Efficacy of the method of tonifying Qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis in thetreatment of AECOPD:A meta analysis

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the method of tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Search the China Knowledge Network(CNKI),VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,China Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and select the databases that meet the requirements for tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis.The stasis method in the treatment of AECOPD was included in the standard literature,and RevMan 5.4 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 10 articles were included,with a total of 854 patients,435 in the treatment group and 419 in the control group.Systematic analysis shows that the method of tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis combined with conventional Western medicine treatment of AECOPD is significantly different in total clinical effective rate than conventional Western medicine treatment alone[OR=3.98,95%CI(2.23,7.11),P<0.00001];In terms of lung function,FEV1/FVC[MD=6.08,95%CI(5.01,7.15),P<0.00001],FEV1[MD=0.07,95%CI(0.01,0.13),P=0.02],FEV1%[MD=4.56,95%CI(3.09,6.02),P<0.00001]is significantly higher than the control group;arterial oxygen partial pressure(PaO_(2))[MD=18.47,95%CI(16.77,20.16),P<0.00001]Significant improvement compared to the control group;arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))[MD=-7.48,95%CI(-8.7,-6.26),P<0.00001]was significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion:The current evidence shows that the method of tonifying qi,resolving phlegm and eliminating stasis combined with conventional Western medicine treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in acute exacerbations can improve clinical efficacy and improve the quality of life of patients.

Effect of Qi-tonifying and Stasis-eliminating Therapy(益气活血法)on Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Receptors FIt-l,FIk-1 in the Brain of Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Rats

Objective： To investigate the effects and mechanism of qi-tonifying and stasiseliminating （QTSE） therapy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and its receptors Fit-1 and FIk-1 in the brains of intracerebral hemorrhagic （model） rats. Methods： One hundred and eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups： the normal group （n=5）, the sham-operative （SO） group （n=35）, the model group （n=35）, the QTSE group （n=35）, the QT group （n=35） and the SE group （n=35）. All the rats except those in the normal group and SO group were established into an intracerebral hemorrhage（ICH） model by intracerebral injection of collagenase type Ⅶ and the latter three were orally administered with Buyang Huanwu Decoction （补阳还五汤, a classical recipe for QTSE） or with some of its components for qi-tonification and for stasis-elimination, respectively. To the other three groups, normal saline solutions were given instead. Behavioral tests were carried out in the animals randomly chosen from each group on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after modeling. The expressions of VEGF, FIk-1 and Fit-1 were determined by immunohistochemistry and the number of vascular segments with positive expression in the injured brain area of the rats was calculated. Results： From day 7 onwards, the asymmetric forelimb use rate in the QTSE group recovered more significantly than that in the other model groups. In the model group, the expressions of VEGF, FIk-1 and Fit-1 appeared on day 1 and reached a peak on day 21, then weakened gradually. In the QTSE group, as compared with the other model groups, a higher level of VEGF expression was shown from day 7 （P〈0.01） and a higher level of Fit-1 expression was shown from the 7th day to the 21st day （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： QTSE therapy can up-regulate the expressions of VEGF and its receptors （FIk-1 and Fit-l） and improve the recovery of kinetic function in the ICH rats, which may be correlated with its action in modulating vascular regeneration to promote the reconstruction of microvascular networks in the damaged areas.

Discussion on the application of Ginseng efficacy from"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach"

According to the original works of an ancient Chinese medicine book"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach"(Detailed Analysis of Spleen and Stomach Diseases;1249 C.E.)written by Li Dongyuan(1180-1251 C.E),and related explanations of later physicians,the efficacy and application of Ginseng(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)in related prescriptions were investigated from the aspects of dosage,usage and treatment methods.Ginseng appeared in 27 named prescriptions,including 20 decoctions,4 pill and 3 powder.In terms of dosage and usage,the common dosage of Ginseng is five points,mainly decoction.Most of the processing methods are"Fuju"(Bite up the medicine with your mouth so it can be taken.)and decoction with water.In terms of treatment methods,Ginseng is used in the sweet temperature and heat removing method and Nourishes Qi and Eliminates Evils Method(build your body to cure disease)in Li Dongyuan's"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach".Explaining Sweet Temperature Heat Removal Method(Use sweet and warm medicines to treat Qi-deficiency fever or Blood-deficiency fever;there are many reasons for fever,and cold and cooling medicines with heat-clearing effect are generally used for treatment.Use bitter cold medicine,so as not to consume the body's Yang.)takes Buzhong Yiqi Decoction(BYD)as an example,and explaining the Nourishes Qi and Eliminates Evils Method takes Mahuang-renshen-shaoyao decoction as an example.At the same time,"Treatise on Spleen and Stomach"matured in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties(1115-1368 C.E.).Its system of weights and measures,terminology and medical theory are quite different from those of modern Chinese medicine.Therefore,when researching the dosage,usage and treatment methods of Ginseng,we will explore the controversial points,and explain them by using modern Chinese medicine theory,so as to guide the clinical medication more accurately.

《神农本草经》与经方应用之泽泻篇

《神农本草经》记载泽泻“:味甘,寒。主风寒湿痹,乳难,消水,养五脏,益气力,肥健。久服耳目聪明,不饥,延年,轻身,面生光,能行水上。”以《神农本草经》中泽泻的主治作用为线索,分析《伤寒杂病论》中泽泻的应用。泽泻主治消水,消心下之水,常与白术配伍,以泽泻汤为代表方;消膀胱之水,常与茯苓、白术、桂枝等药配伍,以五苓散为代表方;消腰下之水,常与牡蛎、栝楼根、葶苈子等药配伍,以牡蛎泽泻散为代表方;消肾脏之水,常与生地黄、山茱萸等药配伍,以肾气丸为代表方;消血中之水,常与当归、芍药等药配伍,以当归芍药散为代表方。泽泻可调养五脏,培补正气,“养五脏,益气力,耳目聪明”,常与生地黄、山药等配伍,以肾气丸为代表方;“轻身,面生光,能行水上”,常与茯苓、甘草、桂枝等药配伍,以茯苓泽泻汤为代表方。

Efficacy and safety of a sequential treatment with clearing heat and eliminating phlegm and tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation in treating acute ischemic stroke: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety outcomes following a sequential treatment with clearing heat and eliminating phlegm(CHEP)formula and tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation(TQABC)formula in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)within a 72 h time window.METHODS:In this randomized,multicenter,doubleblinded,placebo-controlled trial,500 participants will be randomly assigned in a ratio of 1∶1 to the CHEP+TQABC group or control group.In addition to guidelinebased standard medical care,participants in the treatment group will receive the CHEP formula for the first 5 consecutive days followed by the TQABC formula for another 10 consecutive days,while those in the control group will receive CHEP formula placebo and TQABC formula placebo consecutively.The primary outcome measure will be the comparison of the change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score from baseline to 15 days after randomization.The secondary outcome measures will include the scores on the modified Rankin Scale,Barthel Index,Patient-Reported Outcomes,TCM symptom pattern(Zheng-hou)evaluation Scale,and the incidence of in-hospital complications.Safety assessment will include the physical examination,laboratory detection,any adverse events or serious adverse events,and the proportion of any complications during hospitalization.DISCUSSION:The results of this study will provide objective and scientific data with which to assess the efficacy and safety of a sequential treatment based on“integrating disease and symptom pattern”for patients with AIS.

基于中医血脉理论谈从脾论治糖尿病血管病变

糖尿病血管病变是糖尿病严重的慢性并发症之一,目前已成为糖尿病患者死亡和致残的主要原因,其巨额的医疗费用给家庭、社会带来沉重的经济负担。文章从血管与血脉的相关性出发,基于中医血脉理论,结合传统医学与现代医学观点,认为脾气虚,运化无力,气机不畅,脂浊不化,致痰浊、瘀血、热毒等病理产物壅滞血脉是糖尿病血管病变发生的重要原因,可累及多个靶器官。结合五脏一体观,从脾为四脏之长、脾与其他四脏的病变关系论述从脾论治糖尿病血管病变的理论依据以及古今医家从脾论治糖尿病血管病的临床思路,并将中西医思想融会贯通,突出从脾论治糖尿病血管病变的重要性。治疗上注重益气养阴、活血解毒、健脾化湿之法,为临床防治糖尿病血管病变提供新思路。

基于数据挖掘的朴炳奎治疗大肠癌术后用药规律研究

目的研究全国名中医朴炳奎教授治疗大肠癌术后患者用药规律。方法收集朴炳奎教授在中国中医科学院广安门医院和北京颐庆堂中医诊所2002年1月1日-2022年2月28日大肠癌术后患者的门诊电子和纸质医案资料,运用R4.2.1对大肠癌术后患者处方进行高频药物、药物类型、中药性能、药物阴阳五行和用药剂量,以及多味药关联性用药的规律研究。结果共纳入大肠癌术后患者642例,涉及2226诊次处方、180味中药、总频次为39988。高频药物为黄芪、麸炒枳壳、山药等,药物功效多为补虚药、消食药等;中药药性多用温、平,药味以甘、辛、苦为多,主归脾经、胃经,常用升浮药,药物基本无毒;补阳药使用频率高,五行常用属土药;药物剂量多为10、15、20 g。多味药关联性复杂网络分析和聚类分析得出朴炳奎教授治疗大肠癌术后基础方为黄芪、麸炒枳壳、山药、盐益智仁、陈皮、土茯苓、太子参、麸炒白术。结论朴炳奎教授治疗大肠癌术后重在扶正培本,顾护脾胃,兼顾清热解毒、祛湿化痰、导滞散瘀,辨证施治,补中益气,调畅气机,从而达到“治中焦如衡”,以平为期。

基于中医扶正祛邪法治疗新冠病毒感染恢复期失眠

新型冠状病毒属于中医“疫”病范畴,其病邪为湿邪,湿性黏滞,故新型冠状病毒感染后缠绵难愈。新型冠状病毒感染恢复期余邪未清,正气不足,余邪则为湿、热、痰、瘀、燥、寒等邪气,正虚表现为气虚及阴虚。在身体虚弱以及情绪的影响下,新型冠状病毒感染恢复期患者易出现失眠。与普通失眠相比,新型冠状病毒感染恢复期失眠患者有感邪病史,且身体虚弱,因此在治疗时首先应注意扶助正气,祛除邪气,故使用补气及滋阴药物以扶正,祛/化/利湿、清热、化痰、散瘀药物以祛邪;最后同普通失眠治法相同,使患者身体阴平阳秘,气血调和,脏腑功能恢复正常,阴交于阳,改善睡眠。

董克礼教授治疗大肠癌经验撷英

通过典型案例探讨董克礼教授治疗大肠癌的经验,其认为尽管病因复杂,但大肠癌的根本病机在于正虚邪实。并指出大肠癌的发病往往与不规律的饮食习惯、湿热瘀滞等因素有关,这些因素可能损伤脾肾功能,导致脾肾虚弱;同时,湿邪和热毒在体内形成瘀滞,表现为标实。在临床治疗中,董克礼教授倡导扶正祛邪相结合的治疗原则,通过健脾益气和补肾填精的方法来增强正气,同时运用清热利湿、活血祛瘀的方法来祛邪,这种综合治疗方法在大肠癌的治疗中取得了显著的疗效。

融汇黄河文化:齐鲁正骨流派的学术特色与发展

黄河文化倡导天人合一理念,强调人与自然和谐共处的重要性,对齐鲁正骨流派的形成和发展产生了深远影响。齐鲁正骨流派经过三代人的传承和发展,形成了独特的治疗理念和技术体系。流派重视整体观念、气血辨治,强调局部修复与整体调理并举,秉持固本祛邪的治疗理念,擅长运用滋补肝肾、强化筋骨、滋养气血、活血祛瘀、通经止痛的治疗方法,创立了“调线-牵引-整复”方法用于骨折治疗,归纳出关节脱位十大技法,整复关节内部骨折讲究手法细腻柔和,注重中西医结合,形成了周密完备的调护体系。流派在教学培养模式上坚持传统与现代相结合、理论与临床结合,人才传承结构合理,积极推广特色技术,促进了基层及社区正骨技术水平的提高。

从营卫虚滞理论探讨缺血性卒中的病机与证治

缺血性卒中是常见的脑血管疾病,具有高发病率、高死亡率和高致残率的特点,其主要病理过程为脑脉痹阻。本文结合理论及实践探讨分析,认为营卫二气与缺血性卒中密切相关,营卫既可化血,又可助血,亦能固护脉道,若营卫虚滞则气血化生不足、运行受阻,可造成气、痰、瘀、火、风、毒等邪气内生,构成缺血性卒中发生发展的关键环节。故从营卫虚滞角度探讨缺血性中风发病机制,并阐述营卫虚滞与缺血性中风内生邪气的关系,以补虚通滞、调和营卫为治法,论述防治缺血性卒中发生发展的方药,为缺血性卒中的临床辨证施治提供新的思路,并附验案1则加以佐证。

裴正学运用祛邪扶正法诊治白塞病经验

裴正学认为肝、脾、肾三脏功能失调,复受外邪侵袭,以致湿热交阻,气血凝滞而生白塞病;裴正学提出“祛邪扶正”为治疗总纲,先祛邪,后扶正,并将其辨证分型为肝经积热证、脾胃湿热证、肝肾阴虚证三种证型,实证以清热解毒燥湿为法,虚证以益气养阴扶正为要,疗效颇显。

清代医家“扶正避邪”防疫思想和方法探析

清代医家刘奎、陈耕道、王士雄等深入探讨了“正气存内”与“避其毒气”对防疫的重要性,提出了扶正养生为本、避邪隔离为要的基本原则,强调三因制宜的防疫要旨,重视医者自身防护。认为可通过清洁空气、清洁水源、熏蒸衣物、消灭虫害等方式,改善卫生条件以防疫。在防疫方药使用方面,比前代医家更多采用了芳香类药物,如苍术、白芷、丁香、降香、菖蒲、冰片、麝香、没药等,及雄黄丸、不染瘟方、透顶清凉散、通气散等防疫复方,采用口服、塞鼻取嚏、点眼、洗浴、熨法。他们进一步推广和完善了接种预防,以保护易感人群。充分重视清代医家防疫思想和方法,以期为当今疫病的防治起到启示和参考作用。

中医“扶正祛邪”治则及其在免疫性疾病治疗中的应用

基于中医学正邪发病观与现代免疫学发病机制相结合研究免疫性疾病,发现其核心病机为“真邪相搏”。正气是维持和调节免疫防御、免疫监视和免疫自稳三大免疫功能正常的体现;“邪气”则包括诱发免疫异常的病理因素和因异常免疫功能而形成对机体有损害的病理产物。中医药扶正祛邪切中“真邪相搏”的病机,可通过增强和(或)抑制免疫功能起到调节和稳定免疫系统的作用,在超敏反应、自身免疫性疾病、免疫缺陷疾病、感染性疾病及肿瘤的治疗中均获得良好效果。

从免疫学角度探讨“扶正祛邪”法在慢性肾病中运用

中医药在治疗慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)中具有独特优势,可将CKD的核心病机概括为“真邪相搏,虚实夹杂”。中医理论正邪发病观与肾脏疾病中现代免疫学的发病机制密切相关,“正气”是维持或调节免疫动态平衡的体现,“邪气”则代表诱发免疫异常的病理因素或因免疫功能异常形成的对机体有害的病理产物。基于“真邪相搏,虚实夹杂”的病机特点,运用中医药扶正祛邪法可改善由直接或间接免疫介导的肾脏损害,纠正免疫紊乱,改善肾脏病理表现及临床症状,起到肾脏保护的作用。文章对扶正祛邪法在CKD治疗中的理论依据、基础研究和临床应用进行综述,以期为中医药治疗CKD提供依据。

吴万垠治疗肿瘤经验举隅

吴万垠教授临床治疗肿瘤善用“辨病、辨证、对症”三位一体的论治模式。以病为本,明确病性、病位;以证为纲,分期治疗,扶正祛邪有所偏重,并强调中医药对肿瘤治疗的补充和替代作用;以症为佐,在扶正培本、清热解毒、理气活血、化痰祛湿、软坚散结、以毒攻毒治疗原则基础上,灵活对症施治。此外,吴教授还注重健运中焦,顾护后天之本,认为健脾为扶正之关键。

阮诗玮基于伏邪理论运用透邪法治疗慢性肾脏病经验

阮诗玮教授认为慢性肾脏病反复发作、迁延难愈与伏邪关系密切,总体病机为“正气虚损,邪气深伏”,正气虚损为伏邪蛰藏之夙根,具体可分三类:正虚精亏,伏邪羁藏;外伤淫邪,伺机而发;内生伏邪,蜇机而动。故治疗上以透邪为法,扶正透邪为基本原则,扶正贯穿始终。重视三焦分治:上焦用药以轻宣为法,祛邪务尽;中焦用药以芳香透达、苦燥健运、淡渗利泄为法;下焦用药以固涩收敛、厚味填精、虫蚁捜剔为主。此外,强调病后调护对透达邪气的重要作用。

基于阳虚阴结理论探讨温阳法辨治恶性肿瘤

基于阳虚阴结理论从温阳散寒化痰、温阳益气散结、温阳解郁消积、温阳扶正祛瘀等方面探析恶性肿瘤发生发展的病机,指出恶性肿瘤乃邪盛正虚,阳虚化气不足,阴邪凝积于内,并与痰凝、瘀血、气郁等结合后形成本虚标实之证,故温阳化气,扶正消积为恶性肿瘤的基本治则,临证辨治恶性肿瘤应始终贯彻温阳益气以化阴,促阳化气以抑阴的温阳思想。

何若苹辨治食管癌经验探析

[目的]总结何若苹教授临床辨治食管癌的经验。[方法]通过跟诊学习,收集、整理、分析相关医案,从病因病机、治则治法方面阐述何若苹教授治疗食管癌的临床经验,并附医案一则加以佐证。[结果]何若苹教授认为食管癌发病总以脏腑虚弱为本,气滞、痰浊、瘀血、热毒等病理因素为标。治疗时采用“扶正固本,抗癌攻邪,随证遣药”三方面相辅相成的治疗方法,扶正固本尤以脾胃肾为主;抗癌攻邪主要包括行气散结、化痰祛瘀、清热解毒等治法,强调祛邪有度,勿犯“虚虚实实”之戒;随证遣药即对手术、放化疗、局部支架置入后的患者不适症状进行随证处理,提高患者生活质量。所附医案,上述三方面原则贯穿治疗全程,取得良好疗效。[结论]通过阐述“扶正固本,抗癌攻邪,随证遣药”原则在食管癌治疗中的运用,总结何若苹教授的临证用药经验,对食管癌的临床治疗具有一定的借鉴意义。

从正气亏虚论治肺结节研究进展

肺结节是肺内常见的类圆形或不规则病灶,直径小于或等于3 cm。其在影像学上表现为密度增高的阴影,随着低剂量CT筛查的普遍发展,肺结节被发现的概率日益增高,通常在体检或治疗其他疾病时被偶然发现,多数患者无明显临床症状。肺结节属于临床难治性疾病,西医对其发病机制尚未有明确的认识,治疗上根据其风险程度的不同采取不同的治疗方法。对于风险较低的肺结节主要通过定期复查胸部CT来密切关注其变化,目前尚未提出系统的内科治疗方法;对于风险较高的肺结节则通过穿刺活检来确定是否需要手术切除治疗。中医学对本病的病因病机及治疗有着独到的见解。该病属于中医“肺积”的范畴,中医学认为肺结节病位在肺,基本病机为正气亏虚、痰瘀互结,其中以正气亏虚为本,痰瘀互结为标。在治疗上强调以扶正为本,兼以化痰祛瘀。中医学通过对人体气、血、阴、阳亏虚辨证论治,提出了不同的治疗方法。气虚者重在补益肺脾之气,佐以化痰祛瘀;血虚者强调养血健脾,因血不独生,赖气以生之,故在养血的基础上加以益气之品;阴虚者以益气养阴为主,兼以化痰祛瘀;阳虚者重在温阳散结,佐以活血通络。文章列举现代中医学家论治肺结节的经验,旨在为临床辨证论治肺结节提供思路。