Mechanical Characteristics of a Thrust Magnetic Bearing

Static and dynamic mechanical characteristics of a thrust magnetic bearing are studied owing to the inclination of the runner disk. The application refers to a thrust magnetic bearing for a turbo expander/compressor. The static tilt of the runner disk has remarkable influence on the mechanical characteristics of thrust magnetic bearing, it can change the static load distribution between two radial magnetic bearings and will exert violent coupling effect among a thrust magnetic bearing and two radial magnetic bearings. Such a finding can be used for the coupled electromechanical dynamics analysis of rotor system equipped with magnetic bearings.

Mechanical Characteristics of Radial Magnetic Bearing

This paper is based on the example of a radial magnetic bearing possessed of eight-pole, and derives the calculation formulas of static and dynamic mechanical characteristics of the bearing, in which the shape and curvature of surface, eccentricity and tilt of the journal are taken into account. Variations of the static and dynamic characteristics of the radial magnetic bearing versus static tilt parameters of journal are discussed. The outcomes show that the static tilt of the journal has influence on the mechanical characteristics of radial magnetic bearing, and change the static load capacity between two radial magnetic bearings and exert coupling effect between them. To study the dynamics of a practical rotor-magnetic bearing system, at least six stiffness coefficients in each radial magnetic bearing must be considered in ideal case, and twelve stiffness coefficients must be considered in general case of tilting journal. Such a find can be used for the coupled electromechanical dynamics analysis of rotor system equipped with magnetic bearings.

Estimation of optimum operating point for thrust magnetic bearing with solid magnet

A carrying capacity-temperature rise analysis model has been established for analysis of the carrying capacity, temperature rise and carrying capacity-temperature rise characteristic of a thrust magnetic bearing with solid magnet. The results indicate that there must be an optimal operating point for the thrust magnetic bearing with solid magnet. The main factors having effect on carrying capacity-temperature rise include static gap and/or ampere-turns. With proper static gap chosen, the bearing can be run near the optimal operating point by adjhusting ampere-turns, thereby optimizing the bearing properties.

STUDY ON THE COUPLED ELECTROMECHANICAL DYNAMICS OF ROTOR SYSTEM EQUIPPED WITH MAGNETIC BEARINGS

The influences of thrust magnetic bearing and journal tilt on dynamiccharacteristics of rotor system are studied mainly. The Outcome shows that the influences ofcoupling effects of thrust magnetic bearing and tilt of journal on critical rotational speeds ofsystem are very large, and the stability of system reduces greatly. That shows it is important thatthe influence of coupling effects of thrust and radial magnetic bearings due to the rotor tiltingmust be considered in the study of rotor-magnetic bearings system dynamic characteristics, and alsoshows it is important that the rotor is mounted and debugged in ideal alignment of magneticbearings.

Coupling Characteristics and Control of Dual Mechanical Port Machine with Spoke Type Permanent Magnet Arrangement

Dual mechanical port machine（DMPM）, as a novel electromechanical energy conversion device, has attracted widespread attention. DMPM with spoke type permanent magnet arrangements（STPM-DMPM）, which is one of several types of DMPM, has been of interest recently. The unique coupling characteristics of STPM-DMPM are beneficial to improving system performance, but these same characteristics increase the difficulties of control. Now there has been little research about the control of STPM-DMPM, and this has hindered its practical application. Based on a mathematical model of STPM-DMPM, the coupling characteristics and the merits and demerits of such devices are analyzed as applied to a hybrid system. The control strategies for improving the disadvantages and for utilizing the advantage of coupling are researched. In order to weaken the interaction effect of torque outputs in the inner motor and the outer motor that results from coupling in STPM-DMPM, a decoupling control method based on equivalent current control is proposed, and independent torque control for the inner motor and outer motor is achieved. In order to solve address the problem of adequately utilization of coupling, minimizing the overall copper loss of the inner motor and the outer motor of STPM-DMPM is taken as the optimization objective for optimal control, and the purpose of utilizing the coupling adequately and reasonably is achieved. The verification tests of the proposed decoupling control and optimal control strategies are carried out on a prototype STPM-DMPM, and the experimental results show that the interaction effect of torque outputs in the inner motor and the outer motor can be markedly weakened through use of the control method. The overall copper loss of the inner motor and the outer motor can be markedly reduced through use of the optimal control method, while the power output remains unchanged. A breakthrough in the control problem of STPM-DMPM is accomplished by combining the control methods. Good performance in the control of STPM-DMPM will enhance its practicality, particularly as applied to hybrid systems.

饱和黏土中能源群桩热力特性模型试验研究

为研究饱和黏土地基中静钻根植能源群桩不同运行方式的热力特性,采用自行设计的模型试验系统,测试温度条件下模型单桩和群桩的热力响应。通过埋置传感测试元件,得到桩顶位移、桩身应力、桩和桩周土温度、桩周水平土压力及孔隙水压力。结果表明:由于桩间热扩散,加热桩会对周围非加热桩造成影响,导致非加热桩桩身温度增加、桩顶位移上升,能源群桩的平均换热性能较单桩低;制冷工况下群桩的桩顶位移变化绝对值大于加热工况,需要考虑以确保安全性;由于群桩效应,与单桩相比,能源群桩桩顶位移变化更大,桩身附加温度应力更小;能源群桩的热力特性受运行能源桩数量影响,运行数量越多,温度对能源群桩的热力特性影响越显著,桩周土压力、孔隙水压力变化值越大。

一种轴承松动-内圈缺陷耦合的转子系统动力学模型

当轴承松动与内圈缺陷同时出现时,将对转子系统动态特性产生较为严重的影响,不利于对转子系统进行故障诊断与状态监测。针对这一问题,提出了一种轴承松动-内圈缺陷耦合的转子系统动力学模型,分析了含内圈缺陷-松动耦合故障轴承的转子系统振动动态特性。首先,根据赫兹理论与轴承运动学理论分析了轴承受力;然后,根据胡克定律与转子系统集中质量法建立了松动-内圈缺陷耦合的转子系统动力学模型;最后,采用数值仿真方式获取了转子系统的振动响应,探讨了转速和载荷对松动-内圈缺陷耦合转子系统振动特性的影响,并通过实验对该模型的准确性进行了验证。研究结果表明:松动-内圈缺陷同时存在的轴承频谱上出现了典型的干摩擦特征频率,即1/2倍旋转频率及其倍频,且其幅值与转速、载荷呈正比;此外,1/2倍旋转频率及其倍频、旋转频率及其倍频与内圈缺陷频率的组合频率的出现,表明了松动和内圈缺陷同时发生,该现象在转子系统另一个轴承上也有所体现。该研究结果为轴承转子系统的耦合故障检测提供了理论依据。

角接触球轴承热-力耦合建模方法研究

在研究角接触球轴承热-力耦合建模方法的过程中,通过分析滚动轴承动力学建模、角接触轴承热-结构建模以及接触轴承热-力耦合建模及其特性,使轴承热分析流程得到简化,使角接触球轴承热-力耦合建模方法更具普遍性、广泛性,突破了有限元建模过程,确保更多人员可以应用此方式开展工作。

电磁推力轴承的力学特性研究

文中讨论了计入推力盘静态倾斜影响后的电磁推力轴承的力学特性，导出了其静、动特性的系数公式，并结合某涡轮膨胀机的电磁推力轴承进行了实例计算．结果表明，推力盘的静态倾斜对电磁推力轴承的力学特性将产生显著影响，使得电磁推力轴承对系统中的电磁径向轴承产生强烈的耦合作用．该结果可用于五自由度电磁轴承转子系统的机电耦合的动力学分析．

推力磁轴承的力学特性及其对径向磁轴承的影响

讨论了计入推力盘静态倾斜影响后的推力磁轴承的力学特性，导出了其静、动特性的系数公式，并结合某涡 轮膨胀机的推力磁轴承进行了实例计算。结果表明，推力盘的静态倾斜对推力磁轴承的力学特性产生显著影响， 并改变径向磁轴承的静负荷分配，使得推力磁轴承与径向磁轴承之间产生强烈的耦合作用。该结果可用于５自由 度磁悬浮轴承－转子系统的机电耦合动力学研究。

机床主轴-轴承系统热-力耦合模型及其动态性能研究

为了研究机床主轴系统在高速运转情况下的动态性能变化,建立了一种主轴-轴承系统的热-力耦合模型,该模型包括了主轴转子和轴承模型.采用有限元法得到主轴转子模型,该模型考虑了主轴的离心效应、陀螺力矩和轴承刚度软化效应.通过对Jones非线性轴承模型进行改进获得了轴承模型,它考虑了主轴与轴承的初始装配过盈量、离心力、温升等因素导致的轴承内圈径向变形及预紧力的变化.理论仿真结果表明:轴承内圈离心膨胀以及内外圈热膨胀会导致轴承刚度增大,而对于背靠背的轴承配置形式,热诱导预紧力会导致轴承刚度减小.此外,主轴离心效应比轴承的刚度软化对主轴-轴承系统动态特性的影响更明显.

磁悬浮系统机械耦合的研究

分析了磁悬浮系统的机械耦合问题 ,给出了磁悬浮系统在三维空间的机械耦合的计算方法 ,讨论了各参数对机械耦合的影响。

基于ANSYS的轴向磁化磁环位置特性的研究

采用ANSYS磁场求解方法,建立动静磁环3D有限元模型,并得出动磁环位移特性的力学分析。结合动静磁环的结构中静磁环内径的包络区域,文章给出了动静磁环组成磁环对的位置特性,这对于永磁环构建永磁轴承的设计具有指导性建议。

推力磁轴承转子系统温度场

以实心铁芯涡流损耗及线圈铜损耗为主要热源,研究了推力磁轴承转子系统的电磁场、温度场及电磁场-温度场耦合效应.给出了基于电磁场-温度场耦合的轴对称温度场有限元求解方法.研究表明,造成系统温升的主要原因是推力磁轴承实心推力盘的涡流损耗.

静压支承摩擦副变形流热力耦合求解与实验

摩擦副变形对静压支承摩擦学性能有显著影响,不均匀变形会引起润滑油膜破裂和干摩擦,严重时导致静压支承摩擦失效。针对环形缝隙节流静压支承,运用计算流体动力学、弹性理论和有限元法对静压支承摩擦副变形进行流热力耦合求解,得到了旋转速度和工作台自重对支承摩擦副变形的影响规律和摩擦失效机理。并进行了实验验证,数值模拟结果和实验值吻合较好,验证了数值模拟方法的正确性。研究结果表明:随着旋转工作台转速增加,间隙油膜温度升高,热变形增大。工作台自重产生摩擦副的弹性变形对热变形有均匀化作用,但其挤压效应会加大热变形,造成工作台和底座的变形为内边靠近外部开口的喇叭状。工况继续恶劣,润滑油黏度急剧下降,局部油膜迅速变薄,出现干摩擦润滑,导致静压支承摩擦失效。

济阳坳陷“相-势”耦合控藏的内涵及其地质意义

通过对济阳坳陷527个砂体的"相"和"势"关系统计,结合二维砂层组合模拟实验和高温高压岩心石油运移和聚集实验,探讨了"相-势"耦合的内涵。不同尺度下,具有不同的"相-势"耦合控藏特征:砂体尺度下,主要体现在沉积相类型不同,油气聚集特征与油气充满度不同;砂层尺度下,主要体现在砂层的非均质性、砂泥岩组合和渗透率级差不同,油气运移路径和通道与含油层位不同;岩心尺度下,主要体现在视流度不同,油气运移的渗流特征和含油饱和度大小不同。成藏砂体主要位于用能量条件、流动能力和储集能力建立的"相-势"耦合控藏的PFR模式的二高一低区。"相-势"耦合定量模型为幂函数形式,可用来判别砂体含油气程度,进行含油气性预测。

基于轴向力/径向力解耦的圆锥电磁轴承设计方法

由于圆锥电磁轴承所固有的几何耦合,轴承的设计相对而言需要考虑的结构参数更多,参数间相互影响、相互制约的关系也更复杂。为此,本文提出了一套描述圆锥电磁轴承的特征变量,实现了圆锥电磁轴承的轴向/径向力的解耦。同时,为圆锥电磁轴承提供了一套标准、规范的设计方法。

电磁-温度耦合条件下推力磁轴承涡流损耗分析

针对一类以实心推力盘为主要热源的电磁轴承转子系统,研究了电磁温度耦合条件下从线圈加电到稳定运行整个过程中的电磁场,给出了电磁场涡流损耗的解析计算方法.通过将实例的计算结果与有限元方法及实验结果对比表明,采用该解析计算方法可简单、快捷及准确地解决系统初步设计时的参数选定问题.

应用有限体积法研究空气静压导轨力学特性

研究了润滑气膜的主要力学参数。引入有限体积法,应用理想气体等温条件下的k-ε模型封闭控制方程组对润滑气膜的力学特性进行数值分析,得出不同气膜厚度下导轨工作面上的压强分布规律。数值结果表明:导轨内气膜从节流孔沿工作面到导轨边缘的压强分布规律并非按雷诺润滑方程均匀递减变化,而是在节流孔附近存在半径约为500μm的负压区;在静压导轨气膜厚度与承载力分析的基础上,指出气膜与导轨间的气固耦合所引发的导轨弹性自激振动是静压导轨实现纳米级定位的主要制约因素。本项研究为导轨自激振动抑制、气膜振幅减小乃至空气静压导轨整体精度提高等工作做了有益探索。

材料的导磁性能对永磁机构动态特性的影响

为了提高永磁机构操作性能,研究材料的导磁性能对其动态特性的影响,笔者利用有限元法建立了永磁机构电、磁、机械耦合场数学模型,求解泊松方程、电压方程及运动方程来研究其操动过程。在求解中,分别计算并分析了静铁心采用硅钢片及电工纯铁时永磁机构各参量随时间变化的曲线,结果显示,采用硅钢片的永磁机构具有较好的速度特性及较小的能耗。研制并测试了静铁心采用硅钢片的永磁机构样机,给出了速度曲线及激磁电流波形。与仿真结果比较,表明所得结论准确可靠。