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Implement Constitutional Principles to Uncover Tort Cases——An interview with Wang Zhenchuan, deputy chief procurator of the Supreme People's Procuratorate
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作者 STAFF REPORTER CHEN CHUN’AN 《The Journal of Human Rights》 2005年第2期8-12,共5页
EDITOR'S NOTE: Since May 2004, the people's procuratorates in China have concentrated their efforts on uncovering cases of encroaching upon human rights by government functionaries by abusing their power. The ... EDITOR'S NOTE: Since May 2004, the people's procuratorates in China have concentrated their efforts on uncovering cases of encroaching upon human rights by government functionaries by abusing their power. The move has aroused extensive attention. On this, our staff reporter interviewed Deputy Chief Procurator Wang Zhenchuan, who is in charge of the campaign against human rights violations. 展开更多
关键词 over An interview with Wang Zhenchuan Implement constitutional Principles to Uncover tort Cases deputy chief procurator of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate WANG
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The Dynamic System Theory of Legal Protection for Personal Information Rights Infringement
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作者 莫杨燊 NI Weis 《The Journal of Human Rights》 2024年第1期143-172,共30页
The advent of the big data era has presented unprecedented challenges to remedies for personal information infringement in areas such as damage assessment,proof of causation,determination of illegality,fault assessmen... The advent of the big data era has presented unprecedented challenges to remedies for personal information infringement in areas such as damage assessment,proof of causation,determination of illegality,fault assessment,and liability.Traditional tort law is unable to provide a robust response for these challenges,which severely hinders human rights protection in the digital society.The dynamic system theory represents a third path between fixed constitutive elements and general clauses.It both overcomes the rigidity of the“allor-nothing”legal effect evaluation mechanism of the“element-effect”model and avoids the uncertainty of the general clause model.It can effectively enhance the flexibility of the legal system in responding to social changes.In light of this,it is necessary to construct a dynamic foundational evaluation framework for personal information infringement under the guidance of the dynamic system theory.By relying on the dynamic interplay effect of various foundational evaluation elements,this framework can achieve a flexible evaluation of the constitutive elements of liability and the legal effects of liability for personal information infringement.Through this approach,the crisis of personal information infringement in the era of big data can be mitigated,and the realization of personal information rights as digital human rights can be promoted. 展开更多
关键词 personal information digital human rights dynamic system theory constitutive elements of torts LIABILITY
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残障者注意义务标准的合宪性解释——以民事过失侵权纠纷为中心
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作者 朱应平 宋奕辰 《河南财经政法大学学报》 CSSCI 2022年第4期20-34,共15页
在民事过失侵权纠纷中,司法实践与民法理论对于残障者应当负担何种程度的注意义务标准均存在明显分歧。运用合宪性解释的方法,可以通过行动自由的消极面向否定残障者应负担高注意义务的观点,再结合国家负有促进残障者各项权利充分实现... 在民事过失侵权纠纷中,司法实践与民法理论对于残障者应当负担何种程度的注意义务标准均存在明显分歧。运用合宪性解释的方法,可以通过行动自由的消极面向否定残障者应负担高注意义务的观点,再结合国家负有促进残障者各项权利充分实现的积极义务以及社会主义核心价值观的要求,得以初步划定残障者应当承担与其通常认知及控制能力相适应的、低于普通人的注意义务标准。为了调和双方当事人间的基本权利冲突,在基础注意义务标准之上分别为残障者与普通人引入“一般理性人标准”与“意识到相对人可能为残障者而更加谨慎”作为附加标准的二重注意义务标准体系,能够为相关纠纷的妥善处理提供清晰的指引。 展开更多
关键词 残障者 过失侵权 注意义务 合宪性解释 基本权利冲突
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美国惩罚性赔偿制度探究 被引量:20
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作者 朱广新 《比较法研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第3期152-168,共17页
惩罚性赔偿是美国私法的鲜明特色之一。美国之所以广泛承认惩罚性赔偿,一方面是因为其公法性惩罚在制裁恶意行为上存在局限性,另一方面源于对私人检察官理论和陪审团诉讼体制的推崇。为使惩罚性赔偿在惩罚、威慑恶意行为及激励法律执行... 惩罚性赔偿是美国私法的鲜明特色之一。美国之所以广泛承认惩罚性赔偿,一方面是因为其公法性惩罚在制裁恶意行为上存在局限性,另一方面源于对私人检察官理论和陪审团诉讼体制的推崇。为使惩罚性赔偿在惩罚、威慑恶意行为及激励法律执行上发挥实效,承认惩罚性赔偿的美国各州,在适用条件、证据标准、裁决及司法审查程序、赔偿数额、赔偿金分配等方面,无不对惩罚性赔偿作了一定限制。为克服传统司法审查的局限性,美国最高法院为惩罚性赔偿的裁判及其审查确立了明确的合宪性判断标准。我国法律虽然在很多方面迥异于美国法律文化和法治体系,但是美国惩罚性赔偿的立法和判例经验对于完善中国特色的惩罚性赔偿制度仍具有重要的参考意义。 展开更多
关键词 惩罚性赔偿 侵权行为 加重情节 补偿性赔偿 名义性赔偿 合理关系规则 惩罚赔偿的合宪性
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