Value of thyroglobulin combined with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology for diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of thyroid carcinoma

BACKGROUND Surgery for thyroid carcinoma offers a good prognosis;however,cervical lymph node metastasis may occur in the early stage.An effective diagnostic method can accurately guide clinical surgical planning and the scope of lymph node dissection,ultimately improving patient prognosis.AIM To explore the diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration of thyroglobulin(FNATg)combined with ultrasound(US)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology for cervical lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma.METHODS We enrolled 209 pathologically confirmed thyroid carcinoma patients who visited our hospital between Jan 2017 and Dec 2020.Patients were tentatively diagnosed with cervical lymph node enlargement using preoperative US.They underwent US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and FNA-Tg.The value of single and combined application of the two methods for the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis was calculated.The factors affecting FNA-Tg for diagnosis were analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods.RESULTS FNA-Tg values were significantly higher among patients with positive cervical lymph node metastasis.The sensitivity and specificity of US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology,FNA-Tg,and US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology+FNA-Tg were 85.48%and 90.59%,83.06%and 87.06%,and 96.77%and 91.76%,respectively.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for USguided fine-needle aspiration cytology,FNA-Tg,and the two combined,was 0.880,0.851,and 0.943,respectively.A long diameter/short diameter ratio<2,an insufficient number of acquired cells,a low serum thyroglobulin level,and an absence of typical metastatic US features increased the risk of cervical lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma patients misdiagnosed using FNA-Tg.CONCLUSION The diagnostic value of FNA-Tg for detecting cervical lymph node metastasis is not high;however,combined with US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology,it is significantly improved.

Progress in the Study of Gene Mutations Associated with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

In recent years, there has been a global rise in cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the predominant form of thyroid cancer. Advances in molecular biology have intensified the focus on the genetic mutations associated with this malignancy. Researchers have conducted extensive investigations into these mutations to elucidate their roles in the initiation, progression, treatment, and prognosis of PTC. This review synthesizes studies on the genetic mutations implicated in PTC, examining specific mutated genes, mechanisms of mutation, correlations with clinicopathological features, and their influence on treatment outcomes and prognosis. The objective is to provide a theoretical framework for enhancing the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic assessment of PTC in the future.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma with nodular fasciitis-like stroma-an unusual variant with distinctive histopathology:A case report

BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)is regarded as a fairly common endocrine malignancy,which can be divided into different multiple variants due to wide morphologic differences.The majority of PTC variants have been reported,but PTC with nodular fasciitis-like stroma(NFS)is a rare pathological variant and has been infrequently reported in the relevant literature.This condition involves abundant reactive stromal components rich in spindle cells,which may account for 60%-80%of the tumor along with a typical papillary carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY A 44-year-old man presented with a 4-mo history of a palpable mass over the anterior aspect of the left neck,the tumor demonstrated gradual enlargement but was painless during the 4 mo prior to discovery.Thyroid function test results were normal.Physical examination showed an enormous and firm nodular mass in the left lobe of the thyroid gland extending to the level of the hyoid bone.Ultrasonography of the neck revealed a well-defined heterogeneous lesion measuring around 5.0 cm×4.0 cm with a hypoechoic complex nodule,decreased vascularity and speckles of microcalcification.The patient underwent left thyroidectomy with central compartment lymph node dissection.Final histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PTC with extensive fibromatosis-like stroma combined with typical PTC.The patient was asymptomatic at the 3-mo follow-up.CONCLUSION PTC-NFS is a rare pathological variant and its diagnosis and prognosis may be similar to typical papillary carcinoma.

Skull metastasis revealing a papillary thyroid carcinoma

Although thyroid carcinoma is a relatively common form of malignancy,metastatic spread to the skull is rare.Here,we report a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma with frontal and parietal metastasis.A 61-year-old Chinese woman presented with a one year history of a growing mass on the center of the frontal and parietal bone,initially thought to be meningioma.Biopsy of the skull base mass after intracalvarium excision,indicated a tumor of thyroid origin.One month later the patient underwent a total thyroidectomy.Pathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma with frontal and parietal bone metastasis.Based on this experience,the key to successful management of the skull metastasis of thyroid carcinoma is prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.Skull metastasis should be considered at the outset of the clinical course of papillary thyroid cancer.To facilitate this,patients should be meticulously investigated by a multidisciplinary team to improve quality of life.

Comparative analysis of therapeutic efficacy of 131I in different clinical stages postoperative patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Objective： The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 131I therapy of different clinical stages in postopera- tive patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma （PTC）. Methods： Eighty-seven PTC patients after surgery ablated with high doses of 131I from 2004 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The efficacy of 131I therapy was assessed by three diagnostics that serum thyroglobulin （Tg） was normal or significantly reduced, 131I whole body scan （131I-WBS） was negative or the metas- tases shrank or the number of them decreased and new metastases was not found in cervical ultrasound examination. The x2 test was used to analyze 3 factors which might affect the therapeutic efficacy of 131I in patients of different clinical period, including different surgical ways （total or subtotal thyroidectomy along with half or double sides neck lymph node dissection）, age （〈 45 years and 〉 45 years） and ablative 131I dose. Results： Of 87 patients, the effective rate of 46 patients I stage was 89.13% （41）; the effective rate of 22 cases III stage was 77.27% （17）; the effective rate of 19 cases IV stage was 36.84% （7）. The corresponding intra-groups statistical difference of 3 stages was significant by x2 test （x2 = 1.72, 19.03, 6.87; P 〉 0.25, P 〈 0.005, P 〈 0.01）. The effective rate was 91.67% （44） in 48 cases undergoing total thyroidectomy; the effective rate was 53.85% （21） in 39 patients undergoing subtotal thyroidectomy. There was a significant difference between the two groups above by x2 test （x2 = 16.291; P 〈 0.005）. Conclusion： The efficacy of 131I ablation of stage I and stage III in postoperative PTC patients was almost alike, while the efficacy of stage IV descended markedly. The results was mainly determined by residual thyroid tissue size because of different surgical modus.

A three-microRNA panel in serum as novel biomarker for papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis

Background:Accumulating evidence has revealed that circulating microRNAs(miRNAs)can serve as non-invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.This study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in serum which might become potential biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods:The experiment was carried out between 2015 and 2017.In the screening stage,the Exiqon miRNA quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)panel was applied to select candidate miRNAs.In the following training,testing,and external validation stages,the serum samples of 100 patients and 96 healthy controls(HCs)were analyzed to compare the expression levels of the identified miRNAs.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs)were calculated to assess the diagnostic value of the identified signature.Results:Three miRNAs(miR-25-3p,miR-296-5p,and miR-92a-3p)in serum were consistently up-regulated in PTC patients compared with HCs.A three-miRNA panel was constructed by logistic regression analysis and showed better diagnostic performance than a single miRNA for PTC detection.The AUCs of the panel were 0.727,0.771,and 0.862 for the training,testing,and external validation stage,respectively.Meanwhile,the panel showed stable capability in differentiating PTC patients from patients with benign goiters,with an AUC as high as 0.969.For further exploration,the three identified miRNAs were analyzed in tissue samples(23 PTC vs.23 HCs)and serum-derived exosomes samples(24 PTC vs.24 HCs),and the altered expression in the tumor also indicated their close relationship with PTC disease.Conclusion:We identify a three-miRNA panel in serum which might serve as a promising biomarker for PTC diagnosis.

Comparison of Clinical and Ultrasonographic Features of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Background： The clinical behavior and management of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma （PDTC） are very different from papillary thyroid carcinoma （PTC）. By comparing the clinical and ultrasonographic features between the two tumors, we proposed to provide more possibilities for recognizing PDTC before treatment. Methods： The data of 13 PDTCs and 39 ageand gender-matched PTCs in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between December 2003 and September 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical and ultrasonic features between the two groups were compared. Results： The frequencies of family history of carcinoma, complication with other thyroid lesions, lymph node metastases, recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries, and distant metastases were higher in PDTCs （30.8%, 61.6%, 69.2%, 23.1%, and 46.2%, respectively） than those in PTCs （2.6%, 23.1%, 25.6%, 2.6%, and 2.6%, respectively） （P 〈 0.05）. The mortality rate of PDTCs was greatly higher than PTCs （P 〈 0.01）. Conventional ultrasound showed that the size of PDTCs was larger than that of PTCs （3.1±1.9 cm vs. 1.7± 1.0 cm）. Clear margins and rich and/or irregular blood flow were found in 92.3% of PDTCs, which differed substantially from PTCs （51.7% and 53.8%, respectively） （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： PDTC is more aggressive and its mortality rate is higher than PTCs. Accordingly, more attention should be given to suspicious thyroid cancer nodules that show large size, regular shape, and rich blood flow signals on ultrasound to exclude the possibility of PDTCs.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of an intrathyroidal nodule diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Both squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)and papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)are common malignant tumors in the neck.However,seldom has SCC of the thyroid been diagnosed.Further,cytological features of SCC and PTC have rarely been reported.The significance of fine-needle aspiration cytology(FNAC)in the diagnosis of neck masses has been established.Herein,we present an exceedingly rare case of an intrathyroidal SCC diagnosed using FNAC,along with its cytological features.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old man presented with a left-sided neck mass.Ultrasound examination showed an ill-defined nodule.The appearance was hypoechoic with a few hyperechoic spots.FNAC of the left thyroid nodule was performed.A cellular smear was obtained,and it showed a large number of neoplastic cells with rich cytoplasm and poor cell adhesion.Tumor cell nuclei showed coarse nuclear chromatin and a few enlarged prominent nucleoli.An increased nuclear/cytoplasm ratio was observed.Thus,malignancy was diagnosed without a confirmed tumor type.Percutaneous tumor biopsy was performed to make a definite diagnosis.The tumor cells showed typical squamous cell characteristics.CONCLUSION Head and neck SCC and PTC have different cytologies.Measures are needed to ensure accurate diagnosis using FNAC.

DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT FOR RETROSTERNAL THYROID MASS

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5例甲状腺嗜酸细胞癌患者的临床病理分析

目的:探讨甲状腺嗜酸细胞癌(thyroid oncocytic cell carcinoma,OCA)的临床病理学特征、诊断、鉴别诊断及预后。方法:收集5例OCA患者的临床病理资料,分析总结其病理形态学特征及其预后关系,并复习相关文献。结果:5例患者中3例为女性,2例为男性,年龄42~70岁,平均年龄53.4岁。肿瘤最大径2~7.5 cm,平均4.9 cm。镜下肿瘤均可见纤维性包膜,3例显示血管侵犯(其中2例同时存在包膜侵犯),其余2例仅见包膜侵犯,肿瘤细胞胞浆丰富、嗜酸性、颗粒状,可见核仁,未见甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC)的核特征,核分裂象罕见,未见肿瘤性坏死。5例患者随访时间9~41个月,均无复发及转移。结论:甲状腺OCA是一种侵袭性肿瘤,发病率低,转移风险较高,预后较差,具有其独特的病理形态学特点及分子改变,需与其他伴有嗜酸性变的甲状腺肿瘤相鉴别。

甲状腺癌冰冻切片病理不能明确诊断的临床因素分析

目的探讨术中冰冻切片(frozen section,FS)病理检查不能明确诊断甲状腺癌的发生情况,探寻影响FS病理检查准确率的临床因素。方法回顾性分析2016年8月至2019年12月在北京市大兴区人民医院行手术治疗的甲状腺癌患者。根据FS与石蜡切片病理检查结果,将目标结节分为FS明确诊断组与不能明确诊断组(包括延迟诊断组、误诊断组、意外诊断组)。比较FS明确诊断组与不能明确诊断组之间患者的一般情况、实验室检查、彩超、病理类型。结果共纳入癌结节336个,其中明确诊断组、延迟诊断组、误诊断组、意外诊断组癌结节数量及占比分别为266个(79.17%)、28个(8.33%)、21个(6.25%)、21个(6.25%)。延迟诊断组中,“不除外”甲状腺癌使用频率最高。与明确诊断组相比,延迟诊断组、误诊断组、意外诊断组癌结节最大径均更小(P<0.05);延迟诊断组纵横比>1的比例更多(P=0.017)、微钙化比例更低(P=0.002);误诊断组甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体水平更高(P=0.002)。结论临床医生应熟悉延迟诊断、误诊断常用的诊断用语。在治疗决策时应充分考虑难以明确诊断的可能,尤其是较小结节、合并慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎患者。

彩色多普勒超声检查影像学特征诊断甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移的价值

目的:观察彩色多普勒超声检查影像学特征诊断甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)颈部淋巴结转移的价值。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年12月该院收治的107例PTC患者的临床资料,107例PTC患者均行病理学检查、彩色多普勒超声检查,统计107例PTC患者颈部淋巴结转移情况的病理学检查结果,依据是否淋巴结转移将其分为转移组和非转移组,比较两组彩色多普勒超声检查影像学特征;采用多因素Logistic回归分析PTC患者颈部淋巴结转移的危险因素;采用Kappa一致性检验分析彩色多普勒超声检查影像学特征诊断结果与病理学检查结果的一致性。结果:病理学检查结果显示,107例PTC患者颈部淋巴结转移56例;转移组肿瘤边界不清晰、最大结节直径>10 mm、多发结节、内部微钙化、侵犯被膜等影像学特征占比均高于非转移组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,最大结节直径>10 mm、内部微钙化、侵犯被膜等影像学特征均为PTC患者颈部淋巴结转移的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);Kappa一致性检验显示,最大结节直径>10 mm、内部微钙化、侵犯被膜三者联合诊断PTC患者颈部淋巴结转移结果与病理学检查结果的一致性(Kappa=0.524,P<0.05)高于三者单项诊断(Kappa=0.286、0.456、0.247,P<0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声检查影像学特征中,最大结节直径>10 mm、内部微钙化、侵犯被膜三者联合诊断PTC患者颈部淋巴结转移的价值高于三者单项诊断。

甲状腺微小乳头状癌术中冰冻切片病理诊断的准确性探讨

论证甲状腺微小乳头状癌(papillary thyroid microcarcinoma,PTMC)术中冰冻切片病理诊断的准确性。抽取某医院在2021年9月—2022年9月收治的接受甲状腺手术治疗的140例患者为研究对象,所有患者均存在甲状腺病变迹象,对其实施术中冰冻切片病理诊断,同时还需要在术后对患者实施石蜡切片病理诊断(其结果为参照值,乃临床诊断金标准),统计分析术中冰冻切片病理诊断技术的应用效果。结果显示,术后石蜡切片病理诊断发现83例确诊为PTMC;对比两种临床诊断技术的准确率,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。但是这两种临床诊断结果的Kappa值为0.805,存在较强的一致性;对于术中冰冻切片检查而言,其中的癌细胞缺乏典型特征。研究发现,在PTMC疾病的临床诊断中,通过术中冰冻切片病理诊断技术进行分析,能够获得较高的准确率,这和临床诊断金标准(术后石蜡切片病理诊断结果)同步。需要注意的是,必须认真观察癌细胞的形态特点,以预防出现漏诊及误诊等情况。

甲状腺癌术后患者行超声引导下射频消融侧颈区和中央区转移性淋巴结的有效性及安全性比较

背景超声引导下射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)对甲状腺癌术后患者侧颈区与中央区的转移性淋巴结(cervical lymph nodes metastasis,CLNM)疗效的对比研究较少。目的评估RFA对甲状腺癌全切术后侧颈区和中央区CLNM的治疗效果和并发症发生情况。方法回顾性分析2020年1月—2021年1月在解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科行RFA治疗甲状腺癌全切术后发生侧颈区和中央区CLNM的患者,随访截至2023年1月1日,对比两组患者消融前后的CLNM体积和消融后体积缩小率(volume reduction rate,VRR)以及消融时和随访中的并发症发生情况。结果共52例患者(96枚CLNM)纳入研究。侧颈区38例(74枚CLNM),男性10例,女性28例,平均年龄(43.1±8.3)岁;中央区14例(22枚CLNM),男性4例,女性10例,平均年龄(34.4±16.3)岁。两组年龄和性别无统计学差异(P>0.05)。侧颈区和中央区的CLNM在消融后1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月和24个月体积逐渐减小且VRR逐渐增加,随访2年内CLNM完全消失,且各随访节点两组间的CLNM体积和VRR差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。消融时6例有颈部疼痛(侧颈区2例,中央区4例),无其他轻微不良反应和严重并发症发生。随访期间8例(15.4%)出现消融区域外的复发(侧颈区3例,中央区5例),均成功完成二次RFA。结论RFA对甲状腺癌全切术后颈部侧颈区和中央区的CLNM均有良好的有效性和安全性。

基于碘图的光谱CT多模态参数成像在甲状腺乳头状癌中的诊断价值

目的 评估光谱CT定量增强成像在甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)中的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2019年5月~2023年1月在中国人民解放军总医院海南医院行颈部光谱CT增强的59例患者能谱基数据,采用Multiphase软件生成动脉增强分数(AEF)图和细胞外容积(ECV)图,并测量病灶和正常甲状腺组织的AEF及ECV值。采用Mann-Whitney U检验进行组间比较,采用ROC曲线对AEF及ECV的诊断效能进行评估,并对比较曲线下面积的差异。结果 甲状腺乳头状癌病变的AEF及ECV值低于正常甲状腺组织的AEF及ECV值(UAEF=1311.00, PAEF=0.02;UECV=394.50, PECV<0.0001)。AEF、ECV及AEF联合ECV诊断PTC的曲线下面积分别为0.623、0.887及0.907,约登指数分别为0.271、0.661及0.678。AEF及ECV联合诊断PTC的模型为Y=-0.033×AEF-0.185×ECV+10.084(Y>0.697诊断PTC)。结论 光谱CT定量参数AEF联合ECV对PTC的诊断具有较高价值,可以作为诊断PTC的影像学标志物。

彩色多普勒超声结合血小板与淋巴细胞比值在分化型甲状腺癌术前诊断中的价值分析

目的分析彩色多普勒超声结合血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)在分化型甲状腺癌术前诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析2020年2月至2023年8月池州市第二人民医院收诊的95例分化型甲状腺癌患者的病历资料,另选取95例诊断为甲状腺良性结节且具备彩超检查结果的同期病历作为对照。收集并整理所有受试者术前的彩色多普勒超声检查、PLR检查资料,比较两组甲状腺结节患者的超声影像学特征及PLR水平,评估彩色多普勒超声及PLR对分化型甲状腺癌的诊断效能。结果分化型甲状腺癌患者中单发结节、结节最大径≤1cm及存在钙化灶的所占比例高于甲状腺良性结节患者(P<0.05)。术前彩色多普勒超声、PLR以及二者联合诊断分化型甲状腺癌与术后病理诊断的一致性Kappa值分别为0.679、0.640和0.723。分化型甲状腺癌患者的PLR水平高于甲状腺良性结节患者(P<0.05)。彩色多普勒超声及PLR单一及联合诊断分化型甲状腺癌的灵敏度分别为84.21%、82.10%、86.32%,特异性分别为71.58%、73.68%、74.74%,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.767、0.810、0.881,且Delong检验表明二者联合诊断性能显著优于单一诊断方法(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声结合PLR在分化型甲状腺癌术前诊断中的效能表现良好。

构建完全腔镜下甲状腺癌根治术后甲状腺乳头状癌复发的超声预测模型

目的:构建完全腔镜下甲状腺癌根治术后甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者复发的超声预测模型。方法:收集2017年2月至2020年3月我院初次行完全腔镜下甲状腺癌根治术的PTC患者264例,根据术后是否复发分为复发组和无复发组。比较两组患者临床资料及结节直径、结节数目、内部回声、微钙化等超声资料。使用单因素、Lasso及Logistic回归模型分析PTC患者术后复发的影响因素,并基于筛选的指标建立列线图模型。结果:与无复发组比较,复发组患者结节直径更大,结节边缘不规则、纵横比>1、微钙化、被膜侵犯比例更高(P<0.05)。结节直径>10 mm、边缘不规则、纵横比>1、微钙化、被膜侵犯是PTC患者术后复发的独立危险因素(P<0.05),所构建的列线图模型C-index计算结果为0.756(95%CI:0.684~0.830),ROC曲线AUC为0.895(95%CI:0.866~0.915),区分度较高;校准曲线结果显示平均偏离量为0.027,预测概率较好拟合实际概率;临床决策曲线远离极端曲线,具有良好的临床适用性。结论:基于结节大小、边缘不规则、微钙化、纵横比>1、被膜侵犯所构建的列线图模型预测PTC完全腔镜下甲状腺癌根治术后复发的准确性良好,具有一定的临床意义。

Tg、TgAb联合ECT在甲状腺癌中的诊断价值

目的分析甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)联合发射型计算机断层扫描(ECT)在甲状腺癌(TC)中的诊断价值。方法以我院2021年1月至2023年2月收治的82例TC患者为病例组,并以同期50名进行健康体检者为对照组。两组均接受Tg、TgAb、ECT检查。以病理诊断为金标准,比较三者单独及联合检查对TC的诊断效能。结果病例组的Tg、TgAb水平及冷结节、边缘不规则占比高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Tg、TgAb、ECT联合检查诊断TC的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于单一Tg、TgAb、ECT检查,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。82例患者中,术后复发6例,复发率为7.32%;复发组的Tg、TgAb水平及冷结节、边缘不规则占比高于未复发组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论TC诊断过程中,Tg、TgAb、ECT联合检查能够为其提供良好的数据支撑,具有较高诊断价值,值得推广和应用。

甲状腺微小乳头状癌的诊断及热消融治疗

甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC)会发生颈部淋巴结转移,对PTMC患者早诊断、评估及治疗尤为重要。高频超声、超声造影、超声引导下的细针穿刺活检及基因检测已应用于PTMC的诊断,不断提高了PTMC的检出率。近年来热消融术因其安全、高效、创伤小、术后恢复快等优点被应用于肿瘤的治疗领域,并取得不错得效果。

机器人辅助甲状腺癌根治术的效果及对切口愈合的影响

目的:研究机器人辅助系统在甲状腺癌根治术的应用效果及对切口愈合的影响。方法:回顾性选取2022年1月—2023年1月于本院治疗的75例患者作为研究对象,依照基线资料可比性原则按治疗方式划分为观察组(43例,机器人辅助甲状腺癌根治术)和对照组(32例,开放甲状腺癌根治术)。比较两组患者的临床效果,包括住院时间、视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、引流量、手术时间等;比较术后1个月患者切口愈合情况,主要包括美观情况(NSS评分)、瘢痕情况(OSAS评分);比较两组患者甲状腺功能和并发症情况。结果:观察组与对照组相比,手术时间、NSS评分、手术切口高于对照组,但是住院时间、VAS评分、OSAS评分、愈合时间低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组短暂性喉返神经损伤、短暂性声带麻痹发生率均为0,低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:机器人辅助甲状腺癌根治术与开放性手术有同等效果,可有效清除淋巴结,改善甲状腺功能,减少并发症发生。但是,机器人辅助甲状腺癌根治术手术时间更长,切口却愈合地更好,更具有美观性,更能降低疼痛。