Efficacy of the method of tonifying Qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis in thetreatment of AECOPD:A meta analysis

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the method of tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Search the China Knowledge Network(CNKI),VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,China Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and select the databases that meet the requirements for tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis.The stasis method in the treatment of AECOPD was included in the standard literature,and RevMan 5.4 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 10 articles were included,with a total of 854 patients,435 in the treatment group and 419 in the control group.Systematic analysis shows that the method of tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis combined with conventional Western medicine treatment of AECOPD is significantly different in total clinical effective rate than conventional Western medicine treatment alone[OR=3.98,95%CI(2.23,7.11),P<0.00001];In terms of lung function,FEV1/FVC[MD=6.08,95%CI(5.01,7.15),P<0.00001],FEV1[MD=0.07,95%CI(0.01,0.13),P=0.02],FEV1%[MD=4.56,95%CI(3.09,6.02),P<0.00001]is significantly higher than the control group;arterial oxygen partial pressure(PaO_(2))[MD=18.47,95%CI(16.77,20.16),P<0.00001]Significant improvement compared to the control group;arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))[MD=-7.48,95%CI(-8.7,-6.26),P<0.00001]was significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion:The current evidence shows that the method of tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis combined with conventional Western medicine treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in acute exacerbations can improve clinical efficacy and improve the quality of life of patients.

Effect of Qi-tonifying and Stasis-eliminating Therapy(益气活血法)on Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Receptors FIt-l,FIk-1 in the Brain of Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Rats

Objective： To investigate the effects and mechanism of qi-tonifying and stasiseliminating （QTSE） therapy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and its receptors Fit-1 and FIk-1 in the brains of intracerebral hemorrhagic （model） rats. Methods： One hundred and eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups： the normal group （n=5）, the sham-operative （SO） group （n=35）, the model group （n=35）, the QTSE group （n=35）, the QT group （n=35） and the SE group （n=35）. All the rats except those in the normal group and SO group were established into an intracerebral hemorrhage（ICH） model by intracerebral injection of collagenase type Ⅶ and the latter three were orally administered with Buyang Huanwu Decoction （补阳还五汤, a classical recipe for QTSE） or with some of its components for qi-tonification and for stasis-elimination, respectively. To the other three groups, normal saline solutions were given instead. Behavioral tests were carried out in the animals randomly chosen from each group on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after modeling. The expressions of VEGF, FIk-1 and Fit-1 were determined by immunohistochemistry and the number of vascular segments with positive expression in the injured brain area of the rats was calculated. Results： From day 7 onwards, the asymmetric forelimb use rate in the QTSE group recovered more significantly than that in the other model groups. In the model group, the expressions of VEGF, FIk-1 and Fit-1 appeared on day 1 and reached a peak on day 21, then weakened gradually. In the QTSE group, as compared with the other model groups, a higher level of VEGF expression was shown from day 7 （P〈0.01） and a higher level of Fit-1 expression was shown from the 7th day to the 21st day （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： QTSE therapy can up-regulate the expressions of VEGF and its receptors （FIk-1 and Fit-l） and improve the recovery of kinetic function in the ICH rats, which may be correlated with its action in modulating vascular regeneration to promote the reconstruction of microvascular networks in the damaged areas.

Discussion on the application of Ginseng efficacy from"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach"

According to the original works of an ancient Chinese medicine book"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach"(Detailed Analysis of Spleen and Stomach Diseases;1249 C.E.)written by Li Dongyuan(1180-1251 C.E),and related explanations of later physicians,the efficacy and application of Ginseng(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)in related prescriptions were investigated from the aspects of dosage,usage and treatment methods.Ginseng appeared in 27 named prescriptions,including 20 decoctions,4 pill and 3 powder.In terms of dosage and usage,the common dosage of Ginseng is five points,mainly decoction.Most of the processing methods are"Fuju"(Bite up the medicine with your mouth so it can be taken.)and decoction with water.In terms of treatment methods,Ginseng is used in the sweet temperature and heat removing method and Nourishes Qi and Eliminates Evils Method(build your body to cure disease)in Li Dongyuan's"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach".Explaining Sweet Temperature Heat Removal Method(Use sweet and warm medicines to treat Qi-deficiency fever or Blood-deficiency fever;there are many reasons for fever,and cold and cooling medicines with heat-clearing effect are generally used for treatment.Use bitter cold medicine,so as not to consume the body's Yang.)takes Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(BYD)as an example,and explaining the Nourishes Qi and Eliminates Evils Method takes Mahuang-renshen-shaoyao decoction as an example.At the same time,"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach"matured in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties(1115-1368 C.E.).Its system of weights and measures,terminology and medical theory are quite different from those of modern Chinese medicine.Therefore,when researching the dosage,usage and treatment methods of Ginseng,we will explore the controversial points,and explain them by using modern Chinese medicine theory,so as to guide the clinical medication more accurately.

《神农本草经》与经方应用之泽泻篇

《神农本草经》记载泽泻“:味甘,寒。主风寒湿痹,乳难,消水,养五脏,益气力,肥健。久服耳目聪明,不饥,延年,轻身,面生光,能行水上。”以《神农本草经》中泽泻的主治作用为线索,分析《伤寒杂病论》中泽泻的应用。泽泻主治消水,消心下之水,常与白术配伍,以泽泻汤为代表方;消膀胱之水,常与茯苓、白术、桂枝等药配伍,以五苓散为代表方;消腰下之水,常与牡蛎、栝楼根、葶苈子等药配伍,以牡蛎泽泻散为代表方;消肾脏之水,常与生地黄、山茱萸等药配伍,以肾气丸为代表方;消血中之水,常与当归、芍药等药配伍,以当归芍药散为代表方。泽泻可调养五脏,培补正气,“养五脏,益气力,耳目聪明”,常与生地黄、山药等配伍,以肾气丸为代表方;“轻身,面生光,能行水上”,常与茯苓、甘草、桂枝等药配伍,以茯苓泽泻汤为代表方。

Efficacy and safety of a sequential treatment with clearing heat and eliminating phlegm and tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation in treating acute ischemic stroke: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety outcomes following a sequential treatment with clearing heat and eliminating phlegm(CHEP)formula and tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation(TQABC)formula in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)within a 72 h time window.METHODS:In this randomized,multicenter,doubleblinded,placebo-controlled trial,500 participants will be randomly assigned in a ratio of 1∶1 to the CHEP+TQABC group or control group.In addition to guidelinebased standard medical care,participants in the treatment group will receive the CHEP formula for the first 5 consecutive days followed by the TQABC formula for another 10 consecutive days,while those in the control group will receive CHEP formula placebo and TQABC formula placebo consecutively.The primary outcome measure will be the comparison of the change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score from baseline to 15 days after randomization.The secondary outcome measures will include the scores on the modified Rankin Scale,Barthel Index,Patient-Reported Outcomes,TCM symptom pattern(Zheng-hou)evaluation Scale,and the incidence of in-hospital complications.Safety assessment will include the physical examination,laboratory detection,any adverse events or serious adverse events,and the proportion of any complications during hospitalization.DISCUSSION:The results of this study will provide objective and scientific data with which to assess the efficacy and safety of a sequential treatment based on“integrating disease and symptom pattern”for patients with AIS.

从营卫虚滞理论探讨缺血性卒中的病机与证治

缺血性卒中是常见的脑血管疾病,具有高发病率、高死亡率和高致残率的特点,其主要病理过程为脑脉痹阻。本文结合理论及实践探讨分析,认为营卫二气与缺血性卒中密切相关,营卫既可化血,又可助血,亦能固护脉道,若营卫虚滞则气血化生不足、运行受阻,可造成气、痰、瘀、火、风、毒等邪气内生,构成缺血性卒中发生发展的关键环节。故从营卫虚滞角度探讨缺血性中风发病机制,并阐述营卫虚滞与缺血性中风内生邪气的关系,以补虚通滞、调和营卫为治法,论述防治缺血性卒中发生发展的方药,为缺血性卒中的临床辨证施治提供新的思路,并附验案1则加以佐证。

基于中医血脉理论谈从脾论治糖尿病血管病变

糖尿病血管病变是糖尿病严重的慢性并发症之一,目前已成为糖尿病患者死亡和致残的主要原因,其巨额的医疗费用给家庭、社会带来沉重的经济负担。文章从血管与血脉的相关性出发,基于中医血脉理论,结合传统医学与现代医学观点,认为脾气虚,运化无力,气机不畅,脂浊不化,致痰浊、瘀血、热毒等病理产物壅滞血脉是糖尿病血管病变发生的重要原因,可累及多个靶器官。结合五脏一体观,从脾为四脏之长、脾与其他四脏的病变关系论述从脾论治糖尿病血管病变的理论依据以及古今医家从脾论治糖尿病血管病的临床思路,并将中西医思想融会贯通,突出从脾论治糖尿病血管病变的重要性。治疗上注重益气养阴、活血解毒、健脾化湿之法,为临床防治糖尿病血管病变提供新思路。

清代医家“扶正避邪”防疫思想和方法探析

清代医家刘奎、陈耕道、王士雄等深入探讨了“正气存内”与“避其毒气”对防疫的重要性,提出了扶正养生为本、避邪隔离为要的基本原则,强调三因制宜的防疫要旨,重视医者自身防护。认为可通过清洁空气、清洁水源、熏蒸衣物、消灭虫害等方式,改善卫生条件以防疫。在防疫方药使用方面,比前代医家更多采用了芳香类药物,如苍术、白芷、丁香、降香、菖蒲、冰片、麝香、没药等,及雄黄丸、不染瘟方、透顶清凉散、通气散等防疫复方,采用口服、塞鼻取嚏、点眼、洗浴、熨法。他们进一步推广和完善了接种预防,以保护易感人群。充分重视清代医家防疫思想和方法,以期为当今疫病的防治起到启示和参考作用。

吴万垠治疗肿瘤经验举隅

吴万垠教授临床治疗肿瘤善用“辨病、辨证、对症”三位一体的论治模式。以病为本,明确病性、病位;以证为纲,分期治疗,扶正祛邪有所偏重,并强调中医药对肿瘤治疗的补充和替代作用;以症为佐,在扶正培本、清热解毒、理气活血、化痰祛湿、软坚散结、以毒攻毒治疗原则基础上,灵活对症施治。此外,吴教授还注重健运中焦,顾护后天之本,认为健脾为扶正之关键。

阮诗玮基于伏邪理论运用透邪法治疗慢性肾脏病经验

阮诗玮教授认为慢性肾脏病反复发作、迁延难愈与伏邪关系密切,总体病机为“正气虚损,邪气深伏”,正气虚损为伏邪蛰藏之夙根,具体可分三类:正虚精亏,伏邪羁藏;外伤淫邪,伺机而发;内生伏邪,蜇机而动。故治疗上以透邪为法,扶正透邪为基本原则,扶正贯穿始终。重视三焦分治:上焦用药以轻宣为法,祛邪务尽;中焦用药以芳香透达、苦燥健运、淡渗利泄为法;下焦用药以固涩收敛、厚味填精、虫蚁捜剔为主。此外,强调病后调护对透达邪气的重要作用。

从正气亏虚论治肺结节研究进展

肺结节是肺内常见的类圆形或不规则病灶,直径小于或等于3 cm。其在影像学上表现为密度增高的阴影,随着低剂量CT筛查的普遍发展,肺结节被发现的概率日益增高,通常在体检或治疗其他疾病时被偶然发现,多数患者无明显临床症状。肺结节属于临床难治性疾病,西医对其发病机制尚未有明确的认识,治疗上根据其风险程度的不同采取不同的治疗方法。对于风险较低的肺结节主要通过定期复查胸部CT来密切关注其变化,目前尚未提出系统的内科治疗方法;对于风险较高的肺结节则通过穿刺活检来确定是否需要手术切除治疗。中医学对本病的病因病机及治疗有着独到的见解。该病属于中医“肺积”的范畴,中医学认为肺结节病位在肺,基本病机为正气亏虚、痰瘀互结,其中以正气亏虚为本,痰瘀互结为标。在治疗上强调以扶正为本,兼以化痰祛瘀。中医学通过对人体气、血、阴、阳亏虚辨证论治,提出了不同的治疗方法。气虚者重在补益肺脾之气,佐以化痰祛瘀;血虚者强调养血健脾,因血不独生,赖气以生之,故在养血的基础上加以益气之品;阴虚者以益气养阴为主,兼以化痰祛瘀;阳虚者重在温阳散结,佐以活血通络。文章列举现代中医学家论治肺结节的经验,旨在为临床辨证论治肺结节提供思路。

从发病机制探讨多囊卵巢综合征所致闭经

基于肝脾肾三脏,从肝郁气滞,脾虚痰湿,肾虚精亏及冲任二脉剖析多囊卵巢综合征所致闭经病机;此外,从遗传、环境污染、精神压力、胰岛素抵抗等因素简述现代医学发病机制;以肝气郁滞,疏泄不及,横逆己土作为切入点,浅析脾虚及肾,肾虚血瘀的发展历程。此外,从五行生克制化方面阐明了肾在该病中的主导地位,从肝郁、脾虚、肾亏的中医理论探讨了多囊卵巢综合征致闭经发病过程和病变特点,确立了疏肝理气、健脾燥湿、补肾填精的主要治法,同时对兼有痰浊内生、瘀血阻络者,提出化痰降浊,通络化瘀的治法。

阮诗玮从“四纲六目”论“厥”心法初探

中医学对“厥”的认识由来已久,具有丰富的内涵。但因其概念在历史的发展中多有变迁,论述较为散乱,难以对“厥”形成系统、客观的理论框架。基于此,阮诗玮教授发皇古义,融汇新知,指出“厥”的内涵主要为“四肢厥冷”“神志昏厥”二者,病机系“阴阳气血逆乱”,与现代医学的缺血性脑卒中、心源性休克等联系紧密。阮教授临证治“厥”,主张“四纲六目”。“四纲”,即“阴、阳、正、邪”,是从“阴阳”判别“厥”之真假,“正邪”评估病情整体发展趋势,具有提要钩玄的意义。“六目”,即“机、位、势、体、时、象”,是在“四纲”基础上,分别从“病机、病位、病势、体质、时令、病象”对“厥”临床辨治的具体指导。希冀对传统中医药“厥”领域的开发,并为构建中医“厥”诊疗体系有所助益并提供参考价值。

基于正邪理论探讨巨噬细胞极化在肺纤维化中的作用及中药干预

正邪交争贯穿于肺纤维化形成发展全过程,而巨噬细胞极化是肺纤维化发展的重要机制,通过释放相关细胞因子,参与肺纤维化进程。本文从正邪理论与肺纤维化、巨噬细胞极化在肺纤维化中的作用、正邪理论与巨噬细胞极化的相关性等方面探讨巨噬细胞极化与肺纤维化之间的关联,并进一步探讨中药作用机制,为肺纤维化的临床诊治提供理论参考。

彝医张之道辨治肿瘤临床经验及学术思想整理研究

张之道是彝医药奠基人,在肿瘤辨治上形成开创性的“治瘤先治气”的学术思想,认为人体与宇宙清浊之气失衡是肿瘤发病的外因,体内清浊之气虚衰、紊乱致水血、痰瘀、毒邪内生是肿瘤发病的内因。治疗当以“天人同象”为总纲,以“扶正祛毒”为目标,以“疏通气路、血路、水谷路”为治法,以“平衡清气、浊气”贯穿始终进行中彝医结合临床辨治。通过总结张之道临床辨治肿瘤的经验,并附验案一则,以期为肿瘤的治疗提供新思路。

基于伏气温病理论探讨组织细胞坏死性淋巴结炎的诊疗思路

[目的]基于伏气温病理论,探讨组织细胞坏死性淋巴结炎(histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis,HNL)的病因病机和诊治思路。[方法]基于古代医籍对伏气温病理论的阐述和HNL的现代研究,分析该病的病因病机、症状特点及传变规律,总结其治疗原则,并报道医案一则予以佐证。[结果]HNL的病机以正虚邪伏为主,表现为在正虚基础上,外感邪气伏于膜原,阳郁化热,外发少阳三焦,内生痰瘀浊毒为病。治疗以扶正祛邪为法,重在祛邪,针对伏邪、郁热和病理产物内生三个病机环节,制定疏利透达、祛邪清热和清理夹邪、解毒散结的治疗原则;扶正重在顾护气阴和愈后调养,预防余邪复遗。所举医案为应用伏气温病理论治疗HNL一例,证属湿热毒蕴、痰瘀互结,先后方选升降散合三仁汤、甘露消毒丹治疗,随证加减,效果显著。[结论]从伏气温病理论探讨HNL的诊治思路具有临床实用意义,可为诊治HNL提供新思路和方法。

扶正祛邪法对肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的影响

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞具备的双向分化潜能,由于其异质性及在肿瘤生长代谢及肿瘤侵袭转移过程中发挥关键性作用,使得肿瘤相关巨噬细胞成为目前抗肿瘤治疗的重要靶点。“扶正祛邪”中医理论是治疗肿瘤的基本法则,关于“扶正祛邪”法则调节机体肿瘤相关巨噬细胞研究成为人们关注的热点。此文从具有“扶正祛邪”功效的中医药抗肿瘤的基本理论出发,综述近年国内外相关文献。探讨“扶正祛邪”法则调节机体肿瘤微环境下肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的作用,为中医药抗肿瘤的临床治疗、基础研究及中药新药的研发提供一定的思路。

唐蜀华教授治疗扩张型心肌病心力衰竭患者临证经验

本文介绍唐蜀华教授对于扩张型心肌病(DCM)的病因病机认识及辨治用药特点。唐老认为,扩张型心肌病病理性质以正虚为本、血瘀水停为标,当治以扶正补虚、活血化瘀利水。同时强调治疗时需明辨病情发展阶段,把握病机变化,结合现代药理,衷中参西,灵活遣方用药,发挥中西医结合治疗优势,提升患者生活质量,改善预后。

中医药辨治新型冠状病毒核酸“长阳”患者思路

部分新型冠状病毒感染患者出现核酸“长阳”特征,多无明显症状,总结其核心病机为正虚邪恋,与肺、肝、脾等脏腑功能密切相关,湿邪、气郁、瘀血为其重要致病因素。治疗上根据患者临床症状辨证施治,以扶正祛邪为基本治则,根据邪气偏盛的不同采用祛湿、活血、理气、清热、化痰等治法。同时应注意患者精神调摄,及时进行心理疏导,并可采用针灸、耳穴压豆、穴位贴敷、防疫香囊等外治法辅助治疗。

系统评价扶正消瘤中药联合化疗治疗三阴性乳腺癌的有效性及安全性

目的系统评价扶正消瘤中药联合化疗治疗三阴性乳腺癌(Triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)的有效性及安全性。方法计算机检索数据库包括Web of Science、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMbase、中国知网(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据资源系统、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)等,检索以扶正消瘤中药联合化疗为主要干预措施治疗TNBC的随机对照临床试验研究(Randomized Controlled Trial,RCT)。两位独立评价者经过文献筛选、纳入RCT偏倚风险评估、资料提取后,Revman进行定量系统分析。结果共纳入14项RCT,总计1179例TNBC患者,系统评价结果提示试验组在改善临床疗效(临床有效率、临床控制率、疾病进展情况)、生活质量(卡氏评分及其改善、下降情况)、肿瘤标志物(CEA、CA153、CA125)、预后(无进展生存期、中位)及不良反应发生(白细胞减少、血小板减少、恶心呕吐)等指标方面均优于对照组(P<0.05)。而在稳定疾病、改善免疫功能(CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、中心粒细胞减少、骨髓抑制、腹泻、脱发及复发转移方面两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本研究表明扶正消瘤中药联合化疗治疗TNBC疗效更好,不良反应更少、预后更好。