In Newton’s classical physics, space and time are treated as absolute quantities. Space and time are treated as independent quantities and can be discussed sepa-rately. With his theory of relativity, Einstein proved ...In Newton’s classical physics, space and time are treated as absolute quantities. Space and time are treated as independent quantities and can be discussed sepa-rately. With his theory of relativity, Einstein proved that space and time are de-pendent and must be treated inseparably. Minkowski adopted a four-dimensional space-time frame and indirectly revealed the dependency of space and time by adding a constraint for an event interval. Since space and time are inseparable, a three-dimensional space-time frame can be constructed by embedding time into space to directly show the interdependency of space and time. The formula for time dilation, length contraction, and the Lorenz transformation can be derived from graphs utilizing this new frame. The proposed three-dimensional space-time frame is an alternate frame that can be used to describe motions of objects, and it may improve teaching and learning Special Relativity and provide additional insights into space and time.展开更多
This paper presents an option for modern dynamic terrestrial reference system realization in Uzbekistan for user needs. An additive model is explored to predict patterns of time series and investigate means of constru...This paper presents an option for modern dynamic terrestrial reference system realization in Uzbekistan for user needs. An additive model is explored to predict patterns of time series and investigate means of constructing forecast time series models in the future. The main components(trend, periodical, and irregular) of the KIUB(DORIS) and KIT3, TASH, MADK, and MTAL(GNSS) international stations coordinate time series were investigated. It was shown that seasonal nonlinear trends occurred both in the height(U) component of all stations and the east(E) component of high mountainous stations such as MTAL and MADK. The seasonal periodical portion of the time series determined from the additive model has a complicated pattern for all sites and can be explained as both hydrological signals in the region and improvement of observational quality. Amplitudes of the best-fitting sinusoids in the North component ranged between 1.73 and 8.76 mm; the East component ranged between 0.82 and 11.92 mm; and the Up component ranged between 3.11 and 40.81 mm. Regression analysis of the irregular portion of the height component of the two techniques at the Kitab station using tropospheric parameters(pressure and temperature) was confirmed as only 57% of the stochastic portion of the time series.展开更多
A novel technique called physical frame time-slot switching （PFTS） is discussed and its technical and application aspects are analyzed. The format of the ethernet media access control （MAC） frame is borrowed in de...A novel technique called physical frame time-slot switching （PFTS） is discussed and its technical and application aspects are analyzed. The format of the ethernet media access control （MAC） frame is borrowed in defining the physical frame for PFTS and the transmission time for the maximum size of the MAC frame is defined as a physical frame time-slot （PFT）. Consequently, user data can be fed into PFTS and switched in a single layer sub-network in an asynchronous mode.展开更多
地心运动会影响地球参考框架原点的准确性,是地球参考框架进行非线性维持必须考虑的因素之一,因此提出对地心运动进行多尺度的建模和预测,以实现毫米级地球参考框架的建立和维持。采用网平移法计算的地心运动、全球地球物理流体中心(glo...地心运动会影响地球参考框架原点的准确性,是地球参考框架进行非线性维持必须考虑的因素之一,因此提出对地心运动进行多尺度的建模和预测,以实现毫米级地球参考框架的建立和维持。采用网平移法计算的地心运动、全球地球物理流体中心(global geophysical fluids center,GGFC)和国际GNSS服务(international gnss service,IGS)第三次重处理(IGSR03)提供的3组地心运动数据,首先对其一致性和差异进行了分析,然后分别利用谐波模型和Diff-LSTM模型对地心运动进行了长期和短期的建模与预测,结果显示,GGFC地心运动的预测精度优于1.5 mm,而Diff-LSTM模型的地心运动预测结果在短期内优于谐波模型,当预测步长为17时,GGFC和IGSR03的地心运动预测精度均能达到甚至优于1 mm。表明地心运动的预测精度能够满足基于地球质量中心(center of mass of the total earth system,CM)的瞬时地球参考框架的建立与维持。展开更多
随着5G技术的不断发展,5G蜂窝网络已被广泛应用于城市地区。然而,基于5G的机会信号定位技术中存在着测距精度不高的问题。针对此问题,提出一种改进型5G机会信号定位算法,该算法将多信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法...随着5G技术的不断发展,5G蜂窝网络已被广泛应用于城市地区。然而,基于5G的机会信号定位技术中存在着测距精度不高的问题。针对此问题,提出一种改进型5G机会信号定位算法,该算法将多信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法与改进的早-晚功率锁相环(phase-locked loop,PLL)结合,不仅简化了锁相环结构,更保证了测距精度;同时搭建了基于5G机会信号定位的原理样机,并对改进算法方法的有效性和可行性进行了验证,试验结果表明伪距均方误差为3.03 m。本文所提出的算法不仅结构简单、系统稳定,而且在测距精度上也有一定的优势。展开更多
文摘In Newton’s classical physics, space and time are treated as absolute quantities. Space and time are treated as independent quantities and can be discussed sepa-rately. With his theory of relativity, Einstein proved that space and time are de-pendent and must be treated inseparably. Minkowski adopted a four-dimensional space-time frame and indirectly revealed the dependency of space and time by adding a constraint for an event interval. Since space and time are inseparable, a three-dimensional space-time frame can be constructed by embedding time into space to directly show the interdependency of space and time. The formula for time dilation, length contraction, and the Lorenz transformation can be derived from graphs utilizing this new frame. The proposed three-dimensional space-time frame is an alternate frame that can be used to describe motions of objects, and it may improve teaching and learning Special Relativity and provide additional insights into space and time.
基金funded by the research-applied project of the Astronomical Institute of Uzbekistan (FA-A5-F014)
文摘This paper presents an option for modern dynamic terrestrial reference system realization in Uzbekistan for user needs. An additive model is explored to predict patterns of time series and investigate means of constructing forecast time series models in the future. The main components(trend, periodical, and irregular) of the KIUB(DORIS) and KIT3, TASH, MADK, and MTAL(GNSS) international stations coordinate time series were investigated. It was shown that seasonal nonlinear trends occurred both in the height(U) component of all stations and the east(E) component of high mountainous stations such as MTAL and MADK. The seasonal periodical portion of the time series determined from the additive model has a complicated pattern for all sites and can be explained as both hydrological signals in the region and improvement of observational quality. Amplitudes of the best-fitting sinusoids in the North component ranged between 1.73 and 8.76 mm; the East component ranged between 0.82 and 11.92 mm; and the Up component ranged between 3.11 and 40.81 mm. Regression analysis of the irregular portion of the height component of the two techniques at the Kitab station using tropospheric parameters(pressure and temperature) was confirmed as only 57% of the stochastic portion of the time series.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60372065)
文摘A novel technique called physical frame time-slot switching （PFTS） is discussed and its technical and application aspects are analyzed. The format of the ethernet media access control （MAC） frame is borrowed in defining the physical frame for PFTS and the transmission time for the maximum size of the MAC frame is defined as a physical frame time-slot （PFT）. Consequently, user data can be fed into PFTS and switched in a single layer sub-network in an asynchronous mode.
文摘地心运动会影响地球参考框架原点的准确性,是地球参考框架进行非线性维持必须考虑的因素之一,因此提出对地心运动进行多尺度的建模和预测,以实现毫米级地球参考框架的建立和维持。采用网平移法计算的地心运动、全球地球物理流体中心(global geophysical fluids center,GGFC)和国际GNSS服务(international gnss service,IGS)第三次重处理(IGSR03)提供的3组地心运动数据,首先对其一致性和差异进行了分析,然后分别利用谐波模型和Diff-LSTM模型对地心运动进行了长期和短期的建模与预测,结果显示,GGFC地心运动的预测精度优于1.5 mm,而Diff-LSTM模型的地心运动预测结果在短期内优于谐波模型,当预测步长为17时,GGFC和IGSR03的地心运动预测精度均能达到甚至优于1 mm。表明地心运动的预测精度能够满足基于地球质量中心(center of mass of the total earth system,CM)的瞬时地球参考框架的建立与维持。
文摘随着5G技术的不断发展,5G蜂窝网络已被广泛应用于城市地区。然而,基于5G的机会信号定位技术中存在着测距精度不高的问题。针对此问题,提出一种改进型5G机会信号定位算法,该算法将多信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)算法与改进的早-晚功率锁相环(phase-locked loop,PLL)结合,不仅简化了锁相环结构,更保证了测距精度;同时搭建了基于5G机会信号定位的原理样机,并对改进算法方法的有效性和可行性进行了验证,试验结果表明伪距均方误差为3.03 m。本文所提出的算法不仅结构简单、系统稳定,而且在测距精度上也有一定的优势。
