[Objective] The aim was to study the relation between solar radiation distribution and meteorological elements in Guangxi. [Method] Based on the observed data of solar radiation in Guangxi from 1995 to 2009, the total...[Objective] The aim was to study the relation between solar radiation distribution and meteorological elements in Guangxi. [Method] Based on the observed data of solar radiation in Guangxi from 1995 to 2009, the total radiation, solar distribution and interannual changes in Guangxi were analyzed. By dint of observed data in Nanning station, the annual, seasonal and monthly changes of net radiation in Nanning and the linear relation between total radiation, solar distribution characteristics and interannual changes were discussed. [Result] The global radiation of surface solar radiation in the low latitude was higher tan the high latitude, as Beihai>Nanning>Guilin. The solar radiation changes and the seasonal changes in different places varied, as summer>autumn>spring>winter. The total radiation and solar radiation hours were consistent. The total solar radiation and the low cloud was in negative relation, but was in positive relation with sunny weather. The total solar radiation was in positive relation with ground temperature, except in winter. [Conclusion] The study provided effective theoretical basis and data reference to the study of climate and development of solar energy.展开更多
Porous structure in orthopedic prosthesis may reduce micromotion and increase the service life of implants.The purposes of this study were to compare the influence of the tibial stems with solid and porous structures ...Porous structure in orthopedic prosthesis may reduce micromotion and increase the service life of implants.The purposes of this study were to compare the influence of the tibial stems with solid and porous structures in Total Knee Arthroplasty(TKA)on knee joint and prostheses,and to improve the mechanical stability of the host bone by seeking favorable structure for the tibial stem.The Finite Element(FE)models of TKA knee with four different structures in the middle segment of the tibial stem(i.e.,solid,cubic,truncated cubic,and octahedral structures)were constructed.The distributions of von Mises stress in the knee joint,tibial prosthesis and proximal tibia,and the compressive stresses of the tibial prosthesis and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene for the four FE models were analyzed.The results showed that the tibial stem filled with the octahedral structure has the best mechanical performance among the above four types of tibial stems.It could effectively reduce the stress concentration and stress shielding effects,and provide an improved mechanical environment for knee joint after TKA.This study would shed some lights on the design and fabrication of porous implants targeted to biomedical applications.展开更多
In this study,the effects of in vivo(head flexion-extension,lateral bending,and axial rotation)and in vitro(ISO 18192-1)working conditions on the wear of ultrahigh mo-lecular weight polyethylene(UHWMPE)-based cervical...In this study,the effects of in vivo(head flexion-extension,lateral bending,and axial rotation)and in vitro(ISO 18192-1)working conditions on the wear of ultrahigh mo-lecular weight polyethylene(UHWMPE)-based cervical disc prosthesis were studied via numerical simulation.A finite-element-based wear prediction framework was built by using a sliding distance and contact area dependent Archard wear law.Moreover,a pre-developed cervical spine multi-body dynamics model was incorporated to obtain the in vivo conditions.Contact mechanic analysis stated that in vitro conditions normally led to a higher contact stress and a longer sliding distance,with oval or crossing-path-typed sliding track.In contrast,in vivo conditions led to a curvilinear-typed sliding track.In general,the predicted in vivo wear rate was one order of magnitude smaller than that of in vitro.According to the yearly occurrence of head movement,the estimated total in vivo wear rate was 0.595 mg/annual.While,the wear rate given by the ISO standard test condition was 3.32 mg/annual.There is a significant impact of loading and kinematic condition on the wear of UHMWPE prosthesis.The work conducted in the present study provided a feasible way for quantitatively assessing the wear of joint prosthesis.展开更多
土壤氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)主要产生于土壤微生物参与的氮循环过程,其排放量受磷含量及有效性影响。添加磷肥有助于缓解陆地生态系统磷限制,提升土壤有效磷含量,进一步影响土壤微生物对氮的利用,同时控制N_(2)O排放。然而不同独立实验中N_(2)...土壤氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)主要产生于土壤微生物参与的氮循环过程,其排放量受磷含量及有效性影响。添加磷肥有助于缓解陆地生态系统磷限制,提升土壤有效磷含量,进一步影响土壤微生物对氮的利用,同时控制N_(2)O排放。然而不同独立实验中N_(2)O对外源磷添加的响应差异较大。研究从发表的中、英文文献中收集了54份关于施用磷肥与N_(2)O排放量的观测结果,采用元分析方法确定添加外源磷后N_(2)O排放量的响应差异及潜在影响因素。结果表明:(1)外源磷添加对土壤N_(2)O排放量影响不显著;但在磷肥施用量>50 kg P/hm^(2)的室外实验中土壤N_(2)O排放量显著降低了32.5%;施用NaH_(2)PO_(4)的室内实验中N_(2)O排放量显著降低了18.4%。(2)土壤N_(2)O对外源磷添加响应的高变异性是磷肥施用量和土壤含水量、土壤pH、土地利用类型、磷肥种类、纬度和实验时间多种影响因素共同作用的结果。(3)室外和室内实验回归分析中总磷、有效磷回归系数分别为-1.433(P<0.001)、-0.043(P<0.001),随磷含量增加N_(2)O排放量具有降低趋势。研究结果表明识别土壤磷与N_(2)O的作用关系有助于为理解元素生物地球化学循环和缓解全球气候变暖提供新的认识。展开更多
Crowe IV型髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)的全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中,多数患者需要截骨保证复位,目前横行截骨是运用最广泛的术式,但截骨的最佳高度仍存在争议。本文通过建立Crowe IV型...Crowe IV型髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)的全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中,多数患者需要截骨保证复位,目前横行截骨是运用最广泛的术式,但截骨的最佳高度仍存在争议。本文通过建立Crowe IV型DDH患者的有限元模型,分析了在不同载荷下,不同截骨高度模型的应力分布与位移情况。结果表明:在多项指标下,小转子下0 cm的截骨高度均表现出了较优性能。在不影响假体安放和断端对合情况允许的情况下,推荐在手术中使用0 cm的截骨高度。展开更多
背景:人工膝关节置换作为治疗膝关节骨性关节炎、类风湿性关节炎等各类终末期关节疾患最有效的方法,广泛应用于关节外科领域。有限元分析是随着计算机技术不断进步而逐渐发展而来的一种生物力学研究方法,具有强大的建模功能和三维仿真...背景:人工膝关节置换作为治疗膝关节骨性关节炎、类风湿性关节炎等各类终末期关节疾患最有效的方法,广泛应用于关节外科领域。有限元分析是随着计算机技术不断进步而逐渐发展而来的一种生物力学研究方法,具有强大的建模功能和三维仿真特点。目前,有限元分析已广泛应用于骨科生物力学研究。目的:综述有限元分析技术在各类人工膝关节置换术中的应用现状与进展。方法:使用计算机检索PubMed、CNKI、万方数据库发表的关于有限元分析与人工膝关节置换的相关文献,文献发表时间为从各数据库建库至2022年8月,英文检索词:finite element analysis,TKA,UKA,revision total knee arthroplasty,knee osteoarthritis,knee joint,femoral component,tibia component;中文检索词:有限元分析,全膝关节置换术,单髁置换术,膝关节翻修术,膝关节,股骨假体,胫骨假体,最终共纳入53篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:①在全膝关节置换过程中,活动平台较固定平台降低了胫股关节接触面应力,从而减少了聚乙烯垫片的磨损;相对于机械对线,采用运动对线的全膝关节置换人工关节的股骨假体与聚乙烯垫片的最大应力与最大应变值均减小,产生的应力更低,从而减少关节接触面的磨损,延长假体寿命;②在单髁置换过程中,活动平台股骨和胫骨假体形合性较好,能够减少假体磨损;而固定平台假体单髁置换应避免过度形合引起局部应力集中而导致加速假体磨损;③在人工膝关节翻修术中,延长杆的设计长度应在保留骨质和植入后减少假体周围应力之间保持最佳平衡;与骨水泥延长杆相比,压配式延长杆显示出更高的微动;④相对于传统的力学研究而言,有限元分析可以进行相对较为准确的模拟,弥补了传统力学在膝关节研究上的不足,因此在医学领域具有较高的应用价值。展开更多
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the relation between solar radiation distribution and meteorological elements in Guangxi. [Method] Based on the observed data of solar radiation in Guangxi from 1995 to 2009, the total radiation, solar distribution and interannual changes in Guangxi were analyzed. By dint of observed data in Nanning station, the annual, seasonal and monthly changes of net radiation in Nanning and the linear relation between total radiation, solar distribution characteristics and interannual changes were discussed. [Result] The global radiation of surface solar radiation in the low latitude was higher tan the high latitude, as Beihai>Nanning>Guilin. The solar radiation changes and the seasonal changes in different places varied, as summer>autumn>spring>winter. The total radiation and solar radiation hours were consistent. The total solar radiation and the low cloud was in negative relation, but was in positive relation with sunny weather. The total solar radiation was in positive relation with ground temperature, except in winter. [Conclusion] The study provided effective theoretical basis and data reference to the study of climate and development of solar energy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11872095,11702110)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20200201260JC)the Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(No.101832018C194)for financial support.
文摘Porous structure in orthopedic prosthesis may reduce micromotion and increase the service life of implants.The purposes of this study were to compare the influence of the tibial stems with solid and porous structures in Total Knee Arthroplasty(TKA)on knee joint and prostheses,and to improve the mechanical stability of the host bone by seeking favorable structure for the tibial stem.The Finite Element(FE)models of TKA knee with four different structures in the middle segment of the tibial stem(i.e.,solid,cubic,truncated cubic,and octahedral structures)were constructed.The distributions of von Mises stress in the knee joint,tibial prosthesis and proximal tibia,and the compressive stresses of the tibial prosthesis and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene for the four FE models were analyzed.The results showed that the tibial stem filled with the octahedral structure has the best mechanical performance among the above four types of tibial stems.It could effectively reduce the stress concentration and stress shielding effects,and provide an improved mechanical environment for knee joint after TKA.This study would shed some lights on the design and fabrication of porous implants targeted to biomedical applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51675508Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China,Grant/Award Number:2020JQ-728。
文摘In this study,the effects of in vivo(head flexion-extension,lateral bending,and axial rotation)and in vitro(ISO 18192-1)working conditions on the wear of ultrahigh mo-lecular weight polyethylene(UHWMPE)-based cervical disc prosthesis were studied via numerical simulation.A finite-element-based wear prediction framework was built by using a sliding distance and contact area dependent Archard wear law.Moreover,a pre-developed cervical spine multi-body dynamics model was incorporated to obtain the in vivo conditions.Contact mechanic analysis stated that in vitro conditions normally led to a higher contact stress and a longer sliding distance,with oval or crossing-path-typed sliding track.In contrast,in vivo conditions led to a curvilinear-typed sliding track.In general,the predicted in vivo wear rate was one order of magnitude smaller than that of in vitro.According to the yearly occurrence of head movement,the estimated total in vivo wear rate was 0.595 mg/annual.While,the wear rate given by the ISO standard test condition was 3.32 mg/annual.There is a significant impact of loading and kinematic condition on the wear of UHMWPE prosthesis.The work conducted in the present study provided a feasible way for quantitatively assessing the wear of joint prosthesis.
文摘土壤氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)主要产生于土壤微生物参与的氮循环过程,其排放量受磷含量及有效性影响。添加磷肥有助于缓解陆地生态系统磷限制,提升土壤有效磷含量,进一步影响土壤微生物对氮的利用,同时控制N_(2)O排放。然而不同独立实验中N_(2)O对外源磷添加的响应差异较大。研究从发表的中、英文文献中收集了54份关于施用磷肥与N_(2)O排放量的观测结果,采用元分析方法确定添加外源磷后N_(2)O排放量的响应差异及潜在影响因素。结果表明:(1)外源磷添加对土壤N_(2)O排放量影响不显著;但在磷肥施用量>50 kg P/hm^(2)的室外实验中土壤N_(2)O排放量显著降低了32.5%;施用NaH_(2)PO_(4)的室内实验中N_(2)O排放量显著降低了18.4%。(2)土壤N_(2)O对外源磷添加响应的高变异性是磷肥施用量和土壤含水量、土壤pH、土地利用类型、磷肥种类、纬度和实验时间多种影响因素共同作用的结果。(3)室外和室内实验回归分析中总磷、有效磷回归系数分别为-1.433(P<0.001)、-0.043(P<0.001),随磷含量增加N_(2)O排放量具有降低趋势。研究结果表明识别土壤磷与N_(2)O的作用关系有助于为理解元素生物地球化学循环和缓解全球气候变暖提供新的认识。
文摘Crowe IV型髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)的全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中,多数患者需要截骨保证复位,目前横行截骨是运用最广泛的术式,但截骨的最佳高度仍存在争议。本文通过建立Crowe IV型DDH患者的有限元模型,分析了在不同载荷下,不同截骨高度模型的应力分布与位移情况。结果表明:在多项指标下,小转子下0 cm的截骨高度均表现出了较优性能。在不影响假体安放和断端对合情况允许的情况下,推荐在手术中使用0 cm的截骨高度。
文摘背景:人工膝关节置换作为治疗膝关节骨性关节炎、类风湿性关节炎等各类终末期关节疾患最有效的方法,广泛应用于关节外科领域。有限元分析是随着计算机技术不断进步而逐渐发展而来的一种生物力学研究方法,具有强大的建模功能和三维仿真特点。目前,有限元分析已广泛应用于骨科生物力学研究。目的:综述有限元分析技术在各类人工膝关节置换术中的应用现状与进展。方法:使用计算机检索PubMed、CNKI、万方数据库发表的关于有限元分析与人工膝关节置换的相关文献,文献发表时间为从各数据库建库至2022年8月,英文检索词:finite element analysis,TKA,UKA,revision total knee arthroplasty,knee osteoarthritis,knee joint,femoral component,tibia component;中文检索词:有限元分析,全膝关节置换术,单髁置换术,膝关节翻修术,膝关节,股骨假体,胫骨假体,最终共纳入53篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:①在全膝关节置换过程中,活动平台较固定平台降低了胫股关节接触面应力,从而减少了聚乙烯垫片的磨损;相对于机械对线,采用运动对线的全膝关节置换人工关节的股骨假体与聚乙烯垫片的最大应力与最大应变值均减小,产生的应力更低,从而减少关节接触面的磨损,延长假体寿命;②在单髁置换过程中,活动平台股骨和胫骨假体形合性较好,能够减少假体磨损;而固定平台假体单髁置换应避免过度形合引起局部应力集中而导致加速假体磨损;③在人工膝关节翻修术中,延长杆的设计长度应在保留骨质和植入后减少假体周围应力之间保持最佳平衡;与骨水泥延长杆相比,压配式延长杆显示出更高的微动;④相对于传统的力学研究而言,有限元分析可以进行相对较为准确的模拟,弥补了传统力学在膝关节研究上的不足,因此在医学领域具有较高的应用价值。