Dynamic Characteristics of Double-Helical Planetary Gear Sets Under Time-Varying Mesh Stiffness

Internal and external meshes are two of primary excitation sources which induce vibration while double-helical planetary gear sets are in transmission. Based on the analysis of tooth movement principle,three cases of mesh stiffness are derived via investigating the length of action lines,and catalogued in terms of β < β0,β = β0and β > β_0. The simulation demonstrates mesh stiffness between gear pairs performs as a trapezoid waveform( TW) and changes along with the line of action simultaneously,total mesh stiffness comes from the superposition of each engaged gear. While governing equations of motion contained 16 DOFs( degree of freedom) are constructed and effectively solved through the combination of numerical approaches. Comparing with sinusoidal waveform mesh stiffness( SW),the results show that dynamical factors and perturbation under the excitation of TW( β < β_0) are greater and remarkable than that from SW,with respect to the mean dynamic factors about 1. 51 and 1. 28,respectively. The fluctuation response between ring- planet( R- P) is stronger than sun-planet( S-P) which is also validated by both approach studies,frequency spectra analyses identifies larger distinct rotational resonance and more frequencies under TW excitation.

Application of Hankel Dynamic Mode Decomposition for Wide Area Monitoring of Subsynchronous Resonance

In recent years,subsynchronous resonance(SSR)has frequently occurred in DFIG-connected series-compensated systems.For the analysis and prevention,it is of great importance to achieve wide area monitoring of the incident.This paper presents a Hankel dynamic mode decomposition(DMD)method to identify SSR parameters using synchrophasor data.The basic idea is to employ the DMD technique to explore the subspace of Hankel matrices constructed by synchrophasors.It is analytically demonstrated that the subspace of these Hankel matrices is a combination of fundamental and SSR modes.Therefore,the SSR parameters can be calculated once the modal parameter is extracted.Compared with the existing method,the presented work has better dynamic performances as it requires much less data.Thus,it is more suitable for practical cases in which the SSR characteristics are timevarying.The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method have been verified by both simulations and field data.

Experimental Study on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Sprayed Concrete-Surrounding Rock Combined Body

To investigate the dynamic response problem of the double medium formed by the adherence of sprayed concrete and surrounding rock in the tunnel,a split Hopkinson pressure bar of 75 mm in diameter was adopted at the ages of 3,7 and 10 d.Experimental results showed that dynamic compressive strength and dynamic increase factors(DIF)of the combined bodies increase with the strain rate.With the growth of strain rate,the critical strain of the combined bodies first increases,then deceases.Furthermore,the combined bodies of 3 d reveal the plastic property and brittle property for 7 d and 10 d when the strain rate is over 80/s.The failure characteristic of the sprayed concrete changes from tearing strain damage to crushing damage as the growth of strain rate,and the failure characteristic of rock presents the tensile failure mode as demonstrated by the scanning electron microscope(SEM).

Study on the driving factors and regulation mode for coal production capacity

Coal production capacity regulation is a complex system involving economic growth,structural optimization,high-efficiency mining,and environmental protection.Based on its driving factors,this paper forms four regulation modes representing different control orientations,establishes a system dynamics model,and predicts the regulation effects of single-factor and combined control mode.The result shows:(1) Except for the mechanization degree and recovery rate,the other nine individual production capacity control policies are all conducive to reducing coal production capacity and restraining the excessive growth of coal production capacity.(2) The effect of combined regulation mode on slowing down the growth of coal demand,regulating the excessive growth of coal production capacity and new capacity investment are obviously better than that of single policy.(3) The combined control modes have obvious differences in the suppression effect on coal production capacity:transformational development mode > technology-driven mode > structural optimization mode > efficiency improvement mode.Therefore,in the process of achieving optimal regulation of coal production capacity,attention should be paid to the preferential use of transformational development and technology-driven mode.At the same time,the comprehensive use of regulation and control methods should also be considered to improve the regulation effect and the regulation efficiency of coal production capacity.

Excitation Prediction by Dynamic Transmission Error under Sliding Friction in Helical Gear System

Monte Carlo method was adopted to calculate the meshing error considering the manufacture error and assembly error of the meshing point along the time-varying contact line for helical gear pair. The flexural-torsion-axis dynamic model coupled was established under the tooth friction force and solved by the perturbation method to compute real dynamic tooth load. The change laws of the friction force and friction torque were obtained in a meshing period. The transmission error formulation was analyzed to introduce meshing excitations. The maximum dynamic transmission error, the maximum meshing force and the maximum dynamic factor were calculated under different speeds, external loads and damping factors. The conclusions can provide theoretical basis for the gear design especially in tooth profile correction.

Application of scaled boundary finite element method in static and dynamic fracture problems

The scaled boundary finite element method （SBFEM） is a recently developed numerical method combining advantages of both finite element methods （FEM） and boundary element methods （BEM） and with its own special features as well. One of the most prominent advantages is its capability of calculating stress intensity factors （SIFs） directly from the stress solutions whose singularities at crack tips are analytically represented. This advantage is taken in this study to model static and dynamic fracture problems. For static problems, a remeshing algorithm as simple as used in the BEM is developed while retaining the generality and flexibility of the FEM. Fully-automatic modelling of the mixed-mode crack propagation is then realised by combining the remeshing algorithm with a propagation criterion. For dynamic fracture problems, a newly developed series-increasing solution to the SBFEM governing equations in the frequency domain is applied to calculate dynamic SIFs. Three plane problems are modelled. The numerical results show that the SBFEM can accurately predict static and dynamic SIFs, cracking paths and load-displacement curves, using only a fraction of degrees of freedom generally needed by the traditional finite element methods.

Sliding-Mode PID Control of UAV Based on Particle Swarm Parameter Tuning

Due to the coupled motion between the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and the manipulator,the underactuation characteristics of the system itself,and the influence of external uncertainties,the stability of the rotor UAV’s manipulator control system is difficult to control.Based on the dynamic model of the rotor UAV,the stability of the whole UAV manipulator control system is improved by using the piecewise cost function,the compression factor particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm and the sliding mode PID to establish the sliding mode PID control stability method based on the PSO.Compared with the sliding mode PID control method,this method solves the serious buffeting problem in the sliding mode control,reduces the influence of the external disturbance and realizes the attitude stabilization control of the UAV manipulator quickly and accurately,thus shortens the system adjustment time and improves the anti-interference ability.

A HALF PLANE CRACK UNDER THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMBINED MODE IMPACT LOADING

The dynamic stress intensity factor history for a half plane crack in an otherwise unbounded elastic body, with the crack faces subjected to a traction distribution consisting of two pairs of suddenly-applied shear line loads is consid- ered. The analytic expression for the combined mode stress intensity factors as a function of time is obtained. The method of solution is based on the application of integral transforms and the Wiener-Hopf technique. Some features of the solutions are discussed and graphical numerical results are presented.

THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR UNDER MOVING LOADS ON THE CRACK FACES

The dynamic stress intensity factor history for a half plane crack in an otherwise unbounded elastic body,with the crack faces subjected to a traction distribution consisting of two pairs of combined mode point loads that move in a direction perpendicular to the crack edge is considered.The analytic expression for the combined mode stress intensity factors as a function of time for any point along the crack edge is obtained.The method of solution is based on the application of integral transform together with the Wiener-Hopf technique and the Cagniard-de Hoop method. Some features of the solution are discussed and graphical results for various point load speeds are presented.

三维加筋边坡抗震稳定性的拟动力上限分析

拟动力法可以更好地考虑地震传播的时空变化特性,文章采用拟动力分析方法研究均匀加筋与三角加筋2种不同加筋模式下,加筋土坡的三维地震稳定性问题;基于极限分析上限定理,构建三维加筋土边坡的破坏机构,推导地震边坡三维安全系数的表达式,并考察拟静力与拟动力分析结果之间的差异性;通过参数分析揭示三维加筋边坡的拟动力安全系数变化规律。结果表明:相对于拟动力分析,拟静力分析获得的安全系数解更为保守,特别是对于水平地震力系数k_(h)和坡角β较大的情况,两者差异更加显著;随着水平地震力系数k_(h)、宽高比B/H、放大系数f的增加,加筋土边坡的稳定性明显降低;而随着平均加筋强度k_(0)增加,边坡稳定性显著提高;地震波周期T对边坡稳定性的影响较小;2种加筋模式对边坡稳定性的影响规律一致,且三角加筋模式效果更优。

基于非线性动力学模型的PMLSM自适应趋近律滑模位置控制

为了解决摩擦力、定位力、参数失配和外部扰动等不确定性因素影响永磁直线同步电动机(PMLSM)位置跟踪性能的问题,提出基于非线性动力学模型的自适应趋近律滑模控制(ARLSMC)方法。由于定位力和摩擦力是系统中主要的非线性动力学因素,且其模型参数会随PMLSM动子位置而变化,因此设计基于非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)函数的精确模型,为电机控制系统设计提供模型基础。其次,设计ARLSMC方法抑制不确定性因素对系统的影响,ARLSMC中所采用的自适应趋近律可以随位置误差大小实时变化,能够在提高收敛速度的同时减小系统抖振,提高位置跟踪精度。为进一步增强系统对于不确定性的鲁棒性,设计滑模扰动观测器(SMDO)实时估计扰动值并将估计值前馈补偿到ARLSMC的控制律。最后,通过仿真和实验验证本文方法在提高PMLSM伺服系统的位置跟踪性能和鲁棒性能方面的可行性和有效性。

加载速率对高强钢40Cr和30CrMnSiNi2AⅠ型动态断裂韧性的影响

采用实验-数值方法对40Cr和30CrMnSiNi2A两种高强钢三点弯曲试样在不同加载速率的冲击载荷作用下进行了动态断裂韧性的测试,并对其率相关性进行研究．实验在Hopkinson压杆系统上完成,试样的起裂时间采用应变片法测得．结合有限元三维动态模拟,得到了不同加载速率下试样动态应力强度因子的时间历程并由实测的起裂时间确定材料动态断裂韧性．结果表明,在本工作加载速率范围内(10~6MPa·m^(1/2)/s),40Cr钢为解理型断裂,其动态断裂韧性随加载速率增加的变化趋势不明显；而30CrMnSiNi2A钢则在较大程度上表现为延性断裂的特征,其动态断裂韧性随加载速率的增加呈明显上升趋势．并对上述结果进行了宏观和微观机理分析．

基于工作和能力的动态人力资源管理模式

知识经济时代,人力资源管理已成为企业管理的关键所在,但其相关研究与应用却相对滞后,且存在较大偏差。本文提出了一种全新的基于工作和能力的动态人力资源管理理论———以成熟、完善的管理因素为基础,按照不同行业特点及企业状况,在动态变化的市场环境中实施基于工作和能力的人力资源管理,并给出理论的具体模型及详尽解释。

高加载率下Ⅱ型裂纹试样的动态应力强度因子及断裂行为

采用Ｈｏｐｋｉｎｓｏｎ单压杆技术对单边平行双裂缝试样进行高速剪切加载，用实测的试样加载面上的载荷ｐ（ｔ）结合有限元计算确定其动态应力强度因子。同时还发展了一种用实测的裂尖动态应变，通过在准静态下标定的裂尖应变与应力强度因子间的关系来确定动态应力强度因子的近似方法。实验结果表明，对于稳定裂纹在无边界反射应力波干扰的情况下，两种方法获得的动态应力强度因子吻合得相当好。对４０Ｃｒ钢和Ｔｉ６Ａｌ４Ｖ钛合金两种材料的动态Ⅱ型断裂实验结果显示出两种完全不同的剪切破坏模式和机理。

具有快速动态响应的三态功率因数校正变换器

提出一种三态Boost功率因数校正电路及其相应的系统控制策略,采用DSP实现系统的全数字控制。通过在Boost变换器电感两端并联开关管,使Boost变换器工作在伪连续导电模式从而获得2个控制自由度并实现控制环路的解耦。详细分析三态Boost功率因数校正变换器的工作原理和控制方法,不但解决了不连续导电模式Boost功率因数校正变换器不能应用于中大功率场合和连续导电模式Boost功率因数校正变换器控制电路设计复杂的问题,而且还具有良好的功率因数校正能力,拓宽了Boost功率因数校正变换器的负载范围,并提高了Boost功率因数校正变换器的动态响应速度。通过一台400W的实验样机验证了理论分析的正确性。

白云岩三维动静组合加载力学特性试验研究

为研究白云岩的力学特性和破坏模式,利用改进的三维SHPB动静组合加载试验装置,对白云岩进行三维加载、轴向冲击试验,分析轴压、围压和应变率对白云岩强度、变形模量、能量吸收等的影响,探讨岩石动静组合加载的应变率效应。试验结果表明:当围压一定时,白云岩的抗压强度随着轴压的增大呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,变形模量随着轴压的增大而减小;白云岩单位体积吸收能会随着轴压的增大而先增加后降低。轴压固定时,白云岩的抗压强度和变形模量随着围压的增加而增大,白云岩强度增长因子有显著的应变率效应;白云岩单位体积吸收能会随着围压的增大先升高而后降低,随平均应变率的增大而增大。在三维动静组合加载下,岩石的破坏模式为压剪破坏。

含偏置裂纹三点弯曲梁的动态断裂行为研究

采用动态焦散线方法，对含偏置裂纹三点弯曲梁承受横向冲击的弯曲断裂行为进行了一系列动态断裂力学实验研究，分析了无量纲量ａ／ｌ的改变（ａ——初始裂纹偏离梁中心线的距离；ｌ——梁长度的一半）对于裂纹动态扩展行为（裂纹起始状态、裂纹尖端的复合应力强度因子、裂纹扩展速度、裂纹扩展轨迹）的影响，并借助动态光弹性应力分析，对应力波与扩展裂纹的相互作用以及应力波传播规律进行探讨．给出了裂纹尖端复合应力强度因子、裂纹扩展速度的变化。

川西坳陷上三叠统天然气成藏主控因素及形成模式

在对川西坳陷上三叠统天然气藏的形成机理及构造演化特征进行分析的基础上,对沉积储层和圈闭发育特征研究,运用成藏动力学的原理和方法,系统归纳川西坳陷上三叠统天然气成藏的主控因素,划分成藏体系并总结形成模式。综合研究认为,川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组具备形成大中型气(田)藏的条件;充足的烃源岩和较高的生气强度、良好的输导条件、适时的古隆起和古斜坡、圈闭发育、大面积分布的巨厚储层、优良的保存封盖条件是控制上三叠统天然气成藏的主要因素;上三叠统包括下部和上部两个成藏体系,下部成藏体系包括高压驱赶和低压吸拉两种天然气成藏模式,上部成藏体系主要以毛细管导入、水溶气运移释放和浮力顺优势通道输导等3种天然气成藏模式为主,不同模式具有不同的成藏动力学机制和不同的分布特征。

基于受扰轨迹模式分析的动态稳定辅助决策

基于状态估计结果通过数值仿真获取预想故障集下的系统受扰轨迹,再应用Prony算法从受扰轨迹中提取反映系统动态稳定特性的主导模式,根据主导模式的阻尼判断系统的动态稳定性。在模式频率相同的多个故障中选取模式阻尼最小的故障作为关键故障控制。根据机组分群及其参与因子通过功率摄动法判断机组调整方向,并协调不同弱阻尼模式下的机组调整方向。采用并行计算策略计算单个模式的机组调整措施,再合并各模式的控制措施,并进行校核,最后给出协调控制多个弱阻尼模式的机组出力调整措施。通过对华北电网的案例分析验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。

简谐激励下共固化复合材料粘弹阻尼结构的损耗因子研究

基于模态叠加法和模态应变能法,推导出在任意简谐激励下粘弹阻尼结构的损耗因子的计算方法,并采用这种方法分析了共固化复合材料粘弹阻尼结构在简谐激励下的损耗因子。分析结果与动态机械分析仪(DMA)实测结果基本吻合,从而验证了本文建立方法的有效性,对粘弹阻尼结构的损耗因子的分析以及共固化复合材料粘弹阻尼结构的设计和应用具有一定的参考价值。