仿生态条件下星洲红鱼(Singapore red tilapia)和奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)生长和肌肉营养特性的比较研究

为比较星洲红鱼(Singapore red tilapia)和奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)的生长和肌肉营养特性,实验利用两种鱼的不同体色将其混养在同一池塘中,在相同的环境条件和养殖管理下研究其生长特性,并分析肌肉营养成分。结果表明:两种罗非鱼生长在前60 d无差异,60 d后星洲红鱼的体长、体质量日增长和特定生长率均大于奥尼罗非鱼,且差异显著(P<0.05)。据此得到了星洲红鱼和奥尼罗非鱼的体长(L)、体质量(W)生长与养殖天数(d)的回归方程。星洲红鱼含肉率高于奥尼罗非鱼9.65%(P<0.05),肌肉水分高于奥尼罗非鱼,蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分含量均低于奥尼罗非鱼,其中脂肪含量差异显著(P<0.05),其他不显著。两种罗非鱼肌肉的氨基酸组成全面,氨基酸组成均符合FAO/WHO的理想模式,除精氨酸含量有差异外,其他氨基酸含量稍有差异但不显著。星洲红鱼和奥尼罗非鱼肌肉EAA/TAA、EAA/NEAA、DAA/TAA和EAAI分别为41.04%和40.95%,70.00%和69.34%,40.71%和39.08%,67.46%和67.08%,差异不显著。星洲红鱼、奥尼罗非鱼肌肉∑SFA和∑UFA分别为28.03%和28.60%,63.87%和61.38%,各脂肪酸含量除C14:0和C18:2外,其他含量差异不显著。研究表明,星洲红鱼和奥尼罗非鱼生长快、营养丰富、食用价值高,是优质淡水鱼类养殖品种,其中星洲红鱼含肉率高,生长快,养殖效益明显。

Effects of phenanthrene on hepatic enzymatic activities in tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus ♀×O.aureus ♂)

The effects of phenanthrene（Phe） on hepatosomatic index（HSI） and hepatic enzymatic activities in hybrid tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus ♀× O.aureus ♂） were investigated via the static freshwater exposure at dosage of 50,100,and 400 μg/L for 4-14 d.Compared with the control group,HSI was significantly decreased（P 〈 0.05） at 400 μg/L at day 14.Increased enzymatic activities（P 〈 0.05） were observed for catalase（CAT）,glutathione peroxidase（GPx） and superoxide dismutase（SOD） at either 100 or 400 μg/L at day 8 and 14,as well as for CAT at 50 μg/L at day 14,except for GPx at 400 μg/L at day 8.Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase（EROD） activity was significantly increased（P 〈 0.05） at all dosage at day 4 as well as at 50 μg/L at day 8,but significantly decreased at either 100 or 400 μg/L at day 14（P 〈 0.05）.Glutathione-S-transferase（GST） activity was not affected.The results suggest that CAT,GPx,SOD and EROD,as well as HSI in tilapia may be used as the biomarkers or indexes for evaluating or monitoring the pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） such as Phe.

Induction of testis-ova in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to 17β-estradiol

The efficacy of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs), 17β-estradiol was tested on the fish Oreochromis niloticus in order to understand the intersex relationship of fish, in which sequential hermaphrodism can consist of a male changing into a female (protandry) or a female changing into a male (protogyny). The fish were equally divided into 3 groups. The first group was the control group;the second and third groups were treated with 10 and 100 mg L-1 of 17β-estradiol, respectively, for 30 days. The overall result in this experiment had no significant effect on the growth parameters. Among the two treated groups, the low concentration group shows results similar to those of the control groups. The high concentration group shows changes to the male reproductive system with the appearance of the testis-ova present resulting in an intersex condition of the male gonads. With this experiment, it can be concluded that 17β-estradiol at high concentration reveals positive changes towards the male reproductive system of the fish, Oreochromis niloticus.

Chitosan Extends the Shelf-life of Filleted Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) During Refrigerated Storage

Shelf-life extension of aquatic products is of significant economical importance. To determine the potential effect of chitosan on the shelf-life of filleted tilapia, this study analyzed the bacterial community diversity in fresh and spoiled tilapia fillets stored at (4 ± 1)℃ and examined the antimicrobial activity of chitosan against relevant bacteria isolates. Results showed that Pseudomonas (20%) and Aeromonas (16%) were abundant in fresh tilapia fillets, whereas Pseudomonas (52%), Aeromonas (32%) and Staphylococcus (12%) were dominant in the spoiled samples. Chitosan showed wide-spectrum antibacterial activity against bacteria isolated from tilapia and 5.0 g L-1 chitosan was selected for application in preservation. We further determined the shelf-life of chitosan-treated, filleted tilapia stored at (4 ± 1)℃ based on microbiological, biochemical and sensory analyses. Results showed that the shelf-life of chitosan-treated, filleted tilapia was extended to 12 d, whereas that of untreated, control samples was 6 d. These indicate that chitosan, as a natural preservative, has great application potential in the shelf-life extension of tilapia fillets.

Effect of Ammonia-Nitrogen Stress on Non-specific Immunity of Hybrid Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus× Oreochromis areus)

The juveniles of hybrid tilapia （ Oreochromis niloticus x Oreochromis areus） were exposed to ananonia-nitrogen （N） （0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/L） for 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h to evaluate the effect of ammonia-N stress on their non-specific immunity. Results show that the activity of serum lysozyme decreased signifi- candy with extension of stress time （P 〈 0.05）. The total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） and activity of antioxidase in liver were significantly affected. The activi- ty of T-AOC and total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） of fish exposed to ammonia-N were initially decreasing then increasing （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Activities of catalase （CAT） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） were correlated with concentrations of ammonia-N. Fish exposed to lower concentrations （2.5 mg/L or 5 mg/L） showed decreased CAT activity within 24 h （P 〈 0.05 ）, while those exposed to higher concentrations （10 mg/L or 20 mg/L） initially showed increased then decreased activity of CAT. Except for the highest concentration groups, fish exposed to ammonia-N showed inductive activity of GSH-Px （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Under the ex- perimental conditions, non-specific immunity of tilapia was affected by ammonia-N stress, and the impact was increased with increased concentration and extension of time.

Evaluation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Wastes Produced by Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>L.) Fed <i>Azolla</i>-Diets in Earthen Ponds

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) wastes produced by Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. fed Azolla, an aquatic atmospheric nitrogen fixing fern, was evaluated for 90 days in pond experiment. Six isonitrogenous (29.2% crude protein) and isoenergetic (16.9 Kj·g–1) diets A0, A10, A20, A30, A40 and A50, containing 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of Azolla meal (AM) respectively, as partial fishmeal (FM) substitutes, was provided to experimental fish. The Azolla-free diet A0 served as a control. Fish specific growth rate (SGR) was higher with the control diet, the lower values being obtained in A50-fed fish (P Azolla could be used in diet to sustain Nile tilapia growth and as “environmentally-friendly” ingredient to limit P loss, while providing N to the field, beneficially in tropical marshland pond where this nutrient is already limiting.

Tissue-Specific Isoenzyme Variations in Tilapia Fish, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>

Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis have been used to analyze malate dehydrogenase (MDH), acid phosphatase (Acph) and peroxidase (Px) isoenzymes in different tissues (liver, kidney, muscle and heart) of the tilapia fish, Oreo- chromis niloticus in order to study the tissue specificity of these isoenzymes. Three, two and one fractions have been recorded respectively for the three isoenzymes in different studied tissues. The MDH-1 and MDH-2 have been ex- pressed only in muscle and heart while MDH-3 has been expressed in all studied tissues. The percentage amount of MDH in general varied significantly between muscle and different studied tissues. With respect to acid phosphatase, the percentage amount of the total enzyme showed significant difference between liver and muscle and that this variation may be due to higher gene activity in liver. Peroxidase isoenzyme was recorded in liver and heart only with significant increase in liver. The kidney was the least among the studied tissues in showing gene expression for the studied isoenzymes and therefore, liver, heart and muscle tissues are better applicable in studying the isoenzymatic profiles for fish physiology and systematics.

甘露寡糖对奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)生长、肠道结构和非特异性免疫的影响

进行2个试验考察饲料中添加甘露寡糖对奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)生长、肠道结构功能和血清非特异性免疫的影响.在基础饲料中分别添加0.00%(对照组)、0.25%、0.50%、0.75%甘露寡糖,饲养平均初重(1.00±0.04)g的奥尼罗非鱼8周(试验Ⅰ),或饲养平均初重(20.04±0.13)g的奥尼罗非鱼30d(试验Ⅱ).结果表明,在2个试验中0.50%、0.75%甘露寡糖组均显著提高鱼体增重率,降低饲料系数(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ中,0.25%、0.50%、0.75%甘露寡糖组均显著提高小肠绒毛高度、宽度、密度,降低肠壁厚度,提高胃、肠蛋白酶活性和干物质消化率,提高血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05),但对小肠绒毛杯状细胞数量无显著影响(P>0.05).上述研究表明,饲料中添加0.50%～0.75%甘露寡糖可显著提高罗非鱼生长性能,改善肠道结构功能,提高营养物质消化率和机体非特异性免疫功能.奥尼罗非鱼饲料中的甘露寡糖适宜添加量推荐为0.50%.

海南养殖罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)致病链球菌的分离、鉴定及其药敏试验

采用常规的形态及生理生化特性检验、API20strep快速鉴定及分子生物学等方法,对引起2009年海南罗非鱼大规模死亡的病原菌进行了致病性、表型生物学,分子生物学及药敏试验的系统研究。结果表明,2株分离菌均为无乳链球菌,对罗非鱼具有很强的致病性。分离菌16SrRNA基因序列(GenBank登录存取号分别为GU363869和GU363870)与其它链球菌的16SrRNA基因同源性相似性在96.5%—100%之间,所测2株病原菌16SrRNA基因之间的同源性为100%。16SrRNA基因构建的系统进化树表明,2株病原菌均与无乳链球菌聚类。药敏试验结果表明,分离菌株对头孢类药物、阿莫西林、强力霉素等27种试验药物较敏感,对复方新诺明、卡那霉素等11种试验药物不敏感,对庆大霉素的敏感性不同。

Possible genetic reproductive isolation between two tilapiine genera and species:Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron

Successful crossbreeding between Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron to produce a commercial hybrid has been difficult.The karyotypes and isoenzyme of these two species and their reciprocal hybrids（O.niloticus ♀ × S.melanotheron ♂,S.melanotheron ♀ × O.niloticus ♂,the last not included in the isoenzyme study） were investigated via metaphase chromosomes obtained from head kidney cells and electropherogram of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） isoenzymes from the liver,kidney,white muscle,heart,and eye balls.The diploid chromosome number（2n=44） and the fundamental number（NF=50） of the four tilapia genotypes were the same.However,the karyotype of O.niloticus had three pairs of sub-metacentric（sm）,twelve pairs of sub-telocentric（st）,and seven pairs of telocentric（t） chromosomes,while S.melanotheron had one pair of metacentric（m）,two pairs of sm,12 pairs of st,and seven pairs of t chromosomes.The reciprocal hybrids both showed a mixed karyotype range between their parents：0.5 pair of m,2.5 pairs of sm,12 pairs of st,and seven pairs of t chromosomes.In view of the electropherogram of isozymes,only the LDH of the kidney showed significant clear bands,with five bands in O.niloticus,three bands in S.melanotheron,and duplicated six bands in the hybrids.The bands varied depending on their activities and mobilities.We considered that the differences in karyotype and isoenzyme were related to the genetic mechanism for post-mating isolation,and provided some additional basic genetic background of their taxonomy.

急性温度应激对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)幼鱼生化指标和肝脏HSP70mRNA表达的影响

采用温度应激的方法,将尼罗罗非鱼在26℃下驯养3周后,直接放入16℃、21℃、26℃(对照)、31℃和35℃水环境中,在不同温度应激后(0—24h)对鱼体血液和肝脏生化指标及其肝脏HSP70mRNA表达量变化进行了研究。结果表明,各实验组(除对照组外)血清皮质醇水平显著上升(P<0.05)。16℃组血清葡萄糖水平在24h时显著高于其它各组(P<0.05)。血清总蛋白水平与谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、溶菌酶、碱性磷酸酶活力和肝脏HSP70mRNA表达量在0—24h内基本呈先上升后下降的变化。24h后,16℃组血清甘油三酯含量显著上升,而胆固醇含量显著下降(P<0.05)。16℃和35℃组肝脏丙二醛含量随着应激时间的延长而上升,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力均呈先上升后下降的变化。温度应激可显著改变罗非鱼的非特异性免疫力、抗氧化能力以及肝脏HSP70mRNA的表达水平。在实际养殖生产中,应密切关注温度的变化,降低温度胁迫对鱼体免疫机能的影响。

日粮中不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)稚鱼养殖效果与机理研究

采用含有25%葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、蔗糖糖蜜、糊精、小麦淀粉等不同糖源的6组等氮、等能量半纯合实验日粮,研究了不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼稚鱼养殖效果与机理。结果表明,葡萄糖组、麦芽糖组鱼的特定生长率、饲料效益和蛋白效益显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄糖组和麦芽糖组鱼鱼体总能明显低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄糖组和麦芽糖组鱼肝脏脂肪、肝糖原和肌糖原含量明显低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄糖组鱼血糖浓度与总蛋白含量显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05);葡萄组和麦芽糖组鱼肝组织中己糖激酶(HK)显著高于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05),葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)显著低于其它各个糖源组鱼(P<0.05)。本实验结果认为,日粮中不同糖源对吉富罗非鱼稚鱼养殖效果的差异主要与调控鱼体内糖代谢的关键酶己糖激酶(HK)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)对不同糖源的糖分子结构不同活性有关,与糖的分子大小无关。在罗非鱼稚鱼饲料中添加蔗糖糖蜜效果较好。

性类固醇激素E_2、MT对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)雌、雄生长差异的影响

性类固醇激素对动物生长有一定的影响,但其对鱼类雌、雄生长差异的影响机理尚不清楚。为进一步了解动物雌雄生长差异的内在原因,本文通过在体注射和荧光定量PCR方法,比较了性类固醇激素(E_2、MT)对尼罗罗非鱼雌鱼和雄鱼的生长及对垂体GH、肝脏GHR1、IGF-I m RNA表达的影响。结果表明:性类固醇激素E2和MT对尼罗罗非鱼的生长及生长轴相关基因的表达均有显著的影响,并且这种影响存在明显的性别二态性。E_2明显促进雌鱼的生长但不显著影响雄鱼的生长,MT显著促进雄鱼和雌鱼的生长;E2可使雌鱼垂体GH和肝脏GHR1、IGF-I的m RNA水平显著升高(P<0.05),但降低雄鱼垂体GH和肝脏GHR1的m RNA表达;MT显著提高雄鱼垂体GH和肝脏GHR1、IGF-I m RNA水平(P<0.05),但降低雌鱼垂体GH的m RNA表达,促进雌鱼肝脏GHR1 m RNA的表达,但对雄鱼肝脏GHR1的促进作用明显大于雌鱼(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,性类固醇激素对不同性别尼罗罗非鱼的生长及生长轴相关基因的m RNA表达有不同的影响,表现出明显的性别二态性,提示不同性别鱼体内性类固醇激素水平的不同可能是导致尼罗罗非鱼雌雄生长二态性的另一内在原因。

半胱胺盐酸盐(CSH)对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)生长及生长轴相关基因表达的影响

为了分析半胱胺盐酸盐(CSH)对尼罗罗非鱼生长调节的作用,设计了长期和短期2个实验,采用腹腔注射(剂量100μg/g体重)方法,分析CSH对尼罗罗非鱼绝对生长率、特定生长率、肝体系数和肥满度的影响,并应用荧光实时定量PCR方法检测在注射CSH后不同时段(6h,12h,24h,2周)尼罗罗非鱼垂体GH、肝脏GHR和肝脏IGF-I基因的表达变化。结果表明,CSH组尼罗罗非鱼的绝对生长率、特定生长率、肝体系数、肥满度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);注射CSH后12h、24h垂体GH和肝脏GHRmRNA表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05),2周后恢复到对照组水平;注射CSH后6h肝脏IGF-ImRNA表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),12h恢复到对照组水平,24h和2周表达水平极显著上升(P<0.01)。以上结果提示,CSH可显著上调尼罗罗非鱼生长轴相关基因的表达,从而促进鱼类的生长。

Isolation of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) β-actin Promoter and Assay of Its Transcription Activity

Through PCR amplification, 5’ flanking region and partial open reading frame（ORF） of gene of Nile tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus） was cloned by PCR amplification. Sequence analysis showed that no difference was found in known functional regions. This study was to construct and identify the mammalian expression vector of pEGFP-β-actin and to detect whether it could express in HEK 293T cell line. pEGFP-β-actin was transfected into HEK 293T cells with Lipofectamine 2000. The results showed that correct construction of recombinant pEGFP-β-actin has been shown by restriction enzyme digestion. The expression of gene in HEK 293T cells could be observed under microfluoroscope. pEGFP-β-actin could repress EGFP protein in HEK 293T cells. The results showed that β-actin gene promoter possessed effective transcription activities in eukaryotic cells. The work laid foundations for further study on the gene engineering and autotransgenic tilapia.

The Occurrence of Bacteria of the Genus Aeromonas spp.in Oreochromis niloticus(Tilapia)and in the Water of Amateur Sport Fish Ponds and Sensitiveness to Antimicrobials

Since amateur fishing in fishponds has been on the increase in Brazil, there is a great concern on the microbiological quality of fish. One hundred and thirty-eight samples were collected during the dry and rainy periods in ten fish farms. Aeromonas spp. counts and tests for sensitiveness to antimicrobials were performed, coupled to the physical and chemical analyses of water. Tests revealed that 70% of samples were contaminated by Aeromonas spp., with water averaging 2.92 Log CFU/100 mL during the rainy period and 3.16 Log CFU/100 mL during the dry one. Fish contaminated by Aeromonas spp. averaged 2.58 Log CFU/100 mL during the rainy period and 3.53 Log CFU/100 mL during the dry one. Aeromonas spp. samples were multi-resistant to 2 or 8 antimicrobials in 62.5% of the samples. Ampicillin was the antimicrobial with the highest resistance percentage rate. Results showed that fish bred in amateur fish farms constituted a health risk for the population.

亚硝酸盐氮胁迫对罗非鱼(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus)血清非特异性免疫酶活性的影响

试验设置了不同浓度亚硝酸盐氮(空白对照、0.75 mg·L-1、1.50 mg·L-1、3.00 mg·L-1和5.00 mg·L-1),研究了亚硝酸盐氮胁迫对罗非鱼(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus)血清非特异性免疫酶(溶菌酶、碱性磷酸酶、补体C3)活性的影响。结果表明:罗非鱼血清碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶、补体C3活性均呈现出随亚硝酸盐氮浓度升高而降低的趋势,且当亚硝酸盐氮浓度小于1.50 mg·L-1时,罗非鱼血清碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶、补体C3活性与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),说明低于1.50 mg·L-1的亚硝酸盐氮不会对罗非鱼机体免疫力产生显著影响;而高于3.00 mg·L-1的亚硝酸盐氮胁迫能够显著(P<0.05)降低罗非鱼血清碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶、补体C3活性,最大下降率分别达到31.75%、27.40%、14.43%,从而显示出高浓度亚硝酸盐氮(>3.00 mg·L-1)能够对罗非鱼机体产生强烈的氧化胁迫和免疫损伤,导致机体免疫力下降,增加罗非鱼对致病菌的易感性。本研究认为,3.00 mg·L-1可能是亚硝酸盐氮胁迫引起罗非鱼机体免疫力显著降低的阈值。

尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)生长相关分析及生长模型构建

运用Pearson相关分析对尼罗罗非鱼可量性状进行分析,并采用Logistic、Gompertz、Bertallanffy三种非线性模型对尼罗罗非鱼生长相关参数进行生长模型构建,以研究尼罗罗非鱼的生长发育规律。结果表明:尼罗罗非鱼各形态性状与体重之间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),体重与全长、体长、体高的相关性相对显著,与尾柄长的相关性不明显。生长模型研究结果表明:三种模型均能很好地模拟尼罗罗非鱼生长曲线,拟合度(R2)均高于0.983,其中以Logistic模型的拟合度最高(R2=0.991),运用这3种模型对尼罗罗非鱼进行生长曲线的拟合和比较分析较为可行。

Approximate Compositional Values and Tissue Fatty Acid Profiles of Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>L.) Fed <i>Azolla</i>-Diets in Earthen Ponds

The approximate general composition and the fatty acid profile of Nile tilapia fed Azolla-diets in ponds were studied for 90 days. Six isonitrogenous (29.2% CP) and isoenergetic (16.9 kJ·g>sup>-1) diets were formulated to contain 0% (A0), 10% (A10), 20% (A>sub>20), 30% (A30), 40% (A40) and 50% (A50) of Azolla meal (AM), as partial fish meal (FM) substitutes. Diet A0 without AM served as a control. Fish growth decreased as AM level exceeded 20% in diets (P 0.05). Crude lipid was significantly lower in fish fed A50 and significant differences were also found in crude ash (P 20, A30 and A50. High level of the fern reduces growth without negatively affecting fatty acid in fish. Fish PUFA, especially the (n - 3) fatty acids, are affected positively, even when fed 50% AM, which is good for the quality of the fish produced in regard to the benefits for the health of consumers.

维生素E和硒对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)幼鱼生长及血清抗氧化酶活性的影响

本研究采用2×5双因子试验设计,即在基础饲料中分别添加0和0.15 mg/kg的Se,每一Se水平下分别添加0、30、60、90、120 mg/kg的维生素E(VE),共制成10种试验饲料,饲喂平均初始体质量为(0.37±0.01)g的吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)70 d,每组设3个重复,每个重复组50尾吉富罗非鱼,其中饲喂未添加Se和VE的基础饲料组为对照组。结果表明,(1)VE对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、摄食量和饲料系数均有显著影响(P<0.05),就生长性能而言,单独添加VE的适宜范围是63.86–70.58 mg/kg。Se对吉富罗非鱼的增重率、特定生长率的影响不显著(P>0.05),但在VE添加量为0 mg/kg的试验组中,硒的添加使吉富罗非鱼增重率高于对照组。VE和Se对吉富罗非鱼生长的交互作用没有显著影响(P>0.05)。(2)VE对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性有显著影响(P<0.05),总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和CAT活性随VE添加量的增加呈上升趋势。而Se可显著影响T-SOD和GSH-PX的活性(P<0.05),在VE添加量范围60–90 mg/kg时,加Se试验组的T-SOD、GSH-PX和CAT活性较不加Se组有所上升。VE和Se对GSH-PX活性的影响具有显著的交互作用(P<0.05)。在本研究条件下,VE和Se对吉富罗非鱼的生长及抗氧化有一定促进作用,二者联合使用,没有协同促生长作用,但抗氧化作用得到进一步加强。