Decoding topological XYZ^(2) codes with reinforcement learning based on attention mechanisms

Quantum error correction, a technique that relies on the principle of redundancy to encode logical information into additional qubits to better protect the system from noise, is necessary to design a viable quantum computer. For this new topological stabilizer code-XYZ^(2) code defined on the cellular lattice, it is implemented on a hexagonal lattice of qubits and it encodes the logical qubits with the help of stabilizer measurements of weight six and weight two. However topological stabilizer codes in cellular lattice quantum systems suffer from the detrimental effects of noise due to interaction with the environment. Several decoding approaches have been proposed to address this problem. Here, we propose the use of a state-attention based reinforcement learning decoder to decode XYZ^(2) codes, which enables the decoder to more accurately focus on the information related to the current decoding position, and the error correction accuracy of our reinforcement learning decoder model under the optimisation conditions can reach 83.27% under the depolarizing noise model, and we have measured thresholds of 0.18856 and 0.19043 for XYZ^(2) codes at code spacing of 3–7 and 7–11, respectively. our study provides directions and ideas for applications of decoding schemes combining reinforcement learning attention mechanisms to other topological quantum error-correcting codes.

Topological Stability and Entropy for Certain Set-valued Maps

In this paper,the dynamics(including shadowing property,expansiveness,topological stability and entropy)of several types of upper semi-continuous set-valued maps are mainly considered from differentiable dynamical systems points of view.It is shown that(1)if f is a hyperbolic endomorphism then for eachε>0 there exists a C^(1)-neighborhood U of f such that the induced set-valued map F_(f,U)has theε-shadowing property,and moreover,if f is an expanding endomorphism then there exists a C^(1)-neighborhood U of f such that the induced set-valued map F_(f,U)has the Lipschitz shadowing property;(2)when a set-valued map F is generated by finite expanding endomorphisms,it has the shadowing property,and moreover,if the collection of the generators has no coincidence point then F is expansive and hence is topologically stable;(3)if f is an expanding endomorphism then for eachε>0 there exists a C^(1)-neighborhood U of f such that h(F_(f,U,ε))=h(f);(4)when F is generated by finite expanding endomorphisms with no coincidence point,the entropy formula of F is given.Furthermore,the dynamics of the set-valued maps based on discontinuous maps on the interval are also considered.

THE ORBIT SHIFT TOPOLOGICAL STABILITY OF ANOSOV MAPS

It is shown that Anosov maps are orbit shift topologically stable.

SYMMETRIC VORTICAL STRUCTURE AND ITS TOPOLOGICAL STABILITY

Using time dependent compressible laminar Navier-Stokes equations with a finite volume method incorporating a third-order-accurate discretization scheme, the flow structures around a slender at certain incidences are numerical simulated and typical crossflow patterns are presented. At incidence 10°, these vortical configurations are different at dissimilar axial locations though they are symmetric. At 35°, the symmetric vortical structures still maintain over the slender, yet their interaction at afterbody is intense than that at the forehody since the two vortices have fully developed downstream. The unstable topological structure of trajectory of saddle-to-saddle points and multiple limit cycle are further discussed in topological stability theory. These structures easily produce bifurcation with perturbation. The results support the view of hydrodynamic instability of vortices flow field.

Topological Stability and Pseudo-orbit Tracing Property for Homeomorphisms on Uniform Spaces

In this paper,we investigate the topological stability and pseudo-orbit tracing property for homeomorphisms on uniform spaces.We introduce the concept of topological stability for homeomorphisms on compact uniform spaces and prove that if a homeomorphism on a compact uniform space is expansive and has pseudo-orbit tracing property,then it is topologically stable.Moreover,we discuss the topological stability for homeomorphisms on uniform spaces from the view of localization.We introduce definitions of topologically stable point and shadowable point for homeomorphisms on uniform spaces and show that every shadowable point of an expansive homeomorphism on a compact uniform space is topologically stable.