The main objective is to optimize the development of shale gas-rich areas by predicting seismic sweet spot parameters in shale reservoirs. We systematically assessed the fracture development, fracture gas content, and...The main objective is to optimize the development of shale gas-rich areas by predicting seismic sweet spot parameters in shale reservoirs. We systematically assessed the fracture development, fracture gas content, and rock brittleness in fractured gas-bearing shale reservoirs. To better characterize gas-bearing shale reservoirs with tilted fractures, we optimized the petrophysical modeling based on the equivalent medium theory. Based on the advantages of shale petrophysical modeling, we not only considered the brittle mineral fraction but also the combined effect of shale porosity, gas saturation, and total organic carbon(TOC) when optimizing the brittleness index. Due to fractures generally functioning as essential channels for fluid storage and movement, fracture density and fracture fluid identification factors are critical geophysical parameters for fractured reservoir prediction. We defined a new fracture gas indication factor(GFI) to detect fracture-effective gas content. A new linear PP-wave reflection coefficient equation for a tilted transversely isotropic(TTI) medium was rederived, realizing the direct prediction of anisotropic fracture parameters and the isotropic elasticity parameters from offset vector tile(OVT)-domain seismic data. Synthetic seismic data experiments demonstrated that the inversion algorithm based on the L_P quasinorm sparsity constraint and the split-component inversion strategy exhibits high stability and noise resistance. Finally, we applied our new prediction method to evaluate fractured gas-bearing shale reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin of China, demonstrating its effectiveness.展开更多
目的 介绍微生物型时间–温度指示器(Time Temperature Indicator,TTI)在食品智能包装中的研究进展,为TTI在食品品质监测上的应用提供一定的参考和理论依据。方法 概述微生物型TTI在食品智能包装中的研究进展,微生物TTI的组成,包括TTI...目的 介绍微生物型时间–温度指示器(Time Temperature Indicator,TTI)在食品智能包装中的研究进展,为TTI在食品品质监测上的应用提供一定的参考和理论依据。方法 概述微生物型TTI在食品智能包装中的研究进展,微生物TTI的组成,包括TTI微生物、培养基和pH指示剂;总结微生物TTI基于总色差(ΔE)和可滴定酸度(TA)的响应机制,以及微生物TTI模型的建立,并分析其应用和发展趋势。结论 大量的文献证明微生物TTI是可用于监测食品贮藏运输过程中温度历史的有效工具,有广阔的发展前景。展开更多
为了研究扩散型时间-温度指示器(time-temperature indicator,TTI)对奇异果品质的预测情况,分别研究了不同贮藏温度(5、10、15、20℃)下指示器的颜色变化和奇异果品质(失重率、可溶性固形物含量、VC含量和总酸度)变化情况,通过Arrheniu...为了研究扩散型时间-温度指示器(time-temperature indicator,TTI)对奇异果品质的预测情况,分别研究了不同贮藏温度(5、10、15、20℃)下指示器的颜色变化和奇异果品质(失重率、可溶性固形物含量、VC含量和总酸度)变化情况,通过Arrhenius方程计算TTI反应和奇异果品质变化的活化能Ea值,并将指示器颜色变化与奇异果品质变化的Ea值进行比较,从而评估使用TTI预测奇异果品质的可能性。研究结果表明,贮藏温度及时间对TTI颜色和奇异果品质变化均有影响,贮藏温度越高,TTI颜色变化速度越快,奇异果失品质变化速度越快,同时TTI的RGB值减小速度越快。研究获得TTI的Ea值为37. 302 4 k J/mol,TTI颜色变化与奇异果品质变化的Ea差值在±25 k J/mol以内,因此可以将时间-温度指示器用于奇异果品质的预测,也表明了该指示器在食品品质预测方面具有应用潜力。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant No. 2023ZYD0158)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42304147 and 42304076)。
文摘The main objective is to optimize the development of shale gas-rich areas by predicting seismic sweet spot parameters in shale reservoirs. We systematically assessed the fracture development, fracture gas content, and rock brittleness in fractured gas-bearing shale reservoirs. To better characterize gas-bearing shale reservoirs with tilted fractures, we optimized the petrophysical modeling based on the equivalent medium theory. Based on the advantages of shale petrophysical modeling, we not only considered the brittle mineral fraction but also the combined effect of shale porosity, gas saturation, and total organic carbon(TOC) when optimizing the brittleness index. Due to fractures generally functioning as essential channels for fluid storage and movement, fracture density and fracture fluid identification factors are critical geophysical parameters for fractured reservoir prediction. We defined a new fracture gas indication factor(GFI) to detect fracture-effective gas content. A new linear PP-wave reflection coefficient equation for a tilted transversely isotropic(TTI) medium was rederived, realizing the direct prediction of anisotropic fracture parameters and the isotropic elasticity parameters from offset vector tile(OVT)-domain seismic data. Synthetic seismic data experiments demonstrated that the inversion algorithm based on the L_P quasinorm sparsity constraint and the split-component inversion strategy exhibits high stability and noise resistance. Finally, we applied our new prediction method to evaluate fractured gas-bearing shale reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin of China, demonstrating its effectiveness.
文摘为了研究扩散型时间-温度指示器(time-temperature indicator,TTI)对奇异果品质的预测情况,分别研究了不同贮藏温度(5、10、15、20℃)下指示器的颜色变化和奇异果品质(失重率、可溶性固形物含量、VC含量和总酸度)变化情况,通过Arrhenius方程计算TTI反应和奇异果品质变化的活化能Ea值,并将指示器颜色变化与奇异果品质变化的Ea值进行比较,从而评估使用TTI预测奇异果品质的可能性。研究结果表明,贮藏温度及时间对TTI颜色和奇异果品质变化均有影响,贮藏温度越高,TTI颜色变化速度越快,奇异果失品质变化速度越快,同时TTI的RGB值减小速度越快。研究获得TTI的Ea值为37. 302 4 k J/mol,TTI颜色变化与奇异果品质变化的Ea差值在±25 k J/mol以内,因此可以将时间-温度指示器用于奇异果品质的预测,也表明了该指示器在食品品质预测方面具有应用潜力。
