Critical rainfall assessment is a very important tool for hazard management of torrents and debris flows in mountainous areas. The Wenchuan Earthquake 2008 caused huge casualties and property damages in the earthquake...Critical rainfall assessment is a very important tool for hazard management of torrents and debris flows in mountainous areas. The Wenchuan Earthquake 2008 caused huge casualties and property damages in the earthquake-stricken area,which also generated large quantities of loose solid materials and increased occurrence probabilities of debris flows. There is an urgent need to quantify the critical rainfall distribution in the area so that better hazard management could be planned and if real time rainfall forecast is available,torrent and debris flow early-warning could be issued in advance. This study is based on 49-year observations (1954-2003) of up to 678 torrent and debris flow events. Detailed contour maps of 1 hour and 24 hour critical rainfalls have been generated (Due to the data limitation,there was insufficient 10 minute critical rainfall to make its contour map). Generally,the contour maps from 1 hour and 24 hours have similar patterns. Three zones with low,medium and high critical rainfalls have been identified. The characteristics of the critical rainfall zones are linked with the local vegetation cover and land forms. Further studies and observations are needed to validate the finding and improve the contour maps.展开更多
This article analyzes the spatial distribution and other characteristics of the mountain torrents in Heilongjiang Province and discusses the factors that cause mountain torrents. The result of the analysis shows that ...This article analyzes the spatial distribution and other characteristics of the mountain torrents in Heilongjiang Province and discusses the factors that cause mountain torrents. The result of the analysis shows that meteorological phenomenon (rainstorm) is the major natural factor that controls the mountain torrents in Heilongjiang Province. Based on this result, this article draws a distribution map of the risk factors of the mountain torrents in Heilingjiang Province. It points out that, in high latitudes and forest regions, because the frozen soil is slow to thaw and the timber is excessively cut down, the formation of the mountain torrents may be accelerated. In the end, the article recommended prevention countermeasures against mountain torrents.展开更多
We described anew species of the Amolops mantzorum group(Anura:Ranidae) from northwestern Hunan Province,China based on morphological and molecular evidence.The new species differs from its congeners by a combination ...We described anew species of the Amolops mantzorum group(Anura:Ranidae) from northwestern Hunan Province,China based on morphological and molecular evidence.The new species differs from its congeners by a combination of the following characteristics:moderate body size of SVL 403-409 mm in adult males(N=3),and 52.6-57.7 mm in adult females(N=3);head length about equal to or larger than head width(HDL/HDW 1.01-1.03);skin on dorsum smooth;dorsolateral folds absent,but developed a series of elongated glands forming an incomplete line;dense small spiny tubercles on lower flanks,and sparse flat tubercles on upper flanks;skin on belly slightly granular,posterior half of ventral surface of thigh glandular;tympanum indistinct,small,covered by glandular skin;presence of dense spiny tubercles around the mouth corner;vomerine teeth present,attached on two oblique ridges;presence of supernumerary tubercles below the bases of fingers Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ;several protruding tubercles around the cloacal region,with a pair of larger tubercles on sides of the anus;webs on each side of toe Ⅳ reaches the region between third subarticular tubercle and digit;and absence of vocal sacs and linea masculine in males.展开更多
Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, Micaps data and ground observation data, the physical characteristics of a heavy snowfall process in eastern Yunnan from January 31 to February 3, 2022 were analyzed. The results sh...Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, Micaps data and ground observation data, the physical characteristics of a heavy snowfall process in eastern Yunnan from January 31 to February 3, 2022 were analyzed. The results show that the circulation background of the heavy snowfall process was "north-ridge and south-trough" type, and the cold air accumulated in the deep East Asian transverse trough. The cold advection behind the trough moved southwards into eastern Yunnan under the movement of the transverse trough. The establishment of upper and lower air jet provided abundant water vapor, and the snowfall area coincided with the strong water vapor convergence area. The strong cold center near the ground was maintained, and the cold air moved southwards. As a result, the cold pad was lasting and deep, and the ground temperature was 0 ℃ or below, which was conducive to snow accumulation on the ground. Seen from the spatial distribution of pseudo-equivalent potential temperature, the low layer always had certain warm and wet conditions during the heavy snowfall, which was conducive to the establishment of unstable energy. The snowfall occurred near the θ se steep area and the warm and wet unstable area. The vertical distribution of temperature had a good indication of precipitation form. The upper layer was controlled by strong cold advection, while the middle and lower troposphere was controlled by warm advection, and there was a warm inversion layer, which was conducive to the transformation of ice crystals into snowflakes, so that ice crystals fell to the ground in the form of snowflakes.展开更多
目的应用Ion Torrent半导体靶向测序技术检测1例枫糖尿症(MSUD)患儿的致病基因突变,明确其致病突变,并探讨该技术用于复杂单基因病检测的可行性。方法采集患儿外周血,提取基因组DNA,经多重PCR扩增富集目的基因片段,构建平均片段大小为30...目的应用Ion Torrent半导体靶向测序技术检测1例枫糖尿症(MSUD)患儿的致病基因突变,明确其致病突变,并探讨该技术用于复杂单基因病检测的可行性。方法采集患儿外周血,提取基因组DNA,经多重PCR扩增富集目的基因片段,构建平均片段大小为300bp左右的文库,经乳液PCR及磁珠颗粒富集,最后采用318半导体测序芯片进行高通量测序,应用Ion Torrent Suite v3.0软件进行数据提取、序列比对及SNPs和Indels提取,再用dbSNP 137数据库过滤得到SNPs和Indels,可疑突变经Sanger法测序验证。结果检出患儿1个新发错义点突变并通过Sanger测序验证,突变是BCKDHB基因第6外显子的NM183050:c.586C>T(p.His196Tyr)。结论 Ion Torrent半导体靶向测序技术可对复杂单基因遗传病进行快速、准确地基因诊断。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Scholarship of Knowledge Innovation Project, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-332)
文摘Critical rainfall assessment is a very important tool for hazard management of torrents and debris flows in mountainous areas. The Wenchuan Earthquake 2008 caused huge casualties and property damages in the earthquake-stricken area,which also generated large quantities of loose solid materials and increased occurrence probabilities of debris flows. There is an urgent need to quantify the critical rainfall distribution in the area so that better hazard management could be planned and if real time rainfall forecast is available,torrent and debris flow early-warning could be issued in advance. This study is based on 49-year observations (1954-2003) of up to 678 torrent and debris flow events. Detailed contour maps of 1 hour and 24 hour critical rainfalls have been generated (Due to the data limitation,there was insufficient 10 minute critical rainfall to make its contour map). Generally,the contour maps from 1 hour and 24 hours have similar patterns. Three zones with low,medium and high critical rainfalls have been identified. The characteristics of the critical rainfall zones are linked with the local vegetation cover and land forms. Further studies and observations are needed to validate the finding and improve the contour maps.
文摘This article analyzes the spatial distribution and other characteristics of the mountain torrents in Heilongjiang Province and discusses the factors that cause mountain torrents. The result of the analysis shows that meteorological phenomenon (rainstorm) is the major natural factor that controls the mountain torrents in Heilongjiang Province. Based on this result, this article draws a distribution map of the risk factors of the mountain torrents in Heilingjiang Province. It points out that, in high latitudes and forest regions, because the frozen soil is slow to thaw and the timber is excessively cut down, the formation of the mountain torrents may be accelerated. In the end, the article recommended prevention countermeasures against mountain torrents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31472021)the National Key Wildlife Subsidy Fund Project of Hunan Province(No.2021-326)+1 种基金the project for Endangered Wildlife Investigation,Supervision and Industry Regulation of the National Forestry and Grassland Bureau of China(No.202207-HN-001)the project for Endangered Wildlife Protection of Hunan Forestry Bureau of China(No.HNYB-202201)。
文摘We described anew species of the Amolops mantzorum group(Anura:Ranidae) from northwestern Hunan Province,China based on morphological and molecular evidence.The new species differs from its congeners by a combination of the following characteristics:moderate body size of SVL 403-409 mm in adult males(N=3),and 52.6-57.7 mm in adult females(N=3);head length about equal to or larger than head width(HDL/HDW 1.01-1.03);skin on dorsum smooth;dorsolateral folds absent,but developed a series of elongated glands forming an incomplete line;dense small spiny tubercles on lower flanks,and sparse flat tubercles on upper flanks;skin on belly slightly granular,posterior half of ventral surface of thigh glandular;tympanum indistinct,small,covered by glandular skin;presence of dense spiny tubercles around the mouth corner;vomerine teeth present,attached on two oblique ridges;presence of supernumerary tubercles below the bases of fingers Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ;several protruding tubercles around the cloacal region,with a pair of larger tubercles on sides of the anus;webs on each side of toe Ⅳ reaches the region between third subarticular tubercle and digit;and absence of vocal sacs and linea masculine in males.
基金Supported by the Project of Meteorological Science and Technology Innovation and Capacity Improvement Program for Young Scholars of Basic Stations in Yunnan(STIAP202210).
文摘Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, Micaps data and ground observation data, the physical characteristics of a heavy snowfall process in eastern Yunnan from January 31 to February 3, 2022 were analyzed. The results show that the circulation background of the heavy snowfall process was "north-ridge and south-trough" type, and the cold air accumulated in the deep East Asian transverse trough. The cold advection behind the trough moved southwards into eastern Yunnan under the movement of the transverse trough. The establishment of upper and lower air jet provided abundant water vapor, and the snowfall area coincided with the strong water vapor convergence area. The strong cold center near the ground was maintained, and the cold air moved southwards. As a result, the cold pad was lasting and deep, and the ground temperature was 0 ℃ or below, which was conducive to snow accumulation on the ground. Seen from the spatial distribution of pseudo-equivalent potential temperature, the low layer always had certain warm and wet conditions during the heavy snowfall, which was conducive to the establishment of unstable energy. The snowfall occurred near the θ se steep area and the warm and wet unstable area. The vertical distribution of temperature had a good indication of precipitation form. The upper layer was controlled by strong cold advection, while the middle and lower troposphere was controlled by warm advection, and there was a warm inversion layer, which was conducive to the transformation of ice crystals into snowflakes, so that ice crystals fell to the ground in the form of snowflakes.
文摘目的应用Ion Torrent半导体靶向测序技术检测1例枫糖尿症(MSUD)患儿的致病基因突变,明确其致病突变,并探讨该技术用于复杂单基因病检测的可行性。方法采集患儿外周血,提取基因组DNA,经多重PCR扩增富集目的基因片段,构建平均片段大小为300bp左右的文库,经乳液PCR及磁珠颗粒富集,最后采用318半导体测序芯片进行高通量测序,应用Ion Torrent Suite v3.0软件进行数据提取、序列比对及SNPs和Indels提取,再用dbSNP 137数据库过滤得到SNPs和Indels,可疑突变经Sanger法测序验证。结果检出患儿1个新发错义点突变并通过Sanger测序验证,突变是BCKDHB基因第6外显子的NM183050:c.586C>T(p.His196Tyr)。结论 Ion Torrent半导体靶向测序技术可对复杂单基因遗传病进行快速、准确地基因诊断。
