The cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase(CKX)enzyme is essential for controlling thefluctuating levels of endogen-ous cytokinin(CK)and has a significant impact on different aspects of plant growth and development.Nonethe-les...The cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase(CKX)enzyme is essential for controlling thefluctuating levels of endogen-ous cytokinin(CK)and has a significant impact on different aspects of plant growth and development.Nonethe-less,there is limited knowledge about CKX genes in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.).Here we performed genome-wide identification and analysis of nine SlCKX family members in tomatoes using bioinformatics tools.The results revealed that nine SlCKX genes were unevenly distributed onfive chromosomes(Chr.1,Chr.4,Chr.8,Chr.10,and Chr.12).The amino acid length,isoelectric points,and molecular weight of the nine SlCKX proteins ranged from 453 to 553,5.77 to 8.59,and 51.661 to 62.494 kD,respectively.Subcellular localization analysis indi-cated that SlCKX2 proteins were located in both the vacuole and cytoplasmic matrix;SlCKX3 and SlCKX5 pro-teins were located in the vacuole;and SlCKX1,4,6,7,8,and 9 proteins were located in the cytoplasmic matrix.Furthermore,we observed differences in the gene structures and phylogenetic relationships of SlCKX proteins among different members.SlCKX1-9 were positioned on two out of the three branches of the CKX phylogenetic tree in the multispecies phylogenetic tree construction,revealing their strong conservation within phylogenetic subgroups.Unique patterns of expression of CKX genes were noticed in callus cultures exposed to varying con-centrations of exogenous ZT,suggesting their roles in specific developmental and physiological functions in the regeneration system.These results may facilitate subsequent functional analysis of SlCKX genes and provide valu-able insights for establishing an efficient regeneration system for tomatoes.展开更多
The WRKY transcription factor gene family is one of the unique gene families in plants.It plays an important role in response to abiotic stresses such as cold and drought,hormone signal transduction,regulation of bios...The WRKY transcription factor gene family is one of the unique gene families in plants.It plays an important role in response to abiotic stresses such as cold and drought,hormone signal transduction,regulation of biosynthesis,leaf senescence seed germination,etc.However,little information is available about WRKY transcription factors in Verbena bonariensis.In this study,70 VbWRKY genes were identified from the whole genome.The phylogenetic analysis of the WRKY gene family in V.bonariensis and Arabidopsis shows that the WRKY genes in V.bonariensis can be divided into three groups:I,II,and III,which contain 13,47,and 10 members,respectively.Group II can be further divided into five subclasses:IIa(5),IIb(10),IIc(18),IId(6),and IIe(8).Conservative motif analysis showed that 64 proteins encoded by the VbWRKY gene had conserved motifs 1,2 and 3,and the same subclass motif elements were approximately the same.The collinearity analysis showed that there were 44 homologous gene pairs among the VbWRKYs,and these homologous gene pairs may have the same function.Promoter sequence analysis showed that the VbWRKY gene has multiple cis-acting elements,including not only cis-acting elements related to low-temperature and light responses,but also cis-acting elements related to hormone regulation,Among them,most VbWRKY genes contain response elements about low-temperature,and 30 VbWRKY genes contain low-temperature response elements(LTR),and 61 VbWRKY genes contain abscisic acid response elements(ABRE),indicating that VbWRKY plays a crucial role in plant growth and abiotic stress.According to the expression of VbWRKY in the cold stress and different tissues transcriptome,70 VbWRKY genes played their respective roles in various tissues and stages to regulate plant growth,Also,some of them participated in the process of cold stress tolerance,52 VbWRKYs showed significant differences in expression under cold stress,and 37 VbWRKY genes were up-regulated under cold stress.9 VbWRKY genes were selected for quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)analysis under low-temperature stress,and the results showed that all 9 genes were upregulated under low-temperature stress.Ultimately,the present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the predicted V.bonariensis WRKY genes family,which provided a theoretical basis for the study of low-temperature resistance and growth and development of V.bonariensis.展开更多
Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable...Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable in the domain of cosmetic packaging design.Objective:To explore innovative product family modeling methods and configuration design processes to improve the efficiency of enterprise cosmetic packaging design and develop the design for mass customization.Methods:To accomplish this objective,the basic-element theory has been introduced and applied to the design and development system of the product family.Results:By examining the mapping relationships between the demand domain,functional domain,technology domain,and structure domain,four interrelated models have been developed,including the demand model,functional model,technology model,and structure model.Together,these models form the mechanism and methodology of product family modeling,specifically for cosmetic packaging design.Through an analysis of a case study on men’s cosmetic packaging design,the feasibility of the proposed product family modeling technology has been demonstrated in terms of customized cosmetic packaging design,and the design efficiency has been enhanced.Conclusion:The product family modeling technology employs a formalized element as a module configuration design language,permeating throughout the entire development cycle of cosmetic packaging design,thus facilitating a structured and modularized configuration design process for the product family system.The application of the basic-element principle in product family modeling technology contributes to the enrichment of the research field surrounding cosmetic packaging product family configuration design,while also providing valuable methods and references for enterprises aiming to elevate the efficiency of cosmetic packaging design for the mass customization product model.展开更多
Sepiella japonica is a worldwide marine cuttlefish species of high economic value.S.japonica routinely modifying behaviors in reproductive life,such as rapid aging until death after spawning,has been recognized in art...Sepiella japonica is a worldwide marine cuttlefish species of high economic value.S.japonica routinely modifying behaviors in reproductive life,such as rapid aging until death after spawning,has been recognized in artificial breeding.However,reproductive behavior at the level of genes is rarely reported,thus,the research on the genetic basis of behavior,reproduction,and artificial breeding was limited.We applied RNA-seq in different stages of reproduction to investigate the reason of rapid aging after spawning,pre-maturity,pre-spawning after maturity,and post-spawning.The retinoid X receptor(RXR)gene family in S.japonica was identified,and 1343–1452 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in all 3 stages of reproductive life were identified from pairwise m RNA comparisons.Furthermore,through the GO term and KEGG analysis,S.japonica could handle neuronal development and network formation before maturity and have a functional degradation of neural communication,signal transduction,vision,and gene expression after spawning.Eight Sj RXRαs have been identified and they played different roles in growth development or reproduction.Therefore,the regulation of several channels and receptors is the intrinsic molecular mechanism of rapid aging after spawning in S.japonica.This study revealed the survival strategy and provided fundamental data on the level of genes for understanding the reproductive behavior and the reproduction of S.japonica.展开更多
Background: Fahr’s disease, also recognized as Idiopathic Basal Ganglia Calcification (IBGC) or Primary Familial Brain Calcification (PFBC), was first identified by the German neurologist Karl Theodor Fahr in 1930. T...Background: Fahr’s disease, also recognized as Idiopathic Basal Ganglia Calcification (IBGC) or Primary Familial Brain Calcification (PFBC), was first identified by the German neurologist Karl Theodor Fahr in 1930. This rare condition, which involves the calcification of the basal ganglia and presents significant treatment challenges, is most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged adults and is notably uncommon in children. Purpose: We report a case of a younger patient and review this disease as an aid to early detection and diagnosis of the disease. Case Introduction: In this report, we present a unique case of Fahr’s disease in a child, where epilepsy manifested as the initial symptom during infancy. In this report, we present a case of Fahr’s disease in a child who presented with epilepsy as the first symptom in infancy. The child had no imaging abnormalities at the onset of the seizure, and subsequent antiepileptic drugs were reduced and discontinued, and when the seizure recurred 3 years later, a perfect cranial CT revealed symmetrical calcifications in the brain, which gradually worsened, and subsequently the child was unable to take care of himself and had regression of his psychomotor development, and the family requested discharge from the hospital, and then the child died during the follow-up visit. Conclusion: The disease is currently associated with a number of disorders for which there is no specific treatment, and half of all patients currently have a well-defined gene, emphasizing more importantly the importance of genetic counseling for parents known to be at risk prior to conception.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the associated collateral stigma of the family members of schizophrenia patients and analyze its current status and influencing factors. Methods: The Link Depreciation-Discrimination Percepti...Objective: To investigate the associated collateral stigma of the family members of schizophrenia patients and analyze its current status and influencing factors. Methods: The Link Depreciation-Discrimination Perception Scale was used to investigate the status quo of the associated stigma of the family members of 169 schizophrenia patients diagnosed in 4 hospitals in a certain province. The results of the investigation were analyzed and summarized. Results: The detection rate of stigma associated with the family members of schizophrenia patients was 72.78%, with a score of 28.41 ± 3.92 points. The main influencing factors were the family member’s education level, the patient’s illness duration, the family member’s occupation, and the family-patient relationship. Conclusion: The detection rate of stigma associated with schizophrenia was relatively high. This requires increased attention and appropriate nursing intervention.展开更多
This paper examines the metaphorical part of“The Jade King:History of a Chinese Muslim Family”,Hoda’s novel,under the guidance of Newmark’s theory of metaphor.Newmark proposes six categories of metaphors,namely De...This paper examines the metaphorical part of“The Jade King:History of a Chinese Muslim Family”,Hoda’s novel,under the guidance of Newmark’s theory of metaphor.Newmark proposes six categories of metaphors,namely Dead Metaphor,ClichéMetaphor,Stock or Standard Metaphor,Adapted Metaphor,Recent Metaphor,Original Metaphor;and seven strategies of metaphor translation,including reproducing the same image in the target language,replacing the image in the source language with a standard target language image,translation of metaphor by simile,translation of metaphor(or simile)by simile plus sense,conversion of metaphor to sense,deletion and same metaphor combined with sense.They can provide a strong theoretical support for analyzing the expressions of metaphors in novels and their translation methods.By deeply analyzing the expressions of metaphor and its translation methods in novels,it not only helps to understand the metaphorical meaning and cultural connotation of the original works,but also helps to explore the cultural differences and challenges faced by English and Chinese bilingualism in the process of metaphor translation,thereby significantly improving the translation level and promoting the development of translation research.展开更多
The main active components of ginseng are ginsenosides,which play significant roles in treating cardiovascular diseases,cancer,and providing antioxidant effects.Ginsenosides are primarily synthesized through the mevalo...The main active components of ginseng are ginsenosides,which play significant roles in treating cardiovascular diseases,cancer,and providing antioxidant effects.Ginsenosides are primarily synthesized through the mevalo-nate pathway and the methylerythritol phosphate pathway.Many key enzyme genes involved in this biosynthetic process have been cloned and validated,yet the regulatory functions of transcription factors remain unclear.The C_(2)H_(2)-type zincfinger protein family,one of the largest families of transcription factors,is crucial in plant growth and development,response to biotic and abiotic stresses,and regulation of secondary metabolism.This study,based on the ginseng transcriptome database from Jilin,conducted a correlation analysis between the expression levels of PgZFPs genes in the Jilin ginseng C_(2)H_(2)-type zincfinger protein family and ginsenoside content,a gen-ome-wide association study of PgZFPs,and co-expression analysis of PgZFPs with validated key enzyme genes.Ultimately,five candidate genes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis were identified.The involvement of PgZFP27 and PgZFP-59-02 genes from the PgZFPs family in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides was validated through in vitro methyl jasmonate(MeJA)induction experiments.This result provides new genetic resources for the biosynthesis of ginsenosides.展开更多
Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma(KIRC)is a malignant tumor that carries a substantial risk of morbidity and mortality.The MMP family assumes a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis.This study aimed to uncover...Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma(KIRC)is a malignant tumor that carries a substantial risk of morbidity and mortality.The MMP family assumes a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis.This study aimed to uncover the mechanistic relevance of the MMP gene family as a therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma(KIRC)through a comprehensive approach encompassing both computational and molecular analyses.STRING,Cytoscape,UALCAN,GEPIA,OncoDB,HPA,cBioPortal,GSEA,TIMER,ENCORI,DrugBank,targeted bisulfite sequencing(bisulfite-seq),conventional PCR,Sanger sequencing,and RT-qPCR based analyses were used in the present study to analyze MMP gene family members to accurately determine a few hub genes that can be utilized as both therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers for KIRC.By performing STRING and Cytohubba analyses of the 24 MMP gene family members,MMP2(matrix metallopeptidase 2),MMP9(matrix metallopeptidase 9),MMP12(matrix metallopeptidase 12),and MMP16(matrix metallopeptidase 16)genes were denoted as hub genes having highest degree scores.After analyzing MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16 via various TCGA databases and RT-qPCR technique across clinical samples and KIRC cell lines,interestingly,all these hub genes were found significantly overexpressed at mRNA and protein levels in KIRC samples relative to controls.The notable effect of the up-regulated MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16 was also documented on the overall survival(OS)of the KIRC patients.Moreover,targeted bisulfite-sequencing(bisulfite-seq)analysis revealed that promoter hypomethylation pattern was associated with up-regulation of hub genes(MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16).In addition to this,hub genes were involved in various diverse oncogenic pathways.The MMP gene family members(MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16)may serve as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers in KIRC.展开更多
Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is an ancient oilseed crop of the Pedaliaceae family with high oil content and potential health benefits.SHI RELATED SEQUENCE(SRS)proteins are the transcription factors(TFs)specific to plants...Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is an ancient oilseed crop of the Pedaliaceae family with high oil content and potential health benefits.SHI RELATED SEQUENCE(SRS)proteins are the transcription factors(TFs)specific to plants that contain RING-like zinc finger domain and are associated with the regulation of several physiological and biochemical processes.They also play vital roles in plant growth and development such as root formation,leaf development,floral development,hormone biosynthesis,signal transduction,and biotic and abiotic stress responses.Nevertheless,the SRS gene family was not reported in sesame yet.In this study,identification,molecular characterization,phylogenetic relationship,cis-acting regulatory elements,protein-protein interaction,syntenic relationship,duplication events and expression pattern of SRS genes were analyzed in S.indicum.We identified total six SiSRS genes on seven different linkage groups in the S.indicum genome by comparing with the other species,including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.The SiSRS genes showed variation in their structure like2–5 exons and 1–4 introns.Like other species,SiSRS proteins also contained‘RING-like zinc finger'and‘LRP1'domains.Then,the SiSRS genes were clustered into subclasses via phylogenetic analysis with proteins of S.indicum,A.thaliana,and some other plant species.The cis-acting regulatory elements analysis revealed that the promoter region of SiSRS4(SIN_1011561)showed the highest 13 and 16 elements for light-and phytohormone-responses whereas,SiSRS1(SIN_1015187)showed the highest 15 elements for stress-response.The ABREs,or ABA-responsive elements,were found in a maximum of 8 copies in the SiSRS3(SIN 1009100).Moreover,the available RNA-seq based expression of SiSRS genes revealed variation in expression patterns between stress-treated and non-treated samples,especially in drought and salinity conditions in.S.indicum.Two SiSRS genes like SiSRS1(SIN_1015187)and SiSRS5(SIN_1021065),also exhibited variable expression patterns between control vs PEG-treated sesame root samples and three SiSRS genes,including SiSRS1(SIN_1015187),SiSRS2(SIN_1003328)and SiSRS5(SIN_1021065)were responsive to salinity treatments.The present outcomes will encourage more research into the gene expression and functionality analysis of SiSRS genes in S.indicum and other related species.展开更多
In plants,the lysine and histidine transporter(LHT)family represent a class of proteins that mediate the uptake,translocation,and utilization of amino acids.The tea plant(Camellia sinensis)is a perennial evergreen wit...In plants,the lysine and histidine transporter(LHT)family represent a class of proteins that mediate the uptake,translocation,and utilization of amino acids.The tea plant(Camellia sinensis)is a perennial evergreen with a relatively high level of amino acids.However,systematic identification and molecular characterization of the LHT gene family has rarely been reported in tea plants.In this study,22 CsLHTs were identified from the‘Shuchazao’genome and classified into two groups.The modeled three-dimensional structure and the conserved domains presented a high similarity among the LHTs proteins.Moreover,it was predicted that a few genes were conserved through the analysis of the physiochemical characters,structures and cis-elements in promoters.The expression patterns in tea plants revealed that CsLHT7 was mainly expressed in the roots,and CsLHT4 and CsLHT11 exhibited relatively high expression in both the roots and leaves.Moreover,the expression of all three genes could be induced by organic nitrogen.Additionally,heterogeneous expression of CsLHT4,CsLHT7 and CsLHT11 in Arabidopsis thaliana decreased the aerial parts biomass compared with that in WT plants while significantly increased the rosette biomass only for CsLHT11transgenic plants versus WT plants.Overall,our results provide fundamental information about CsLHTs and potential genes in N utilization for further analysis in tea plants.展开更多
The inter-urban competition seems to be of paramount importance for city-development today. The extensive reliance of competitiveness-oriented urban governance agendas on the knowledge-based, "new" economy, introduc...The inter-urban competition seems to be of paramount importance for city-development today. The extensive reliance of competitiveness-oriented urban governance agendas on the knowledge-based, "new" economy, introduced the notion of "creativity" into discussion on the future of urban development. Though still on the margins of serious urban theory, the discourse on "creative cities" that emerged in the early 2000s, has already had massive influence on the ways in which cities are managed and transformed in Europe. After examination of how the competitiveness-oriented strategies based on creativity and related to the qualities of place increase cultural and social sustainability of urban transformation and development, this paper briefly rethinks the current urban development policy of the city of Sarajevo in relation to the notion of "place", by leaning on the contemporary European urban development paradigm. The conclusion points out that the sustainable increase of urban competitiveness in Sarajevo should be pursued by the development projects of urban transformation promoting creative knowledge sector, based on the inclusive cultural urban narratives related to places, thus assuring simultaneous growth of creative knowledge industries and preservation of diverse social geography.展开更多
Grapes,one of the oldest tree species globally,are rich in vitamins.However,environmental conditions such as low temperature and soil salinization significantly affect grape yield and quality.The glutamate receptor(GLR...Grapes,one of the oldest tree species globally,are rich in vitamins.However,environmental conditions such as low temperature and soil salinization significantly affect grape yield and quality.The glutamate receptor(GLR)family,comprising highly conserved ligand-gated ion channels,regulates plant growth and development in response to stress.In this study,11 members of the VvGLR gene family in grapes were identified using whole-genome sequence analysis.Bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze the basic physical and chemical properties,phylogenetic trees,conserved domains,motifs,expression patterns,and evolutionary relationships.Phylogenetic and collinear analyses revealed that the VvGLRs were divided into three subgroups,showing the high conservation of the grape GLR family.These members exhibited 2 glutamate receptor binding regions(GABAb and GluR)and 3-4 transmembrane regions(M1,M2,M3,and M4).Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated the sensitivity of all VvGLRs to low temperature and salt stress.Subsequent localization studies in Nicotiana tabacum verified that VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 proteins were located on the cell membrane and cell nucleus.Additionally,yeast transformation experiments confirmed the functionality of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 in response to low temperature and salt stress.Thesefindings highlight the significant role of the GLR family,a highly conserved group of ion channels,in enhancing grape stress resistance.This study offers new insights into the grape GLR gene family,providing fundamental knowledge for further functional analysis and breeding of stress-resistant grapevines.展开更多
Skeletal muscles are essential for locomotion,posture,and metabolic regulation.To understand physiological processes,exercise adaptation,and muscle-related disorders,it is critical to understand the molecular pathways...Skeletal muscles are essential for locomotion,posture,and metabolic regulation.To understand physiological processes,exercise adaptation,and muscle-related disorders,it is critical to understand the molecular pathways that underlie skeletal muscle function.The process of muscle contra ction,orchestrated by a complex interplay of molecular events,is at the core of skeletal muscle function.Muscle contraction is initiated by an action potential and neuromuscular transmission requiring a neuromuscular junction.Within muscle fibers,calcium ions play a critical role in mediating the interaction between actin and myosin filaments that generate force.Regulation of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in excitation-contraction coupling.The development and growth of skeletal muscle are regulated by a network of molecular pathways collectively known as myogenesis.Myogenic regulators coordinate the diffe rentiation of myoblasts into mature muscle fibers.Signaling pathways regulate muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy in response to mechanical stimuli and nutrient availability.Seve ral muscle-related diseases,including congenital myasthenic disorders,sarcopenia,muscular dystrophies,and metabolic myopathies,are underpinned by dys regulated molecular pathways in skeletal muscle.Therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving muscle mass and function,enhancing regeneration,and improving metabolic health hold promise by targeting specific molecular pathways.Other molecular signaling pathways in skeletal muscle include the canonical Wnt signaling pathway,a critical regulator of myogenesis,muscle regeneration,and metabolic function,and the Hippo signaling pathway.In recent years,more details have been uncovered about the role of these two pathways during myogenesis and in developing and adult skeletal muscle fibers,and at the neuromuscular junction.In fact,research in the last few years now suggests that these two signaling pathways are interconnected and that they jointly control physiological and pathophysiological processes in muscle fibers.In this review,we will summarize and discuss the data on these two pathways,focusing on their concerted action next to their contribution to skeletal muscle biology.However,an in-depth discussion of the noncanonical Wnt pathway,the fibro/a dipogenic precursors,or the mechanosensory aspects of these pathways is not the focus of this review.展开更多
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs)regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology.However,there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer(GC...BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs)regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology.However,there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer(GC).AIM To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miRNA-145-5p(miR145-5p)in the progression of GC.METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect miRNA expression in human GC tissues and cells.The ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade was assessed using wound-healing and transwell assays,respectively.Cell proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays,and apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry.Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated protein was determined by Western blot.Targets of miR-145-5p were predicated using bioinformatics analysis and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter system.Serpin family E member 1(SERPINE1)expression in GC tissues and cells was evaluated using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between SERPINE1 expression and overall patient survival was determined using Kaplan-Meier plot analysis.The association between SERPINE1 and GC progression was also tested.A rescue experiment of SERPINE1 overexpression was conducted to verify the relationship between this protein and miR-145-5p.The mechanism by which miR-145-5p influences GC progression was further explored by assessing tumor formation in nude mice.RESULTS GC tissues and cells had reduced miR-145-5p expression and SERPINE1 was identified as a direct target of this miRNA.Overexpression of miR-145-5p was associated with decreased GC cell proliferation,invasion,migration,and EMT,and these effects were reversed by forcing SERPINE1 expression.Kaplan-Meier plot analysis revealed that patients with higher SERPINE1 expression had a shorter survival rate than those with lower SERPINE1 expression.Nude mouse tumorigenesis experiments confirmed that miR-145-5p targets SERPINE1 to regulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2(ERK1/2).CONCLUSION This study found that miR-145-5p inhibits tumor progression and is expressed in lower amounts in patients with GC.MiR-145-5p was found to affect GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion by negatively regulating SERPINE1 levels and controlling the ERK1/2 pathway.展开更多
The China No. 1 Pencils Co., Ltd. is a 60-year-old enterprise, specializing in the production of writing implements and makeup pencils, with 1,014 workers and staff. The company has made painstaking efforts to achieve...The China No. 1 Pencils Co., Ltd. is a 60-year-old enterprise, specializing in the production of writing implements and makeup pencils, with 1,014 workers and staff. The company has made painstaking efforts to achieve maximum economic returns since its transformation into a listed company in 1992,展开更多
Background and Purpose: Therapeutic communication is a new term in family health care nursing, defined by Hohashi (2019) as a method of family intervention, and characterized by inclusion of not only verbal conversati...Background and Purpose: Therapeutic communication is a new term in family health care nursing, defined by Hohashi (2019) as a method of family intervention, and characterized by inclusion of not only verbal conversation but also nonverbal interaction. However, specific therapeutic communication methods have not been systematized. The purpose of this study was to clarify therapeutic communication methods for families/family members from the perspectives of verbal communication and non-verbal communication through a review of existing literature. Methods: We conducted a search using the medical literature databases PubMed and Ichushi-Web using the keywords “therapeutic communication”. Analysis was performed on seven articles from PubMed and 14 articles from Ichushi-Web that described therapeutic communication methods performed by healthcare professionals for families/family members. Through directed content analysis, therapeutic communication methods were subcategorized, and classified into three categories: verbal communication, non-verbal communication, and verbal/non-verbal communication. Results: A total of 23 subcategories were extracted. Verbal communication included 11 subcategories, such as “asking questions using the communicatee’s words as they are”. Non-verbal communication included five subcategories, such as “noticing changes in the content of the communicatee’s story”. And verbal/non-verbal communication featured seven subcategories, such as “making the communicatee aware of one’s own beliefs”. Conclusion: Therapeutic communication methods included basic care/caring in family interviews/meetings, as well as verbal communication and non-verbal communication that act on family/family members’ beliefs. It is believed that changes in family/family members’ beliefs can be used to eliminate, reduce, or improve problematic conditions in the family. .展开更多
Objectives:The arrival of cancer in adolescents and young adults(aged 15 to 24 years)-Adolescents and young adults(AJA)-corresponds to a fragile period during which the adulthood of the young person and the evolution ...Objectives:The arrival of cancer in adolescents and young adults(aged 15 to 24 years)-Adolescents and young adults(AJA)-corresponds to a fragile period during which the adulthood of the young person and the evolution of family ties mobilize the family as a whole.Therefore,cancer,beyond its individual traumatic dimension,affects the whole family,which can modify family ties and family functioning.Our objective is to evaluate family functioning from the complex model evaluating cohesion and adaptability when an adolescent or young adult has cancer.Methods:Adolescents and young adults with cancer(n=41),mothers(n=41),and fathers(n=13)participated in this study.They completed the Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scales(FACES Ⅲ)questionnaire.Family functioning when an aya is ill has been compared to that of families without any disease.Results:a comparison of the mean scores of perceived cohesion and adaptability of face Ⅲ indicates no significant difference for cohesion.In contrast,the averages of the adaptability scores of our sample with those of the general population indicate that families with cancer hais generally feel more“adaptable”than the non-clinical population.These results are statistically significant for AJA,but also for mothers and fathers.Regarding the mean scores of ideal cohesion and ideal adaptability,there are no significant differences between fathers in our sample and fathers in the general population.In contrast,mothers in our sample had less ideal adaptability than those in the general population.In aya patients with cancer,the scores of both adaptability and cohesion were significantly different from those of non-diseased adolescents.Conclusion:Cancer leads to many changes in family relationships,making it difficult to empower the young patient and latent the evolution of the relationship.展开更多
Understanding the foraging behavior is essential for investigating seabird ecology and conservation,as well as monitoring the well-being of the marine environment.Breeding seabirds adopt diverse foraging strategies to...Understanding the foraging behavior is essential for investigating seabird ecology and conservation,as well as monitoring the well-being of the marine environment.Breeding seabirds adopt diverse foraging strategies to maximize energy gains and cope with the intensified challenges of parenting and self-maintenance.Such tradeoff may stem from the heterogeneity of food resources and the constraints of central place foraging.Nevertheless,abundant marine productivity could alleviate the energy limitation for seabirds,resulting in a consistent foraging approach.Here,we investigated the foraging strategy during the breeding season of a cryptic small-sized seabird,Swinhoe’s Storm-petrel(Hydrobates monorhis),in the Yellow Sea,a productive marginal sea of the Northwest Pacific.Using GPS tracking,we evaluated habitat preference,quantified the foraging strategy,and tested if environmental conditions and individual traits influence foraging trips.We found that Swinhoe’s Storm-petrels preferred nearshore areas with shallow water and engaged in primarily short foraging trips.Distinctive southeastward and southwestward strategies emerged when combining trip metrics,including foraging direction,duration,and maximum distance.The bathymetry,proximity to the coastline,and sea surface temperature differed in two foraging strategies.Foraging strategies exhibited flexibility between individuals,potentially explained by wing morphology,in which longer-winged birds are more likely to embark on longer-distance foraging trips.These findings highlight the impact of environmental factors and individual traits on seabirds’foraging decisions in productive marginal sea ecosystems.Our study also provides valuable insights into the foraging ecology of this Asian endemic storm-petrel.展开更多
Introduction: Postpartum family planning is the prevention of pregnancies during the 12 months following childbirth. Few studies have been devoted to postpartum family planning in Mali. Our work will contribute to red...Introduction: Postpartum family planning is the prevention of pregnancies during the 12 months following childbirth. Few studies have been devoted to postpartum family planning in Mali. Our work will contribute to reducing unmet need for family planning. Objective: To study the use of contraceptive methods in the postpartum period in the obstetrics and gynecology unit of Timbuktu hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective collection of data from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023. All women who gave birth having chosen and benefited from a contraceptive method were included. The statistical test used was the Fisher test with a significance threshold fixed at 5%. Results: The frequency of contraception in the postpartum period was 17.03%. The average age of clients was 26.14% with extremes of 14 and 45 years. They were paupiparous at 56.4% with an inter-birth interval of less than 12 months at 12.3%. More than half of the counseling (58.5%) was done during postnatal visits. The methods chosen were implants at 48.1%, injectable progestins at 21.3%, intrauterine device at 14.7%, miro-progestin pills at 13.5%, tubal ligation at 1 .4% and condoms at 1%. The regular follow-up rate was 51.1% of cases and 25.6% had no follow-up. Conclusion: The overall rate of postpartum family planning of 17.08% remains low. Improving FP staff skills will reduce unmet needs and contribute to increasing contraceptive prevalence in Timbuktu.展开更多
基金funded by the Special Project for Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(CXPT2023003)the Freely Explore Scientific and Technology Innovation Program of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ZYTS202207)the Program for Innovative Research Team of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(CXTD2021006-3)。
文摘The cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase(CKX)enzyme is essential for controlling thefluctuating levels of endogen-ous cytokinin(CK)and has a significant impact on different aspects of plant growth and development.Nonethe-less,there is limited knowledge about CKX genes in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.).Here we performed genome-wide identification and analysis of nine SlCKX family members in tomatoes using bioinformatics tools.The results revealed that nine SlCKX genes were unevenly distributed onfive chromosomes(Chr.1,Chr.4,Chr.8,Chr.10,and Chr.12).The amino acid length,isoelectric points,and molecular weight of the nine SlCKX proteins ranged from 453 to 553,5.77 to 8.59,and 51.661 to 62.494 kD,respectively.Subcellular localization analysis indi-cated that SlCKX2 proteins were located in both the vacuole and cytoplasmic matrix;SlCKX3 and SlCKX5 pro-teins were located in the vacuole;and SlCKX1,4,6,7,8,and 9 proteins were located in the cytoplasmic matrix.Furthermore,we observed differences in the gene structures and phylogenetic relationships of SlCKX proteins among different members.SlCKX1-9 were positioned on two out of the three branches of the CKX phylogenetic tree in the multispecies phylogenetic tree construction,revealing their strong conservation within phylogenetic subgroups.Unique patterns of expression of CKX genes were noticed in callus cultures exposed to varying con-centrations of exogenous ZT,suggesting their roles in specific developmental and physiological functions in the regeneration system.These results may facilitate subsequent functional analysis of SlCKX genes and provide valu-able insights for establishing an efficient regeneration system for tomatoes.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160722)the Key Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(QKHJC-ZK[2023]ZD-006).
文摘The WRKY transcription factor gene family is one of the unique gene families in plants.It plays an important role in response to abiotic stresses such as cold and drought,hormone signal transduction,regulation of biosynthesis,leaf senescence seed germination,etc.However,little information is available about WRKY transcription factors in Verbena bonariensis.In this study,70 VbWRKY genes were identified from the whole genome.The phylogenetic analysis of the WRKY gene family in V.bonariensis and Arabidopsis shows that the WRKY genes in V.bonariensis can be divided into three groups:I,II,and III,which contain 13,47,and 10 members,respectively.Group II can be further divided into five subclasses:IIa(5),IIb(10),IIc(18),IId(6),and IIe(8).Conservative motif analysis showed that 64 proteins encoded by the VbWRKY gene had conserved motifs 1,2 and 3,and the same subclass motif elements were approximately the same.The collinearity analysis showed that there were 44 homologous gene pairs among the VbWRKYs,and these homologous gene pairs may have the same function.Promoter sequence analysis showed that the VbWRKY gene has multiple cis-acting elements,including not only cis-acting elements related to low-temperature and light responses,but also cis-acting elements related to hormone regulation,Among them,most VbWRKY genes contain response elements about low-temperature,and 30 VbWRKY genes contain low-temperature response elements(LTR),and 61 VbWRKY genes contain abscisic acid response elements(ABRE),indicating that VbWRKY plays a crucial role in plant growth and abiotic stress.According to the expression of VbWRKY in the cold stress and different tissues transcriptome,70 VbWRKY genes played their respective roles in various tissues and stages to regulate plant growth,Also,some of them participated in the process of cold stress tolerance,52 VbWRKYs showed significant differences in expression under cold stress,and 37 VbWRKY genes were up-regulated under cold stress.9 VbWRKY genes were selected for quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)analysis under low-temperature stress,and the results showed that all 9 genes were upregulated under low-temperature stress.Ultimately,the present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the predicted V.bonariensis WRKY genes family,which provided a theoretical basis for the study of low-temperature resistance and growth and development of V.bonariensis.
基金the Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(Grant No.GD22XYS04).
文摘Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable in the domain of cosmetic packaging design.Objective:To explore innovative product family modeling methods and configuration design processes to improve the efficiency of enterprise cosmetic packaging design and develop the design for mass customization.Methods:To accomplish this objective,the basic-element theory has been introduced and applied to the design and development system of the product family.Results:By examining the mapping relationships between the demand domain,functional domain,technology domain,and structure domain,four interrelated models have been developed,including the demand model,functional model,technology model,and structure model.Together,these models form the mechanism and methodology of product family modeling,specifically for cosmetic packaging design.Through an analysis of a case study on men’s cosmetic packaging design,the feasibility of the proposed product family modeling technology has been demonstrated in terms of customized cosmetic packaging design,and the design efficiency has been enhanced.Conclusion:The product family modeling technology employs a formalized element as a module configuration design language,permeating throughout the entire development cycle of cosmetic packaging design,thus facilitating a structured and modularized configuration design process for the product family system.The application of the basic-element principle in product family modeling technology contributes to the enrichment of the research field surrounding cosmetic packaging product family configuration design,while also providing valuable methods and references for enterprises aiming to elevate the efficiency of cosmetic packaging design for the mass customization product model.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFD0901204)the Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Project(No.2014DFT30120)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.Y14C190008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31101937,31872547)the Science Foundation of Donghai Laboratory(No.DH-2022KF0209)。
文摘Sepiella japonica is a worldwide marine cuttlefish species of high economic value.S.japonica routinely modifying behaviors in reproductive life,such as rapid aging until death after spawning,has been recognized in artificial breeding.However,reproductive behavior at the level of genes is rarely reported,thus,the research on the genetic basis of behavior,reproduction,and artificial breeding was limited.We applied RNA-seq in different stages of reproduction to investigate the reason of rapid aging after spawning,pre-maturity,pre-spawning after maturity,and post-spawning.The retinoid X receptor(RXR)gene family in S.japonica was identified,and 1343–1452 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in all 3 stages of reproductive life were identified from pairwise m RNA comparisons.Furthermore,through the GO term and KEGG analysis,S.japonica could handle neuronal development and network formation before maturity and have a functional degradation of neural communication,signal transduction,vision,and gene expression after spawning.Eight Sj RXRαs have been identified and they played different roles in growth development or reproduction.Therefore,the regulation of several channels and receptors is the intrinsic molecular mechanism of rapid aging after spawning in S.japonica.This study revealed the survival strategy and provided fundamental data on the level of genes for understanding the reproductive behavior and the reproduction of S.japonica.
文摘Background: Fahr’s disease, also recognized as Idiopathic Basal Ganglia Calcification (IBGC) or Primary Familial Brain Calcification (PFBC), was first identified by the German neurologist Karl Theodor Fahr in 1930. This rare condition, which involves the calcification of the basal ganglia and presents significant treatment challenges, is most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged adults and is notably uncommon in children. Purpose: We report a case of a younger patient and review this disease as an aid to early detection and diagnosis of the disease. Case Introduction: In this report, we present a unique case of Fahr’s disease in a child, where epilepsy manifested as the initial symptom during infancy. In this report, we present a case of Fahr’s disease in a child who presented with epilepsy as the first symptom in infancy. The child had no imaging abnormalities at the onset of the seizure, and subsequent antiepileptic drugs were reduced and discontinued, and when the seizure recurred 3 years later, a perfect cranial CT revealed symmetrical calcifications in the brain, which gradually worsened, and subsequently the child was unable to take care of himself and had regression of his psychomotor development, and the family requested discharge from the hospital, and then the child died during the follow-up visit. Conclusion: The disease is currently associated with a number of disorders for which there is no specific treatment, and half of all patients currently have a well-defined gene, emphasizing more importantly the importance of genetic counseling for parents known to be at risk prior to conception.
文摘Objective: To investigate the associated collateral stigma of the family members of schizophrenia patients and analyze its current status and influencing factors. Methods: The Link Depreciation-Discrimination Perception Scale was used to investigate the status quo of the associated stigma of the family members of 169 schizophrenia patients diagnosed in 4 hospitals in a certain province. The results of the investigation were analyzed and summarized. Results: The detection rate of stigma associated with the family members of schizophrenia patients was 72.78%, with a score of 28.41 ± 3.92 points. The main influencing factors were the family member’s education level, the patient’s illness duration, the family member’s occupation, and the family-patient relationship. Conclusion: The detection rate of stigma associated with schizophrenia was relatively high. This requires increased attention and appropriate nursing intervention.
文摘This paper examines the metaphorical part of“The Jade King:History of a Chinese Muslim Family”,Hoda’s novel,under the guidance of Newmark’s theory of metaphor.Newmark proposes six categories of metaphors,namely Dead Metaphor,ClichéMetaphor,Stock or Standard Metaphor,Adapted Metaphor,Recent Metaphor,Original Metaphor;and seven strategies of metaphor translation,including reproducing the same image in the target language,replacing the image in the source language with a standard target language image,translation of metaphor by simile,translation of metaphor(or simile)by simile plus sense,conversion of metaphor to sense,deletion and same metaphor combined with sense.They can provide a strong theoretical support for analyzing the expressions of metaphors in novels and their translation methods.By deeply analyzing the expressions of metaphor and its translation methods in novels,it not only helps to understand the metaphorical meaning and cultural connotation of the original works,but also helps to explore the cultural differences and challenges faced by English and Chinese bilingualism in the process of metaphor translation,thereby significantly improving the translation level and promoting the development of translation research.
基金This work was supported by the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(20240101227JC,20210402043GH,20200801063GH,20190201264JC,20190103104JH,20180414077GH,and 20180101027JC)the Development and Reform Commission of Jilin Province(2016C064 and 2018C047-3).
文摘The main active components of ginseng are ginsenosides,which play significant roles in treating cardiovascular diseases,cancer,and providing antioxidant effects.Ginsenosides are primarily synthesized through the mevalo-nate pathway and the methylerythritol phosphate pathway.Many key enzyme genes involved in this biosynthetic process have been cloned and validated,yet the regulatory functions of transcription factors remain unclear.The C_(2)H_(2)-type zincfinger protein family,one of the largest families of transcription factors,is crucial in plant growth and development,response to biotic and abiotic stresses,and regulation of secondary metabolism.This study,based on the ginseng transcriptome database from Jilin,conducted a correlation analysis between the expression levels of PgZFPs genes in the Jilin ginseng C_(2)H_(2)-type zincfinger protein family and ginsenoside content,a gen-ome-wide association study of PgZFPs,and co-expression analysis of PgZFPs with validated key enzyme genes.Ultimately,five candidate genes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis were identified.The involvement of PgZFP27 and PgZFP-59-02 genes from the PgZFPs family in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides was validated through in vitro methyl jasmonate(MeJA)induction experiments.This result provides new genetic resources for the biosynthesis of ginsenosides.
基金The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project Number(RSP2023R457),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma(KIRC)is a malignant tumor that carries a substantial risk of morbidity and mortality.The MMP family assumes a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis.This study aimed to uncover the mechanistic relevance of the MMP gene family as a therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma(KIRC)through a comprehensive approach encompassing both computational and molecular analyses.STRING,Cytoscape,UALCAN,GEPIA,OncoDB,HPA,cBioPortal,GSEA,TIMER,ENCORI,DrugBank,targeted bisulfite sequencing(bisulfite-seq),conventional PCR,Sanger sequencing,and RT-qPCR based analyses were used in the present study to analyze MMP gene family members to accurately determine a few hub genes that can be utilized as both therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers for KIRC.By performing STRING and Cytohubba analyses of the 24 MMP gene family members,MMP2(matrix metallopeptidase 2),MMP9(matrix metallopeptidase 9),MMP12(matrix metallopeptidase 12),and MMP16(matrix metallopeptidase 16)genes were denoted as hub genes having highest degree scores.After analyzing MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16 via various TCGA databases and RT-qPCR technique across clinical samples and KIRC cell lines,interestingly,all these hub genes were found significantly overexpressed at mRNA and protein levels in KIRC samples relative to controls.The notable effect of the up-regulated MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16 was also documented on the overall survival(OS)of the KIRC patients.Moreover,targeted bisulfite-sequencing(bisulfite-seq)analysis revealed that promoter hypomethylation pattern was associated with up-regulation of hub genes(MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16).In addition to this,hub genes were involved in various diverse oncogenic pathways.The MMP gene family members(MMP2,MMP9,MMP12,and MMP16)may serve as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers in KIRC.
文摘Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is an ancient oilseed crop of the Pedaliaceae family with high oil content and potential health benefits.SHI RELATED SEQUENCE(SRS)proteins are the transcription factors(TFs)specific to plants that contain RING-like zinc finger domain and are associated with the regulation of several physiological and biochemical processes.They also play vital roles in plant growth and development such as root formation,leaf development,floral development,hormone biosynthesis,signal transduction,and biotic and abiotic stress responses.Nevertheless,the SRS gene family was not reported in sesame yet.In this study,identification,molecular characterization,phylogenetic relationship,cis-acting regulatory elements,protein-protein interaction,syntenic relationship,duplication events and expression pattern of SRS genes were analyzed in S.indicum.We identified total six SiSRS genes on seven different linkage groups in the S.indicum genome by comparing with the other species,including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.The SiSRS genes showed variation in their structure like2–5 exons and 1–4 introns.Like other species,SiSRS proteins also contained‘RING-like zinc finger'and‘LRP1'domains.Then,the SiSRS genes were clustered into subclasses via phylogenetic analysis with proteins of S.indicum,A.thaliana,and some other plant species.The cis-acting regulatory elements analysis revealed that the promoter region of SiSRS4(SIN_1011561)showed the highest 13 and 16 elements for light-and phytohormone-responses whereas,SiSRS1(SIN_1015187)showed the highest 15 elements for stress-response.The ABREs,or ABA-responsive elements,were found in a maximum of 8 copies in the SiSRS3(SIN 1009100).Moreover,the available RNA-seq based expression of SiSRS genes revealed variation in expression patterns between stress-treated and non-treated samples,especially in drought and salinity conditions in.S.indicum.Two SiSRS genes like SiSRS1(SIN_1015187)and SiSRS5(SIN_1021065),also exhibited variable expression patterns between control vs PEG-treated sesame root samples and three SiSRS genes,including SiSRS1(SIN_1015187),SiSRS2(SIN_1003328)and SiSRS5(SIN_1021065)were responsive to salinity treatments.The present outcomes will encourage more research into the gene expression and functionality analysis of SiSRS genes in S.indicum and other related species.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD1000600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32070376)。
文摘In plants,the lysine and histidine transporter(LHT)family represent a class of proteins that mediate the uptake,translocation,and utilization of amino acids.The tea plant(Camellia sinensis)is a perennial evergreen with a relatively high level of amino acids.However,systematic identification and molecular characterization of the LHT gene family has rarely been reported in tea plants.In this study,22 CsLHTs were identified from the‘Shuchazao’genome and classified into two groups.The modeled three-dimensional structure and the conserved domains presented a high similarity among the LHTs proteins.Moreover,it was predicted that a few genes were conserved through the analysis of the physiochemical characters,structures and cis-elements in promoters.The expression patterns in tea plants revealed that CsLHT7 was mainly expressed in the roots,and CsLHT4 and CsLHT11 exhibited relatively high expression in both the roots and leaves.Moreover,the expression of all three genes could be induced by organic nitrogen.Additionally,heterogeneous expression of CsLHT4,CsLHT7 and CsLHT11 in Arabidopsis thaliana decreased the aerial parts biomass compared with that in WT plants while significantly increased the rosette biomass only for CsLHT11transgenic plants versus WT plants.Overall,our results provide fundamental information about CsLHTs and potential genes in N utilization for further analysis in tea plants.
文摘The inter-urban competition seems to be of paramount importance for city-development today. The extensive reliance of competitiveness-oriented urban governance agendas on the knowledge-based, "new" economy, introduced the notion of "creativity" into discussion on the future of urban development. Though still on the margins of serious urban theory, the discourse on "creative cities" that emerged in the early 2000s, has already had massive influence on the ways in which cities are managed and transformed in Europe. After examination of how the competitiveness-oriented strategies based on creativity and related to the qualities of place increase cultural and social sustainability of urban transformation and development, this paper briefly rethinks the current urban development policy of the city of Sarajevo in relation to the notion of "place", by leaning on the contemporary European urban development paradigm. The conclusion points out that the sustainable increase of urban competitiveness in Sarajevo should be pursued by the development projects of urban transformation promoting creative knowledge sector, based on the inclusive cultural urban narratives related to places, thus assuring simultaneous growth of creative knowledge industries and preservation of diverse social geography.
基金This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2022MC144).
文摘Grapes,one of the oldest tree species globally,are rich in vitamins.However,environmental conditions such as low temperature and soil salinization significantly affect grape yield and quality.The glutamate receptor(GLR)family,comprising highly conserved ligand-gated ion channels,regulates plant growth and development in response to stress.In this study,11 members of the VvGLR gene family in grapes were identified using whole-genome sequence analysis.Bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze the basic physical and chemical properties,phylogenetic trees,conserved domains,motifs,expression patterns,and evolutionary relationships.Phylogenetic and collinear analyses revealed that the VvGLRs were divided into three subgroups,showing the high conservation of the grape GLR family.These members exhibited 2 glutamate receptor binding regions(GABAb and GluR)and 3-4 transmembrane regions(M1,M2,M3,and M4).Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated the sensitivity of all VvGLRs to low temperature and salt stress.Subsequent localization studies in Nicotiana tabacum verified that VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 proteins were located on the cell membrane and cell nucleus.Additionally,yeast transformation experiments confirmed the functionality of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 in response to low temperature and salt stress.Thesefindings highlight the significant role of the GLR family,a highly conserved group of ion channels,in enhancing grape stress resistance.This study offers new insights into the grape GLR gene family,providing fundamental knowledge for further functional analysis and breeding of stress-resistant grapevines.
基金supported by the German Research Council(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,HA3309/3-1/2,HA3309/6-1,HA3309/7-1)。
文摘Skeletal muscles are essential for locomotion,posture,and metabolic regulation.To understand physiological processes,exercise adaptation,and muscle-related disorders,it is critical to understand the molecular pathways that underlie skeletal muscle function.The process of muscle contra ction,orchestrated by a complex interplay of molecular events,is at the core of skeletal muscle function.Muscle contraction is initiated by an action potential and neuromuscular transmission requiring a neuromuscular junction.Within muscle fibers,calcium ions play a critical role in mediating the interaction between actin and myosin filaments that generate force.Regulation of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in excitation-contraction coupling.The development and growth of skeletal muscle are regulated by a network of molecular pathways collectively known as myogenesis.Myogenic regulators coordinate the diffe rentiation of myoblasts into mature muscle fibers.Signaling pathways regulate muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy in response to mechanical stimuli and nutrient availability.Seve ral muscle-related diseases,including congenital myasthenic disorders,sarcopenia,muscular dystrophies,and metabolic myopathies,are underpinned by dys regulated molecular pathways in skeletal muscle.Therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving muscle mass and function,enhancing regeneration,and improving metabolic health hold promise by targeting specific molecular pathways.Other molecular signaling pathways in skeletal muscle include the canonical Wnt signaling pathway,a critical regulator of myogenesis,muscle regeneration,and metabolic function,and the Hippo signaling pathway.In recent years,more details have been uncovered about the role of these two pathways during myogenesis and in developing and adult skeletal muscle fibers,and at the neuromuscular junction.In fact,research in the last few years now suggests that these two signaling pathways are interconnected and that they jointly control physiological and pathophysiological processes in muscle fibers.In this review,we will summarize and discuss the data on these two pathways,focusing on their concerted action next to their contribution to skeletal muscle biology.However,an in-depth discussion of the noncanonical Wnt pathway,the fibro/a dipogenic precursors,or the mechanosensory aspects of these pathways is not the focus of this review.
文摘BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs)regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology.However,there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer(GC).AIM To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miRNA-145-5p(miR145-5p)in the progression of GC.METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect miRNA expression in human GC tissues and cells.The ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade was assessed using wound-healing and transwell assays,respectively.Cell proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays,and apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry.Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated protein was determined by Western blot.Targets of miR-145-5p were predicated using bioinformatics analysis and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter system.Serpin family E member 1(SERPINE1)expression in GC tissues and cells was evaluated using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between SERPINE1 expression and overall patient survival was determined using Kaplan-Meier plot analysis.The association between SERPINE1 and GC progression was also tested.A rescue experiment of SERPINE1 overexpression was conducted to verify the relationship between this protein and miR-145-5p.The mechanism by which miR-145-5p influences GC progression was further explored by assessing tumor formation in nude mice.RESULTS GC tissues and cells had reduced miR-145-5p expression and SERPINE1 was identified as a direct target of this miRNA.Overexpression of miR-145-5p was associated with decreased GC cell proliferation,invasion,migration,and EMT,and these effects were reversed by forcing SERPINE1 expression.Kaplan-Meier plot analysis revealed that patients with higher SERPINE1 expression had a shorter survival rate than those with lower SERPINE1 expression.Nude mouse tumorigenesis experiments confirmed that miR-145-5p targets SERPINE1 to regulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2(ERK1/2).CONCLUSION This study found that miR-145-5p inhibits tumor progression and is expressed in lower amounts in patients with GC.MiR-145-5p was found to affect GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion by negatively regulating SERPINE1 levels and controlling the ERK1/2 pathway.
文摘The China No. 1 Pencils Co., Ltd. is a 60-year-old enterprise, specializing in the production of writing implements and makeup pencils, with 1,014 workers and staff. The company has made painstaking efforts to achieve maximum economic returns since its transformation into a listed company in 1992,
文摘Background and Purpose: Therapeutic communication is a new term in family health care nursing, defined by Hohashi (2019) as a method of family intervention, and characterized by inclusion of not only verbal conversation but also nonverbal interaction. However, specific therapeutic communication methods have not been systematized. The purpose of this study was to clarify therapeutic communication methods for families/family members from the perspectives of verbal communication and non-verbal communication through a review of existing literature. Methods: We conducted a search using the medical literature databases PubMed and Ichushi-Web using the keywords “therapeutic communication”. Analysis was performed on seven articles from PubMed and 14 articles from Ichushi-Web that described therapeutic communication methods performed by healthcare professionals for families/family members. Through directed content analysis, therapeutic communication methods were subcategorized, and classified into three categories: verbal communication, non-verbal communication, and verbal/non-verbal communication. Results: A total of 23 subcategories were extracted. Verbal communication included 11 subcategories, such as “asking questions using the communicatee’s words as they are”. Non-verbal communication included five subcategories, such as “noticing changes in the content of the communicatee’s story”. And verbal/non-verbal communication featured seven subcategories, such as “making the communicatee aware of one’s own beliefs”. Conclusion: Therapeutic communication methods included basic care/caring in family interviews/meetings, as well as verbal communication and non-verbal communication that act on family/family members’ beliefs. It is believed that changes in family/family members’ beliefs can be used to eliminate, reduce, or improve problematic conditions in the family. .
文摘Objectives:The arrival of cancer in adolescents and young adults(aged 15 to 24 years)-Adolescents and young adults(AJA)-corresponds to a fragile period during which the adulthood of the young person and the evolution of family ties mobilize the family as a whole.Therefore,cancer,beyond its individual traumatic dimension,affects the whole family,which can modify family ties and family functioning.Our objective is to evaluate family functioning from the complex model evaluating cohesion and adaptability when an adolescent or young adult has cancer.Methods:Adolescents and young adults with cancer(n=41),mothers(n=41),and fathers(n=13)participated in this study.They completed the Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scales(FACES Ⅲ)questionnaire.Family functioning when an aya is ill has been compared to that of families without any disease.Results:a comparison of the mean scores of perceived cohesion and adaptability of face Ⅲ indicates no significant difference for cohesion.In contrast,the averages of the adaptability scores of our sample with those of the general population indicate that families with cancer hais generally feel more“adaptable”than the non-clinical population.These results are statistically significant for AJA,but also for mothers and fathers.Regarding the mean scores of ideal cohesion and ideal adaptability,there are no significant differences between fathers in our sample and fathers in the general population.In contrast,mothers in our sample had less ideal adaptability than those in the general population.In aya patients with cancer,the scores of both adaptability and cohesion were significantly different from those of non-diseased adolescents.Conclusion:Cancer leads to many changes in family relationships,making it difficult to empower the young patient and latent the evolution of the relationship.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2350005 to YL)。
文摘Understanding the foraging behavior is essential for investigating seabird ecology and conservation,as well as monitoring the well-being of the marine environment.Breeding seabirds adopt diverse foraging strategies to maximize energy gains and cope with the intensified challenges of parenting and self-maintenance.Such tradeoff may stem from the heterogeneity of food resources and the constraints of central place foraging.Nevertheless,abundant marine productivity could alleviate the energy limitation for seabirds,resulting in a consistent foraging approach.Here,we investigated the foraging strategy during the breeding season of a cryptic small-sized seabird,Swinhoe’s Storm-petrel(Hydrobates monorhis),in the Yellow Sea,a productive marginal sea of the Northwest Pacific.Using GPS tracking,we evaluated habitat preference,quantified the foraging strategy,and tested if environmental conditions and individual traits influence foraging trips.We found that Swinhoe’s Storm-petrels preferred nearshore areas with shallow water and engaged in primarily short foraging trips.Distinctive southeastward and southwestward strategies emerged when combining trip metrics,including foraging direction,duration,and maximum distance.The bathymetry,proximity to the coastline,and sea surface temperature differed in two foraging strategies.Foraging strategies exhibited flexibility between individuals,potentially explained by wing morphology,in which longer-winged birds are more likely to embark on longer-distance foraging trips.These findings highlight the impact of environmental factors and individual traits on seabirds’foraging decisions in productive marginal sea ecosystems.Our study also provides valuable insights into the foraging ecology of this Asian endemic storm-petrel.
文摘Introduction: Postpartum family planning is the prevention of pregnancies during the 12 months following childbirth. Few studies have been devoted to postpartum family planning in Mali. Our work will contribute to reducing unmet need for family planning. Objective: To study the use of contraceptive methods in the postpartum period in the obstetrics and gynecology unit of Timbuktu hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective collection of data from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023. All women who gave birth having chosen and benefited from a contraceptive method were included. The statistical test used was the Fisher test with a significance threshold fixed at 5%. Results: The frequency of contraception in the postpartum period was 17.03%. The average age of clients was 26.14% with extremes of 14 and 45 years. They were paupiparous at 56.4% with an inter-birth interval of less than 12 months at 12.3%. More than half of the counseling (58.5%) was done during postnatal visits. The methods chosen were implants at 48.1%, injectable progestins at 21.3%, intrauterine device at 14.7%, miro-progestin pills at 13.5%, tubal ligation at 1 .4% and condoms at 1%. The regular follow-up rate was 51.1% of cases and 25.6% had no follow-up. Conclusion: The overall rate of postpartum family planning of 17.08% remains low. Improving FP staff skills will reduce unmet needs and contribute to increasing contraceptive prevalence in Timbuktu.