Background:The prevalence of MRSA(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)colonized wounds in home care residents is expected to grow continuously as a result of the substantial proportion of older people requirin...Background:The prevalence of MRSA(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)colonized wounds in home care residents is expected to grow continuously as a result of the substantial proportion of older people requiring institutionalized care due to chronic disease and declining functional status,which contribute to more frequent skin breakdown and wound formation.Tea tree oil has been claimed to have anti-bacterial,analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects that have been suggested in many in-vitro studies to have good efficacy against MRSA.The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of 10%topical tea tree preparation to eradicateMRSA and to ascertain its influence on wound healing forMRSA-colonized wounds.Methods:It was a randomized controlled trial,single-blind study.Those with stage II or above MRSA-colonized wounds and who had given their informed consent formed the sample.The determined sample sizewasbasedonthe effect size of our previouspilot study,whichwas 0.46.Five outcome measurements were taken for the MRSA bacterial count and wound healing condition at baseline and at 1-week intervals during the 4-week dressing intervention period.Results:Thirty-two participants were recruited from two non-government nursing homes,16 in the control group and 16 in the tea tree oil group.The control group residents received routine saline gauze dressing,while the tea tree oil group residents received the 10%topical tea tree preparation dressing.In the tea tree oil group,all chronic wounds that had previously been delayed in healing were healed within 28 days without adverse reaction.MRSA was also completely eradicated in 14(87.5%)out of 16 wounds in the group receiving the 10%topical tea tree preparation.展开更多
Pain is normally treated with oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and opioids. These drugs are dangerous and are responsible for many hospitalizations and deaths. It is much safer to use topical preparations ma...Pain is normally treated with oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and opioids. These drugs are dangerous and are responsible for many hospitalizations and deaths. It is much safer to use topical preparations made from plants to treat pain, even severe pain. Topical preparations must contain compounds that penetrate the skin, inhibit pain receptors such as transient receptor potential cation channels and cyclooxygenase-2, to relieve pain. Inhibition of pain in the skin disrupts the pain cycle and avoids exposure of internal organs to large amounts of toxic compounds. Use of topical pain relievers has the potential to save many lives, decrease medical costs and improve therapy.展开更多
At the first working meeting of the 'Key Technical Standard PromotionProject', an important project of the national scientific and technical support plan during the'11th Five Year' held recently in Bei...At the first working meeting of the 'Key Technical Standard PromotionProject', an important project of the national scientific and technical support plan during the'11th Five Year' held recently in Beijing, the first group of 11 research topics for the 'KeyTechnical Standard Promotion Project' was formally introduced. According to Ms. Yu Xinli, who is incharge of the project as Deputy Director of the China National Institute of Standardization, theproject comprises four aspects: the international standards key breakthrough project, the technicalstandards promotion project of adapting technical trade measures, the technical standards innovationproject of basic public welfare, and the technical standard enhancement project of public security.展开更多
Background:Skin and soft tissue infections are frequent.Candidiasis and Aspergillosis are the most common cutaneous fungal infections.Yemeni alum(Aluminium Potassium Sulphate)is a natural mineral with antifungal and a...Background:Skin and soft tissue infections are frequent.Candidiasis and Aspergillosis are the most common cutaneous fungal infections.Yemeni alum(Aluminium Potassium Sulphate)is a natural mineral with antifungal and antibacterial properties.Objective:This study aimed to confirm Yemeni alum’s antifungal effectiveness against selected fungal strains and develop useful topical formulations.Methods:Using different alum concentrations,we prepared twenty-three formulations,including four non-adjusted aqueous solutions,eight adjusted pH aqueous solutions,eight glycerite solutions,and three Oil/Water cream formulations.Then,we examined the antifungal activity against the suggested fungus.The animal skin irritation test evaluated the local skin sensitivity reactions that might happen upon using the formulations we pre-pared on the intact animal’s skin.Additionally,this study also included six weeks of stability testing to estimate the expected shelf life(t90)of the selected formulations.Results:Alum exerted antifungal effect against Candida albicans,Aspergillus niger,and Aspergillus flavus.The animal’s skin was not irritated by any of the formulations examined.The 5%alum aqueous solution and the 10%alum Oil/Water cream exhibited promising results among all tested formulations.The approximate formulation’s shelf-lives(t90)were 2 and 1.52 years with alum content(%)ranging between 105.75%to 106.02%,respectively.Conclusion:Based on the results we found,10%alum Oil/Water cream is a promising formulation for large-scale manufacture.展开更多
目的:汇总体外透皮试验(In Vitro Permeation Test,IVPT)的设计要求和评价方法,并以Excel中函数公式计算IVPT,助力评价皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药研发质量与疗效。方法:对比美国食品药品管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)、欧洲药...目的:汇总体外透皮试验(In Vitro Permeation Test,IVPT)的设计要求和评价方法,并以Excel中函数公式计算IVPT,助力评价皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药研发质量与疗效。方法:对比美国食品药品管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)、欧洲药品管理局(European Medicines Agency,EMA)、日本医药品医疗器械综合机构(Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency,PMDA)及国家药品监督管理局(National Medical Products Administration,NMPA)相关指导原则中IVPT设计要求及评价方法,并以Excel软件中函数公式计算IVPT,与SAS软件计算结果进行比较。结果:相比于EMA和PMDA对皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药IVPT的评价标准,FDA的评价标准更适合我们对仿制药IVPT进行评价,也较容易被我国药监部门所接受。体外透皮试验除皮肤膜选择PMDA推荐的大鼠、小鼠或猪等至少任何一种动物的腹部或背部外,其他设计可参考FDA指导原则相关建议。对于IVPT结果,Execl软件函数公式计算结果与SAS软件计算结果一致。结论:可优先采用FDA的皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药IVPT指导原则设计试验,并以其评价标准进行等效性评价。此外,本研究已验证Excel替代SAS软件准确计算IVPT,可用于判断皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药研发质量及生物等效性。展开更多
文摘Background:The prevalence of MRSA(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)colonized wounds in home care residents is expected to grow continuously as a result of the substantial proportion of older people requiring institutionalized care due to chronic disease and declining functional status,which contribute to more frequent skin breakdown and wound formation.Tea tree oil has been claimed to have anti-bacterial,analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects that have been suggested in many in-vitro studies to have good efficacy against MRSA.The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of 10%topical tea tree preparation to eradicateMRSA and to ascertain its influence on wound healing forMRSA-colonized wounds.Methods:It was a randomized controlled trial,single-blind study.Those with stage II or above MRSA-colonized wounds and who had given their informed consent formed the sample.The determined sample sizewasbasedonthe effect size of our previouspilot study,whichwas 0.46.Five outcome measurements were taken for the MRSA bacterial count and wound healing condition at baseline and at 1-week intervals during the 4-week dressing intervention period.Results:Thirty-two participants were recruited from two non-government nursing homes,16 in the control group and 16 in the tea tree oil group.The control group residents received routine saline gauze dressing,while the tea tree oil group residents received the 10%topical tea tree preparation dressing.In the tea tree oil group,all chronic wounds that had previously been delayed in healing were healed within 28 days without adverse reaction.MRSA was also completely eradicated in 14(87.5%)out of 16 wounds in the group receiving the 10%topical tea tree preparation.
文摘Pain is normally treated with oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and opioids. These drugs are dangerous and are responsible for many hospitalizations and deaths. It is much safer to use topical preparations made from plants to treat pain, even severe pain. Topical preparations must contain compounds that penetrate the skin, inhibit pain receptors such as transient receptor potential cation channels and cyclooxygenase-2, to relieve pain. Inhibition of pain in the skin disrupts the pain cycle and avoids exposure of internal organs to large amounts of toxic compounds. Use of topical pain relievers has the potential to save many lives, decrease medical costs and improve therapy.
文摘At the first working meeting of the 'Key Technical Standard PromotionProject', an important project of the national scientific and technical support plan during the'11th Five Year' held recently in Beijing, the first group of 11 research topics for the 'KeyTechnical Standard Promotion Project' was formally introduced. According to Ms. Yu Xinli, who is incharge of the project as Deputy Director of the China National Institute of Standardization, theproject comprises four aspects: the international standards key breakthrough project, the technicalstandards promotion project of adapting technical trade measures, the technical standards innovationproject of basic public welfare, and the technical standard enhancement project of public security.
文摘Background:Skin and soft tissue infections are frequent.Candidiasis and Aspergillosis are the most common cutaneous fungal infections.Yemeni alum(Aluminium Potassium Sulphate)is a natural mineral with antifungal and antibacterial properties.Objective:This study aimed to confirm Yemeni alum’s antifungal effectiveness against selected fungal strains and develop useful topical formulations.Methods:Using different alum concentrations,we prepared twenty-three formulations,including four non-adjusted aqueous solutions,eight adjusted pH aqueous solutions,eight glycerite solutions,and three Oil/Water cream formulations.Then,we examined the antifungal activity against the suggested fungus.The animal skin irritation test evaluated the local skin sensitivity reactions that might happen upon using the formulations we pre-pared on the intact animal’s skin.Additionally,this study also included six weeks of stability testing to estimate the expected shelf life(t90)of the selected formulations.Results:Alum exerted antifungal effect against Candida albicans,Aspergillus niger,and Aspergillus flavus.The animal’s skin was not irritated by any of the formulations examined.The 5%alum aqueous solution and the 10%alum Oil/Water cream exhibited promising results among all tested formulations.The approximate formulation’s shelf-lives(t90)were 2 and 1.52 years with alum content(%)ranging between 105.75%to 106.02%,respectively.Conclusion:Based on the results we found,10%alum Oil/Water cream is a promising formulation for large-scale manufacture.
文摘目的:汇总体外透皮试验(In Vitro Permeation Test,IVPT)的设计要求和评价方法,并以Excel中函数公式计算IVPT,助力评价皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药研发质量与疗效。方法:对比美国食品药品管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)、欧洲药品管理局(European Medicines Agency,EMA)、日本医药品医疗器械综合机构(Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency,PMDA)及国家药品监督管理局(National Medical Products Administration,NMPA)相关指导原则中IVPT设计要求及评价方法,并以Excel软件中函数公式计算IVPT,与SAS软件计算结果进行比较。结果:相比于EMA和PMDA对皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药IVPT的评价标准,FDA的评价标准更适合我们对仿制药IVPT进行评价,也较容易被我国药监部门所接受。体外透皮试验除皮肤膜选择PMDA推荐的大鼠、小鼠或猪等至少任何一种动物的腹部或背部外,其他设计可参考FDA指导原则相关建议。对于IVPT结果,Execl软件函数公式计算结果与SAS软件计算结果一致。结论:可优先采用FDA的皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药IVPT指导原则设计试验,并以其评价标准进行等效性评价。此外,本研究已验证Excel替代SAS软件准确计算IVPT,可用于判断皮肤局部外用制剂仿制药研发质量及生物等效性。