A relationship between electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) was tested for solutions of same salinity levels with respect to different artificial salts with their combinations. Results showed ...A relationship between electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) was tested for solutions of same salinity levels with respect to different artificial salts with their combinations. Results showed remarkable jumping at the order of the artificial salt sequence specially that of the magnesium type. A computer model is designed with an input of EC and TDS. The output will be the possible prevailing artificial salts. The accuracy of the model was tested by using the groundwater data of Safwan-Zubair area south of Iraq and it proved to be significant at 95% matching. The 5% unmatched results are due to the possibility of having more than one type of prevailing salt.展开更多
Atmospheric particle pollution is one of the major factors leading to degradation of ancient wall paintings,particularly heritage sites in arid and semi-arid regions.However,current systematic research on the changes,...Atmospheric particle pollution is one of the major factors leading to degradation of ancient wall paintings,particularly heritage sites in arid and semi-arid regions.However,current systematic research on the changes,sources,and influential factors of atmospheric particulate matter and its water-soluble ion concentrations is not sufficient.Thus,the major water-soluble ion concentrations,sources,and influential factors of atmospheric particles PM_(2.5) and PM_(10)(particulate matter with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter≤2.5 and 10.0μm,respectively,in ambient air)were collected from Cave 16 and its ambient exterior environment in the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes,China,between April 2015 and March 2016.Results showed that the concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) inside and outside the cave were the highest in March 2016 and the lowest in December 2015.The higher particle concentration from March to May was related to the frequent occurrence of sand and dust events,and the lower particle concentration from June to September was associated with good diffusion conditions,increased precipitation,and an established cave shelterbelt.The concentration of particulate matter inside the cave was affected by the concentration of particles in the air outside the cave.Ca2+,NH+4,Na+,Cl-,and SO2-4were the main components of the total ions of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) both inside and outside the cave.The total ions inside the cave were frequently affected by the disturbance of tourists'activities during the peak tourist season from May to August.Under the influence of dust,the total concentrations of Cl-,SO2-4,Na+,NH+4,and Ca2+in particles of different sizes inside and outside the cave increased,and the concentrations of Cl-,SO2-4,Na+,and Ca2+decreased during precipitation period.Backward air mass trajectory analysis suggested that the pollutants were mainly from Xinjiang,China.The pollutant sources of air particulates are straw burning,secondary pollution sources,soil dust,dry spring rivers,and tourist activities.展开更多
Groundwater mineralization is one of the main factors affecting the transport of soil water and salt in saline-sodic areas.To investigate the effects of groundwater with different levels of salinity on evaporation and...Groundwater mineralization is one of the main factors affecting the transport of soil water and salt in saline-sodic areas.To investigate the effects of groundwater with different levels of salinity on evaporation and distributions of soil water and salt in Songnen Plain,Northeast China,five levels of groundwater sodium adsorption ration of water(SARw)and total salt content(TSC mmol/L)were conducted in an oil column lysimeters.The five treated groundwater labeled as ST0:0,ST0:10,ST5:40,ST10:70 and ST20:100,were prepared with NaCl and CaCl2 in proportion,respectively.The results showed the groundwater evaporation(GWE)and soil evaporation(SE)increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of groundwater salinity.The values of GWE and SE in ST10:70 treatment were the highest,which were 2.09 and 1.84 times the values in the ST0:0 treatment with the lowest GWE and SE.There was a positive linear correlation between GWE and the Ca^(2+)content in groundwater,with R^(2)=0.998.The soil water content(SWC)of ST0:0 treatment was significantly(P<0.05)less than those of other treatments during the test.The SWC of the ST0:0 and ST0:10 treatments increased with the increase of soil depth,while the other treatments showed the opposite trend.Statistical analysis indicated the SWC in the 0–60 cm soil layer was positively correlated with the groundwater TSC and its ion contents during the test.Salt accumulation occurred in the topsoil and the salt accumulation in the 0–20 cm soil layer was significantly(P<0.05)greater than that in the subsoil.This study revealed the effects of the salinity level of groundwater,especially the Ca^(2+)content and TSC of groundwater,on the GWE and distributions of soil water and salt,which provided important support for the prevention and reclamation of soil salinization and sodificaton in shallow groundwater regions.展开更多
为有效抑制椒盐噪声对图像信息的影响,根据椒盐噪声随机破坏图像中像素值的显著特征,本文提出一种耦合噪声检测的自适应模糊正则化噪声去除模型。一方面,基于L_(1)范数建立数据保真项,实现对图像统计分布进行有效拟合。另一方面,通过对...为有效抑制椒盐噪声对图像信息的影响,根据椒盐噪声随机破坏图像中像素值的显著特征,本文提出一种耦合噪声检测的自适应模糊正则化噪声去除模型。一方面,基于L_(1)范数建立数据保真项,实现对图像统计分布进行有效拟合。另一方面,通过对图像中像素相似性的有效量化实现图像中噪声的检测,并将此耦合至正则项中,使得模型可依据像素点实际受噪声的污染对其施加惩罚程度,最终实现椒盐噪声的自适应模糊去除。本文采用交替方向乘子法(Alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)进行模型的数值结果实现,并运用峰值信噪比(Peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)及结构相似性(Structural similarity,SSIM)对实验结果进行评定。实验结果表明,本文提出的模型在PSNR及SSIM方面得到显著提升,其中对于灰度图像的去噪实验PSNR最高可提高1.3dB,SSIM最高可提高0.2。展开更多
[目的]探讨规模化奶牛场不同处理工艺下污水的盐分特征规律,以期为粪污资源化利用提供理论依据。[方法]分别采集河北省17家奶牛场挤奶厅、尿液和固液分离后等经典型工艺处理的污水,测定Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)、Ca^(2+)含...[目的]探讨规模化奶牛场不同处理工艺下污水的盐分特征规律,以期为粪污资源化利用提供理论依据。[方法]分别采集河北省17家奶牛场挤奶厅、尿液和固液分离后等经典型工艺处理的污水,测定Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)、Ca^(2+)含量及全盐量和电导率,分析电导率与盐分离子间的相关性。[结果]奶牛场尿液中无机盐组分以Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)为主,且随着处理工艺的推进,固液分离后无机盐含量逐渐降低,而挤奶厅污水中盐分含量总体上较低,仅Cl^(-)含量略高(436 mg/L);污水中各阶段的全盐量和电导率存在显著差异,且尿液的全盐量和电导率均显著高于挤奶厅和固液分离后的全盐量和电导率,分别为52.2 g/L、23.3 m S/cm;相关性分析表明,全盐量与电导率、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)均呈极显著正相关,相关性最弱的离子是Ca^(2+)。[结论]规模化奶牛场污水中尿液无机盐离子和全盐量最高,固液分离后的次之,挤奶厅的最低,且电导率、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)可表征研究污水盐度的特征因子。展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of crude ethanolic extract of Melothria maderaspatana(M.maderaspatana) leaf(CEEM) on deoxycorticosterone acetate(DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats.Methods:A midscapula...Objective:To investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of crude ethanolic extract of Melothria maderaspatana(M.maderaspatana) leaf(CEEM) on deoxycorticosterone acetate(DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats.Methods:A midscapular incision was made on each rat and the left kidney was excised after ligation of the renal artery.The surgical wound was closed using an absorbable suture.After one week recovery period,hypertension was induced by subcutaneous injection of DOCA-salt solution,twice a week,and the rats received a 1%sodium chloride solution as drinking water throughout the experimental period.CEEM or nifedipine was administered orally once a day for 6 weeks.Results:In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats,the level of plasma and tissues of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),free fatty acids(FFA) and phospholipids (PL) significantly increased and administration of CEEM significantly reduced these parameters towards normality.Further,the levels of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(VLDL-C) significantly increased while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased in hypertensive rats and administration of CEEM brought these parameters to normality which proved their antihyperlipidemic action.Histopathology of liver, kidney and heart on DOCA-salt induced rats treated with CEEM showed reduced the damages towards normal histology.Conclusions:These findings provided evidence that CEEM was found to be protecting the liver,kidney and heart against DOCA-salt administration and the protective effect could attribute to its antihyperlipidemic activities.展开更多
文摘A relationship between electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) was tested for solutions of same salinity levels with respect to different artificial salts with their combinations. Results showed remarkable jumping at the order of the artificial salt sequence specially that of the magnesium type. A computer model is designed with an input of EC and TDS. The output will be the possible prevailing artificial salts. The accuracy of the model was tested by using the groundwater data of Safwan-Zubair area south of Iraq and it proved to be significant at 95% matching. The 5% unmatched results are due to the possibility of having more than one type of prevailing salt.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51962001,32260292)the National Key Research&Development Projects(2020YFC1522200)the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(20JR5RA051,21YF1FF371).
文摘Atmospheric particle pollution is one of the major factors leading to degradation of ancient wall paintings,particularly heritage sites in arid and semi-arid regions.However,current systematic research on the changes,sources,and influential factors of atmospheric particulate matter and its water-soluble ion concentrations is not sufficient.Thus,the major water-soluble ion concentrations,sources,and influential factors of atmospheric particles PM_(2.5) and PM_(10)(particulate matter with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter≤2.5 and 10.0μm,respectively,in ambient air)were collected from Cave 16 and its ambient exterior environment in the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes,China,between April 2015 and March 2016.Results showed that the concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) inside and outside the cave were the highest in March 2016 and the lowest in December 2015.The higher particle concentration from March to May was related to the frequent occurrence of sand and dust events,and the lower particle concentration from June to September was associated with good diffusion conditions,increased precipitation,and an established cave shelterbelt.The concentration of particulate matter inside the cave was affected by the concentration of particles in the air outside the cave.Ca2+,NH+4,Na+,Cl-,and SO2-4were the main components of the total ions of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) both inside and outside the cave.The total ions inside the cave were frequently affected by the disturbance of tourists'activities during the peak tourist season from May to August.Under the influence of dust,the total concentrations of Cl-,SO2-4,Na+,NH+4,and Ca2+in particles of different sizes inside and outside the cave increased,and the concentrations of Cl-,SO2-4,Na+,and Ca2+decreased during precipitation period.Backward air mass trajectory analysis suggested that the pollutants were mainly from Xinjiang,China.The pollutant sources of air particulates are straw burning,secondary pollution sources,soil dust,dry spring rivers,and tourist activities.
基金Under the auspices of National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1500501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971066)+1 种基金Key Laboratory Foundation of Mollisols Agroecology(No.2020ZKHT-03)High Tech Fund Project of S&T Cooperation Between Jilin Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2022SYHZ0018)。
文摘Groundwater mineralization is one of the main factors affecting the transport of soil water and salt in saline-sodic areas.To investigate the effects of groundwater with different levels of salinity on evaporation and distributions of soil water and salt in Songnen Plain,Northeast China,five levels of groundwater sodium adsorption ration of water(SARw)and total salt content(TSC mmol/L)were conducted in an oil column lysimeters.The five treated groundwater labeled as ST0:0,ST0:10,ST5:40,ST10:70 and ST20:100,were prepared with NaCl and CaCl2 in proportion,respectively.The results showed the groundwater evaporation(GWE)and soil evaporation(SE)increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of groundwater salinity.The values of GWE and SE in ST10:70 treatment were the highest,which were 2.09 and 1.84 times the values in the ST0:0 treatment with the lowest GWE and SE.There was a positive linear correlation between GWE and the Ca^(2+)content in groundwater,with R^(2)=0.998.The soil water content(SWC)of ST0:0 treatment was significantly(P<0.05)less than those of other treatments during the test.The SWC of the ST0:0 and ST0:10 treatments increased with the increase of soil depth,while the other treatments showed the opposite trend.Statistical analysis indicated the SWC in the 0–60 cm soil layer was positively correlated with the groundwater TSC and its ion contents during the test.Salt accumulation occurred in the topsoil and the salt accumulation in the 0–20 cm soil layer was significantly(P<0.05)greater than that in the subsoil.This study revealed the effects of the salinity level of groundwater,especially the Ca^(2+)content and TSC of groundwater,on the GWE and distributions of soil water and salt,which provided important support for the prevention and reclamation of soil salinization and sodificaton in shallow groundwater regions.
文摘为有效抑制椒盐噪声对图像信息的影响,根据椒盐噪声随机破坏图像中像素值的显著特征,本文提出一种耦合噪声检测的自适应模糊正则化噪声去除模型。一方面,基于L_(1)范数建立数据保真项,实现对图像统计分布进行有效拟合。另一方面,通过对图像中像素相似性的有效量化实现图像中噪声的检测,并将此耦合至正则项中,使得模型可依据像素点实际受噪声的污染对其施加惩罚程度,最终实现椒盐噪声的自适应模糊去除。本文采用交替方向乘子法(Alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)进行模型的数值结果实现,并运用峰值信噪比(Peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)及结构相似性(Structural similarity,SSIM)对实验结果进行评定。实验结果表明,本文提出的模型在PSNR及SSIM方面得到显著提升,其中对于灰度图像的去噪实验PSNR最高可提高1.3dB,SSIM最高可提高0.2。
文摘[目的]探讨规模化奶牛场不同处理工艺下污水的盐分特征规律,以期为粪污资源化利用提供理论依据。[方法]分别采集河北省17家奶牛场挤奶厅、尿液和固液分离后等经典型工艺处理的污水,测定Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)、Ca^(2+)含量及全盐量和电导率,分析电导率与盐分离子间的相关性。[结果]奶牛场尿液中无机盐组分以Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)为主,且随着处理工艺的推进,固液分离后无机盐含量逐渐降低,而挤奶厅污水中盐分含量总体上较低,仅Cl^(-)含量略高(436 mg/L);污水中各阶段的全盐量和电导率存在显著差异,且尿液的全盐量和电导率均显著高于挤奶厅和固液分离后的全盐量和电导率,分别为52.2 g/L、23.3 m S/cm;相关性分析表明,全盐量与电导率、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)均呈极显著正相关,相关性最弱的离子是Ca^(2+)。[结论]规模化奶牛场污水中尿液无机盐离子和全盐量最高,固液分离后的次之,挤奶厅的最低,且电导率、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Na^(+)、K^(+)可表征研究污水盐度的特征因子。
基金financially supported by UGC-SAP Merit sholarship from the university grants connission
文摘Objective:To investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of crude ethanolic extract of Melothria maderaspatana(M.maderaspatana) leaf(CEEM) on deoxycorticosterone acetate(DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats.Methods:A midscapular incision was made on each rat and the left kidney was excised after ligation of the renal artery.The surgical wound was closed using an absorbable suture.After one week recovery period,hypertension was induced by subcutaneous injection of DOCA-salt solution,twice a week,and the rats received a 1%sodium chloride solution as drinking water throughout the experimental period.CEEM or nifedipine was administered orally once a day for 6 weeks.Results:In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats,the level of plasma and tissues of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),free fatty acids(FFA) and phospholipids (PL) significantly increased and administration of CEEM significantly reduced these parameters towards normality.Further,the levels of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(VLDL-C) significantly increased while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased in hypertensive rats and administration of CEEM brought these parameters to normality which proved their antihyperlipidemic action.Histopathology of liver, kidney and heart on DOCA-salt induced rats treated with CEEM showed reduced the damages towards normal histology.Conclusions:These findings provided evidence that CEEM was found to be protecting the liver,kidney and heart against DOCA-salt administration and the protective effect could attribute to its antihyperlipidemic activities.
