Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱胚胎培养对胚胎发育的影响

目的探讨Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱胚胎培养对胚胎发育的影响。方法选取2021年3月—2023年3月在本院生殖中心行IVF-ET/ICSI-ET治疗的613个周期的胚胎发育数据,随机分配胚胎培养方式。分为对照组与研究组,其中对照组为桌面台式培养箱方式(360个周期),研究组为Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱方式(253个周期),统计两组胚胎发育质量。结果研究组中正常受精数、可移植胚胎数、形成囊胚数、优质胚胎数、高评分囊胚数、受精率、冷冻胚胎率、胚囊形成率、优质胚胎率、高评分囊胚率高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱胚胎培养方式优于桌面台式培养箱方式,可为胚胎培养提供适宜的环境、温度、湿度等,有助于胚胎发育,具有较强的实用性和推广性,值得推广应用。

Monitoring the change in horizontal stress with multi-wave time-lapse seismic response based on nonlinear elasticity theory

Monitoring the change in horizontal stress from the geophysical data is a tough challenge, and it has a crucial impact on broad practical scenarios which involve reservoir exploration and development, carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) injection and storage, shallow surface prospecting and deep-earth structure description. The change in in-situ stress induced by hydrocarbon production and localized tectonic movements causes the changes in rock mechanic properties (e.g. wave velocities, density and anisotropy) and further causes the changes in seismic amplitudes, phases and travel times. In this study, the nonlinear elasticity theory that regards the rock skeleton (solid phase) and pore fluid as an effective whole is used to characterize the effect of horizontal principal stress on rock overall elastic properties and the stress-dependent anisotropy parameters are therefore formulated. Then the approximate P-wave, SV-wave and SH-wave angle-dependent reflection coefficient equations for the horizontal-stress-induced anisotropic media are proposed. It is shown that, on the different reflectors, the stress-induced relative changes in reflectivities (i.e., relative difference) of elastic parameters (i.e., P- and S-wave velocities and density) are much less than the changes in contrasts of anisotropy parameters. Therefore, the effects of stress change on the reflectivities of three elastic parameters are reasonably neglected to further propose an AVO inversion approach incorporating P-, SH- and SV-wave information to estimate the change in horizontal principal stress from the corresponding time-lapse seismic data. Compared with the existing methods, our method eliminates the need for man-made rock-physical or fitting parameters, providing more stable predictive power. 1D test illustrates that the estimated result from time-lapse P-wave reflection data shows the most reasonable agreement with the real model, while the estimated result from SH-wave reflection data shows the largest bias. 2D test illustrates the feasibility of the proposed inversion method for estimating the change in horizontal stress from P-wave time-lapse seismic data.

A Systematic Literature Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches for Spectral Image Classification in Agricultural Applications Using Aerial Photography

Recently,there has been a notable surge of interest in scientific research regarding spectral images.The potential of these images to revolutionize the digital photography industry,like aerial photography through Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs),has captured considerable attention.One encouraging aspect is their combination with machine learning and deep learning algorithms,which have demonstrated remarkable outcomes in image classification.As a result of this powerful amalgamation,the adoption of spectral images has experienced exponential growth across various domains,with agriculture being one of the prominent beneficiaries.This paper presents an extensive survey encompassing multispectral and hyperspectral images,focusing on their applications for classification challenges in diverse agricultural areas,including plants,grains,fruits,and vegetables.By meticulously examining primary studies,we delve into the specific agricultural domains where multispectral and hyperspectral images have found practical use.Additionally,our attention is directed towards utilizing machine learning techniques for effectively classifying hyperspectral images within the agricultural context.The findings of our investigation reveal that deep learning and support vector machines have emerged as widely employed methods for hyperspectral image classification in agriculture.Nevertheless,we also shed light on the various issues and limitations of working with spectral images.This comprehensive analysis aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of spectral imaging in agriculture and its potential for future advancements.

使用time-lapse筛选早期IVF/ICSI胚胎及其临床结局

目的通过比较使用time-lapse（延迟摄像）和传统形态学方法筛选IVF/ICSI胚胎的临床结局,评价time-lapse用于早期胚胎观察和筛选的价值。方法回顾性分析139个IVF/ICSI周期的资料,根据胚胎的筛选方法,分为time-lapse monitoring组（TLM组）（n=68）和对照组（n=71）,比较两组间的βHCG阳性率、临床妊娠率和胚胎着床率,并根据女方年龄、受精方式进行亚组分析。结果 TLM组的βHCG阳性率、临床妊娠率、胚胎着床率分别为：66.2%、61.8%、47.1%;对照组的βHCG阳性率、临床妊娠率、胚胎着床率分别为：47.9%、43.7%、30.3%;TLM组的βHCG阳性率、临床妊娠率、胚胎着床率均高于对照组,且差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。亚组分析显示：相较于年龄≤30岁的患者,年龄31~35岁的患者利用time-lapse更能明显改善临床结局;利用time-lapse能明显提高IVF周期的βHCG阳性率、临床妊娠率、胚胎着床率,但对于ICSI和TESA周期,效果则不理想。结论使用time-lapse动态监测胚胎并根据胚胎的形态动力学参数对胚胎进行评价和筛选,与传统方法相比,能获得更好的临床结局;年龄较大的（〉30岁）或者是进行IVF周期的患者更能从中获益。

利用Time-lapse技术筛选早期胚胎对IVF-ET妊娠结局的影响

目的探索利用Time-lapse系统筛选早期胚胎的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析本中心2016年7月至2017年12月,第一次新鲜或复苏周期D3卵裂期胚胎移植的患者资料,根据胚胎评估方法分为Time-lapse系统组(TLM组,n=74)和传统形态学评分组(CMA组,n=951),比较这两种不同胚胎筛选方法对临床结局的影响。结果患者的不孕年限、体重指数、基础FSH、基础LH、E2、AMH、窦卵泡数、内膜厚度和周期类型等一般情况,在TLM组和CMA组均无显著差异(P均>0.05);TLM组年龄显著高于CMA组[(31.8±4.2)vs.(30.8±4.4),P<0.05],而平均移植胚胎数显著少于CMA组[(1.7±0.5)vs.(1.9±0.3),P<0.05];患者的临床结局,包括临床妊娠率、种植率、流产率、宫外孕率、双胎率和移植两个胚胎的双胎率等在两组间均无显著差异(P均>0.05)。进一步按照年龄分层分析,在<35岁患者,患者的一般情况在两组间均无显著差异(P均>0.05),TML组的平均移植胚胎数显著少于CMA组[(1.7±0.5)vs.(1.9±0.3),P<0.05],而患者临床结局在两组间亦无显著差异(P>0.05);在≥35岁患者,TML组的平均移植胚胎数显著少于CMA组[(1.7±0.5)vs.(1.9±0.4),P<0.05],而患者的一般情况和临床结局在两组间亦无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论利用Time-lapse技术选择早期胚胎,可以在显著减少移植胚胎数的基础上,维持稳定的临床妊娠结局。因此,认为Time-lapse技术可以在一定程度上优选出更具发育潜能的胚胎,为早期胚胎单胚胎移植提供新方法。

Time-lapse是否能预测胚胎染色体整倍性？

Time-lapse技术推进了胚胎评估的方法学,为胚胎评估带来了新的视角。Time-lapse系统理论上应具有预测胚胎染色体整倍性的潜力,但还需临床研究证实。

应用time-lapse技术探讨7～10细胞D3优质胚胎的发育潜能

目的：探讨人体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）中第3天细胞数目为7、8、9、10优质胚胎的发育潜能。方法：选取2014年11月至2015年10月于山东大学附属生殖医院行IVF-ET患者的D3（授精后第三天）胚胎,利用time-lapse（延时摄像）技术分析7~10细胞优质胚胎的早期分裂行为,进而探讨胚胎早期分裂行为对囊胚形成率和临床结局的影响。结果：（1）四种细胞数胚胎早期的分裂行为不同：大多数8细胞胚胎为发育正常（NB）的胚胎;9细胞和10细胞中发生直接分裂（DC,一种异常分裂）的胚胎比例高于发育正常胚胎;所有7细胞胚胎均存在异常分裂,其中主要为逆分裂（RC,一种异常分裂）和同步分裂延迟（t8-t5,S3,胚胎由5细胞分裂为8细胞的时间）。（2）与NB相比,每一种异常分裂（DC,RC,S3）的发生均不同程度降低了胚胎的发育潜能。（3）四种细胞数胚胎的发育结局显示,8细胞胚胎有最高的囊胚形成率和胚胎着床率,其次为9细胞和10细胞胚胎,7细胞胚胎的囊胚形成率和着床率最低。结论：7、8、9、10四种细胞数胚胎早期发育过程中异常分裂的类型和所占比重不同,最终导致其发育潜能的差异。8细胞胚胎的发育潜能最高,其次为9细胞和10细胞胚胎,7细胞胚胎发育潜能最低。

Purposeless repeated acquisition time-lapse seismic data processing

In China, most oil fields are continental sedimentation with strong heterogeneity, which on one side makes the reservoir prospecting and development more difficult, but on the other side provides more space for searching residual oil in matured fields. Time-lapse seismic reservoir monitoring technique is one of most important techniques to define residual oil distribution. According to the demand for and development of time-lapse seismic reservoir monitoring in China, purposeless repeated acquisition time-lapse seismic data processing was studied. The four key steps in purposeless repeated acquisition time-lapse seismic data processing, including amplitude-preserved processing with relative consistency, rebinning, match filtering and difference calculation, were analyzed by combining theory and real seismic data processing. Meanwhile, quality control during real time-lapse seismic processing was emphasized.

Influence of Different Quality Sperm on Early Embryo Morphokinetic Parameters and Cleavage Patterns:A Retrospective Time-lapse Study

To investigate whether sperm with low concentration and motility can impact preimplantation embryos and to analyze how the effects present under a time-lapse incubation system,2905 oocytes were collected from 219 couples between January 2014 and December 2015.Patients were divided into three groups according to sperm quality.Morphokinetic parameters and six cleavage patterns in the initial three cleavages were evaluated using the Primo Vision system.Embryo quality and clinic outcomes such as implantation rate,pregnancy rate and live birth rate were measured.The results showed that the concentration and motility of sperm correlated strongly with the rate of 2PN embryos,good-quality embryos on D3,blastocysts on D5/6 and good quality embryos on D5/6.The time-lapse system recordings showed that compromised sperm quality could result in a significant delay in cc l and a decrease in cc2,and impact embryo developmental potential mainly through large fragments or/and blastomere fragmentation in the initial three cleavages.In conclusion,sperm with low concentration and motility can have paternal effects on preimplantation embryos.These paternal effects present both as changes in morphokinetic parameters and cleavage patterns,which occur as early as fertilization and may cause severe damage to the preimplantation embryos.

应用Time-lapse研究人3PN胚胎的卵裂模式

目的比较IVF3PN、IVF2PN、ICSI3PN和ICSI2PN胚胎的卵裂模式和胚胎动力学参数的差异。方法回顾性分析2017年7月至2018年6月在我院生殖中心就诊经时差胚胎监测(Time-lapse)培养箱培养的393个胚胎发育动力学参数,根据受精结局分为4组:IVF3PN组(n=132)、IVF2PN组(n=150)、ICSI3PN组(n=11)和ICSI2PN组(n=100),分析比较各组胚胎的卵裂模式和原核出现时间、原核消失时间、第一次卵裂时间、t4、t3-t5等胚胎动力学参数。结果IVF3PN组胚胎第一次卵裂模式异常率(100%)显著高于IVF2PN组胚胎(4.67%)、ICSI3PN组胚胎(18.18%)和ICSI2PN组胚胎(5.00%)(P<0.001),而ICSI3PN组、ICSI2PN组和IVF2PN组胚胎之间的第一次卵裂模式异常率无显著差异(P>0.05)。IVF3PN组胚胎原核消失时间[(25.76±1.33)h]显著长于IVF2PN组[(21.43±1.76)h]、ICSI3PN组[(21.86±1.63)h]和ICSI2PN组[(20.14±1.78)h](P<0.05),IVF3PN胚胎第一次卵裂时间亦显著长于其余3组[(27.06±1.59)hvs.(22.64±1.38)h、(22.32±1.56)h、(22.78±1.66)h](P<0.05);ICSI3PN组、ICSI2PN组和IVF2PN组胚胎之间的原核消失时间和第一次卵裂时间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论IVF3PN胚胎与IVF2PN、ICSI3PN和ICSI2PN胚胎的卵裂模式和原核消失时间、第一次卵裂时间等动力学参数不同。

Time-lapse培养与传统胚胎培养胚胎发育和临床结局比较以及Time-lapse早期胚胎形态动力学参数应用探讨

目的比较Time-lapse及传统胚胎培养对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)患者胚胎发育情况及临床结局的影响,探讨Time-lapse胚胎形态动力学参数的应用价值。方法选取扬州大学医学院附属淮安市妇幼保健院142对接受IVF-ET治疗的夫妇的临床资料进行回顾性分析,共纳入142个IVF-ET新鲜周期,按照胚胎培养方法分为观察组(n=55)和对照组(n=87)。观察组采用Time-lapse培养箱进行胚胎培养;对照组采用传统培养系统进行胚胎培养。比较两组的获卵数、正常受精数、可移植胚胎数、优质胚胎数、冷冻数及临床妊娠率等指标。比较观察组种植胚胎与未种植胚胎早期胚胎形态动力学参数(t2、t3、t4、t5、cc2及s2),采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估有差异的时间参数对胚胎种植失败的预测价值。结果观察组可移植胚胎数及囊胚形成数显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。种植胚胎t2、t4、s2、cc2均显著短于未种植胚胎(P<0.05);但t3和t5比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ROC曲线显示,t2、t4、s2、cc2对胚胎种植失败有预测价值。结论IVF-ET患者胚胎受精后采用Time-lapse培养,能够提高可移植胚胎数及形成囊胚数;部分早期胚胎动力学参数对新鲜周期移植失败具有一定的预测价值。

Human blastomere rotation in early cleavage embryos is not associated with reduced implantation: Evidence from time-lapse videography

Dear Editor,Time-lapse videography of human embryos allows for the easy visualization of the embryos without removing them from the protective environment of the incubator[1],the measurement of various morphokinetic(quantitative)parameters[2],and the identification of abnormalities of growth(qualitative parameters)such as direct cleavage[3],reverse cleavage[4]and intercellular contact of blastomeres[5].

Time-lapse videography reveals different morphokinetic profiles of human embryos displaying direct or reverse cleavage at different stages of development: A retrospective sibling embryo study

Objective:To investigate morphokinetic characteristics of embryos displaying either reverse cleavage or direct cleavage during the first,second or third cleavage cycle.Methods:A total of 167 in vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment cycles undertaken by 167 women[aged(35.0±4.6)years]were included for reverse cleavage analysis,and a total of 167 in vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment cycles undertaken by 167 women[aged(33.8±4.3)years]were included for direct cleavage analysis in this study.Using a sibling-embryo design,morphokinetic profiles(both before and after the onset of abnormal event)of embryos displaying reverse cleavage(n=241)or direct cleavage(n=244)were compared with their unaffected siblings(the controls)in the first,second and third cell cycles(n=32,n=142,n=562;n=195,n=412,n=205,respectively),at different developmental stages up to day 3.Results:Direct cleavage embryos demonstrated significantly delayed cleavage rates prior to the event regardless of developmental stage of the occurrence,while reverse cleavage embryos showed similar cleavage rates to their unaffected siblings.Post event,direct cleavage embryos sped up cleavage rates while reverse cleavage embryos slowed down.Conclusions:Altered morphokinetic profiles are displayed by direct cleavage embryos both before and after their occurrence and reverse cleavage embryos after the occurrence,which could potentially confound morphokinetic comparisons if not separated from their unaffected sibling embryos.Further study is warranted in order to fully understand the biological mechanisms of such events.

Quantitative prediction of oil saturation of unconsolidated sandstone reservoir based on time-lapse seismic “relative difference method”: Taking Zeta oil field in West Africa as an example

In view of the disadvantage that the absolute difference of time-lapse seismic(the difference between monitoring data and base data) is not only related to the change of oil saturation, but also closely related to the thickness of reservoir, a time-lapse seismic "relative difference method"(the ratio of monitoring data to base data) not affected by the thickness of reservoir but only related to the change of fluid saturation, is proposed through seismic forward modeling after fluid displacement simulation. Given the same change of fluid saturation, the absolute difference of time-lapse seismic conforms to the law of "tuning effect" and seismic reflection of "thin bed", and the remaining oil prediction method based on absolute difference of time-lapse seismic is only applicable to the reservoirs with uniform thickness smaller than the tuning thickness or with thickness greater than the tuning thickness. The relative difference of time-lapse seismic is not affected by reservoir thickness, but only related to the change of fluid saturation. It is applicable to all the deep-sea unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs which can exclude the effect of pressure, temperature, pore type and porosity on seismic. Therefore, the relation between the relative difference of time-lapse seismic and the change of fluid saturation, which is obtained from seismic forward modeling after Gassmann fluid displacement simulation, can be used to quantitatively predict the change of reservoir water saturation and then the distribution of the remaining oil. The application of this method in deep sea Zeta oil field in west Africa shows that it is reasonable and effective.

Fundus photography,fundus fluorescein angiography,and optical coherence tomography of healthy cynomolgus monkey,New Zealand rabbit,Sprague Dawley rat,and BALB/c mouse retinas

Background:A variety of experimental animal models are used in basic ophthalmological research to elucidate physiological mechanisms of vision and disease pathogenesis.The choice of animal model is based on the measurability of specific parameters or structures,the applicability of clinical measurement technologies,and the similarity to human eye function.Studies of eye pathology usually compare optical parameters between a healthy and altered state,so accurate baseline assessments are critical,but few reports have comprehensively examined the normal anatomical structures and physiological functions in these models.Methods:Three cynomolgus monkeys,six New Zealand rabbits,ten Sprague Dawley(SD)rats,and BALB/c mice were examined by fundus photography(FP),fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Results:Most retinal structures of cynomolgus monkey were anatomically similar to the corresponding human structures as revealed by FP,FFA,and OCT.New Zealand rabbits have large eyeballs,but they have large optic disc and myelinated retinal nerve fibers in their retinas,and the growth pattern of retinal vessels were also different to the human retinas.Unlike monkeys and rabbits,the retinal vessels of SD rats and BALB/c mice were widely distributed and clear.The OCT performance of them were similar with human beings except the macular.Conclusions:Monkey is a good model to study changes in retinal structure associated with fundus disease,rabbits are not suitable for studies on retinal vessel diseases and optic nerve diseases,and rats and mice are good models for retinal vascular diseases.These measures will help guide the choice of model and measurement technology and reduce the number of experimental animals required.

耦合超声场的气液流动特性

功率超声作为一种新兴的绿色技术,越来越受到石油行业的重视。结合稠油超声降黏机制,从气泡瞬态演化规律和溃灭特性出发,对超声作用下空化气泡和空化流场进行数值模拟和实验验证。模拟结果表明,增加超声频率和减小气泡之间的距离会导致单个空化气泡最大半径的减小,气泡个数的增加会使气泡生长至破裂过程的速度减小,延长超声作用时间和增大超声频率可增加超声场中最大空化压力。实验表明,空化气泡不断在超声场中振荡并互相聚并,且随着超声作用时间的延长,该过程更加剧烈。研究内容为稠油超声降黏在石油化工行业的应用提供了重要的理论指导。

Fundus photography,fluorescein angiography,optical coherence tomography and electroretinography of preclinical animal models of ocular diseases

The eye is an immune-privileged and sensory organ in humans and animals.Anatomical,physiological,and pathobiological features share significant similarities across divergent species(1).Each compartment of the eye has a unique structure and function.The anterior and posterior compartments of the eye contain endothelium(cornea),epithelium(cornea,ciliary body,iris),muscle(ciliary body),vitreous and neuronal(retina)tissues,which make the eye suitable to evaluate efficacy and safety of tissue specific drugs(2).

A New Chromatic Vision:The Early Impact of Color Photography on the Representation of Architecture

The role of color photography in the representation of architecture is a subject little investigated by architectural historiography.The link between the color values of architectural design and its visual transmission in the early phase of modernism was certainly problematic.Color photography had an undeniable impact on architectural color in practice:color photographs in books and periodicals published between the 1940s and 1960s clearly influenced the use of color in architectural design.

航空摄影统筹共享管理技术设计

针对航空摄影统筹共享管理缺乏有效技术手段的问题,在分析当前技术现状和技术要求的基础上,提出了建立综合管理系统开展航空摄影“事前-事中-事后”全流程在线统筹共享管理的技术思路,设计了航摄统筹共享管理的工作流程、系统组成、数据流与接口,详细阐述了“事前”开展航摄需求技术统筹;“事中”进行航摄信息可视化在线共享;“事后”实现航摄成果目录信息快速更新等技术内容。研究成果可为实现全国航空摄影“一获多用”与信息及时共享提供新的解决方案。

定位装置对头面部医学摄影一致性的影响

目的:探讨定位装置对整形美容外科头面部医学摄影一致性的影响。方法:于2021年3月,选取志愿者20例作为研究对象,采用自身对照研究法,每位志愿者先使用传统拍摄法拍摄三组照片,每组照片拍摄角度为左、右45°和左、右90°;30 min后,每位志愿者再使用定位装置拍摄法拍摄三组照片,记录每组拍摄时间。通过Image J软件对每组照片进行距离及角度的测量,对两种拍摄方法测量数据的差值及所用时间进行统计学分析。结果:定位装置拍摄法中左、右45°照的角度差,左、右90°照的角度差,以及左、右45°照的距离差均小于传统拍摄法,拍摄时间也明显短于传统拍摄法(P<0.05)。结论:摄影定位装置的运用,大大提升了整形美容外科头面部医学摄影的一致性,使影像资料更加标准、规范,还缩短了拍照时间,提升了工作效率,提高医、护、患三方满意度。