The purpose of this paper is to examine the time series properties of Australian residential mortgage interest rates, and in doing so, establish whether or not selected home loan rates (product-level monthly home loa...The purpose of this paper is to examine the time series properties of Australian residential mortgage interest rates, and in doing so, establish whether or not selected home loan rates (product-level monthly home loan interest rates for CBA) exhibit the expected cyclical and seasonal variations and whether seasonality, if present, is stochastic or deterministic. In particular, due to a well established presence of cyclicality in financial markets' interest rates and strong correlation between financial markets' interest rates and home loan interest rates, the paper presumes that cyclicality is also to be found in home loan interest rates. Furthermore, the paper tests the hypothesis that home loan interest rates, for selected products, exhibit the three identified ("Spring", "Autumn" and "The end of the Financial Year") season-related interest rate reductions. The paper uses a structural time series modelling approach and product-level home loan interest rates data from one of the biggest banks in Australia, Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA). As expected, the results overall confirm the existence of cyclicality in home loan interest rates. With respect to the seasonality of home loan interest rate, although most of the analysed variables show the presence of statistically significant seasonal factors, the majority of the statistically significant seasonal factors observed cannot be attributed to any of the three considered seasonal effects.展开更多
Cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) is a potential cathode for aqueous Na-ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity (170 m Ah g^(-1));however,its lower rate capability and cyclability limit its applicati...Cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) is a potential cathode for aqueous Na-ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity (170 m Ah g^(-1));however,its lower rate capability and cyclability limit its applications.Structural distortion at a weak N-coordinated crystal field during cycling disintegrates Co,yielding an irreversible reaction.Different Zn amounts ranging 0–1 were added to the Co site to suppress the structural irreversibility of CoHCF,yielding Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF powder;this Zn (x≤0.09) addition reduced the powder’s dimension because the lower four coordination of Zn–N,not the six coordination of Co–N,limits the powder growth.Simultaneously,a small lattice parameter and interaxial angle (~90°) are obtained,implying that a narrower Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF inner structure is formed to accommodate Na ions.Moreover,the electronic conductivity of Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF gradually increased within 0–0.09 range.A smaller particle size with a high surface area leads to a near-surface-limited redox process,similar to a capacitive reaction.Both the surface-limited reaction and electronic conductivity enhances the reversibility due to the smaller charge transfer resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface caused by Zn addition.Replacing redox-active Co with non-active Zn amount of 0.07 (Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF) slightly reduces the specific capacity from 127 to 119 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1)due to the shrunken Co charging sites.Rate performance is enhanced by compromising the capacity and reduced distortion,resulting in 81%retention at a 20-times-faster charging rate.Notably,the Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF sample exhibited the good stability while preserving 74%of the initial capacity at 0.5 A g^(-1)after 200 cycles.展开更多
An analytical moment-based method for calculating structuralfirst failure times under non-Gaussian stochastic behavior is proposed. In the method, a power series that constants can be obtained from response moments (...An analytical moment-based method for calculating structuralfirst failure times under non-Gaussian stochastic behavior is proposed. In the method, a power series that constants can be obtained from response moments (skewness, kurtosis, etc.) is used firstly to map a non-Gaussian structural response into a standard Gaussian process, then mean up-crossing rates, mean clump size and the initial passage probability of a critical barrier level by the original structural response are estimated, and finally, the formula for calculating first failure times is established on the assur^ption that corrected up-crossing rates are independent. An analysis of a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom dynamical system excited by a Gaussian model of load not only demonstrates the usage of the proposed method but also shows the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method by comparisons between the present method and other methods such as Monte Carlo simulation and the traditional Gaussian model.展开更多
In this paper,the inviscid and non-resistive limit is justified for the local-in-time solutions to the equations of nonhomogeneous incompressible magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD)in R3.We prove that as the viscosity and r...In this paper,the inviscid and non-resistive limit is justified for the local-in-time solutions to the equations of nonhomogeneous incompressible magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD)in R3.We prove that as the viscosity and resistivity go to zero,the solution of the Cauchy problem for the nonhomogeneous incompressible MHD system converges to the solution of the ideal MHD system.The convergence rate is also obtained simultaneously.展开更多
There are a series of medium and small metamorphic phosphorous deposits distributed from Zhangchun and Huangmei counties of Hubei Province through Susong and Feidong counties of Anhui Province to Donghai County of Jia...There are a series of medium and small metamorphic phosphorous deposits distributed from Zhangchun and Huangmei counties of Hubei Province through Susong and Feidong counties of Anhui Province to Donghai County of Jiangsu Province, which are named Haizhou-type phosphorous deposit. Based on the study of the microstructures,展开更多
文摘The purpose of this paper is to examine the time series properties of Australian residential mortgage interest rates, and in doing so, establish whether or not selected home loan rates (product-level monthly home loan interest rates for CBA) exhibit the expected cyclical and seasonal variations and whether seasonality, if present, is stochastic or deterministic. In particular, due to a well established presence of cyclicality in financial markets' interest rates and strong correlation between financial markets' interest rates and home loan interest rates, the paper presumes that cyclicality is also to be found in home loan interest rates. Furthermore, the paper tests the hypothesis that home loan interest rates, for selected products, exhibit the three identified ("Spring", "Autumn" and "The end of the Financial Year") season-related interest rate reductions. The paper uses a structural time series modelling approach and product-level home loan interest rates data from one of the biggest banks in Australia, Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA). As expected, the results overall confirm the existence of cyclicality in home loan interest rates. With respect to the seasonality of home loan interest rate, although most of the analysed variables show the presence of statistically significant seasonal factors, the majority of the statistically significant seasonal factors observed cannot be attributed to any of the three considered seasonal effects.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning) (NRF-2020R1F1A1075601, NRF-2021R1A4A2001658)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51904059)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N182505036, N2002005)the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1807123)。
文摘Cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) is a potential cathode for aqueous Na-ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity (170 m Ah g^(-1));however,its lower rate capability and cyclability limit its applications.Structural distortion at a weak N-coordinated crystal field during cycling disintegrates Co,yielding an irreversible reaction.Different Zn amounts ranging 0–1 were added to the Co site to suppress the structural irreversibility of CoHCF,yielding Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF powder;this Zn (x≤0.09) addition reduced the powder’s dimension because the lower four coordination of Zn–N,not the six coordination of Co–N,limits the powder growth.Simultaneously,a small lattice parameter and interaxial angle (~90°) are obtained,implying that a narrower Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF inner structure is formed to accommodate Na ions.Moreover,the electronic conductivity of Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF gradually increased within 0–0.09 range.A smaller particle size with a high surface area leads to a near-surface-limited redox process,similar to a capacitive reaction.Both the surface-limited reaction and electronic conductivity enhances the reversibility due to the smaller charge transfer resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface caused by Zn addition.Replacing redox-active Co with non-active Zn amount of 0.07 (Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF) slightly reduces the specific capacity from 127 to 119 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1)due to the shrunken Co charging sites.Rate performance is enhanced by compromising the capacity and reduced distortion,resulting in 81%retention at a 20-times-faster charging rate.Notably,the Co_(1-x)Zn_(x)HCF sample exhibited the good stability while preserving 74%of the initial capacity at 0.5 A g^(-1)after 200 cycles.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Of China (No.50478017)
文摘An analytical moment-based method for calculating structuralfirst failure times under non-Gaussian stochastic behavior is proposed. In the method, a power series that constants can be obtained from response moments (skewness, kurtosis, etc.) is used firstly to map a non-Gaussian structural response into a standard Gaussian process, then mean up-crossing rates, mean clump size and the initial passage probability of a critical barrier level by the original structural response are estimated, and finally, the formula for calculating first failure times is established on the assur^ption that corrected up-crossing rates are independent. An analysis of a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom dynamical system excited by a Gaussian model of load not only demonstrates the usage of the proposed method but also shows the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method by comparisons between the present method and other methods such as Monte Carlo simulation and the traditional Gaussian model.
基金partly supported by NSFC(1080111110971171)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2010J05011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2010121006)
文摘In this paper,the inviscid and non-resistive limit is justified for the local-in-time solutions to the equations of nonhomogeneous incompressible magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD)in R3.We prove that as the viscosity and resistivity go to zero,the solution of the Cauchy problem for the nonhomogeneous incompressible MHD system converges to the solution of the ideal MHD system.The convergence rate is also obtained simultaneously.
基金Study supported by the National Key Project of the 8th Five-Year Plan Period.
文摘There are a series of medium and small metamorphic phosphorous deposits distributed from Zhangchun and Huangmei counties of Hubei Province through Susong and Feidong counties of Anhui Province to Donghai County of Jiangsu Province, which are named Haizhou-type phosphorous deposit. Based on the study of the microstructures,