Traumatic amputations remain one of the most frequent and disturbing wounds of armed conflict.In this scenario,most amputees develop residual and phantom limb pain,impacting their quality of life.There are several ele...Traumatic amputations remain one of the most frequent and disturbing wounds of armed conflict.In this scenario,most amputees develop residual and phantom limb pain,impacting their quality of life.There are several elective surgical procedures available for both conditions,such as neuroma excision followed by nerve reconstruction,nerve relocation,e.g.,surgically implanting a transected nerve into a muscle,nerve transfers in cases of associated paralysis,and most recently,regenerative peripheral nerve interface surgery.Whenever possible in the post-conflict phase,a coordinated effort between traveling humanitarian surgeons specializing in reconstructive microsurgery and local healthcare providers is essential for successfully treating phantom and chronic residual limb pain in post-conflict amputees.While providing a detailed logistical framework for global humanitarian missions is beyond the scope of this article,we provide a brief perspective on a topic of utmost importance for reconstructive surgeons worldwide:the high-quality care and treatment of refugees and those whose lives have been impacted by conflict,disaster,or displacement.展开更多
BACKGROUND Supernumerary phantom limb(SPL)sensation is the experience of additional limbs,either single or a pair of limbs.Unique to traumatic spinal cord injuries,we report effect of transcranial direct current stimu...BACKGROUND Supernumerary phantom limb(SPL)sensation is the experience of additional limbs,either single or a pair of limbs.Unique to traumatic spinal cord injuries,we report effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)on SPL pain in a patient with cervical cord injury.CASE SUMMARY The subject was a 57-year-old man who was diagnosed with complete spinal cord injury(C6/C5,motor level;C5/C5,sensory level;AIS-A)approximately three months ago.After a period of 2 wk,we administered anodal tDCS over the motor cortex for 15 minutes at an intensity of 1.5 mA.Following that treatment,the patient experienced a decrease of SPL pain intensity and frequency,which lasted for 1 week after the end of treatment.CONCLUSION Targeting the motor cortex through neuromodulation appears to be a promising option for the management of SPL pain.展开更多
Monte Carlo simulations are frequently utilized in radiation dose assessments.However,many researchers find the prevailing computing platforms to be intricate.This highlights a pressing need for a specialized framewor...Monte Carlo simulations are frequently utilized in radiation dose assessments.However,many researchers find the prevailing computing platforms to be intricate.This highlights a pressing need for a specialized framework for phantom dose evalua-tion.To address this gap,we developed a user-friendly radiation dose assessment platform using the Monte Carlo toolkit,Geant4.The Tsinghua University Phantom Dose(THUDosePD)augments the flexibility of Monte Carlo simulations in dosi-metric research.Originating from THUDose,a code with generic,functional,and application layers,THUDosePD focuses predominantly on anatomical phantom dose assessment.Additionally,it enables medical exposure simulation,intricate geometry creation,and supports both three-dimensional radiation dose analysis and phantom format transformations.The system operates on a multi-threaded parallel CPU architecture,with some modules enhanced for GPU parallel computing.Benchmark tests on the ICRP reference male illustrated the capabilities of THUDosePD in phantom dose assessment,covering the effective dose,three-dimensional dose distribution,and three-dimensional organ dose.We also conducted a voxelization conversion on the polygon mesh phantom,demonstrating the method’s efficiency and consistency.Extended applications based on THUDosePD further underline its broad adaptability.This intuitive,three-dimensional platform stands out as a valuable tool for phantom radiation dosimetry research.展开更多
Background:As mammography X-ray imaging technologies advance and provide elevated contrast in soft tissues,a need has developed for reliable imaging phantoms for use in system design and component calibration.In advan...Background:As mammography X-ray imaging technologies advance and provide elevated contrast in soft tissues,a need has developed for reliable imaging phantoms for use in system design and component calibration.In advanced imaging modalities such as refraction-based methods,it is critical that developed phantoms capture the biological details seen in clinical precancerous and cancerous cases while minimizing artifacts that may be caused due to phantom production.This work presents the fabrication of a breast tissue imaging phantom from cadaveric breast tissue suitable for use in both transmission and refraction-enhanced imaging systems.Methods:Human cancer cell tumors were grown orthotopically in nude athymic mice and implanted into the fixed tissue while maintaining the native tumor/adipose tissue interface.Results:The resulting human–murine tissue hybrid phantom was mounted on a clear acrylic housing for absorption and refraction X-ray imaging.Digital breast tomosynthesis was also performed.Conclusion:Both attenuation-based imaging and refraction-based imaging of the phantom are presented to confirm the suitability of this phantom's use in both imaging modalities.展开更多
Introduction: The ring vortex phantom is a novel, cost-effective prototype which generates complex and well-characterised reference flows in the form of the ring vortex. Although its reproducibility has been demonstra...Introduction: The ring vortex phantom is a novel, cost-effective prototype which generates complex and well-characterised reference flows in the form of the ring vortex. Although its reproducibility has been demonstrated, with ring speeds routinely behaving within 10% tolerances at speeds of approximately 10 - 70 cm/s, a form of real-time QA of the device at the time of imaging is needed to confirm correct function on demand in any environment. Methods: The technology described here achieves real-time QA, comprising a linear encoder, laser-photodiode array, and Doppler probe, measuring piston motion, ring speed and intra-ring velocity respectively. This instrumentation does not interfere with imaging system QA, but allows QA to be performed on both the ring vortex and the device in real-time. Results: The encoder reports the reliability of the piston velocity profile, whilst ring speed is measured by laser behaviour. Incorporation of a calibrated Doppler probe offers a consistency check that confirms behaviour of the central axial flow. For purposes of gold-standard measurement, all elements can be related to previous Laser PIV acquisitions with the same device settings. Conclusion: Consequently, ring vortex production within tolerances is confirmed by this instrumentation, delivering accurate QA in real-time. This implementation offers a phantom QA procedure that exceeds anything seen in the literature, providing the technology to enhance quantitative assessment of flow imaging modalities.展开更多
文摘Traumatic amputations remain one of the most frequent and disturbing wounds of armed conflict.In this scenario,most amputees develop residual and phantom limb pain,impacting their quality of life.There are several elective surgical procedures available for both conditions,such as neuroma excision followed by nerve reconstruction,nerve relocation,e.g.,surgically implanting a transected nerve into a muscle,nerve transfers in cases of associated paralysis,and most recently,regenerative peripheral nerve interface surgery.Whenever possible in the post-conflict phase,a coordinated effort between traveling humanitarian surgeons specializing in reconstructive microsurgery and local healthcare providers is essential for successfully treating phantom and chronic residual limb pain in post-conflict amputees.While providing a detailed logistical framework for global humanitarian missions is beyond the scope of this article,we provide a brief perspective on a topic of utmost importance for reconstructive surgeons worldwide:the high-quality care and treatment of refugees and those whose lives have been impacted by conflict,disaster,or displacement.
文摘BACKGROUND Supernumerary phantom limb(SPL)sensation is the experience of additional limbs,either single or a pair of limbs.Unique to traumatic spinal cord injuries,we report effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)on SPL pain in a patient with cervical cord injury.CASE SUMMARY The subject was a 57-year-old man who was diagnosed with complete spinal cord injury(C6/C5,motor level;C5/C5,sensory level;AIS-A)approximately three months ago.After a period of 2 wk,we administered anodal tDCS over the motor cortex for 15 minutes at an intensity of 1.5 mA.Following that treatment,the patient experienced a decrease of SPL pain intensity and frequency,which lasted for 1 week after the end of treatment.CONCLUSION Targeting the motor cortex through neuromodulation appears to be a promising option for the management of SPL pain.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)(Nos.12175114,U2167209)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Metrology and Calibration Technology(No.JLKG2022001C001)+2 种基金the Platform Development foundation of China Institute for Radiation Protection(No.YP21030101)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFF0603600)the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(No.20211080081).
文摘Monte Carlo simulations are frequently utilized in radiation dose assessments.However,many researchers find the prevailing computing platforms to be intricate.This highlights a pressing need for a specialized framework for phantom dose evalua-tion.To address this gap,we developed a user-friendly radiation dose assessment platform using the Monte Carlo toolkit,Geant4.The Tsinghua University Phantom Dose(THUDosePD)augments the flexibility of Monte Carlo simulations in dosi-metric research.Originating from THUDose,a code with generic,functional,and application layers,THUDosePD focuses predominantly on anatomical phantom dose assessment.Additionally,it enables medical exposure simulation,intricate geometry creation,and supports both three-dimensional radiation dose analysis and phantom format transformations.The system operates on a multi-threaded parallel CPU architecture,with some modules enhanced for GPU parallel computing.Benchmark tests on the ICRP reference male illustrated the capabilities of THUDosePD in phantom dose assessment,covering the effective dose,three-dimensional dose distribution,and three-dimensional organ dose.We also conducted a voxelization conversion on the polygon mesh phantom,demonstrating the method’s efficiency and consistency.Extended applications based on THUDosePD further underline its broad adaptability.This intuitive,three-dimensional platform stands out as a valuable tool for phantom radiation dosimetry research.
基金National Institutes of Health,Grant/Award Number:EB023969 and HL154687。
文摘Background:As mammography X-ray imaging technologies advance and provide elevated contrast in soft tissues,a need has developed for reliable imaging phantoms for use in system design and component calibration.In advanced imaging modalities such as refraction-based methods,it is critical that developed phantoms capture the biological details seen in clinical precancerous and cancerous cases while minimizing artifacts that may be caused due to phantom production.This work presents the fabrication of a breast tissue imaging phantom from cadaveric breast tissue suitable for use in both transmission and refraction-enhanced imaging systems.Methods:Human cancer cell tumors were grown orthotopically in nude athymic mice and implanted into the fixed tissue while maintaining the native tumor/adipose tissue interface.Results:The resulting human–murine tissue hybrid phantom was mounted on a clear acrylic housing for absorption and refraction X-ray imaging.Digital breast tomosynthesis was also performed.Conclusion:Both attenuation-based imaging and refraction-based imaging of the phantom are presented to confirm the suitability of this phantom's use in both imaging modalities.
文摘Introduction: The ring vortex phantom is a novel, cost-effective prototype which generates complex and well-characterised reference flows in the form of the ring vortex. Although its reproducibility has been demonstrated, with ring speeds routinely behaving within 10% tolerances at speeds of approximately 10 - 70 cm/s, a form of real-time QA of the device at the time of imaging is needed to confirm correct function on demand in any environment. Methods: The technology described here achieves real-time QA, comprising a linear encoder, laser-photodiode array, and Doppler probe, measuring piston motion, ring speed and intra-ring velocity respectively. This instrumentation does not interfere with imaging system QA, but allows QA to be performed on both the ring vortex and the device in real-time. Results: The encoder reports the reliability of the piston velocity profile, whilst ring speed is measured by laser behaviour. Incorporation of a calibrated Doppler probe offers a consistency check that confirms behaviour of the central axial flow. For purposes of gold-standard measurement, all elements can be related to previous Laser PIV acquisitions with the same device settings. Conclusion: Consequently, ring vortex production within tolerances is confirmed by this instrumentation, delivering accurate QA in real-time. This implementation offers a phantom QA procedure that exceeds anything seen in the literature, providing the technology to enhance quantitative assessment of flow imaging modalities.
