In order to improve the accuracy and engineering feasibility of four-Satellite localization system, the frequency difference measurement is introduced to the four-Satellite TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) localizati...In order to improve the accuracy and engineering feasibility of four-Satellite localization system, the frequency difference measurement is introduced to the four-Satellite TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm. The TDOA/FDOA (Frequency Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm is used to optimize the GDOP (geometric dilution of precision) of four-Satellite localization. The simulation results show that the absolute position measurement accuracy has little influence on TDOA/FDOA localization accuracy as compared with TDOA localization. Under the same conditions, TDOA/FDOA localization has better accuracy and its GDOP shows more uniform distribution in diamond configuration case. The localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA/FDOA is better than the localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA.展开更多
The source location based on the hybrid time difference of arrival(TDOA)/frequency difference of arrival(FDOA) is a basic problem in wireless sensor networks, and the layout of sensors in the hybrid TDOA/FDOA position...The source location based on the hybrid time difference of arrival(TDOA)/frequency difference of arrival(FDOA) is a basic problem in wireless sensor networks, and the layout of sensors in the hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning will greatly affect the accuracy of positioning. Using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) as base stations, by optimizing the trajectory of the UAV swarm, an optimal positioning configuration is formed to improve the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation. In this paper, a hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning model is first established, and the positioning accuracy of the hybrid TDOA/FDOA under different positioning configurations and different measurement errors is simulated by the geometric dilution of precision(GDOP) factor. Second, the Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB) matrix of hybrid TDOA/FDOA location under different moving states of the target is derived theoretically, the objective function of the track optimization is obtained, and the track of the UAV swarm is optimized in real time. The simulation results show that the track optimization effectively improves the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation.展开更多
To improve the estimation accuracy,a novel time delay estimation(TDE)method based on the closed-form offset compensation is proposed.Firstly,we use the generalized cross-correlation with phase transform(GCC-PHAT)metho...To improve the estimation accuracy,a novel time delay estimation(TDE)method based on the closed-form offset compensation is proposed.Firstly,we use the generalized cross-correlation with phase transform(GCC-PHAT)method to obtain the initial TDE.Secondly,a signal model using normalized cross spectrum is established,and the noise subspace is extracted by eigenvalue decomposition(EVD)of covariance matrix.Using the orthogonal relation between the steering vector and the noise subspace,the first-order Taylor expansion is carried out on the steering vector reconstructed by the initial TDE.Finally,the offsets are compensated via simple least squares(LS).Compared to other state-of-the-art methods,the proposed method significantly reduces the computational complexity and achieves better estimation performance.Experiments on both simulation and real-world data verify the efficiency of the proposed approach.展开更多
针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并...针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并利用最小二乘算法对目标位置进行粗估计。其次,考虑测量误差和传感器位置误差,构建目标定位误差和传感器位置的联合方程,并利用加权最小二乘求解。最后,利用目标定位误差对目标位置粗估计值进行修正,得到更精确的定位结果。仿真实验表明,所提算法可对目标位置和传感器位置进行联合估计,相较于已有算法具有更高的定位精度,更适用于传感器位置存在误差情况下的水下目标定位。展开更多
For Time Difference Of Arrival(TDOA) location based on multi-ground stations scene,two direct solution methods are proposed to solve the target position in TDOA location.Therein,the solving methods are realized in the...For Time Difference Of Arrival(TDOA) location based on multi-ground stations scene,two direct solution methods are proposed to solve the target position in TDOA location.Therein,the solving methods are realized in the rectangular and polar coordinates.On the condition of rectangular coordinates,first of all,it solves the radial range between the target and reference station,then cal-culates the location of the target.In the case of polar coordinates,the azimuth between the target and reference station is solved first,then the radial range between the target and reference station is figured out,finally the location of the target is obtained.Simultaneously,the simulation and comparison analysis are given in detail,and show that the polar solving method has the better fuzzy performance than that of rectangular coordinate.展开更多
For the frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) esti-mation in passive location, this paper transforms the frequency difference estimation into the radial velocity difference estimation, which is difficult to achieve...For the frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) esti-mation in passive location, this paper transforms the frequency difference estimation into the radial velocity difference estimation, which is difficult to achieve a high accuracy due to the mismatch between the sampling period and the pulse repetition interval. The proposed algorithm firstly estimates the point-in-time that each pulse arrives at two receivers accurately. Secondly two time of arrival (TOA) sequences are subtracted. And final y the radial ve-locity difference of a target relative to two stations with the least square method is estimated. This algorithm only needs accurate estimation of the time delay between pulses and is not influenced by parameters such as frequency and modulation mode. It avoids transmitting a large amount of data between two stations in real time. Simulation results corroborate that the performance is bet-ter than the arithmetic average of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for monopulse under suitable conditions.展开更多
The time difference of arrival(TDOA)estimation plays a crucial role in the accurate localization of the satellite interference source.In the dual-satellites interference source localization system,the target signal fr...The time difference of arrival(TDOA)estimation plays a crucial role in the accurate localization of the satellite interference source.In the dual-satellites interference source localization system,the target signal from the adjacent satellite is likely to be interfered by the normal communication signal with the same frequency.Therefore,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of the target signal would become too low,and the TDOA estimation through cross-correlation processing would be unreliable or even unattainable.This paper proposes a technique based on blind separation to solve the co-channel interference problem,where separation of the mixed signal can be carried out by the particle filter(PF)algorithm.The experimental results show that the proposed method could achieve more accurate TDOA estimation.The measured data obtained by using the software radio platform at 915 MHz and 2 GHz respectively verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
To solve the problem of time difference of arrival(TDOA)positioning and tracking of targets by the unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)swarm in future air combat,this paper adopts the TDOA positioning method and uses time di...To solve the problem of time difference of arrival(TDOA)positioning and tracking of targets by the unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)swarm in future air combat,this paper adopts the TDOA positioning method and uses time difference sensors of the UAV swarm to locate target radiation sources.Firstly,a TDOA model for the target is set up for the UAV swarm under the condition that the error variance varies with the received signal-to-noise ratio.The accuracy of the positioning error is analyzed by geometric dilution of precision(GDOP).The D-optimality criterion of the positioning model is theoretically derived.The target is positioned and settled,and the maximum value of the Fisher information matrix determinant is used as the optimization objective function to optimize the track of the UAV in real time.Simulation results show that the track optimization improves the positioning accuracy and stability of the UAV swarm to the target.展开更多
This paper presents a source localization algorithm based on the source signal's time-difference-of-arrival(TDOA) for asynchronous wireless sensor network.To obtain synchronization among anchors,all anchors broadc...This paper presents a source localization algorithm based on the source signal's time-difference-of-arrival(TDOA) for asynchronous wireless sensor network.To obtain synchronization among anchors,all anchors broadcast signals periodically,the clock offsets and skews of anchor pairs can be estimated using broadcasting signal's time-of-arrivals(TOA) at anchors.A kalman filter is adopted to improve the accuracy of clock offsets and track the clock drifts due to random fluctuations.Once the source transmits signal,the TOAs at anchors are stamped respectively and source's TDOA error due to clock offset and skew of anchor pair can be mitigated by a compensation operation.Based on a Gaussian noise model,maximum likelihood estimation(MLE) for the source position is obtained.Performance issues are addressed by evaluating the Cramer-Rao lower bound and the selection of broadcasting period.The proposed algorithm is simple and effective,which has close performance with synchronous TDOA algorithm.展开更多
As an important application research topic of the intelligent aviation multi-station, collaborative detecting must overcome the problem of scouting measurement with status of 'fragmentation', and the NP-hardne...As an important application research topic of the intelligent aviation multi-station, collaborative detecting must overcome the problem of scouting measurement with status of 'fragmentation', and the NP-hardness problem of matching association between target and measurement in the process of scouting to data-link, which has complicated technical architecture of network construction. In this paper, taking advantage of cooperation mechanism on signal level in the aviation multi-station sympathetic network, a method of obtaining target time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurement using multi-station collaborative detecting based on time-frequency association is proposed. The method can not only achieve matching between target and its measurement, but also obtain TDOA measurement by further evolutionary transaction through refreshing sequential pulse time of arrival (TOA) measurement matrix for matching and correlating. Simulation results show that the accuracy of TDOA measurement has significant superiority over TOA, and detection probability of false TDOA measurement introduced by noise and fake measurement can be reduced effectively.展开更多
提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置...提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置,然后依据目标散射回波到达各个辅站与空中运动平台的TDOA确定目标的位置。分析了三维TDOA目标定位模糊产生的原因,提出了一种无模糊的高精度TDOA目标位置求解算法。仿真结果表明,该算法比经典的TDOA定位算法精度高,而且不存在定位模糊,从而验证了该空中运动平台对目标进行无源定位方法的有效性以及正确性。展开更多
文摘In order to improve the accuracy and engineering feasibility of four-Satellite localization system, the frequency difference measurement is introduced to the four-Satellite TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm. The TDOA/FDOA (Frequency Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm is used to optimize the GDOP (geometric dilution of precision) of four-Satellite localization. The simulation results show that the absolute position measurement accuracy has little influence on TDOA/FDOA localization accuracy as compared with TDOA localization. Under the same conditions, TDOA/FDOA localization has better accuracy and its GDOP shows more uniform distribution in diamond configuration case. The localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA/FDOA is better than the localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61502522)Equipment Pre-Research Field Fund(JZX7Y20190253036101)+1 种基金Equipment Pre-Research Ministry of Education Joint Fund (6141A02033703)Hubei Provincial Natural Scie nce Foundation (2019CFC897)。
文摘The source location based on the hybrid time difference of arrival(TDOA)/frequency difference of arrival(FDOA) is a basic problem in wireless sensor networks, and the layout of sensors in the hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning will greatly affect the accuracy of positioning. Using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) as base stations, by optimizing the trajectory of the UAV swarm, an optimal positioning configuration is formed to improve the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation. In this paper, a hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning model is first established, and the positioning accuracy of the hybrid TDOA/FDOA under different positioning configurations and different measurement errors is simulated by the geometric dilution of precision(GDOP) factor. Second, the Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB) matrix of hybrid TDOA/FDOA location under different moving states of the target is derived theoretically, the objective function of the track optimization is obtained, and the track of the UAV swarm is optimized in real time. The simulation results show that the track optimization effectively improves the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation.
基金supported in part by National Key R&D Program of China under Grants 2020YFB1807602 and 2020YFB1807600National Science Foundation of China(61971217,61971218,61631020,61601167)+1 种基金the Fund of Sonar Technology Key Laboratory(Range estimation and location technology of passive target viamultiple array combination),Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds(2020Z013)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M681585).
文摘To improve the estimation accuracy,a novel time delay estimation(TDE)method based on the closed-form offset compensation is proposed.Firstly,we use the generalized cross-correlation with phase transform(GCC-PHAT)method to obtain the initial TDE.Secondly,a signal model using normalized cross spectrum is established,and the noise subspace is extracted by eigenvalue decomposition(EVD)of covariance matrix.Using the orthogonal relation between the steering vector and the noise subspace,the first-order Taylor expansion is carried out on the steering vector reconstructed by the initial TDE.Finally,the offsets are compensated via simple least squares(LS).Compared to other state-of-the-art methods,the proposed method significantly reduces the computational complexity and achieves better estimation performance.Experiments on both simulation and real-world data verify the efficiency of the proposed approach.
文摘针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并利用最小二乘算法对目标位置进行粗估计。其次,考虑测量误差和传感器位置误差,构建目标定位误差和传感器位置的联合方程,并利用加权最小二乘求解。最后,利用目标定位误差对目标位置粗估计值进行修正,得到更精确的定位结果。仿真实验表明,所提算法可对目标位置和传感器位置进行联合估计,相较于已有算法具有更高的定位精度,更适用于传感器位置存在误差情况下的水下目标定位。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60825104,61072107)the National Postdoctor Fundation (No. 20090451251)+1 种基金the Shaanxi Industry Surmount Foundation (2009K08-31)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JY10000-902025) of China
文摘For Time Difference Of Arrival(TDOA) location based on multi-ground stations scene,two direct solution methods are proposed to solve the target position in TDOA location.Therein,the solving methods are realized in the rectangular and polar coordinates.On the condition of rectangular coordinates,first of all,it solves the radial range between the target and reference station,then cal-culates the location of the target.In the case of polar coordinates,the azimuth between the target and reference station is solved first,then the radial range between the target and reference station is figured out,finally the location of the target is obtained.Simultaneously,the simulation and comparison analysis are given in detail,and show that the polar solving method has the better fuzzy performance than that of rectangular coordinate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China(61201208)
文摘For the frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) esti-mation in passive location, this paper transforms the frequency difference estimation into the radial velocity difference estimation, which is difficult to achieve a high accuracy due to the mismatch between the sampling period and the pulse repetition interval. The proposed algorithm firstly estimates the point-in-time that each pulse arrives at two receivers accurately. Secondly two time of arrival (TOA) sequences are subtracted. And final y the radial ve-locity difference of a target relative to two stations with the least square method is estimated. This algorithm only needs accurate estimation of the time delay between pulses and is not influenced by parameters such as frequency and modulation mode. It avoids transmitting a large amount of data between two stations in real time. Simulation results corroborate that the performance is bet-ter than the arithmetic average of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for monopulse under suitable conditions.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2082604194194)
文摘The time difference of arrival(TDOA)estimation plays a crucial role in the accurate localization of the satellite interference source.In the dual-satellites interference source localization system,the target signal from the adjacent satellite is likely to be interfered by the normal communication signal with the same frequency.Therefore,the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of the target signal would become too low,and the TDOA estimation through cross-correlation processing would be unreliable or even unattainable.This paper proposes a technique based on blind separation to solve the co-channel interference problem,where separation of the mixed signal can be carried out by the particle filter(PF)algorithm.The experimental results show that the proposed method could achieve more accurate TDOA estimation.The measured data obtained by using the software radio platform at 915 MHz and 2 GHz respectively verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61502522)the Equipment Pre-Research Field Fund(JZX7Y20190253036101)+1 种基金the Equipment Pre-Research Ministry of Education Joint Fund(6141A02033703)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019CFC897).
文摘To solve the problem of time difference of arrival(TDOA)positioning and tracking of targets by the unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)swarm in future air combat,this paper adopts the TDOA positioning method and uses time difference sensors of the UAV swarm to locate target radiation sources.Firstly,a TDOA model for the target is set up for the UAV swarm under the condition that the error variance varies with the received signal-to-noise ratio.The accuracy of the positioning error is analyzed by geometric dilution of precision(GDOP).The D-optimality criterion of the positioning model is theoretically derived.The target is positioned and settled,and the maximum value of the Fisher information matrix determinant is used as the optimization objective function to optimize the track of the UAV in real time.Simulation results show that the track optimization improves the positioning accuracy and stability of the UAV swarm to the target.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61571452 and No.61201331
文摘This paper presents a source localization algorithm based on the source signal's time-difference-of-arrival(TDOA) for asynchronous wireless sensor network.To obtain synchronization among anchors,all anchors broadcast signals periodically,the clock offsets and skews of anchor pairs can be estimated using broadcasting signal's time-of-arrivals(TOA) at anchors.A kalman filter is adopted to improve the accuracy of clock offsets and track the clock drifts due to random fluctuations.Once the source transmits signal,the TOAs at anchors are stamped respectively and source's TDOA error due to clock offset and skew of anchor pair can be mitigated by a compensation operation.Based on a Gaussian noise model,maximum likelihood estimation(MLE) for the source position is obtained.Performance issues are addressed by evaluating the Cramer-Rao lower bound and the selection of broadcasting period.The proposed algorithm is simple and effective,which has close performance with synchronous TDOA algorithm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61472443)the Basic Research Priorities Program of Shaanxi Province Natural Science Foundation of China(2013JQ8042)
文摘As an important application research topic of the intelligent aviation multi-station, collaborative detecting must overcome the problem of scouting measurement with status of 'fragmentation', and the NP-hardness problem of matching association between target and measurement in the process of scouting to data-link, which has complicated technical architecture of network construction. In this paper, taking advantage of cooperation mechanism on signal level in the aviation multi-station sympathetic network, a method of obtaining target time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurement using multi-station collaborative detecting based on time-frequency association is proposed. The method can not only achieve matching between target and its measurement, but also obtain TDOA measurement by further evolutionary transaction through refreshing sequential pulse time of arrival (TOA) measurement matrix for matching and correlating. Simulation results show that the accuracy of TDOA measurement has significant superiority over TOA, and detection probability of false TDOA measurement introduced by noise and fake measurement can be reduced effectively.
文摘提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置,然后依据目标散射回波到达各个辅站与空中运动平台的TDOA确定目标的位置。分析了三维TDOA目标定位模糊产生的原因,提出了一种无模糊的高精度TDOA目标位置求解算法。仿真结果表明,该算法比经典的TDOA定位算法精度高,而且不存在定位模糊,从而验证了该空中运动平台对目标进行无源定位方法的有效性以及正确性。