This paper describes an experimental work in order to assess the efficiency of slit dam on non-viscous debris flow. Some results have been acquired as follows： （1） there are three kinds of blocking type; Total-bloc...This paper describes an experimental work in order to assess the efficiency of slit dam on non-viscous debris flow. Some results have been acquired as follows： （1） there are three kinds of blocking type; Total-blocking, opening and part-blocking. The blocking conditions of slit dam are closely link to b/dmax （the ratio of slit width to maximum diameter of solid matter）, as b/dmax is less than 0. 739, the slit dam is total- blocking; and b/dmax is more than 1. 478, the slit dam will be opening; whereas b/dma ranges from 0. 739 to 1. 478, the slit dam is part-blocking. （2） Variation of the mean density passing through slit dam is the most obvious as b/dmax ranges from 0. 739 to 1. 232. （2） According to experimental results, slit dams have been shown to be effective in reducing debris flow density while slit density ∑ b/B （B is slit dam width） ranges from 0.2 to 0. 5.展开更多
当水流通过泄洪建筑物下泄时,水体中所溶解的温室气体(二氧化碳(CO_(2))、甲烷(CH_(4))等)会因为所受压力的瞬间改变而导致溶解度降低,从而造成气液之间传质的发生及水中温室气体的排放.然而,目前对于泄流条件下水中温室气体排放的研究...当水流通过泄洪建筑物下泄时,水体中所溶解的温室气体(二氧化碳(CO_(2))、甲烷(CH_(4))等)会因为所受压力的瞬间改变而导致溶解度降低,从而造成气液之间传质的发生及水中温室气体的排放.然而,目前对于泄流条件下水中温室气体排放的研究还较为缺乏.鉴于原型观测与模型试验的局限性,本文建立了大坝泄流条件下温室气体排放速率的数学模型,模型基于VOF(volume of fluid)气液两相流模型,考虑了温室气体在过坝下泄过程中发生的气泡传质和自由液面传质.本文以温室气体CO_(2)和CH_(4)为研究对象,分别通过模拟溶解态CO_(2)和CH_(4)在过流坝面和空中挑射过程中及在坝下消力池或水垫塘内的输移扩散,计算得到CO_(2)和CH_(4)在水中的浓度分布及在不同上游来流的温室气体浓度工况下的坝下温室气体排放速率.模拟结果表明,坝下温室气体在水中的浓度分布主要受到上游来流浓度大小、气液传质的发生及溶解气体输移扩散的影响.其中,上游来流的温室气体浓度大小为影响坝下温室气体排放速率的主要因素.本研究为明确不同泄洪方式下的温室气体排放速率的大小和科学评估水电碳足迹提供了新的研究思路和技术基础.展开更多
文摘This paper describes an experimental work in order to assess the efficiency of slit dam on non-viscous debris flow. Some results have been acquired as follows： （1） there are three kinds of blocking type; Total-blocking, opening and part-blocking. The blocking conditions of slit dam are closely link to b/dmax （the ratio of slit width to maximum diameter of solid matter）, as b/dmax is less than 0. 739, the slit dam is total- blocking; and b/dmax is more than 1. 478, the slit dam will be opening; whereas b/dma ranges from 0. 739 to 1. 478, the slit dam is part-blocking. （2） Variation of the mean density passing through slit dam is the most obvious as b/dmax ranges from 0. 739 to 1. 232. （2） According to experimental results, slit dams have been shown to be effective in reducing debris flow density while slit density ∑ b/B （B is slit dam width） ranges from 0.2 to 0. 5.
文摘当水流通过泄洪建筑物下泄时,水体中所溶解的温室气体(二氧化碳(CO_(2))、甲烷(CH_(4))等)会因为所受压力的瞬间改变而导致溶解度降低,从而造成气液之间传质的发生及水中温室气体的排放.然而,目前对于泄流条件下水中温室气体排放的研究还较为缺乏.鉴于原型观测与模型试验的局限性,本文建立了大坝泄流条件下温室气体排放速率的数学模型,模型基于VOF(volume of fluid)气液两相流模型,考虑了温室气体在过坝下泄过程中发生的气泡传质和自由液面传质.本文以温室气体CO_(2)和CH_(4)为研究对象,分别通过模拟溶解态CO_(2)和CH_(4)在过流坝面和空中挑射过程中及在坝下消力池或水垫塘内的输移扩散,计算得到CO_(2)和CH_(4)在水中的浓度分布及在不同上游来流的温室气体浓度工况下的坝下温室气体排放速率.模拟结果表明,坝下温室气体在水中的浓度分布主要受到上游来流浓度大小、气液传质的发生及溶解气体输移扩散的影响.其中,上游来流的温室气体浓度大小为影响坝下温室气体排放速率的主要因素.本研究为明确不同泄洪方式下的温室气体排放速率的大小和科学评估水电碳足迹提供了新的研究思路和技术基础.
