:(1)To strengthen the research and publicity of the value of the intangible cultural heritage;(2)let the intangible cultural heritage education into the campus;(3)To protect the cultural ecology on the intangible cultural heritage;(4)To Protect the inheritors of the intangible cultural heritage;(5)To encourage using minorities languages;(6)To establish archives of the intangible cultural heritage.According to the exploation path,the intangible cultural heritage would be realized the effective protection of the intangible cultural heritage and sustainable inheritance.

Integrated dynamic shared protection algorithm for GMPLS networks

The path protection approach is widely investigated as a survivability solution for GMPLS networks, which has the advantage of efficient capacity utilization. However, there is a problem of the path protection approach that searching a disjoint backup path for a primary path is often unsuccessful. In order to resolve this problem, an integrated dynamic shared protection （IDSP） algorithm is proposed. The main idea of the proposed algorithm is that the path protection approach is first used to establish a backup path for the primary path; if the establishment is unsuccessful, then the primary path is dynamically divided into segments whose hop count are not fixed but not more than the limitation calculated by the equations introduced. In this proposal, backup bandwidth sharing is allowed to improve the capacity utilization ratio, which makes the link cost function quite different from previous ones. Simulation experiments are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method compared with previous methods. Numerical results show that IDSP can not only achieve low protection failure probability but can also gain a better tradeoff between the protection overbuild and the average recovery time.

Efficient Routing Protection Algorithm Based on Optimized Network Topology

Network failures are unavoidable and occur frequently.When the network fails,intra-domain routing protocols deploying on the Internet need to undergo a long convergence process.During this period,a large number of messages are discarded,which results in a decline in the user experience and severely affects the quality of service of Internet Service Providers(ISP).Therefore,improving the availability of intra-domain routing is a trending research question to be solved.Industry usually employs routing protection algorithms to improve intra-domain routing availability.However,existing routing protection schemes compute as many backup paths as possible to reduce message loss due to network failures,which increases the cost of the network and impedes the methods deployed in practice.To address the issues,this study proposes an efficient routing protection algorithm based on optimized network topology(ERPBONT).ERPBONT adopts the optimized network topology to calculate a backup path with the minimum path coincidence degree with the shortest path for all source purposes.Firstly,the backup path with the minimum path coincidence with the shortest path is described as an integer programming problem.Then the simulated annealing algorithm ERPBONT is used to find the optimal solution.Finally,the algorithm is tested on the simulated topology and the real topology.The experimental results show that ERPBONT effectively reduces the path coincidence between the shortest path and the backup path,and significantly improves the routing availability.

Protection Model of Security Systems Based on Neyman-Person Criterion

In this paper security systems deployed over an area are regarded abstractly as a diagram of security network. We propose the Neyman-Pearson protection model for security systems, which can be used to determine the protection probability of a security system and find the weakest breach path of a security network. We present the weakest breach path problem formulation, which is defined by the breach protection probability of an unauthorized target passing through a guard field, and provide a solution for this problem by using the Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm. Finally we study the variation of the breach protection probability with the change of the parameters of the model.

Optimal Piling Network Corrosion Protection System for Al-Zubair Harbor

Cathodic protection is an effective electrochemical technique for preventing corrosion of metallic structures, for large structures like piles network impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system is usually preferred. The main aim of this study is to obtain the optimum protection potential that would provide a full cathodic protection for steel piles net-work immersed in sea water at Al-Zubair harbor. The effect of one immeasurable factor (path of anode (χ1)) and two measurable factors (position of anode (χ2) and voltage of power supply (χ3)) on protection potential are studied. Each factor has three different levels (high, medium, and low). Twenty-seven experiments were conducted based on a full factorial design of experiments. The results show that, a sufficient protection for three cathodes can be provided through the electrical circuit connecting them within the appropriate geometric shape.The protection potential is icreased with increasing the voltage of power supply and decreasing of distance between the anode and cathodes (piles network).

Persist in Law-based Protection of Human Rights and Improve the Mechanism for the Protection of Human Rights by the Rule of Law

General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech on China’s Path of Human Rights at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on February 25,2022.Persisting with the law-based protection of human rights and improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law are essential for unswervingly following the development path of human rights in China.The improvement of the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law necessitates adhering to the principle of respecting the dominant role of the people and removing the institutional obstacles in rule of law protection of human rights;to comprehensively strengthen the implementation of the Constitution,advance the filing and examination of the Constitution,and safeguard the authority of the Constitution;to accelerate the theoretical innovation of human rights and the construction of the discipline system,the academic system and the discourse system of human rights that meet the needs of the new era in China,and to actively participate in and contribute to the global governance on human rights,etc.Improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law can provide a solid protection for people enjoying a better life.

On the Criminal Protection of the Right to Education of Chinese Citizens——With a Review on Article 32 of the Amendment to the Criminal Law(Ⅺ)

The Amendment(Ⅺ)to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China responds to the institutional needs of civic education,and supplements the clause of the Criminal Law on protection of citizens’right to education nuy means of Article 32.Imposing legal responsibility in the form of internal punishments,administrative punishments,and economic compensation have failed to prevent infringements on citizens’right to education.Its role as a"secondary protection law"is the conceptual obstacle that hinders the Criminal Law from effectively intervening in the field of citizens’right to education.The equivalence between the legal interests of people to the right to education and the rights protected by the existing charges in the Criminal Law is the legitimate basis for it to intervene in disputes over the right to education.Based on Article 32 of the Amendment(Ⅺ)to the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China,it is suggested to further clarify the prepositional law,improve the liability provisions for the right to education,change the modest and restrained view of the Criminal Law regarding protection of the right to education,and expand the behavior types of Article 32 provided in the Amendment(Ⅺ)in due time.

双目视觉三维重建下的植保机作业优化研究

以喷雾植保机自动化作业路径规划为研究对象,利用双目视觉摄像机对作业环境区域内的障碍物进行检测,并基于三维重建技术构建障碍物空间位置坐标,根据检测到的障碍物位置信息对喷雾植保机的避障路径进行规划,以保证喷雾植保机作业过程可实时避障。试验结果表明:喷雾植保机能够按照预先设定的作业路径行进,遇到障碍物时能够及时进行障碍检测,并根据规划路径进行避障,保证了喷雾作业的有效实施。

新业态从业青年劳动权益保护的路径研究

新业态在吸收大量青年劳动者的同时,也给从业青年权益保障带来了新的问题。由于相关的法规、制度建设滞后,新业态从业青年面临劳动关系认定困难、社保机制不够完善、劳动维权有难度,政府管理有缺位等现实问题。保护新业态从业青年的劳动权益,要建立适应新业态的社会保障制度,依法创建良好的司法保护环境,通过改革创新,构建全方位的青年权益保障机制。

体育强国背景下运动防护人才发展的实然之困与应然之策

该文采用文献资料法、理论分析等方法,综合分析了体育强国背景下发展运动防护的重要性、困境及路径,究其困境主要为开展运动防护教育的院校少、运动防护师职业资格认证体系不完善、设岗少等。基于此,在借鉴国外运动防护发展先进经验的基础上,以体育强国战略为依托,提出了运动防护人才发展路径,旨在为体育强国建设作出应有的贡献。

个人信息保护公益诉讼的问题反思与完善路径

随着科技发展、社会进步,人们正在步入信息社会。信息时代在给我们的工作生活带来方便快捷的同时也带来了相关问题,其中对个人信息权利的侵害就是当下人们所关注的话题。尽管我国在2021年出台了《个人信息保护法》,但关于个人信息保护公益诉讼的规定却比较粗略,实践中关于个人信息保护公益诉讼也存在一定的问题与争议。基于此,在对个人信息保护公益诉讼做出理论概述的基础上,对我国个人信息保护公益诉讼的问题进行了必要的反思,提出了通过确立个人信息权、完善个人信息保护公益诉讼程序制度、设立公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿制度以及建立个人信息保护专项资金账户等路径完善我国个人信息保护公益诉讼,保护公民个人信息,维护社会稳定,促进经济社会的健康有序发展。

论跨境代孕中公共秩序保留制度的适用

一国对跨境代孕的法律态度体现的是本国或者本民族所维护的公共利益和价值追求,因此跨境代孕问题的处理实际是公共秩序在法律多元化环境下的正确适用。而公共秩序保留制度因在跨境代孕中存在适用范围模糊、适用标准不一等问题,在司法实践中常有被“滥用”的情况,严重损害了代孕儿童权益。为回应国际社会对公共秩序保留限制性适用的强烈要求,各国应将保护儿童权益作为处理代孕儿童相关事务的出发点,通过明确公共秩序的效力适用范围、统一其适用标准及深化对其谨慎适用的司法实践,以达至儿童权益与公共秩序间的利益平衡。

个人信息保护公益诉讼制度建构路径优化——基于实体法与程序法交互方法

个人信息保护公益诉讼兼具实体法与程序法双重属性,基于实体法或程序法单一维度的制度建构将会陷入“一元观”困境。实体法与程序法交互为个人信息保护公益诉讼程序建构提供一种实体法关照。通过优化最具交互特征的三个支点:受案范围、责任形式和证明责任,不仅能够促进个人信息保护公益诉讼制度建构的二元论,也有利于推动实体法与程序法的一体化衔接,实现司法程序正义与实质正义。其一,从实体法维度,将“不特定多数人”公共利益说作为基础,增加“规模性”与“无差别性”的标准,解决受案范围“众多个人权益”的程序判断难题。其二,从程序法维度,通过诉讼信托的方式,允许原告受让惩罚性赔偿请求权,解决惩罚性赔偿这一责任形式缺乏实体适用空间难题。其三,从交互维度,一方面承认法官裁量分配证明责任,解决“规范说”在新型复杂案件的实体失范难题;另一方面设定证明责任减轻的请求权基础,解决裁判失度的程序适用难题。

一种基于转发图的域内路由保护算法

业界提出利用路由保护算法来解决网络中的故障问题,然而已有的路由保护算法存在4个方面的问题:1)无法应对网络中所有可能的单故障情形;2)需要额外辅助机制的协助;3)不支持增量部署;4)每个结点存储多个到达目的地址的备份下一跳.提出一种基于转发图的域内路由保护算法(an intradomain routing protection algorithm based on forwarding graph,RPBFG)来解决这4个问题.首先建立了以最大化故障保护率为目标、以转发图包含反向最短路径树为约束条件的路由保护模型;然后提出了利用遗传算法构造满足上述目标的转发图;最后根据构造的转发图计算出所有结点到达目的结点的备份下一跳.在11个真实拓扑结构中比较了RPBFG,NPC,U-turn,MARA-MA,MARA-SPE在故障保护率和路径拉伸度的性能.实验结果表明,RPBFG可以应对网络中所有可能的单故障;在平均路径拉伸度方面,RPBFG比NPC,U-turn,MARA-MA,MARA-SPE分别降低了0.11%,0.72%,37.79%,36.26%.

基于语音识别处理的植保无人机航行路径控制研究

设计了基于HMM的语音识别处理算法,分析了植保无人机的结构与工作原理,并利用改进人工势场法对植保无人机的飞行控制和航行轨迹规划进行分析了研究。试验结果表明:语音控制控制准确度非常高,达到了90%及以上;植保无人机航行路径控制准确,能够成功避开障碍物,并动态规划最优飞行路径。

零碳服务区建设技术路径探讨

在碳达峰、碳中和背景下,国家对于交通行业绿色低碳发展提出了新要求。服务区是公路交通行业的重要节点和对外展示窗口,目前国内提出了发展零碳服务区的目标和要求,也有部分地区开始探索建设零碳服务区,但尚未提出明确的零碳服务区概念,对于如何实现服务区的零碳排放仍缺乏全面认识,尚未形成系统的建设技术路径。本文基于全生命周期理论分析了服务区碳排放来源和特征,通过分析国外零碳建筑概念提出了零碳服务区内涵及建设思路,针对我国服务区建设特点,从选址优化、绿色低碳建材应用、节能低碳建设技术、超低能耗建筑设计、可再生能源开发和利用、碳排放智慧管控技术、资源利用技术和碳汇能力提升八个方面探讨了零碳服务区建设技术路径。

改革开放遗产的价值形态与保护传承路径

立足于城乡历史文化保护传承体系的建构背景,从价值内涵与保护类型两个层面明确了改革开放遗产的保护传承路径。首先,在批判遗产理论视角下,确立改革开放遗产的正式身份,理清保护对象的边界与范畴;其次,在实践层面推进改革开放遗产整体楔入历史文化保护传承体系,实现从“空间全覆盖、要素全囊括”至“时间全贯通”的统筹;最后,在制度层面,加强司法监察层面的底线约束能力,为打通历史文化保护传承的“最后一公里”提供约束机制。

护肝片联合抗感颗粒治疗EBV肝损伤的网络药理学分析

目的:通过网络药理学联合分子对接技术探讨护肝片联合抗感颗粒治疗EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)肝损伤的分子机制。方法:利用TCMSP、HERB数据库和Swiss Target Prediction平台筛选和预测护肝片联合抗感颗粒的活性成分及潜在靶点。通过GeneCards数据库检索EBV肝损伤的相关基因。运用Cytoscape 3.9.1软件构建药物活性成分-靶点网络,并筛选出关键成分。对护肝片联合抗感颗粒治疗EBV肝损伤的潜在作用靶点进行GO及KEGG通路富集分析,并将其导入STRING平台,构建PPI网络,利用MCC和MNC算法筛选出核心靶点。最后,利用CB-Dock对关键成分与核心靶点进行分子对接。结果:共收集护肝片联合抗感颗粒的活性成分96个,护肝片联合抗感颗粒治疗EBV肝损伤的作用靶点57个。GO和KEGG通路富集分析结果主要与细胞因子受体结合、细胞因子活性、人巨细胞病毒感染等功能和通路相关。分子对接结果证实核心靶点STAT3、AKT1、JUN、TP53能稳定地与关键成分槲皮素、山柰酚、木犀草素、金合欢素、异鼠李素结合。结论:护肝片联合抗感颗粒主要通过槲皮素、山柰酚、木犀草素、金合欢素和异鼠李素等关键成分作用于STAT3、AKT1、JUN和TP53等核心靶点,参与细胞因子相关生物细胞过程的调节,最终起到治疗EBV肝损伤的作用。