An aerial ammunition ad hoc network collaborative localization algorithm based on relative ranging and velocity measurement in a highly-dynamic topographic structure

In the internet of battlefield things, ammunition is becoming networked and intelligent, which depends on location information. Therefore, this paper focuses on the self-organized network collaborative localization of munitions with an aerial three-dimensional(3D) highly-dynamic topographic structure under a satellite denied environment. As for aerial networked munitions, the measurement of munitions is objectively incomplete due to the degenerated and interrupted link of munitions. For this reason, a cluster-oriented collaborative localization method is put forward in this paper. Multidimensional scaling(MDS) was first integrated with a trilateration localization method(TLM) to construct a relative localization algorithm for determining the relative location of a mobile cluster network. The information related to relative velocity was then combined into a collaborative localization framework to devise a TLM-vMDS algorithm. Finally, an iterative refinement algorithm based on scaling by majorizing a complicated function(SMACOF) was employed to effectively eliminate the influence of incomplete link observation on localization accuracy. Compared with the currently available advanced algorithms, the proposed TLM-vMDS algorithm achieves higher localization accuracy and faster convergence for a cluster of extensively networked munitions, and also offers better numerical stability and robustness for highspeed motion models.

On the Spatial Structures of the Narrative in Catch-22

Joseph Heller(1923-1999)’s celebrated novel Catch-22(1961)portrays the predicament of an individual,Captain John Yossarian of the 256th US Army Air Squadron,drifting apart in a helpless prodigious world.The absurdity and ludicrousness of the reconstructed world is strengthened by the elements of space in the narrative text.Drawing on Gabriel Zoran’s model of structuring of space within the fictional world,this essay analyzes the three levels of the structuring of space,namely the topographical level,the chronotopic level,and the textual level,and their functions in the novel.Topographical structures magnify the despair and deadly threats prevalent during wartime,whereas chronotopic structures underscore individual’s active endeavours and spiritual renewal in the face of institutional coercion.Textual structures,with three aspects of the text,the essential selectivity of language,the linearity of the text,and the point of view,bring forward the picture of the personal agony embedded in the grand establishment.