In this paper,an effective target locating approach based on the fingerprint fusion posi-tioning(FFP)method is proposed which integrates the time-difference of arrival(TDOA)and the received signal strength according t...In this paper,an effective target locating approach based on the fingerprint fusion posi-tioning(FFP)method is proposed which integrates the time-difference of arrival(TDOA)and the received signal strength according to the statistical variance of target position in the stationary 3D scenarios.The FFP method fuses the pedestrian dead reckoning(PDR)estimation to solve the moving target localization problem.We also introduce auxiliary parameters to estimate the target motion state.Subsequently,we can locate the static pedestrians and track the the moving target.For the case study,eight access stationary points are placed on a bookshelf and hypermarket;one target node is moving inside hypermarkets in 2D and 3D scenarios or stationary on the bookshelf.We compare the performance of our proposed method with existing localization algorithms such as k-nearest neighbor,weighted k-nearest neighbor,pure TDOA and fingerprinting combining Bayesian frameworks including the extended Kalman filter,unscented Kalman filter and particle fil-ter(PF).The proposed approach outperforms obviously the counterpart methodologies in terms of the root mean square error and the cumulative distribution function of localization errors,espe-cially in the 3D scenarios.Simulation results corroborate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.展开更多
针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并...针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并利用最小二乘算法对目标位置进行粗估计。其次,考虑测量误差和传感器位置误差,构建目标定位误差和传感器位置的联合方程,并利用加权最小二乘求解。最后,利用目标定位误差对目标位置粗估计值进行修正,得到更精确的定位结果。仿真实验表明,所提算法可对目标位置和传感器位置进行联合估计,相较于已有算法具有更高的定位精度,更适用于传感器位置存在误差情况下的水下目标定位。展开更多
在TDOA(time difference of arrival)目标模拟系统中,采用微波光子链路传输包含精确TDOA信息的多路多频段目标模拟信号,为保证TDOA信息的精度足够高,需要精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时。从特定工程应用角度提出一种光子...在TDOA(time difference of arrival)目标模拟系统中,采用微波光子链路传输包含精确TDOA信息的多路多频段目标模拟信号,为保证TDOA信息的精度足够高,需要精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时。从特定工程应用角度提出一种光子链路传输延时测量方法,通过专用延时测量芯片实现传输延时高分辨率、高精度测量,通过延时测量信号和目标模拟信号分时占用单根光纤的相同光传输波道,实现光子链路传输延时测量和目标模拟信号传输分时工作,从机理上满足了精确测量光子链路传输延时所需硬件条件。试验结果:表明该方法可精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时,测量误差小于1 ns,比传感器的TDOA测量精度高一个数量级,满足系统对光子链路传输延时的测量精度要求。展开更多
In order to improve the accuracy and engineering feasibility of four-Satellite localization system, the frequency difference measurement is introduced to the four-Satellite TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) localizati...In order to improve the accuracy and engineering feasibility of four-Satellite localization system, the frequency difference measurement is introduced to the four-Satellite TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm. The TDOA/FDOA (Frequency Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm is used to optimize the GDOP (geometric dilution of precision) of four-Satellite localization. The simulation results show that the absolute position measurement accuracy has little influence on TDOA/FDOA localization accuracy as compared with TDOA localization. Under the same conditions, TDOA/FDOA localization has better accuracy and its GDOP shows more uniform distribution in diamond configuration case. The localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA/FDOA is better than the localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA.展开更多
The source location based on the hybrid time difference of arrival(TDOA)/frequency difference of arrival(FDOA) is a basic problem in wireless sensor networks, and the layout of sensors in the hybrid TDOA/FDOA position...The source location based on the hybrid time difference of arrival(TDOA)/frequency difference of arrival(FDOA) is a basic problem in wireless sensor networks, and the layout of sensors in the hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning will greatly affect the accuracy of positioning. Using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) as base stations, by optimizing the trajectory of the UAV swarm, an optimal positioning configuration is formed to improve the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation. In this paper, a hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning model is first established, and the positioning accuracy of the hybrid TDOA/FDOA under different positioning configurations and different measurement errors is simulated by the geometric dilution of precision(GDOP) factor. Second, the Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB) matrix of hybrid TDOA/FDOA location under different moving states of the target is derived theoretically, the objective function of the track optimization is obtained, and the track of the UAV swarm is optimized in real time. The simulation results show that the track optimization effectively improves the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation.展开更多
提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置...提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置,然后依据目标散射回波到达各个辅站与空中运动平台的TDOA确定目标的位置。分析了三维TDOA目标定位模糊产生的原因,提出了一种无模糊的高精度TDOA目标位置求解算法。仿真结果表明,该算法比经典的TDOA定位算法精度高,而且不存在定位模糊,从而验证了该空中运动平台对目标进行无源定位方法的有效性以及正确性。展开更多
本文针对Ho提出的基于TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)与GROA(Gain Ratio of Arrival)信号源定位的代数闭式解,提出两种偏差消减方法.首先对其闭式解偏差进行了推导,然后给出BiasRed法与BiasSub法两种偏差消减算法,BiasSub法从Ho给出...本文针对Ho提出的基于TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)与GROA(Gain Ratio of Arrival)信号源定位的代数闭式解,提出两种偏差消减方法.首先对其闭式解偏差进行了推导,然后给出BiasRed法与BiasSub法两种偏差消减算法,BiasSub法从Ho给出的解中直接减去期望偏差,BiasRed法通过分析误差表达方程并引入二次约束来提升定位估计精度;分析表明两种方法均可针对远距离信号源,在较小高斯误差情况下有效消减定位偏差,BiasRed法可将偏差降低到最大似然估计算法的水平;计算机仿真分析验证了所提算法的性能.展开更多
为了提高室内三维空间的定位精度,提出了一种基于联合到达时间差与到达角度(time difference of arrival/angle of arrival,TDOA/AOA)信息的混合定位算法。由于构建的目标函数具有非凸性,采用传统定位算法在目标函数求解过程中会出现局...为了提高室内三维空间的定位精度,提出了一种基于联合到达时间差与到达角度(time difference of arrival/angle of arrival,TDOA/AOA)信息的混合定位算法。由于构建的目标函数具有非凸性,采用传统定位算法在目标函数求解过程中会出现局部最优解的问题。因此,针对该问题,将目标函数转成二次约束二次规划问题,通过引入半定松弛(semi-definite relaxation,SDR)方法将目标函数转换为二阶锥规划(second order cone programming,SOCP)问题,寻找全局最优解。其次,针对SOCP无法对凸包外的目标进行有效定位的问题,在该算法的基础上引入了惩罚项,使松弛后的约束条件进一步逼近原始约束条件,解决了定位过程中的凸包问题。数值仿真结果表明:在10m×10m×3m的三维定位空间内,选取40×40个测试点,平均定位误差为1.39cm,可实现室内三维空间高精度定位。与传统的混合定位算法相比,均能够获得较高的定位精度。展开更多
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(No.62071389).
文摘In this paper,an effective target locating approach based on the fingerprint fusion posi-tioning(FFP)method is proposed which integrates the time-difference of arrival(TDOA)and the received signal strength according to the statistical variance of target position in the stationary 3D scenarios.The FFP method fuses the pedestrian dead reckoning(PDR)estimation to solve the moving target localization problem.We also introduce auxiliary parameters to estimate the target motion state.Subsequently,we can locate the static pedestrians and track the the moving target.For the case study,eight access stationary points are placed on a bookshelf and hypermarket;one target node is moving inside hypermarkets in 2D and 3D scenarios or stationary on the bookshelf.We compare the performance of our proposed method with existing localization algorithms such as k-nearest neighbor,weighted k-nearest neighbor,pure TDOA and fingerprinting combining Bayesian frameworks including the extended Kalman filter,unscented Kalman filter and particle fil-ter(PF).The proposed approach outperforms obviously the counterpart methodologies in terms of the root mean square error and the cumulative distribution function of localization errors,espe-cially in the 3D scenarios.Simulation results corroborate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
文摘针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并利用最小二乘算法对目标位置进行粗估计。其次,考虑测量误差和传感器位置误差,构建目标定位误差和传感器位置的联合方程,并利用加权最小二乘求解。最后,利用目标定位误差对目标位置粗估计值进行修正,得到更精确的定位结果。仿真实验表明,所提算法可对目标位置和传感器位置进行联合估计,相较于已有算法具有更高的定位精度,更适用于传感器位置存在误差情况下的水下目标定位。
文摘在TDOA(time difference of arrival)目标模拟系统中,采用微波光子链路传输包含精确TDOA信息的多路多频段目标模拟信号,为保证TDOA信息的精度足够高,需要精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时。从特定工程应用角度提出一种光子链路传输延时测量方法,通过专用延时测量芯片实现传输延时高分辨率、高精度测量,通过延时测量信号和目标模拟信号分时占用单根光纤的相同光传输波道,实现光子链路传输延时测量和目标模拟信号传输分时工作,从机理上满足了精确测量光子链路传输延时所需硬件条件。试验结果:表明该方法可精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时,测量误差小于1 ns,比传感器的TDOA测量精度高一个数量级,满足系统对光子链路传输延时的测量精度要求。
文摘In order to improve the accuracy and engineering feasibility of four-Satellite localization system, the frequency difference measurement is introduced to the four-Satellite TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm. The TDOA/FDOA (Frequency Difference of Arrival) localization algorithm is used to optimize the GDOP (geometric dilution of precision) of four-Satellite localization. The simulation results show that the absolute position measurement accuracy has little influence on TDOA/FDOA localization accuracy as compared with TDOA localization. Under the same conditions, TDOA/FDOA localization has better accuracy and its GDOP shows more uniform distribution in diamond configuration case. The localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA/FDOA is better than the localization accuracy of four-Satellite TDOA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61502522)Equipment Pre-Research Field Fund(JZX7Y20190253036101)+1 种基金Equipment Pre-Research Ministry of Education Joint Fund (6141A02033703)Hubei Provincial Natural Scie nce Foundation (2019CFC897)。
文摘The source location based on the hybrid time difference of arrival(TDOA)/frequency difference of arrival(FDOA) is a basic problem in wireless sensor networks, and the layout of sensors in the hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning will greatly affect the accuracy of positioning. Using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) as base stations, by optimizing the trajectory of the UAV swarm, an optimal positioning configuration is formed to improve the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation. In this paper, a hybrid TDOA/FDOA positioning model is first established, and the positioning accuracy of the hybrid TDOA/FDOA under different positioning configurations and different measurement errors is simulated by the geometric dilution of precision(GDOP) factor. Second, the Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB) matrix of hybrid TDOA/FDOA location under different moving states of the target is derived theoretically, the objective function of the track optimization is obtained, and the track of the UAV swarm is optimized in real time. The simulation results show that the track optimization effectively improves the accuracy of the target position and velocity estimation.
文摘提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置,然后依据目标散射回波到达各个辅站与空中运动平台的TDOA确定目标的位置。分析了三维TDOA目标定位模糊产生的原因,提出了一种无模糊的高精度TDOA目标位置求解算法。仿真结果表明,该算法比经典的TDOA定位算法精度高,而且不存在定位模糊,从而验证了该空中运动平台对目标进行无源定位方法的有效性以及正确性。
文摘本文针对Ho提出的基于TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)与GROA(Gain Ratio of Arrival)信号源定位的代数闭式解,提出两种偏差消减方法.首先对其闭式解偏差进行了推导,然后给出BiasRed法与BiasSub法两种偏差消减算法,BiasSub法从Ho给出的解中直接减去期望偏差,BiasRed法通过分析误差表达方程并引入二次约束来提升定位估计精度;分析表明两种方法均可针对远距离信号源,在较小高斯误差情况下有效消减定位偏差,BiasRed法可将偏差降低到最大似然估计算法的水平;计算机仿真分析验证了所提算法的性能.
文摘为了提高室内三维空间的定位精度,提出了一种基于联合到达时间差与到达角度(time difference of arrival/angle of arrival,TDOA/AOA)信息的混合定位算法。由于构建的目标函数具有非凸性,采用传统定位算法在目标函数求解过程中会出现局部最优解的问题。因此,针对该问题,将目标函数转成二次约束二次规划问题,通过引入半定松弛(semi-definite relaxation,SDR)方法将目标函数转换为二阶锥规划(second order cone programming,SOCP)问题,寻找全局最优解。其次,针对SOCP无法对凸包外的目标进行有效定位的问题,在该算法的基础上引入了惩罚项,使松弛后的约束条件进一步逼近原始约束条件,解决了定位过程中的凸包问题。数值仿真结果表明:在10m×10m×3m的三维定位空间内,选取40×40个测试点,平均定位误差为1.39cm,可实现室内三维空间高精度定位。与传统的混合定位算法相比,均能够获得较高的定位精度。