A niobium-modified layer on pure titanium surface was obtained by means of double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The modified layer was uniform, continuous, compact and well adhered to the substrate. The niob...A niobium-modified layer on pure titanium surface was obtained by means of double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The modified layer was uniform, continuous, compact and well adhered to the substrate. The niobium composition in the modified layer decreased gradually from the surface to the substrate. The oxidation behavior of the niobium-modified layer was investigated and com- pared with the untreated surface at 900 ~C for 100 h. Characterization of the layers was performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The test results show that the oxidation behavior of pure titanium was improved by niobium alloying process. Niobium has a positive influence on the oxidation resistance.展开更多
This work addresses the alloying of titanium aluminides used in aircraft engine applications and automobiles. The oxidation resistance behavior of two titanium aluminides of α2 ＋ γ （Ti3Al ＋ TiAl） and orthorhombi...This work addresses the alloying of titanium aluminides used in aircraft engine applications and automobiles. The oxidation resistance behavior of two titanium aluminides of α2 ＋ γ （Ti3Al ＋ TiAl） and orthorhombic Ti2NbAl, recognized as candidates for high-temperature applications, was investigated by exposure of the alloys for 100 h in air. Thus, oxidation resistance was expressed as the mass gain rate, whereas surface aspects were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the type of oxidation products was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The orthorhombic Ti2NbAl alloy was embrittled, and pores and microcracks were formed as a result of oxygen diffusion through the external oxide layer formed during thermal oxidation for 100 h.展开更多
Niobium doped titanium oxide (TiO2) colloid was synthesized to fabricate a hydrogen gas sensor layer on oxidized silicon wafer substrate. The layers were obtained using spin coating technique and then heated in air at...Niobium doped titanium oxide (TiO2) colloid was synthesized to fabricate a hydrogen gas sensor layer on oxidized silicon wafer substrate. The layers were obtained using spin coating technique and then heated in air at 500°C for 30 min. The doping of TiO2 led to a significant enhancement of the sensitivity of the layer especially at low operating temperature. The effect of doping was found effective of operating the sensor at relatively low temperature (150°C). The layers show a very smooth nanostructure with average roughness of less than 0.5 nm. The behavior of the sensing characteristics of such layers was discussed related to their chemical compositions, morphology and their crystalline structure. The morphological and structural characteristics of the layers were studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM).展开更多
To understand the effect of alloy stoichiometry on the microstructural development and mechanical behavior of γ-TiAl- based materials, it is necessary to have a determination of the phase relationships for the TiAl ...To understand the effect of alloy stoichiometry on the microstructural development and mechanical behavior of γ-TiAl- based materials, it is necessary to have a determination of the phase relationships for the TiAl alloy system near the γ phase field. Cast structures and phases of Ti-(43-47)Al-8Nb-(1-2)Mn (at%) alloys have been studied by using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Their solidification path and microstructure development during the solidification were analyzed. The experimental results show that the alloys with different Al contents form different macrostructures and microstructural morphologies. This indi- cates that the solidification paths are different with different Al contents. The alloy with 43Al forms equiaxed grain structure, and the solidification path is as follows: L —? L+β —? β —? α+β —> α+β cores —> O2+γ+B2 cores. Whereas the alloy with 47Al forms colum- nar grain structure, and the solidification path is as follows: L —> L+β —? α+β+L —? α+γ+β cores —> tXj+γ+BZ cores. The p phase is their primary solid phase and can be retained to ambient temperature. The alloy with 43Al solidifies completely into β phase. The peritectic reactions L+P —> α and L+α-? γ appear when the Al content increases to 47Al.展开更多
[目的]通过体内实验的方法对新型β型钛合金(Ti-Nb-Zr)骨折内固定材料的生物相容性进行评价。[方法](1)改良的鼠气囊模型(the air pouch model):健康成年SD大鼠24只,皮下充气造模后将钛铌铣β型钛合金(Ti-Nb-Zr)颗粒混悬液注入气囊,收...[目的]通过体内实验的方法对新型β型钛合金(Ti-Nb-Zr)骨折内固定材料的生物相容性进行评价。[方法](1)改良的鼠气囊模型(the air pouch model):健康成年SD大鼠24只,皮下充气造模后将钛铌铣β型钛合金(Ti-Nb-Zr)颗粒混悬液注入气囊,收集囊内液体采用ELISA方法测定IL-6和TNF-α,用囊壁组织学切片进行炎症细胞反应分级和囊壁厚度测量,并与传统的钛铅钒合金(Ti-6Al-4V)进行比较。(2)接骨板植入模型:将Ti-Nb-Zr做成接骨板固定在兔的胫骨上,于手术后4、8、12、24、36周分别观察接骨板周围的纤维膜形成情况和Ti-Nb-Zr-骨界面骨结合情况,并与不锈钢接骨板比较。[结果](1)Ti-6Al-4V、Ti-Nb-Zr两种颗粒注入气囊48h后都能引起TNF-α分泌量显著升高(P<0·05),两组比较,Ti-6Al-4V组明显高于Ti-Nb-Zr组(P<0·05)。两种材料均不能引起IL-6分泌的显著增加(P>0·05)。Ti-Nb-Zr组气囊囊壁厚度明显小于Ti-6Al-4V组(P<0·001)。(2)Ti-Nb-Zr接骨板周围软组织反应与不锈钢相近。植入后4周,新生骨痂开始覆盖Ti-Nb-Zr接骨板的两侧,8周时骨痂甚至部分覆盖接骨板和螺钉的表面形成"骨盖板"现象。12周时,骨与Ti-Nb-Zr接骨板的界面为直接接触,中间无软组织间隔。螺钉与骨也能形成较为牢固的钉-骨直接接触。[结论]低弹性模量Ti-Nb-Zrβ钛合金具有优良的体内组织相容性,是一种有前途的骨折内固定材料。展开更多
文摘A niobium-modified layer on pure titanium surface was obtained by means of double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The modified layer was uniform, continuous, compact and well adhered to the substrate. The niobium composition in the modified layer decreased gradually from the surface to the substrate. The oxidation behavior of the niobium-modified layer was investigated and com- pared with the untreated surface at 900 ~C for 100 h. Characterization of the layers was performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The test results show that the oxidation behavior of pure titanium was improved by niobium alloying process. Niobium has a positive influence on the oxidation resistance.
基金funded by National Project PCCA contract No.65/2012POS-CCE O 2.2.1 project INFRANANOCHEM-No 19/January 3,2009 of the EU(ERDF)and Romanian Government
文摘This work addresses the alloying of titanium aluminides used in aircraft engine applications and automobiles. The oxidation resistance behavior of two titanium aluminides of α2 ＋ γ （Ti3Al ＋ TiAl） and orthorhombic Ti2NbAl, recognized as candidates for high-temperature applications, was investigated by exposure of the alloys for 100 h in air. Thus, oxidation resistance was expressed as the mass gain rate, whereas surface aspects were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the type of oxidation products was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The orthorhombic Ti2NbAl alloy was embrittled, and pores and microcracks were formed as a result of oxygen diffusion through the external oxide layer formed during thermal oxidation for 100 h.
文摘Niobium doped titanium oxide (TiO2) colloid was synthesized to fabricate a hydrogen gas sensor layer on oxidized silicon wafer substrate. The layers were obtained using spin coating technique and then heated in air at 500°C for 30 min. The doping of TiO2 led to a significant enhancement of the sensitivity of the layer especially at low operating temperature. The effect of doping was found effective of operating the sensor at relatively low temperature (150°C). The layers show a very smooth nanostructure with average roughness of less than 0.5 nm. The behavior of the sensing characteristics of such layers was discussed related to their chemical compositions, morphology and their crystalline structure. The morphological and structural characteristics of the layers were studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM).
基金This research was sponsored by the State Key Project for Fundamental Research Developing Plan (No.G2000067206-2) and theNational Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50274005).
文摘To understand the effect of alloy stoichiometry on the microstructural development and mechanical behavior of γ-TiAl- based materials, it is necessary to have a determination of the phase relationships for the TiAl alloy system near the γ phase field. Cast structures and phases of Ti-(43-47)Al-8Nb-(1-2)Mn (at%) alloys have been studied by using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Their solidification path and microstructure development during the solidification were analyzed. The experimental results show that the alloys with different Al contents form different macrostructures and microstructural morphologies. This indi- cates that the solidification paths are different with different Al contents. The alloy with 43Al forms equiaxed grain structure, and the solidification path is as follows: L —? L+β —? β —? α+β —> α+β cores —> O2+γ+B2 cores. Whereas the alloy with 47Al forms colum- nar grain structure, and the solidification path is as follows: L —> L+β —? α+β+L —? α+γ+β cores —> tXj+γ+BZ cores. The p phase is their primary solid phase and can be retained to ambient temperature. The alloy with 43Al solidifies completely into β phase. The peritectic reactions L+P —> α and L+α-? γ appear when the Al content increases to 47Al.
文摘[目的]通过体内实验的方法对新型β型钛合金(Ti-Nb-Zr)骨折内固定材料的生物相容性进行评价。[方法](1)改良的鼠气囊模型(the air pouch model):健康成年SD大鼠24只,皮下充气造模后将钛铌铣β型钛合金(Ti-Nb-Zr)颗粒混悬液注入气囊,收集囊内液体采用ELISA方法测定IL-6和TNF-α,用囊壁组织学切片进行炎症细胞反应分级和囊壁厚度测量,并与传统的钛铅钒合金(Ti-6Al-4V)进行比较。(2)接骨板植入模型:将Ti-Nb-Zr做成接骨板固定在兔的胫骨上,于手术后4、8、12、24、36周分别观察接骨板周围的纤维膜形成情况和Ti-Nb-Zr-骨界面骨结合情况,并与不锈钢接骨板比较。[结果](1)Ti-6Al-4V、Ti-Nb-Zr两种颗粒注入气囊48h后都能引起TNF-α分泌量显著升高(P<0·05),两组比较,Ti-6Al-4V组明显高于Ti-Nb-Zr组(P<0·05)。两种材料均不能引起IL-6分泌的显著增加(P>0·05)。Ti-Nb-Zr组气囊囊壁厚度明显小于Ti-6Al-4V组(P<0·001)。(2)Ti-Nb-Zr接骨板周围软组织反应与不锈钢相近。植入后4周,新生骨痂开始覆盖Ti-Nb-Zr接骨板的两侧,8周时骨痂甚至部分覆盖接骨板和螺钉的表面形成"骨盖板"现象。12周时,骨与Ti-Nb-Zr接骨板的界面为直接接触,中间无软组织间隔。螺钉与骨也能形成较为牢固的钉-骨直接接触。[结论]低弹性模量Ti-Nb-Zrβ钛合金具有优良的体内组织相容性,是一种有前途的骨折内固定材料。
