Investigations into the potential application of nanoparticles acting as nanofungicides in sustainable agriculture are rapidly expanding due to the high antimicrobial properties of these compounds,which do not risk in...Investigations into the potential application of nanoparticles acting as nanofungicides in sustainable agriculture are rapidly expanding due to the high antimicrobial properties of these compounds,which do not risk inducing pathogen resistance to fungicides.A detailed understanding of the impact of copper oxide nanoparticles(CuO NPs)on soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi is yet to be obtained.This study aimed to explore the in vitro antifungal activity and control efficacy of CuO NPs applied via irrigation with respect to tobacco black shank(TBS)disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae.The results revealed that CuO NPs greatly interfered with the reproductive growth process of this fungus,repressing hyphal growth,spore germination and sporangium production.Additionally,morphological damage,intracellular ROS accumulation and increased SOD enzyme activity in hyphae were the antifungicidal mechanisms of these NPs.In pot experiments,treatment with CuO NPs at 100 mg L^(–1)significantly suppressed TBS development,compared with the effect on control plants,and the control efficacy reached 33.69%without inducing phytotoxicity.Exposure to CuO NPs significantly activated a series of defense enzymes,and resistance genes in tobacco can further explain the mechanisms by which CuO NPs suppressed fungal infection.The Cu content in both the leaves and roots of P.nicotianae-infested plants increased by 50.03 and 27.25%,respectively,after treatment with 100 mg L^(–1)CuO NPs,compared with that of healthy plants.In particular,a higher Cu content was observed in infected roots than in leaves.Therefore,this study showed the potential of CuO NPs applied as nanofungicides and as nanoinducers of fungus resistance genes for the management of TBS through inhibition of pathogen infection and stimulation of plant defenses.展开更多
The relationships between chemical components and quality indexes were studied in the tobacco leaves with different aromatic styles. A total of 16 chemical components, 4 quality indexes, and 6 smoking quality indexes ...The relationships between chemical components and quality indexes were studied in the tobacco leaves with different aromatic styles. A total of 16 chemical components, 4 quality indexes, and 6 smoking quality indexes from 366 tobacco leaf samples with 4 different types of aroma from Guizhou Province, China, were subjected to principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The tobacco leaves with different types of aroma showed remarkable difference in the contents of chemical components, quality indexes, and smoking quality indexes. The first principal factors (carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds) of the chemical composition of the leaf were similar among different types of aroma, which showed that the quality of the leaf was mainly influenced by carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds and their ratios. The factors for the second through the seventh principal components varied largely among varioUs aromatic types, suggesting the contribution of other chemical components to the leaf quality. In addition, the smoking quality of four different aromatic leaves showed significant correlation with the different chemical components. The quality of tobacco leaves with different types of aroma was influenced by multiple factors, especially ecological conditions and culture techniques, which may provide guidance for directive cultivation of high-quality tobacco leaves.展开更多
Plant genotypic difference of pot assiu m-enr ich ment capab ility and p ot assi um (K ) d ist rib ut ion at root-soil ioterface of different plant genotypes were studied by using seven plant species and eight varieti...Plant genotypic difference of pot assiu m-enr ich ment capab ility and p ot assi um (K ) d ist rib ut ion at root-soil ioterface of different plant genotypes were studied by using seven plant species and eight varieties oftobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The results indicated that K enrichment capability was: Ethiopian guizotia(Guizotia abyssinica Cass.)>feather cockscomb (Celosia arpentea L.)>alligator alternanthera (Alternantheraphiloxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.)> tobacco>sesbania (Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers.)>wheat (Thticumaestivum L.)>broadbean (Vicia faba L.). Ethiopian guizotia showed very high K-enrichment capability atdifferent soil K levels, and the K content in its dry matter was over 110 mg kg-1 when soil K was fullysupplied, and about 60 mg kg-1 when no K fertilizer was applied. For alligator alternanthera, the capabilityto accumulate K was closely related with its growth medium. When it was grown on soils, both the K contentand K uptake rate of the plant were similar to those of tobacco. Evident K dep1etion was observed in therhizosphere of all plant species, and the depletion rate was related to the capability of K enrichment of plant.展开更多
We compared the expression patterns of three representative genes in undamaged tomato and tobacco plants in response to exposure to either tomato or tobacco fed on by Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm). When tomat...We compared the expression patterns of three representative genes in undamaged tomato and tobacco plants in response to exposure to either tomato or tobacco fed on by Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm). When tomato and tobacco, two species of one family, were incubated in the chambers with the tomato plants damaged by the cotton bollworm, the expression of the PR1, BGL2, and PAL genes was up-regulated in leaves of both plants. However, the levels of gene expression were significantly higher in the tomato than that in the tobacco. In addition, the activities of enzymes, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and lipoxygenase were found to be higher in the tomato than those in the tobacco. Similar results were obtained when the damaged plants were replaced by the tobacco.展开更多
基金financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001934)the Key Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Tobacco Company,China(SCYC202114)。
文摘Investigations into the potential application of nanoparticles acting as nanofungicides in sustainable agriculture are rapidly expanding due to the high antimicrobial properties of these compounds,which do not risk inducing pathogen resistance to fungicides.A detailed understanding of the impact of copper oxide nanoparticles(CuO NPs)on soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi is yet to be obtained.This study aimed to explore the in vitro antifungal activity and control efficacy of CuO NPs applied via irrigation with respect to tobacco black shank(TBS)disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae.The results revealed that CuO NPs greatly interfered with the reproductive growth process of this fungus,repressing hyphal growth,spore germination and sporangium production.Additionally,morphological damage,intracellular ROS accumulation and increased SOD enzyme activity in hyphae were the antifungicidal mechanisms of these NPs.In pot experiments,treatment with CuO NPs at 100 mg L^(–1)significantly suppressed TBS development,compared with the effect on control plants,and the control efficacy reached 33.69%without inducing phytotoxicity.Exposure to CuO NPs significantly activated a series of defense enzymes,and resistance genes in tobacco can further explain the mechanisms by which CuO NPs suppressed fungal infection.The Cu content in both the leaves and roots of P.nicotianae-infested plants increased by 50.03 and 27.25%,respectively,after treatment with 100 mg L^(–1)CuO NPs,compared with that of healthy plants.In particular,a higher Cu content was observed in infected roots than in leaves.Therefore,this study showed the potential of CuO NPs applied as nanofungicides and as nanoinducers of fungus resistance genes for the management of TBS through inhibition of pathogen infection and stimulation of plant defenses.
文摘The relationships between chemical components and quality indexes were studied in the tobacco leaves with different aromatic styles. A total of 16 chemical components, 4 quality indexes, and 6 smoking quality indexes from 366 tobacco leaf samples with 4 different types of aroma from Guizhou Province, China, were subjected to principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The tobacco leaves with different types of aroma showed remarkable difference in the contents of chemical components, quality indexes, and smoking quality indexes. The first principal factors (carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds) of the chemical composition of the leaf were similar among different types of aroma, which showed that the quality of the leaf was mainly influenced by carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds and their ratios. The factors for the second through the seventh principal components varied largely among varioUs aromatic types, suggesting the contribution of other chemical components to the leaf quality. In addition, the smoking quality of four different aromatic leaves showed significant correlation with the different chemical components. The quality of tobacco leaves with different types of aroma was influenced by multiple factors, especially ecological conditions and culture techniques, which may provide guidance for directive cultivation of high-quality tobacco leaves.
文摘Plant genotypic difference of pot assiu m-enr ich ment capab ility and p ot assi um (K ) d ist rib ut ion at root-soil ioterface of different plant genotypes were studied by using seven plant species and eight varieties oftobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The results indicated that K enrichment capability was: Ethiopian guizotia(Guizotia abyssinica Cass.)>feather cockscomb (Celosia arpentea L.)>alligator alternanthera (Alternantheraphiloxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.)> tobacco>sesbania (Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers.)>wheat (Thticumaestivum L.)>broadbean (Vicia faba L.). Ethiopian guizotia showed very high K-enrichment capability atdifferent soil K levels, and the K content in its dry matter was over 110 mg kg-1 when soil K was fullysupplied, and about 60 mg kg-1 when no K fertilizer was applied. For alligator alternanthera, the capabilityto accumulate K was closely related with its growth medium. When it was grown on soils, both the K contentand K uptake rate of the plant were similar to those of tobacco. Evident K dep1etion was observed in therhizosphere of all plant species, and the depletion rate was related to the capability of K enrichment of plant.
文摘We compared the expression patterns of three representative genes in undamaged tomato and tobacco plants in response to exposure to either tomato or tobacco fed on by Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm). When tomato and tobacco, two species of one family, were incubated in the chambers with the tomato plants damaged by the cotton bollworm, the expression of the PR1, BGL2, and PAL genes was up-regulated in leaves of both plants. However, the levels of gene expression were significantly higher in the tomato than that in the tobacco. In addition, the activities of enzymes, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and lipoxygenase were found to be higher in the tomato than those in the tobacco. Similar results were obtained when the damaged plants were replaced by the tobacco.