Rapid communication Preparation of TiO_2 nanometer thin films with high photocatalytic activity by reverse micellar method

Two kinds of TiO_2 nanometer thin films were prepared on stainless steel bythe reverse micellar and sol-gel methods, respectively. The calcined TiO_ 2 thin films werecharacterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), BET surface area and X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalyticdecoloration of methyl orange aqueous solution. The results showed that the TiO_2 thin filmsprepared by reverse micellar method (designated as RM-TiO_2 films) showed higher photocatalyticactivity than those by sol-gel method (designated as SG-TiO_2 films). This is attributed to the factthat the former is composed of smaller monodispersed spherical particles with a size of about 15 nmand possesses higher surface areas.

Influence of TiO_2 seeding layers on phase composition of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate thin films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering

The influence of amorphous TiO_2 seeding layers on the phase composition of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate(0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3PbTiO3,PMN-PT) films deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate by RF magnetron sputtering was examined.The relation between seeding layer thickness and phase composition at different post annealing temperature was observed by XRD.The thickness of amorphous TiO2 seeding layer and post annealing temperature had remarkable effects on PMN-PT film phase composition.When amorphous seeding layer becomes thick,a new phase of Nb2O5 exists in the films.Only when the seeding layer thickness is suitable,the film with pure perovskite phase can be attained.

Sensitizing Mechanism and Adsorption Properties of Dye-sensitized TiO_2 Thin Films

The dye-sensitized TiO2 complex films were prepared by the dye coat onto TiO2 surfaces, and the sensitizing mechanism and adsorption properties of the dye-sensitized TiO2 complex films were investigated. The influence of the application conditions of dye adsorbed on TiO2 films on the amount of dye adsorption was discussed. Experimental results show that the concentration, the temperature of dye solutions and the dipping time of TiO2 films in the dye solutions have a significant influence on the amount of dye adsorption. Cell test indicates that the conversion efficiency of light to electricity increases with the amount of dye adsorption.

TiO_2 thin film photocatalyst

It is well known that the photocatalytic activity of TiO_2 thin filmsstrongly depends on the preparing methods and post-treatment conditions, since they have a decisiveinfluence on the chemical and physical properties of TiO_2 thin films. Therefore, it is necessary toelucidate the influence of the preparation process and post-treatment conditions on thephoto-catalytic activity and surface microstructures of the films. This review deals with thepreparation of TiO_2 thin film photo-catalysts by wet-chemical methods (such as sol-gel,-reversemicellar and liquid phase deposition) and the comparison of various preparation methods as well astheir advantage and disadvantage. Furthermore, it is discussed that the advancement ofphotocatalytic activity, super-hydrophilicity and bactericidal activity of TiO_2 thin filmphotocatalyst in recent years.

TiO_2 Thin Film UV Detectors Deposited by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Crystalline TiO2 thin films were prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering on indium-tin oxide（ITO） thin film deposited on quartz substrate, the photoconductive UV detector on TiO2 thin films was based on a sandwich structure of C/ TiO2/ITO. The measurement of the I-V characteristics for these devices shows good ohmic contact. The photoresponse of TiO2 thin films was analyzed at different bias voltage. The detector shows a good photoresponse with a rise time of 2 s and a fall time of 40 s, the photocurrent is linearly increased with the bias voltage.

Comparison on Morphological and Optical Properties of TiO_(2) Thin Films Grown by Single-Pulse and Multi-Pulse Laser Ablation

TiO2 thin films were prepared on glass substrates using the PLD (Pulsed Laser Deposition) technique. In order to carry out the ablation process, a Nd:YAG laser was used emitting in 1064 nm wavelength at 10 Hz repetition rate, set up for operating in both single-pulse and multi-pulse regimes. A comparison of the deposition rate, the optical and morphological properties of the layers obtained from both ablation regimes was made, which showed that the multi-pulsed ablation produced layers with a higher surface quality and better optical properties.

Fabrication and Fluorescence Study of Sensitizing Dye/TiO_2 Films

Fluorescence spectra of the sensitizing dye/ TiO2 bilayer films were studied. Charge-transfer complexes were formed in the above bilayer.

TiCl_4水解法制备TiO_2薄膜的表征及光催化性能

以TiCl4水解法,采用浸渍提拉法在玻璃片上制备TiO2纳米薄膜。用XRD及SEM、EDS测定和表征TiO2薄膜的表面形貌和结构特性,以UV吸收光谱和可见光透光率表征薄膜的光学特性。结果表明,所得薄膜负载质量与镀膜次数有很好的线性关系,镀膜4次的TiO2薄膜具有表面均匀、厚度约为0 192μm,粒子粒径约为5.0nm,对紫外光强烈吸收并有红移拓宽。TiO2薄膜作为催化剂对500mL的20mg/L乙酸的降解率达到75.9%,比等负载量的粉末TiO2光催化的48.0%降解率高27.9%。

TiO_2光催化降解聚乙烯薄膜

以快速溶胶法制备了纳米TiO2光催化剂,用于室温下固相光催化降解聚乙烯(PE)包装薄膜的研究。对催化剂和薄膜进行了X射线衍射分析,傅立叶红外光谱分析,扫描电子显微镜形貌观察。结果表明,15W紫外光辐射240h后,PE质量损失为7.66%,金红石型纳米TiO2光催化剂使PE质量损失14.93%,锐钛矿型纳米TiO2光催化剂使PE质量损失23.97%;TiO2加速了高分子碳链的断裂和光氧化,在薄膜表面形成大量的凹坑,降解产物中小分子量的石蜡含量明显增高,锐钛矿型纳米TiO2光催化降解PE的活性高于金红石型纳米TiO2。

连续片状纳米TiO_2薄膜的制备和表征(英文)

采用溶胶 凝胶法,通过在制备过程中加入丙烯酸对纳米TiO2胶体颗粒进行表面修饰以及加入引发剂偶氮双异丁腈(AIBN)引发丙烯酸聚合,利用提拉法在载玻片表面制备了纳米TiO2薄膜;采用热分析仪考察了纳米TiO2胶体颗粒中有机物的热解行为,并用X射线衍射仪测定了经不同温度下焙烧后的纳米TiO2粉体的晶体结构;采用原子力显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察分析了薄膜的微观结构;在对不同制备条件下制备的纳米TiO2干胶进行红外光谱分析的基础上,初步考察了薄膜成膜机理 结果表明,所制备的TiO2薄膜经400℃烧结处理后形成连续、片状。

Ag^+掺杂TiO_2薄膜的低温制备及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为钛前驱体,硝酸银为银物种掺杂给体,采用溶胶—凝胶法低温制备经Ag+掺杂改性的TiO2溶胶,并采用旋涂法在普通盖玻片上制备TiO2薄膜,用XRD、FTIR等测试手段对制备的样品进行表征。以2,4-二氯苯酚为模拟污染物,考察了Ag+-TiO2薄膜的光催化活性。结果表明:掺杂Ag+对TiO2的晶型转变有影响,可促进锐钛矿相向金红石相转变;银物种以Ag2O与Ag2TiO3形式存在。在实验条件下,掺杂Ag+的摩尔分数为1.5%时,其光催化性能最好,且薄膜的光催化重复使用性能良好。

Uniform deposition of ultra-thin TiO_(2) film on mica substrate by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition: Effect of precursor concentration

The performance of pearlescent pigment significantly affected by the grain size and the roughness of deposited film. The effect of TiCl_(4) concentration on the initial deposition of TiO_(2) on mica by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition(APCVD) was investigated. The precursor concentration significantly affected the deposition and morphology of TiO_(2) grains assembling the film. The deposition time for fully covering the surface of mica decreased from 120 to 10 s as the TiCl_(4) concentration increased from 0.38%to 2.44%. The grain size increased with the TiCl_(4) concentration. The AFM and TEM analysis demonstrated that the aggregation of TiO_(2) clusters at the initial stage finally result to the agglomeration of fine TiO_(2) grains at high TiCl_(4) concentrations. Following the results, it was suggested that the nucleation density and size was easy to be adjusted when the TiCl_(4) concentration is below 0.90%.

Humidity sensing properties of spray deposited Fe doped TiO_(2)thin film

In the present work,ferrite(Fe)doped TiO_(2)thin films with different volume percentage(vol%)were synthesized using a spray pyrolysis technique.The effect of Fe doping on structural properties such as crystallite size,texture coefficient,microstrain,dislocation densities etc.were evaluated from the X ray diffratometry(XRD)data.XRD data revealed a polycrystalline anatase TiO_(2)phase for sample synthesized up to 2 vol%and mixed anatase and rutile crystalline phase for sample synthesized at 4 vol%Fe doped TiO_(2).The crystalline size was observed to decrease with increase in Fe dopant vol%and also other structural parameters changes with Fe dopant percentage.In the present work,electrical resistance was observed to decrease with a rise in Fe dopant vol%and temperature of the sample.Thermal properties like temperature coefficient of resistance and activation energy also showed strong correlation with Fe dopant vol%.Humidity sensing properties of the synthesized sample altered with a change in Fe dopant vol%.In the present paper,maximum sensitivity of about 88.7%for the sample synthesized with 2 vol%Fe doped TiO_(2)and also the lowest response and recovery time of about 52 and 3 s were reported for the same sample.

Photocatalytic degradation of organochlorine compounds using TiO_2 supported on fiberglass cloth

The feasibility of photocatalytic degradation of organochlorine compounds using TiO 2 supported on fiberglass cloth as a photocatalyst was studied. The results showed that 2 0×10 -4 mol/dm 3 of dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene can be completely photocatalytically degraded within a short time under illumination with a 375W medium pressure mercury lamp. The effects of parameters such as illumination time, initial concentration of organochlorine compounds, amount of air flow and concentration of H 2O 2 on the photocatalytic degradation were investigated. The TiO 2 supported on the fiberglass was not easily detached and after 500h illumination there was no significant loss of photocatalytic activity of TiO 2. The passible mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation were discussed.

Oxygen vacancy control of electrical,optical,and magnetic properties of Fe_(0.05)Ti_(0.95)O_(2) epitaxial films

High-quality Fe-doped TiO_(2) films are epitaxially grown on MgF_(2) substrates by pulsed laser deposition.The x-ray diffraction and Raman spectra prove that they are of pure rutile phase.High-resolution transmission electron microscopy(TEM)further demonstrates that the epitaxial relationship between rutile-phased TiO_(2) and MgF_(2) substrates is 110 TiO_(2)||110 MgF_(2).The room temperature ferromagnetism is detected by alternative gradient magnetometer.By increasing the ambient oxygen pressure,magnetization shows that it decreases monotonically while absorption edge shows a red shift.The transport property measurement demonstrates a strong correlation between magnetization and carrier concentration.The influence of ambient oxygen pressure on magnetization can be well explained by a modified bound magnetization polarization model.

The effects of radio frequency atmospheric pressure plasma and thermal treatment on the hydrogenation of TiO_(2) thin film

The effects of radio frequency(RF)atmospheric pressure(AP)He/H_(2)plasma and thermal treatment on the hydrogenation of TiO_(2)thin films were investigated and compared in this work.The color of the original TiO_(2)film changes from white to black after being hydrogenated in He/H_(2)plasma at160 W(gas temperature~381℃)within 5 min,while the color of the thermally treated TiO_(2)film did not change significantly even in pure H_(2)or He/H_(2)atmosphere with higher temperature(470℃)and longer time(30 min).This indicated that a more effective hydrogenation reaction happened through RF AP He/H_(2)plasma treatment than through pure H_(2)or He/H_(2)thermal treatment.The color change of TiO_(2)film was measured based on the Commission Internationale d’Eclairage L*a*b*color space system.Hydrogenated TiO_(2)film displayed improved visible light absorption with increased plasma power.The morphology of the cauliflower-like nanoparticles of the TiO_(2)film surface remained unchanged after plasma processing.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the contents of Ti3+species and Ti-OH bonds in the plasma-hydrogenated black TiO_(2)increased compared with those in the thermally treated TiO_(2).X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns and Raman spectra indicated that plasma would destroy the crystal structure of the TiO_(2)surface layer,while thermal annealing would increase the overall crystallinity.The different trends of XRD and Raman spectra results suggested that plasma modification on the TiO_(2)surface layer is more drastic than on its inner layer,which was also consistent with transmission electron microscopy results.Optical emission spectra results suggest that numerous active species were generated during RF AP He/H_(2)plasma processing,while there were no peaks detected from thermal processing.A possible mechanism for the TiO_(2)hydrogenation process by plasma has been proposed.Numerous active species were generated in the bulk plasma region,accelerated in the sheath region,and bumped toward the TiO_(2)film,which will react with the TiO_(2)surface to form OVs and disordered layers.This leads to the tailoring of the band gap of black TiO_(2)and causes its light absorption to extend into the visible region.

TiO_(2)/CuO Films Obtained by Citrate Precursor Method for Photocatalytic Application

In the present work, the hybrid catalyst films of TiO2/CuO containing up to 10% in mol of copper were deposited onto glass surface. Precursor solutions were obtained by citrate precursor method. Films were porous and the average particle size was 20 nm determined by FEG-SEM analysis. The photocatalytic activities of these films were studied using Rhodamine B as a target compound in a fixed bed reactor developed in our laboratory and UV lamp. It was observed that the addition of copper to TiO2 increased significantly its photocatalytic activity during the oxidation of Rhodamine B. The degradation exceeded 90% within 48 hours of irradiation compared to 38% when pure TiO2 was used. Moreover, there was a reduction in the particles band gap energy when compared to that of pure TiO2. These results indicate that the TiO2/CuO films are promising catalysts for the development of fixed bed reactors to be used to treat effluents containing azo dyes.

纳米TiO_(2)对NH_(3)-H_(2)O-LiBr工质降膜吸收性能的影响

为了探讨纳米TiO_(2)对三元NH_(3)-H_(2)O-LiBr工质降膜吸收的影响,本文利用数值分析建立了三元工作流体薄膜吸收的连续方程、能量方程和组分质量平衡方程,采用Matlab软件进行编程和计算纳米流体的降膜吸收性能,将其与实验数据进行对比验证,并进一步分析了纳米TiO_(2)质量分数、初始氨浓度、初始温度、冷却水进口温度、吸收压力和下降薄膜管长度对薄膜吸收性能的影响。研究表明:添加纳米TiO_(2)可以增强降膜吸收的传质速率,主要原因为液膜中氨的扩散系数增加。当纳米TiO_(2)质量分数从0%增加到0.1%、0.3%和0.5%时,扩散系数分别增加了3.44倍、6.42倍和11.76倍。此外,增加初始氨浓度、降低初始温度、提高冷却水进口温度或降低吸收压力都可以提高最终溶液的饱和度。

(Ag,Cu)/TiO_(2)汽车玻璃隔热膜的制备与表征

利用磁控溅射技术制备由金属(Ag,Cu)膜、介质层TiO_(2)膜组成的双层汽车玻璃隔热膜样品。利用单因素分析法考察了溅射时间、溅射功率和Ar溅射流量三个因素对(Ag,Cu)/TiO_(2)汽车玻璃隔热膜透光隔热性能的影响。实验结果表明,在在本底真空度3×10^(-3) Pa,溅射气压2.1 Pa条件下,靶基距均为70 mm时,金属(Ag,Cu)膜溅射时间18 s,溅射功率80 W,Ar溅射流量20 sccm;介质层TiO_(2)膜溅射时间50 min,溅射功率115 W,溅射流量25 sccm时,(Ag,Cu)/TiO_(2)汽车玻璃隔热膜的透光隔热性能最佳。

氧分压和温度对CaO-SiO_(2)-TiO_(x)渣系钛组元价态及赋存相的影响

从含钛高炉渣中绿色高效提取钛资源是实现高附加值钛制品持续开发的有力保障,目前与含钛氧化物渣系相关的关键热力学数据匮乏,严重制约了相关提钛工艺的开发。本文基于典型含钛高炉渣成分及矿物特征,结合FactSage 8.2热力学软件的“Phase Diagram”模块和“FactPS”、“FToxid”数据库,计算分析了含钛矿物在高炉不同区域还原过程中钛赋存相的变化规律,并进一步计算分析了1400~1600℃下0.21~10^(-18)atm氧分压范围内CaO-SiO_(2)-TiO_(x)渣系平衡相的演变规律。结果表明,当温度一定时,随着氧分压的降低,液相区范围先增大后减小,钛的氧化物被逐级还原;当氧分压一定时,随着温度的增加,液相区逐渐变大,液相与钙钛矿两相共存区随温度升高先小幅增大后小幅缩小,且向w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2))比增大的方向移动,液相与金红石两相共存区先大幅增大后小幅缩小。本文结果对于深入理解含钛赋存相在不同工艺参数下的演变规律,进而开发更加绿色高效钛资源提取工艺具有重要意义。