Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for Normalization of RT-qPCR Analysis in Developing or Abiotic-Stressed Tissues of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica)

Loquat(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree that produces fruits with abundant nutrients and medicinal components.Confirming suitable reference genes for a set of loquat samples before qRT-PCR experiments is essential for the accurate quantification of gene expression.In this study,eight candidate reference genes were selected from our previously published RNA-seq data,and primers for each candidate reference gene were designed and evaluated.The Cq values of the candidate reference genes were calculated by RT-qPCR in 31 different loquat samples,including 12 subgroups of developing or abiotic-stressed tissues.Different combinations of stable reference genes were screened according to a comprehensive rank,which was synthesized from the results of four algorithms,including the geNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper andΔCt methods.The screened reference genes were verified by normalizing EjLGA1 in each subgroup.The obtained suitable combinations of reference genes for accurate normalization were GAPDH,EF1αand ACT for floral development;GAPDH,UBCE and ACT for fruit setting;EF1α,GAPDH and eIF2B for fruit ripening;ACT,EF1αand UBCE for leaves under heat stress;eIF2B,UBCE and EF1αfor leaves under freezing stress;EF1α,TUA and UBCE for leaves under salt stress;ACT,EF1αand eIF2B for immature pulp under freezing stress;ACT,UBCE and eIF2B for immature seeds under freezing stress;EF1α,eIF2B and UBCE for both immature pulp and seeds under freezing stress;UBCE,TUB and TUA for red-fleshed fruits under cold-storage stress;eIF2B,RPS3 and TUB for white-fleshed fruits under coldstorage stress;and eIF2B,UBCE and RPS3 for both red-and white-fleshed fruits under cold-storage stress.This study obtained different combinations of stable reference genes for accurate normalization in twelve subgroups of developing or abiotic-stressed tissues in loquat.To our knowledge,this is the first report to obtain stable reference genes for normalizing gene expression of abiotic-stressed tissues in E.japonica.The use of the three most stable reference genes could increase the reliability of future quantification experiments.

Detection of Low-Risk and High-Risk Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus in Archived Tissues from ENT Tumors in Burkina Faso

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is classified into high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and HPV (LR-HPV) according to their oncogenic potential. These viruses can be found in the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus and in the ENT sphere. HPV ENT infections can lead to benign or malignant tumors in which we could find both LR-HPV and HR-HPV genotypes. The objective of this study was to investigate the genotypes of HR-HPV and LR-HPV in archived tissue samples derived from both benign and malignant tumors of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. One hundred and twenty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archived tissues of the ENT sphere from 26 benign tumors and 94 malignant tumors were included. The tissues were first deparaffinized with xylem. The extracted DNA was used to test for high-risk and low-risk HPV by Real-Time Multiplex PCR. HPV DNA was found in 57.7% (15/26) of benign tumors and 43.61% (41/94) of malignant tumors. The prevalence of HPV infection was 46.67% (56/120) in all tumors combined. The most common HPV genotypes found were HPV 11 (34.28%), HPV 6 (30%), HPV56 (14.28%) and HPV 33 (8.57%). There were 21.43% (12/56) cases of genotypes co-infections with 10 cases of double infection and 2 cases of triple infection. Both low-risk and high-risk HPV are found in ENT tumors with relatively high HPV prevalence.

Mercury accumulation,distribution,and isotopic composition in tissues of the Collared Scops Owl(Otus lettia)

Mercury is a ubiquitous contaminant known to accumulate in wildlife,particularly bird species at higher trophic levels.Knowledge of tissue-specific Hg distributions aids our understanding of Hg bioaccumulation in organisms.In this study,one adult and three juvenile Collared Scops Owls(Otus lettia)were studied to elucidate the bioaccumulation of Hg in body tissues.Six tissues and organs(feathers,nails,heart,liver,gizzard,and muscle),as well as gastric contents,were examined for total Hg(THg)and methylmercury(MeHg)contents,Hg isotopic compositions including mass-dependent fractionation(MDF;δ202Hg)and mass-independent fractionation(MIF;Δ199Hg andΔ201Hg),and C(δ13C)and N(δ15N)isotopic compositions.Tissue-specific THg and MeHg concentrations in the adult were in the ranges of 150–1360 ng/g and17–1060 ng/g,and lower in the juveniles at 91–419 ng/g and 67–350 ng/g,respectively.Theδ^(202)Hg values in the adult were strongly negative at-1.75‰±0.17‰compared with the juveniles at-0.99‰±0.25‰.The adult exhibited lower MIF values than the juveniles,at0.23‰±0.07‰forΔ^(199)Hg and 0.2‰±0.11‰forΔ^(201)Hg,comparedwith0.81‰±0.09‰and0.66‰±0.07‰,respectively.The lower adult MDF and MIF values suggest that the adult tended to accumulate negative Hg isotopes but the juvenile's positive Hg isotopes.Differences between adult and juvenile tissue Hg concentrations indicate that metabolic processes play an important role in Hg accumulation.

Wideband frequency-dependent dielectric properties of rat tissues exposed to low-intensity focused ultrasound in the microwave frequency range

Tissue dielectric properties can vary upon the incident of an acoustic wave.The goal of this study is to quantify this change due to the acoustoelectric effect(AE),and to obtain the frequency-dependent dielectric properties of tissues exposed to low-intensity focused ultrasound(LIFU).The dielectric properties of the blood,brain,chest muscle,heart,kidney,leg muscle,liver,lung,pancreas,and spleen of rats were measured by an open-ended coaxial probe method.The acoustic intensity of LIFU focus was 2.97 MPa(67.6 W/cm^(2)),3.95 MPa(120 W/cm^(2)),and 5.17 MPa(204 W/cm^(2)),respectively,and the measurement frequency band was 0.1–7.08 GHz.The measurement results show that with the LIFU modulation,the conductivity and dielectric constant decreased in the high-frequency band,and on the contrary,they increased in the lowfrequency band,and the larger the acoustic intensity was,the more obvious the phenomenon was.This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which ultrasound acts on the dielectric properties of biological tissues.It is expected that the findings from this study will provide a basis that the response of tissue to LIFU modulation can be monitored by noninvasive techniques such as microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging(MTI)and microwave imaging,present a new idea for improving the endogenous contrast between different biological tissues in MTI and acoustoelectric imaging,and possibly lead to the development of a new imaging method based on the relaxation time of tissue after LIFU modulation.

Heat transport properties within living biological tissues with temperature-dependent thermal properties

Understanding of the heat transport within living biological tissues is crucial to effective heat treatments. The heat transport properties of living biological tissues with temperature-dependent properties are explored in this paper. Taking into account of variable physical properties, the governing equation of temperature is first derived in the context of the dualphase-lags model(DPL). An effective method, according to the Laplace transform and a linearization technique, is then employed to solve this nonlinear governing equation. The temperature distribution of a biological tissue exposed to a pulsed heat flux on its exterior boundary, which frequently happens in various heat treatments, is predicted and analyzed. The results state that a lower temperature can be predicted when temperature dependence is considered in the heating process.The contributions of key thermal parameters are different and dependent on the ratio of phase lag and the amplitude of the exterior pulsed heat flux.

Three-dimensional remodeling of collagen fibers within cervical tissues in pregnancy

The cervix is a collagen-rich connective tissue that must remain closed during pregnancy while undergoing progressive remodeling in preparation for delivery,which begins before the onset of the preterm labor process.Therefore,it is important to resolve the changes of collagen flbers during cervical remodeling for the prevention of preterm labor.Herein,we assessed the spatial organization of collagen flbers in a three-dimensional(3D)context within cervical tissues of mice on day 3,9,12,15 and 18 of gestation.We found that the 3D directional variance,a novel metric of alignment,was higher on day 9 than that on day 3 and then gradually decreased from day 9 to day 18.Compared with two-dimensional(2D)approach,a higher sensitivity was achieved from 3D analysis,highlighting the importance of truly 3D quantification.Moreover,the depthdependent variation of 3D directional variance was investigated.By combining multiple 3D directional variance-derived metrics,a high level of classification accuracy was acquired in distinguishing different periods of pregnancy.These results demonstrate that 3D directional variance is sensitive to remodeling of collagen fibers within cervical tissues,shedding new light on highly-sensitive,early detection of preterm birth(PTB).

Depolarizing metrics in the biomedical field:Vision enhancement and classification of biological tissues

Polarimetry encompasses a collection of optical techniques broadly used in a variety of fields.Nowadays,such techniques have provided their suitability in the biomedical field through the study of the polarimetric response of biological samples(retardance,dichroism and depolarization)by measuring certain polarimetric observables.One of these features,depolarization,is mainly produced by scattering on samples,which is a predominant efiect in turbid media as biological tissues.In turn,retardance and dichroic efiects are produced by tissue anisotropies and can lead to depolarization too.Since depolarization is a predominant efiect in tissue samples,we focus on studying difierent depolarization metrics for biomedical applications.We report the suitability of a set of depolarizing observables,the indices of polarimetric purity(IPPs),for biological tissue inspection.We review some results where we demonstrate that IPPs lead to better performance than the depolarization index,which is a well-established and commonly used depolarization observable in the literature.We also provide how IPPs are able to significantly enhance contrast between difierent tissue structures and even to reveal structures hidden by using standard intensity images.Finally,we also explore the classificatory potential of IPPs and other depolarizing observables for the discrimination of difierent tissues obtained from ex vivo chicken samples(muscle,tendon,myotendinous junction and bone),reaching accurate models for tissue classification.

Effects of adjacent bubble on spatiotemporal evolutions of mechanical stresses surrounding bubbles oscillating in tissues

The cavitation dynamics and mechanical stress in viscoelastic tissues, as the primary mechanisms of some ultrasound therapies, are extremely complex due to the interactions of cavitation bubble with adjacent bubbles and surrounding tissues.Therefore, the cavitation dynamics and resultant mechanical stress of two-interacting bubbles in the viscoelastic tissues are numerically investigated, especially focusing on the effects of the adjacent bubble. The results demonstrate that the mechanical stress is highly dependent on the bubble dynamics. The compressive stress and tensile stress are generated at the stage of bubble expansion and collapse stage, respectively. Furthermore, within the initial parameters examined in this paper, the effects of the adjacent bubble will distinctly suppress the radial expansion of the small bubble and consequently lead its associated stresses to decrease. Owing to the superimposition of two stress fields, the mechanical stresses surrounding the small bubble in the direction of the neighboring bubble are smaller than those in other directions. For two interacting cavitation bubbles, the suppression effects of the nearby bubble on both the cavitation dynamics and the stresses surrounding the small bubble increase as the ultrasound amplitude and the initial radius of the large bubble increase, whereas they decrease with the inter-bubble distance increasing. Moreover, increasing the tissue viscoelasticity will reduce the suppression effects of the nearby bubble, except in instances where the compressive stress and tensile stress first increase and then decrease with the tissue elasticity and viscosity increasing respectively. This study can provide a further understanding of the mechanisms of cavitation-associated mechanical damage to the adjacent tissues or cells.

四季秋海棠BsMYB62的抗旱性功能研究

【目的】以前期从四季秋海棠叶片中克隆得到的R2R3型MYB转录因子BsMYB62为研究对象,分析其在干旱胁迫下的功能。【方法】对四季秋海棠MYB62蛋白进行亚细胞定位,并通过实时荧光定量PCR方法明确BsMYB62基因在四季秋海棠根、茎、叶、雄花和雌花5个组织部位中的表达情况;构建BsMYB62基因的过表达载体转化到拟南芥,观察过表达转基因株系与野生型植株在萌发期和幼苗期遭受干旱胁迫时的生长表型、种子萌发和根长情况,测定各株系在幼苗期干旱胁迫处理时的叶绿素荧光参数PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m)),叶绿素、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量,抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性以及转基因株系中BsMYB62基因的相对表达量变化。【结果】BsMYB62定位于四季秋海棠的细胞核,其在根、茎、叶和雌雄花中均有表达,其中以根和茎中的表达水平较高。在MS培养基中,野生型拟南芥和3个BsMYB62过表达转基因株系(OE1、OE2和OE3)的发芽率和长势均无显著差异,而在200 mmol/L甘露醇(模拟干旱胁迫)培养基中,OE1、OE2和OE3在胁迫处理后前2 d的发芽率及主根长均显著高于野生型拟南芥,幼苗长势也明显优于野生型。置于培养土中干旱胁迫1 d时,OE1、OE2和OE3的BsMYB62即被显著诱导;干旱胁迫13 d时,OE1、OE2和OE3的F_(v)/F_(m)、叶绿素含量、Pro含量以及SOD、POD和CAT活性均显著高于野生型拟南芥,而MDA含量则显著低于野生型拟南芥。【结论】BsMYB62基因通过提高转基因拟南芥的光合潜能和抗氧化能力,显著增强其对干旱胁迫的抗性。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定动物组织中地塞米松与倍他米松药物残留

在承担糖皮质激素风险监测任务时,发现2个现行有效的关于检测动物组织中糖皮质激素的国家标准(农业部1031号公告-2—2008《动物源性食品中糖皮质激素类药物多残留检测液相色谱-串联质谱法》和GB/T 21981—2008《动物源食品中激素多残留检测方法液相色谱-质谱/质谱法》)中的样品前处理均采用了固相萃取方法,从而导致了检测过程中过柱净化烦琐、氮吹浓缩时间长、检测成本高、生态环境不友好等诸多弊端。在经过大量实验研究及经实际工作应用检验的基础上,研究简化了动物组织中地塞米松和倍他米松残留检测中样品前处理固相萃取过柱和氮吹过程,建立了快速、准确、灵敏的动物组织(牛肝、牛肉、猪肝与猪肉)中残留的地塞米松和倍他米松的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱的同时检测方法。样品在盐析条件下经乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂,采用电喷雾多反应监测、负离子模式测定,对动物组织中地塞米松和倍他米松进行定性和定量。地塞米松和倍他米松的检出限可达0.5μg/kg,定量限可达1.0μg/kg。在地塞米松和倍他米松的质量浓度为0.1~50.0μg/L,峰强度与质量浓度的线性关系良好(R 2>0.99)。在地塞米松和倍他米松的1.0、2.0、5.0μg/kg添加浓度下,方法的平均回收率在83.3%~98.2%。希望该研究可为实验室大批量检测此类药物在动物组织中的残留提供一定的借鉴。

基于GEO数据库相关基因检测数据估算分析直肠癌组织免疫细胞分布变化

目的 基于GEO数据库相关基因检测数据估算直肠癌组织免疫细胞比例,分析不同免疫细胞之间以及免疫细胞与患者临床病理特征、预后的关系,以探讨直肠癌组织中免疫细胞的分布情况及其变化的临床意义。方法从GEO数据库中下载GSE87211数据集,从中提取直肠癌组织与直肠正常对照组织(简称对照组织)基因检测数据及直肠癌患者临床相关数据。应用CIBERSORT反卷积法估算直肠癌组织及直肠对照组织中22种免疫细胞(包括浆细胞、初始B细胞、记忆性B细胞、滤泡辅助性T细胞、调节性T细胞、γδT细胞、CD8+T细胞、初始CD4+T细胞、未活化CD4记忆T细胞、活化CD4记忆T细胞、未活化NK细胞、未活化肥大细胞、活化肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、活化NK细胞、单核细胞、M0巨噬细胞、M1巨噬细胞、M2巨噬细胞、未活化树突状细胞及活化树突状细胞)比例。采用Pearson相关性分析不同免疫细胞之间的相关性;应用Wilcox检验或Kruskal-Wallis检验比较不同临床病理特征直肠癌患者癌组织中免疫细胞比例;以不同免疫细胞比例中位值为界,将直肠癌患者分为高比例组和低比例组,采用Kaplan-Meier曲线对高、低比例组患者进行生存分析,并比较两组生存率。结果 与对照组织比较,直肠癌患者癌组织中初始CD4+T细胞、活化CD4记忆T细胞、调节性T细胞、未活化NK细胞、单核细胞、M0巨噬细胞、未活化树突状细胞、活化肥大细胞、中性粒细胞比例增加,记忆性B细胞、CD8+T细胞、浆细胞、未活化CD4记忆T细胞、滤泡辅助性T细胞、M2巨噬细胞、未活化肥大细胞比例降低(P均<0.05)。直肠癌组织中活化肥大细胞和中性粒细胞比例呈正相关(r=0.71,P<0.05),M2巨噬细胞和浆细胞细胞比例呈正相关(r=0.65,P<0.05),CD8+T细胞和浆细胞细胞比例呈正相关(r=0.62,P<0.05),中性粒细胞和M2巨噬细胞比例呈负相关(r=-0.62,P<0.05)。与KRAS野生型直肠癌患者相比,KRAS突变型直肠癌患者癌组织中活化CD4记忆T细胞及中性粒细胞比例增高、调节性T细胞比例降低(P均<0.05)。有淋巴结转移的直肠癌患者癌组织中浆细胞、γδT细胞及调节性T细胞比例低于无淋巴结转移患者。存在远处转移的直肠癌患者组织中未活化NK细胞比例高于未转移的患者(P均<0.05)。浆细胞高比例组的直肠癌患者较低比例组的患者具有更好的预后,中性粒细胞高比例组患者生存期短于低比例组(P均<0.05)。结论 直肠癌组织中免疫细胞分布与对照组织相比存在差异。不同临床病理特征直肠癌患者中免疫细胞亚群比例亦有所不同。浆细胞高表达、中性粒细胞低表达预示着患者更好的生存结局。

经典藏药如意珍宝片多次给药的靶器官-脑组织的成分探究

目的:探讨经典藏药如意珍宝片多次给药后,其靶器官脑组织的活性成分,分析其可能的作用特点。方法:6只斯泼累格·多雷(SD)雄性大鼠分为对照组和观察组2组,连续给药7 d,在最后一次给药后1 h处死动物,取血浆和脑组织,分析入血成分,并对潜在入脑成分进行检测和验证。结果:采用Full mass/dd-MSMS模式,以目标峰的一级谱图的分子量的组成及二级质谱图的分子离子峰进行定性分析;并依据入血成分作为潜在入脑成分,将其输入到包含列表内,进行样品检测。结合数据库mzcloud和ChemSpider的结果,对潜在入脑成分进行搜索,根据保留时间、一级质量数和二级质谱数据,共发现了13个入脑成分,其中大豆苷、胆酸、紫苜蓿酮、3′-O-methylviolanone、胡椒碱已用标准品验证。色氨酸、茴香脑、异木香酸和腺苷已通过mzCloud数据库进行二级碎片信息比对。结论:如意珍宝片中的降香、荜茇、甘草膏、肉桂、木香、黄葵子、牛黄、红花等药物的有效成分能够进入靶器官脑组织中,发挥其疗效作用。

中药单体及复方在膝骨关节炎中的治疗进展

背景:膝骨关节炎是一种多因素导致的退行性疾病,其发病机制复杂,目前仍不清晰。中药在治疗膝骨关节炎方面富有成效,深入研究中药在膝骨关节炎中的治疗作用机制具有重要意义。目的:综述中药单体及复方在膝骨关节炎中的治疗进展,为有效防治膝骨关节炎提供思路和借鉴。方法:查阅国内外数据库从数据库建立至2022年发表的相关文献,设置中文检索词为“膝骨关节炎”“软骨破坏”“中药”“中药复方”“治疗”等,英文检索词为“Knee osteoarthritis”“Cartilage damage”“Traditional Chinese Medicine”“Chinese herbal compound”“Treatment”等,检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、MEDLINE、Nature及Cochrane数据库,排除重复及陈旧无参考意义的文献,通过纳入和排除标准共纳入62篇标准文献进行探讨。结果与结论:①膝骨关节炎部分发病机制主要有免疫炎症反应、软骨细胞自噬与凋亡、血管内皮生长因子水平影响和生物力学失衡等;②中药治疗膝骨关节炎的作用机制主要集中在调节炎症因子水平、软骨细胞自噬与凋亡、血管内皮生长因子水平和改善软骨性能方面,以此延缓膝骨关节炎发生发展。

单宁酸改性互穿网络水凝胶促进断裂跟腱术后的组织重塑

背景:跟腱断裂术后的再生与重塑是临床治疗的难点,组织工程水凝胶材料为促进跟腱修复提供了可能。目的:探究单宁酸改性互穿网络水凝胶对大鼠断裂跟腱组织再生与重塑的作用。方法:①通过蓝光照射及CaSO4溶液浸泡交联制备单宁酸改性互穿网络水凝胶,表征水凝胶的微观形貌、力学性能、黏附性能、体外释药性能与生物相容性。②取30只SD大鼠,采用随机数字表法分为假手术组、手术组与水凝胶组,每组10只,后2组建立右后肢跟腱断裂模型,手术组采用改良Kessler法将断裂跟腱重新缝合,水凝胶组采用相同术式缝合断裂跟腱后将单宁酸改性互穿网络水凝胶贴片完全缠绕包裹于断端接合处。术后4周,对断裂跟腱进行影像学检查、组织学评价、生物力学测试及炎症因子水平检测。结果与结论:①扫描电镜下可见单宁酸改性互穿网络水凝胶呈多孔微观结构,孔径为3-10μm,并且水凝胶具备良好的体外释药性能、黏附强度与拉伸强度;CCK-8检测与活/死染色显示,该水凝胶对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞增殖活性无明显影响,具备良好的生物相容性。②MRI成像显示,与手术组比较,水凝胶组大鼠跟腱呈均一低信号,跟腱前后径厚度减小,与周围组织分界更为明确,表现更接近假手术组。苏木精-伊红与Masson染色显示,手术组大鼠跟腱纤维排列松散混乱,细胞密度增加且排布杂乱,伴有明显炎性细胞浸润,部分区域出现腱内骨化;水凝胶组大鼠跟腱纤维排列有序,细胞密度降低且排布规整,炎性细胞浸润明显减少。手术组大鼠跟腱的拉伸强度低于假手术组(P<0.05),水凝胶组大鼠跟腱的拉伸强度高于手术组(P<0.05)。与假手术组比较,手术组大鼠跟腱中白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素6及肿瘤坏死因子α质量浓度及mRNA表达升高(P<0.05);与手术组比较,水凝胶组3种炎症因子水平及mRNA表达降低。③结果表明,单宁酸改性互穿网络水凝胶可显著抑制局部炎症反应、促进断裂跟腱组织重塑。

瓠瓜KNOX基因家族全基因组鉴定及组织表达分析

【目的】探明瓠瓜KNOX基因家族特征,在瓠瓜全基因组水平上对KNOX基因家族成员进行鉴定和分析,研究其组织表达模式。【方法】利用生物信息学方法,对瓠瓜KNOX家族基因成员进行鉴定、编码蛋白理化性质分析及家族成员结构域和保守基序分析,利用MEGA 5.05软件构建系统进化树,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,分析KNOX基因在瓠瓜不同组织(根、茎、叶、花、果实)中的表达情况。【结果】鉴定到12个瓠瓜KNOX家族基因,这些基因分布在6条染色体上,且均定位于细胞核。大多数瓠瓜KNOX家族蛋白含有同源异型盒蛋白特有的4种结构域KNOX1、KNOX2、ELK和Homeobox_KN。系统进化分析将瓠瓜KNOX基因分为KNOX ClassⅠ和KNOX ClassⅡ2大类群,2个类群又可进一步分为5个分支,其中ClassⅠ-C为瓠瓜特有的进化分支。KNOX基因启动子区有多个激素响应元件和植物生长相关元件。组织表达分析发现,瓠瓜KNOX基因具有不同的表达模式,KNOX ClassⅠ类基因表达具有组织特异性,在根、茎和果实中表达量较高,在其余组织中表达量较低或不表达,其中Lsi04G014450在根和茎中表达量最高,Lsi11G006380在果实中表达量最高;KNOX ClassⅡ类基因在所有组织中均有较高表达。【结论】瓠瓜KNOX基因家族有12个成员,分布于6条染色体上,在进化关系上可分为5组,具有瓠瓜特有的进化分支,在不同组织中的表达具有特异性。

自体软组织替代材料治疗天然牙牙龈退缩的Meta分析

目的:从临床指标方面系统评价并比较自体软组织替代材料与结缔组织移植物联合冠向复位瓣技术治疗天然牙牙龈退缩的疗效。方法:计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、维普、万方、知网等数据库中关于自体软组织替代材料或结缔组织移植物(CTG)治疗牙龈退缩的随机对照试验,检索时限从2013年1月至2023年12月。结果:最终纳入14个随机对照研究,1117个牙龈退缩位点。Meta分析显示,术后6个月时,CTG与异种胶原基质(XCM)比较能更好地降低牙龈退缩深度,与富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)、脱细胞真皮基质(ADM)比较无明显区别;CTG与PRF、ADM、XCM比较角化龈宽度增量更明显;根面覆盖率指标差异无统计学意义;PRF、XCM可以明显降低患者术后的疼痛感。结论:研究表明,自体软组织替代材料与CTG相比,对于治疗牙龈退缩的效果并没有显著差异,但是前者可以降低患者术后疼痛感。

颌骨来源骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的特点、优势与应用

背景:颌面部骨组织缺损修复是目前研究的热点与难点,而种子细胞的选择是关键。颌骨来源骨髓间充质干细胞是存在于颌骨内的成体间充质干细胞,在颌面部组织再生方面的应用更具优势。目的:综述颌骨来源骨髓间充质干细胞的生物学特性和成骨分化优势以及药物、体内环境、微小RNA对其成骨分化影响的相关研究进展。方法:利用计算机在PubMed和中国知网进行文献检索。中文检索词为“口腔,骨组织工程,干细胞”,英文检索词为“oral,bone tissue engineering,stem cells”。共检索下载文章405篇,根据纳入与排除标准对文章进行筛选,最终纳入70篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:颌骨来源骨髓间充质干细胞是口腔骨组织工程的优良种子细胞,与长骨骨髓间充质干细胞相比,颌骨来源骨髓间充质干细胞具有更强的增殖能力和成骨分化能力。药物、体内环境、微小RNA均可以调控颌骨来源骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化,但目前对颌骨来源骨髓间充质干细胞的研究尚处于初始阶段,因此需要更多论证力较强的研究来证实其在颌面部骨组织再生领域的应用更具优势。

脂肪组织及其衍生成分在创面修复和血管化中的作用

背景:软组织损伤修复过程中,局部的血管化对创面愈合和功能恢复至关重要。脂肪组织被认为是人体最大的干细胞来源库,目前已开发出多种不同的脂肪成分被用于研究和治疗,其促进血管再生和软组织修复的能力被广泛研究。目的:综述血管化在软组织损伤修复中的研究进展,总结脂肪组织及其衍生成分的制备方法及其在血管化和软组织损伤修复中的应用。证实脂肪组织及其衍生成分在血管和软组织工程中具有卓越的研究价值和临床应用前景。方法:利用PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI数据库检索2010年1月至2023年2月发表的相关文献,中文检索词为“软组织修复,伤口愈合,血管化,血管新生,脂肪组织,间质血管成分细胞,脂肪源微血管片段,纳米脂肪,脂肪干细胞基质胶”,英文检索词为“soft tissue repair,wound healing,vascularization,angiogenesis,adipose tissue,stromal vascular fraction,adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragment,nanofat,adipose extracellular matrix/stromal vascular fraction gel”,并纳入少量年份久远的经典文献。通过阅读标题和摘要进行初筛,排除与文章主题不相关的文献,最终纳入69篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:(1)创面愈合是一项重要的生理过程,主要发生在组织受到损伤时,如创伤、手术、烧伤、肿瘤、感染以及血管性疾病引起的组织损伤缺损等;(2)创伤部位足够的血管化对组织修复、局部稳态的重新构建和功能恢复至关重要;(3)脂肪组织被认为是人体最大的干细胞来源库,目前已有多种不同的脂肪成分被用于研究和治疗;(4)由于其本身具有的成分和制备优势,脂肪组织将在未来的组织工程研究和治疗中继续扮演重要角色。

未分化结缔组织病相关肝纤维化1例报告

结缔组织病(connective tissue disease,CTD)是风湿性疾病中的一大类,以血管和结缔组织慢性炎症性改变为主要发病基础,累及多个器官。未分化CTD(undifferentiated CTD,UCTD)是CTD的一种特殊类型,相对少见,可累及肝脏,引起肝损害,临床表现缺乏特异性,易漏诊误诊^([1])。本文报道一例因反复肝功能异常为首发表现就诊消化科,伴有肝纤维化、间质性肺炎和亚临床甲状腺功能减退症,最终被诊断为UCTD及相关肝纤维化和间质性肺炎,给予皮质激素和羟氯喹治疗后患者肝功能指标恢复正常。现回顾性分析该例的诊疗过程并进行文献复习,供临床医师参考。

台湾独蒜兰组培繁育及其假鳞茎的化学组成分析

为构建台湾独蒜兰组培繁育技术体系,分析栽培台湾独蒜兰假鳞茎化学组成特征,经过种子萌发、原球状茎增长、假鳞茎增殖、生根壮苗培养获得台湾独蒜兰植株,以组培台湾独蒜兰植株的假鳞茎为材料,应用非靶向代谢组和HPLC指纹图谱分析假鳞茎化学成分组成。结果表明,经过2年的繁育,单个台湾独蒜兰蒴果可以获得假鳞茎0.5 g左右的幼苗超过1 000株。通过非靶向代谢组数据分析鉴定出不同材料的共有的化合物1 229种,包括羧酸及其衍生物236种、苯及取代衍生物110种、有机氧化合物106种、脂肪酰基化合物94种、黄酮类化合物43种、甾体及甾体衍生物42种,其中以化合物1,4-二[4-(葡萄糖氧)苄基]-2-异丁基苹果酸酯为代表的苄酯类为兰科植物富集化合物。应用HPLC法,测得假鳞茎的1,4-二[4-(葡萄糖氧)苄基]-2-异丁基苹果酸酯含量为0.53%。综上,应用组培技术可以繁育得到台湾独蒜兰的植株,台湾独蒜兰的假鳞茎与独蒜兰一样含有丰富的苄酯类化合物成分。