Prediction and Analysis of Total Nitrogen in a Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent

Total nitrogen was an important indicator for characterizing eutrophication of polluted water. Although the use of water quality online monitoring instrument can monitor water quality changes in real time, the degree of intelligence was low, so it was urgent to predict the water quality and take precautions in advance. A predictive model for total nitrogen levels in a sewage treatment plant utilizing the Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic (AAO) process was investigated in this paper. This model demonstrated significant practical application value. Based on the ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) model and taking into account the impact of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), a prediction model for effluent total nitrogen was developed. However, the initial results exhibited significant deviations. To address this issue, seasonal factors were further considered. Then, the dataset was divided into winter and Non-winter sub-samples, leading to a reconstruction of the prediction model. Additionally, in developing the Non-winter prediction model, life cycle considerations were incorporated, and consequently, a SARIMA (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) model was established. The predicting deviation associated with both the winter and Non-winter forecasting models showed a significant reduction.

Neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer: Where we are and where we are going

Locally advanced rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach based on total neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy(RT)and chemotherapy(ChT),followed by deferred surgery.Currently,alternatives to the standard total neoadjuvant therapy(TNT)are being explored,such as new ChT regimens or the introduction of immunotherapy.With standard TNT,up to a third of patients may achieve a complete pathological response(CPR),potentially avoiding surgery.However,as of now,we lack predictive markers of response that would allow us to define criteria for a conservative organ strategy.The presence of muta-tions,genes,or new imaging tests is helping to define these criteria.An example of this is the diffusion coefficient in the diffusion-weighted sequence of magnetic resonance imaging and the integration of this imaging technique into RT treatment.This allows for the monitoring of the evolution of this coefficient over successive RT sessions,helping to determine which patients will achieve CPR or those who may require intensification of neoadjuvant therapy.

Early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism after total joint replacement: report of five cases

Objective To study the early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE) after total joint replacement (TJR). Methods From April 1987 to December 2001, we performed 1 336 total knee replacements (TKR) in 926 patients and 1 745 total hip replacements (RHRs) in 1 566 patients. In this group there were 5 PE patients after operation. Two patients died (all after TKR), and 3 patients salvaged successfully (2 after TKR, 1 after THR). Results The total incidence of PE after TJR was 0. 2% (5/2 492), the incidence of PE after TKR was 0. 4% (4/926), and the incidence of PE after THR was 0.06% (1/1 556). In the patients who suffered PE, 2 died. The incidence of PE before 2000 was 0%. Conclusion Death after total joint replacement is due to pulmonary embolism ( PE), especially massive PE. The incidence of PE after TKR is higher than that after THR. Pulmonary angiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of PE. With more understanding on PE and more popularity of joint replacement, the diagnosis of PE

Surgical treatment for infra-cardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and early-mid follow-up results in 17 cases

Objective To evaluate effectiveness of urgent surgical correction for infra cardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) in infants and children. Methods From July 2000 to April 2009,seventeen patients with infra-cardiac type of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection received surgical correction

Experimental Study of Effluent Salty Wastewater Treatment from a Solar Desalination Pond

In this research, the quality of the wastewater discharged into the environment has been investigated. The effluent from solar desalination pond contains large amounts of TDS (3.68 grams per liter) and TH (6.50 grams per liter). Since the use of filter is not economical in this case, three types of commercial coagulants such as aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfide have been used in this study. The main parameters such as effectiveness of three inorganic coagulants, ammonium sulfate, ferric sulfate, and ferric chloride, which separately help to remove hardness, have been studied. According to the results, using laboratory test, 25/g of ferric sulfate as coagulant is best coagulant mass and the ratio of 4 to 3 for auxiliary coagulant (sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide) to coagulant will be best ratio. Also, the mixing rate of 120 rpm in the first reactor will give the best mixing speed. These conditions will lead to 0.348 grams per liter of TDS, 0.345 grams per liter of TH and 0.195 grams per liter of calcium hardness and 300 micro Siemens electrical conductivity of the purified sample.

经腹膜后入路单孔腹腔镜全脾切除术的临床应用效果

目的探讨经腹膜后入路单孔腹腔镜全脾切除术的安全性和可行性。方法回顾性分析2017年1月1日至2022年12月30日云南省第一人民医院行经腹膜后入路单孔腹腔镜全脾切除术治疗的10例患者的围手术期情况及术后恢复情况。结果本组10例患者全部顺利施行经腹膜后入路单孔腹腔镜全脾切除术,无中转开腹病例,手术时间56~260 min,术中出血量20~400 mL,无术中并发症发生。术后第1天引流液淀粉酶值53~5400 U/L(中位数652.9 U/L);9例于术后第3天淀粉酶水平基本恢复正常;1例出现胰瘘(生化漏),经通畅引流后未出现后续并发症。2例出现血小板升高,经抗凝治疗后未出现后续并发症。术后住院时间5~17 d(中位时间9.2 d)。10例患者均门诊随访观察2~12个月,中位随访时间6个月,均无后续并发症。结论对于仅单纯行脾脏切除术的患者,经腹膜后入路单孔腹腔镜全脾切除术是安全可行的。

The clinical study of modified total aortic arch replacement and stent elephant trunk technique treatment for patients with DeBakey Ⅰ thoracic aortic dissection

Objective To summarize the clinical study of modified total aortic arch replacement and stent elephant trunk technique treatment to patients with DeBakey Ⅰ thoracic aortic dissection. Methods From January 2006 to October 2010,101 cases of DeBakeyⅠaortic dissection were treated by modified total arch replacement and stent elephant trunk technique,in which emergencey surgery were performed on 73 cases. There were 76 male and 25

络合沉淀法—硫化沉淀法联合处理铜氰贫液试验研究

针对某黄金生产企业产生的铜氰贫液,采用络合沉淀法—硫化沉淀法联合进行回收处理。在络合沉淀法五水合硫酸铜投加量3.0 g/L、焦亚硫酸钠投加量2.0 g/L,硫化沉淀法九水合硫化钠加药量0.35 g/L条件下,铜氰贫液中总氰化合物、铜和硫氰酸盐质量浓度从150.84 mg/L、121.46 mg/L、252.65 mg/L降至0.44 mg/L、86.17 mg/L、1.23 mg/L,回收金、银、铜的产值为116.62元/m^(3),扣除药剂成本后产生经济效益55.44元/m^(3)。研究结果为类似氰化企业铜氰贫液的净化处理提供参考。

基于“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理在全髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果分析

目的:观察“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理在全髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果。方法:将88例全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和三因组各44例。对照组给予西医常规护理,三因组在对照组的基础上给予“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理。观察两组患者术前及术后6天视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)评分、术后7天炎症指标[白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)]、术后5个月Harris髋关节评分、并发症及护理满意度。结果:术后6天两组患者VAS和HAMA评分均低于术前(P<0.05),三因组低于对照组(P<0.05);术后7天两组患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平均高于术前(P<0.05),三因组低于对照组(P<0.05);术后5个月,三因组患者Harris髋关节疼痛评分低于对照组(P<0.05),活动度、功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),畸形评分与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三因组患者并发症总发生率为2.27%(1/44),低于对照组的13.64%(6/44)(P<0.05);三因组患者总满意度为95.45%(42/44),高于对照组的79.55%(35/44)(P<0.05)。结论:基于“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理可有效缓解THA患者疼痛,抑制炎症反应、改善髋关节功能,降低术后并发症,提高护理满意度。

基于倾向性评分匹配的机器人与腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术的短期疗效分析

目的:对比机器人与腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术的短期临床疗效。方法:回顾分析2020年8月至2022年12月行机器人与腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除术的112例患者的临床资料。采用倾向评分匹配法对两组患者的临床资料进行1∶1匹配,两组各30例患者匹配成功,匹配后对比分析两组手术情况、术后恢复情况及术后30 d并发症。结果:匹配后两组患者临床资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。机器人组中1例中转腹腔镜手术,腹腔镜组无中转开腹。两组左结肠动脉保留、盆底腹膜关闭、环周切缘阳性率、远切缘距离、淋巴结清扫数量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。机器人组预防性回肠造口率低于腹腔镜组,术中出血量少于腹腔镜组,吻合口加固缝合数量多于腹腔镜组,术后第1天C-反应蛋白水平低于腹腔镜组,总手术时间长于腹腔镜组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组首次排气时间、拔除尿管时间、肛管留置时间、首次进食时间、术后住院时间、术后30 d并发症差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:机器人全直肠系膜切除术可获得与腹腔镜手术相似的短期临床疗效,机器人手术时间更长,但具有组织损伤轻、术中出血少、回肠造口率低的优势。

DBIL/TBIL表达与超声引导下射频消融治疗原发性肝癌患者复发的关系

目的分析血清直接胆红素(DBIL)/总胆红素(TBIL)比值与超声引导下射频消融治疗原发性肝癌(PLC)患者复发的关系。方法入选2018年3月至2021年2月124例拟行射频消融治疗的PLC患者作为研究对象,根据研究目的,在射频消融治疗前常规检测相关指标,包括血清DBIL、TBIL、肿瘤标志物及患者一般临床资料。以射频消融治疗达到完全消融视为消融成功,将消融治疗成功后2 a内复发视为随访终点,采用Cox回归,分析血清DBIL/TBIL与超声引导下射频消融治疗PLC患者复发的关系。结果2018年3月至2021年2月共收录124例PLC患者,一次消融成功率为92.06%(116/126),复发率为21.55%(25/116),射频消融治疗后复发患者肿瘤数目、肿瘤直径大于未复发患者,血清TBIL、DBIL低于未复发患者,甲胎蛋白、DBIL/TBIL比值高于未复发患者(P<0.05)。构建Cox回归分析显示,肿瘤数量≥3、瘤体直径、血清TBIL表达下调,DBIL/TBIL比值升高导致PLC患者射频消融治疗后复发风险增加(P<0.05)。绘制受试者工作特征曲线,血清DBIL/TBIL比值预测PLC患者射频消融治疗后复发的曲线下面积为0.776,当DBIL/TBIL截断值达到0.50时,可以获得最高敏感度(0.920)和特异度(0.495)。结论血清DBIL/TBIL比值升高导致PLC患者射频消融治疗后2 a内复发风险增加,消融治疗前计算DBIL/TBIL比值有助于预测复发风险。

完全植入式静脉输液港外露伤口的手术治疗

目的:探讨完全植入式静脉输液港外露伤口的手术治疗效果。方法:2021年12月-2022年10月,笔者对医院肿瘤术后放置完全植入式静脉输液港外露伤口的患者进行回顾性分析,根据创面的大小、暴露的时间、感染的严重程度,选择清创后直接缝合、囊袋重置或输液港取出的方法进行处理,探讨手术治疗效果。结果:完全植入式静脉输液港外露患者共13例,其中清创后直接缝合6例,囊袋重置5例,输液港取出2例。输液港外露到伤口愈合的时间为7~10 d,平均时间为8.5 d,所有伤口均一期愈合,无并发症发生,瘢痕隐蔽。术后随访6个月,患者总满意率为92.31%。结论:完全植入式静脉港外露伤口手术治疗疗效较好,值得临床推广。

中医药治疗全膝关节置换术后肿痛的研究进展

随着全膝关节置换手术技术的发展,关节置换已成为终末期膝骨性关节炎的主要治疗手段。术后患肢肿胀疼痛仍是目前临床常见的并发症之一,常规的治疗方法无法有效缓解术后关节肿胀疼痛,并伴有不同程度的不良反应。中医药对全膝关节置换术后肿痛的治疗方法众多,同时具有其独特的特色及优势。已有研究发现中医药治疗全膝关节置换术患肢肿胀疼痛有着确切的临床疗效、安全性高、副作用少,并且治疗费用较低。通过查阅相关文献资料,对这些治疗方法加以综述,以期为全膝关节置换术后康复方案提供新的治疗思路及方法。

完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术的临床疗效分析

目的 分析完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃吻合的临床疗效,为治疗早期近端胃癌提供新的手术方法。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月-2021年6月于解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部行近端胃切除术的80例早期胃癌患者的临床资料。根据手术方式不同分为完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)与腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)。比较两组围手术期情况、远期并发症发生情况及生存状况。结果 完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组腹部切口长度[(59.9±4.7) mm vs.(119.7±8.3) mm,P<0.001]、首次排气时间[(58.2±15.3) h vs.(66.8±16.4) h,P=0.019]及术后住院时间[(7.6±1.1) d vs.(9.2±1.3) d,P<0.001]均短于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,手术时间[(186.9±16.4) min vs.(154.0±17.2) min,P<0.001]长于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组。两组术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目和首次进流食时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且均未发生需外科干预的早期并发症。随访期间两组无患者死亡,未出现复发或转移。完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组反流性食管炎发生率低于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,差异有统计学意义[16.7%(6/36) vs.38.6%(17/44),P=0.031]。两组胃动力不足、残胃炎、吻合口狭窄、吻合口溃疡发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃吻合具有安全性好、术后恢复快、抗反流等特点,值得临床应用推广。

Nd:YAG泪道激光联合泪道引流管置入对泪道阻塞患者疗效及并发症的影响

目的:探讨Nd:YAG泪道激光联合泪道引流管置入对泪道阻塞患者疗效及并发症的影响。方法:选取2018年2月—2023年2月海安市中医院收治的102例泪道阻塞患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各51例。对照组采用传统泪道重建手术治疗,观察组采用Nd:YAG泪道激光联合泪道引流管置入治疗,比较两组治疗总有效率、并发症发生率及眼表状态。结果:术后1个月,观察组治疗总效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术前及术后2个月的泪液分泌量、泪膜破裂时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:对泪道阻塞患者行Nd:YAG泪道激光联合泪道引流管置入治疗,能够显著提高患者的治疗有效率,降低并发症的发生率,并且不影响眼表状态。

复合碳源应用于光电废水总氮提标

在污水处理过程中,碳源短缺是一个普遍存在的问题,而人为地添加高效率碳源对提高污水处理效率有着至关重要的作用。文章在实验室水平对一种新型复合碳源的污水处理能力进行了探究并对其主要成分进行了检测分析。研究结果显示,该碳源相比于乙酸钠等传统碳源具有更高的污染物去除能力,按照一定的投加比例,该复合碳源的总氮去除能力达到乙酸钠的近两倍。对于初始总氮质量浓度为95 mg/L和硝氮质量浓度为80 mg/L左右的污水,该碳源的最优有效COD_(Cr)质量浓度为800 mg/L,最优处理时间为24 h,总氮和硝氮去除率分别达到94.2%和93.2%,且在一周的污泥驯化中具有稳定在92%左右的总氮处理效果,展示出该新型复合碳源具有良好的应用前景。

不同茶树品种γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)富集差异分析

以一芽二叶茶鲜叶为试材,采取厌氧/好氧间歇交替富集技术富集茶鲜叶,对富集前后谷氨酸(Glu)含量、谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)活性、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量、游离氨基酸(FAA)总量和茶叶色泽、香气差异进行分析,以期为GABA高富集潜力茶树品种的筛选提供参考依据。结果表明:8 h厌氧/好氧间歇交替富集处理显著提高了茶鲜叶GABA含量和FAA总量;不同茶树品种GABA富集潜力、富集前后FAA总量及富集前鲜叶GAD活性和Glu含量均以‘白叶1号’显著最高,其次是‘福鼎大白茶’;茶鲜叶FAA总量、Glu含量和GAD活性可作为筛选GABA高富集潜力茶树品种的参考指标。

污水处理厂人工湿地不同时间总磷去除效率分析

人工湿地具有较好的总磷去除效果,但总磷去除效率受季节性变化影响。通过对人工湿地为期一整年的总磷去除效率研究,结果表面:全年人工湿地平均总磷去除量和去除率分别为0.030 mg/L和22.70%,9月和10月总磷平均去除量最高,10月总磷平均去除率最高;1月总磷平均去除量和去除率均为最低;秋季总磷平均去除率最高,冬季最低。该研究结果对污水处理厂设计、建设及运营具有指导意义。

印染集聚提升园区废水集中处理设施设计与运行

浙江某印染集聚提升园区废水集中处理设施建设规模30000 m^(3)/d,针对园区废水特点,采用主体工艺为“调节池+冷却系统+反应初沉池+厌氧水解池+A/O生化池+二沉池+高效沉淀池”的组合工艺对其进行处理。运行结果表明,该工艺稳定高效,当进水平均COD、BOD5、总锑分别为1370、360、1.17 mg/L时,处理后出水平均COD、BOD5、总锑分别降至88、7.4、0.049 mg/L,对应去除率分别达到94%、98%、96%,出水符合《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 4287—2012)表2间接排放要求。工程采用了混凝药剂强化的初沉工艺,实现了有效的废水碳捕集,间接对外输出能源,有利于减少碳排放,其主要处理单元采用集约化组合及深池型设计,节省占地,可为占地受限型废水处理厂的建设提供参考。

全膝关节置换中的缺血再灌注损伤

背景:以往针对缺血再灌注损伤的相关机制、表现、防治已有报道。但对全膝关节置换引起的下肢骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤研究较少,此文重点对全膝关节置换引起下肢缺血再灌注损伤的发病机制、临床影响及防治方法进行综述。目的:通过对全膝关节置换引起下肢缺血再灌注损伤的相关文献进行归纳总结,分析其机制、意义,为进一步研究骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤给出提示。方法:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库、CNKI、万方数据库及维普数据库2000-01-01/2022-04-30发表的相关文章,英文检索词为“ischemia-reperfusion injury,total knee arthroplasty,tourniquet,mechanism,pathophysiology,skeletal muscle,treatment”;中文检索词为“缺血再灌注损伤,全膝人工关节置换术,止血带,机制,病理生理,骨骼肌,治疗”。排除重复性研究及部分相关性较低的基础类文章。最终纳入68篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)缺血再灌注损伤的发病机制与氧自由基、细胞内钙超载、中性粒细胞活化相关,还和高浓度一氧化氮、无复流现象以及细胞凋亡等机制相关,更详尽的机制研究能为将来的防治提供依据;(2)下肢缺血再灌注损伤会造成局部骨骼肌损伤,这可能由手术本身的创伤引起,也可能是缺血再灌注损伤的作用,还需要更有针对性的研究区别二者关系;(3)下肢缺血再灌注损伤甚至会影响远端器官,造成肾脏、肺脏损伤,还会影响局部及全身循环;(4)明确缺血再灌注损伤的影响能为将来的防治指明方向,目前的防治措施主要包括缺血预处理,麻醉药物、抗氧化剂等药物预防;(5)针对全膝关节置换手术引起的下肢骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤的详细综述,能为将来的诊疗决策提供依据。