DELAY-TIME MODEL BASED ON IMPERFECT INSPECTION OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE WITHIN FINITE TIME SPAN

According to the failure characteristics of aircraft structure, a delay-time model is an effective method to optimize maintenance for aircraft structure. To imitate the practical situation as much as possible, imperfect inspections, thresholds and repeated intervals are concerned in delay-time models. Since the suggestion by the existing delay-time models that the inspections are implemented in an infinite time span lacks practical value, a de- lay-time model with imperfect inspection within a finite time span is proposed. In the model, the nonhomogenous Poisson process is adopted to obtain the renewal probabilities between two different successive inspections on de- fects or failures. An algorithm is applied based on the Nelder-Mead downhill simplex method to solve the model. Finally, a numerical example proves the validity and effectiveness of the model.

Shifted first arrival point travel time NMO inversion

Serious stretch appears in shallow long offsset signals after NMO correction. In this article we study the generation mechanism of NMO stretch, demonstrate that the conventional travel time equation cannot accurately describe the travel time of the samples within the same reflection wavelet. As a result, conventional NMO inversion based on the travel time of the wavelet＇s central point occurs with errors. In this article, a travel time equation for the samples within the same wavelet is reconstructed through our theoretical derivation （the shifted first arrival point travel time equation）, a new NMO inversion method based on the wavelet＇s first arrival point is proposed. While dealing with synthetic data, the semblance coefficient algorithm equation is modified so that wavelet first arrival points can be extracted. After that, NMO inversion based on the new velocity analysis is adopted on shot offset records. The precision of the results is significantly improved compared with the traditional method. Finally, the block move NMO correction based on the first arrival points travel times is adopted on long offset records and non-stretched results are achieved, which verify the proposed new equation.

中红外时间拉伸频率上转换高光谱成像系统研究

高光谱成像技术是一种分析物质化学成分、物理性质和形态等信息的非接触式、无损检测方法。然而,中红外波段分子指纹谱测量,受限于探测器响应速度和固有噪声,传统的高光谱成像技术难以同时实现高速和高信噪比测量。基于时间拉伸频率上转换的光谱测量技术具有高测量速度、高光谱分辨率、宽光谱覆盖等优势,与高光谱成像技术结合后,可为快速获取样品种类与形态信息提供可靠手段。搭建了中红外时间拉伸频率上转换高光谱成像系统,同源产生1047 nm泵浦光与1550 nm信号光平均功率分别为2 W和100 mW,结合同步泵浦技术,可在两块周期性极化铌酸锂晶体中分别实现中红外脉冲的产生与频率上转换,完成将中红外波段分子指纹谱信息传递至近红外波段,解决了难以高速、低噪声探测中红外光谱信息的难题。通过对晶体温度与工作通道的调谐,中红外波段探测范围可覆盖2700~3900 nm,具有多样品检测能力。对频率上转换的近红外脉冲进行时间拉伸并与高光谱成像相结合,通过逐点扫描对比色皿中苯溶液吸收光谱及空间分布信息进行实测,光谱数据与傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测量结果高度吻合,能在8 s内完成600μm×1200μm空间区域的高光谱成像,单个像素点采集时间12.9 ns,光谱测量速度77.6 MSpectra·s^(-1),光谱分辨率5.8 cm-1,证实了系统对光谱覆盖范围内液相分子的高速光谱测量及空间分辨能力。解决了传统高光谱测量方式在中红外波段存在响应速度慢、积分时间长、信噪比低的难点,能以10~7帧率的光谱刷新率完成多组分样品检测及其形态测量,为材料与生物成像分析等领域提供了新途径。

基于Stretch处理的ISAR成像补偿新方法

针对Stretch体制的ISAR成像处理中本振信号延时误差的补偿问题,提出了基于延时量补偿的运动补偿方法。该算法先将每次回波的时间基准补偿到相同位置,用以消除时间量化误差的影响,再利用包络对齐和相位聚焦,用以补偿本振信号延时误差。同传统算法相比,该算法不受时间量化误差的影响,能够精确补偿本振信号延时误差。通过仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。

时域色散选通光谱分析技术

光频域的光谱分析技术已在分子原子光谱学中发挥了重要作用,但仍存在频率扫描慢、锁定复杂等问题。基于此,提出了一种基于时域的光谱选通和扫描方法,具有光谱分辨率高、扫描速度快和无机械运动元件的优点。飞秒时域拉伸技术作为一种超快探测手段,能够将飞秒脉冲展宽至纳秒,并实现光谱信息至时域信息的实时映射。在时域中使用皮秒级脉冲调制展宽后的纳秒脉冲,可选通出特定光谱。选通后,调节皮秒脉冲的延时便可完成光谱的扫描。通过51次延时选通测量氰化氢气体的2ν3旋转振动带P10吸收线,验证了该时域色散选通法的光谱分析能力。单次测量的累计时间为5μs,230 ps选通脉冲宽度和56 ps扫描间隔对应的光谱分辨率和光谱扫描间隔分别为6.2 GHz和1.5 GHz,与色散光谱仪直接测量对比的误差标准差为0.0065,最大偏差的百分比为1.54%。未来通过降低选通脉冲宽度至30ps和提高脉冲扫描速度,该光谱分析技术可达到0.8 GHz的光谱分辨率和千赫兹以上的光谱扫描速度。

Influence of polymers on drag and heat transfer of nanofluid past stretching surface: A molecular approach

This article studies the influence of polymers on drag reduction and heat transfer enhancement of a nanofluid past a uniformly heated permeable vertically stretching surface. Our prime focus is on analyzing the possible effects of polymer inclusion in the nanofluid on drag coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number. Dispersion model is considered to study the behavior of fluid flow and heat transfer in the presence of nanoparticles. Molecular approach is opted to explore polymer addition in the base fluid. An extra stress arises in the momentum equation as an outcome of polymer stretching. The governing boundary layer equations are solved numerically. Dependence of physical quantities of engineering interest on different flow parameters is studied. Reduction in drag coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number is noticed because of polymer additives.

Exponential time differencing based efficient SC-PML for RCS simulation

To efficiently simulate and calculate the radar cross section(RCS) related electromagnetic problems by employing the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) algorithm, an efficient stretched coordinate perfectly matched layer(ESC-PML) based upon the exponential time differencing(ETD) method is proposed.The proposed implementation can not only reduce the number of auxiliary variables in the SC-PML regions but also maintain the ability of the original SC-PML in terms of the absorbing performance. Compared with the other existed algorithms, the ETDFDTD method shows the least memory consumption resulting in the computational efficiency. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed ESC-PML scheme is verified through the RCS relevant problems including the perfect E conductor(PEC) sphere model and the patch antenna model. The results indicate that the proposed scheme has the advantages of the ETD-FDTD method and ESC-PML scheme in terms of high computational efficiency and considerable computational accuracy.

The Effect of Unloading Positions and Times on Sheet Metal’s Stress-Strain Curve

The loading-unloading-reloading process could affect the tensile deformation of metals with the combined function of stress relaxation and work hardening, which has been reported in multiple experiments. Nevertheless, the effects of different unloading positions and unloading times have not been investigated. In this study, unloading-reloading tests on three materials (AL6061, HSLA and Q195) were conducted. The stress exhibits a rapid rise momentarily upon reloading and stabilizes afterward while the post stress-strain curve deviates up or down from the monotonic tensile curve. The ductility is enhanced by the unloading-reloading process in general. Different unloading positions and unloading times have different degrees of influence on the stretching of these metals. The effect of loading conditions on a medium manganese steel was further studied. The functions to modify the post stress-strain relationship after unloading-reloading were established.

Untangling Phase and Time in Monophonic Sounds

We are looking for a mathematical model of monophonic sounds with independent time and phase dimensions. With such a model we can resynthesise a sound with arbitrarily modulated frequency and progress of the timbre. We propose such a model and show that it exactly fulfils some natural properties, like a kind of timeinvariance, robustness against non-harmonic frequencies, envelope preservation, and inclusion of plain resampling as a special case. The resulting algorithm is efficient and allows to process data in a streaming manner with phase and shape modulation at sample rate, what we demonstrate with an implementation in the functional language Haskell. It allows a wide range of applications, namely pitch shifting and time scaling, creative FM synthesis effects, compression of monophonic sounds, generating loops for sampled sounds, synthesise sounds similar to wavetable synthesis, or making ultrasound audible.

基于TS-DFT高速光谱解调的FBG温度分布检测

基于时间拉伸-色散傅里叶变换(time-stretch dispersive Fourier transformation,TS-DFT)技术实现了光纤布拉格光栅反射谱高速解调。解调系统由锁模激光器、环行器、色散补偿光纤、参考光栅、传感光栅以及数据采集和处理模块组成。实验得到了传感光栅在不同温度场下的时域映射光谱,通过与光谱仪测量光谱对比,验证了系统高速光谱解调能力,解调速率为51.2 MHz。结合光谱反演算法得到了沿光栅轴向的温度分布,空间分辨率为200µm,实现了传感光栅高速、高空间分辨率温度传感。

Low-field, high-gradient NMR shows diffusion contrast consistent with localization or motional averaging of water near surfaces

Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements of water diffusion have been extensively used to probe microstructure in porous materials,such as biological tissue,however primarily using pulsed gradient spin echo(PGSE)methods.Low-field single-sided NMR systems have built-in static gradients(SG)much stronger than typical PGSE maximum gradient strengths,which allows for the signal attenuation at extremely high b-values to be explored.Here,we perform SG spin echo(SGSE)and SG stimulated echo(SGSTE)diffusion measurements on biological cells,tissues,and gels.Measurements on fixed and live neonatal mouse spinal cord,lobster ventral nerve cord,and starved yeast cells all show multiexponential signal attenuation on a scale of b with significant signal fractions observed at b×Do>1 with b as high as 400 ms/um2.These persistent signal fractions trend with surface-to-volume ratios for these systems,as expected from porous media theory.An exception found for the case of fixed vs.live spinal cords was attributed to faster exchange or permeability in live spinal cords than in fixed spinal cords on the millisecond timescale.Data suggests the existence of multiple exchange processes in neural tissue,which may be relevant to the modeling of time-dependent diffusion in gray matter.The observed multi-exponential attenuation is from protons on water and not macromolecules because it remains proportional to the normalized signal when a specimen is washed with D20.The signal that persists to b×Do>1 is also drastically reduced after delipidation,indicating that it originates from lipid membranes that restrict water diffusion.The multiexponential or stretched exponential character of the signal attenuation at b×Do>1 appears mono-exponential when viewed on a scale of(b×Do)/3,suggesting it may originate from localization or motional averaging of water near membranes on sub-micron length scales.To try to disambiguate these two contributions,signal attenuation curves were compared at varying temperatures.While the curves align when normalizing them using the localization length scale,they separate on a motional averaging length scale.This supports localization as the source of non-Gaussian displacements,but this interpretation is still provisional due to the possible confounds of heterogeneity,exchange,and relaxation.Measurements on two types of gel phantoms designed to mimic extracellular matrix.one with charged functional groups synthesized from polyacrylic acid(PAC)and another with uncharged functional groups synthesized from polyacrylamide(PAM),both exhibit signal at b×Do>1,potentially due to water interacting with macromolecules.These preliminary finding motivate future research into contrast and attenuation mechanisms in tissue with low-field,high-gradient NMR。

标签用PETG热收缩膜收缩力影响因素的研究

本文就拉伸工艺对PETG热收缩膜收缩力的影响展开了研究。研究结果表明:随着拉伸温度的升高和拉伸时间的延长,薄膜的收缩力有一定程度的降低;随着定型温度的升高和定型时间的延长,薄膜的收缩力也会降低;增大横向拉伸比,薄膜的收缩力增大。

基于张力减径机转矩反馈自适应调整CEC触发时间的方法

钢管头尾进入张力减径机的轧制时间的准确性对张力减径机管端壁厚控制模型的准确性至关重要,由于在张力减径机难以安装检测钢管头尾壁厚的传感器形成有效的反馈机制,从而降低了张力减径机管端壁厚控制模型的应用效果。建议引入主电机的转矩作为咬钢和抛钢的反馈判断依据,同时引入钢管的头部尾部跟踪滤掉多余的转矩波动。根据实测的咬钢、抛钢时间,送入队列计算移动平均得到CEC修正值,使得CEC可以在钢管咬钢、抛钢时准确触发,降低钢管头尾切损。该方法在实践中获得验证,切实可行。

简述双向拉伸薄膜制造的知行合一(一)

本文归纳了双拉膜应用技术发展过程中的前后经历、成型理论、市场趋势,指出了双拉膜关键工艺及流程的影响因素和市场是推动双拉膜的持续进化和品质改善的主要因素,讨论了目前双拉膜发展的技术路径以及装备上进行一些革新的尝试。在此基础上,对双拉膜进一步拓展,进行了依赖协同递进和纵横合作的前景展望。

简述双向拉伸薄膜制造的知行合一(三)

本文归纳了双拉膜应用技术发展过程中的前后经历、成型理论、市场趋势,指出了双拉膜关键工艺及流程的影响因素和市场是推动双拉膜的持续进化和品质改善的主要因素,讨论了目前双拉膜发展的技术路径以及装备上进行一些革新的尝试。在此基础上,对双拉膜进一步拓展,进行了依赖协同递进和纵横合作的前景展望。

简述双向拉伸薄膜制造的知行合一(四)

本文归纳了双拉膜应用技术发展过程中的前后经历、成型理论、市场趋势,指出了双拉膜关键工艺及流程的影响因素和市场是推动双拉膜的持续进化和品质改善的主要因素,讨论了目前双拉膜发展的技术路径以及装备上进行一些革新的尝试。在此基础上,对双拉膜进一步拓展,进行了依赖协同递进和纵横合作的前景展望。

简述双向拉伸薄膜制造的知行合一(二)

本文归纳了双拉膜应用技术发展过程中的前后经历、成型理论、市场趋势,指出了双拉膜关键工艺及流程的影响因素和市场是推动双拉膜的持续进化和品质改善的主要因素,讨论了目前双拉膜发展的技术路径以及装备上进行一些革新的尝试。在此基础上,对双拉膜进一步拓展,进行了依赖协同递进和纵横合作的前景展望。

基于宽带时延-时间伸缩的目标几何像求解方法研究

提出了一种基于宽带时延-时间伸缩的目标几何像求解方法.传统的宽带相关成像得到的目标散射点的时延-时间伸缩分布像相对于目标的几何像是扭曲的,通过对多个相邻回波的时延-时间伸缩分布图的特征提取,得到目标的运动参数,据此将目标的时延-时间伸缩像转化为目标的几何像,便于进行下一步的目标识别和图像增强.通过计算机仿真验证,表明该方法是有效的.

基于图像熵技术的匀速运动目标多脉冲图像增强方法研究

提出了一种基于图像熵技术的匀速运动目标多脉冲宽带时延-时间伸缩成像方法.通过对匀速运动目标多个相邻回波脉冲的时延-时间伸缩分布图的特征提取,得到目标的运动参数,将传统的宽带相关成像得到的目标散射点的时延-时间伸缩分布像转化为目标的几何像,然后利用图像熵技术对多个相邻脉冲图像进行精确对准,达到图像增强的目的.通过计算机仿真验证,表明该方法是有效的.

逆时深度偏移中的子波拉伸校正

文中提出一种在逆时偏移的波场延拓后、应用成像条件前对地震数据进行子波拉伸校正的方法,在延拓过程中分别提取各网格点震源波场和接收点波场在成像时刻的地震子波,对其进行压缩处理,再应用归一化波场分离互相关成像条件,得到拉伸校正后的成像结果。该方法不改变成像结果的振幅与相位。其中,子波压缩计算需要的各网格点的反射角和局部地层倾角由地震波场的坡印廷矢量(Poynting vector)计算得到。数值算例表明,该方法能够校正由于反射角增大引起的子波拉伸效应,提高逆时偏移的成像品质,为AVA/AVO分析提供高精度的输入道集。