Compressive near-field millimeter wave imaging algorithm based on Gini index and total variation mixed regularization

A compressive near-field millimeter wave(MMW)imaging algorithm is proposed.From the compressed sensing(CS)theory,the compressive near-field MMW imaging process can be considered to reconstruct an image from the under-sampled sparse data.The Gini index(GI)has been founded that it is the only sparsity measure that has all sparsity attributes that are called Robin Hood,Scaling,Rising Tide,Cloning,Bill Gates,and Babies.By combining the total variation(TV)operator,the GI-TV mixed regularization introduced compressive near-field MMW imaging model is proposed.In addition,the corresponding algorithm based on a primal-dual framework is also proposed.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed GI-TV mixed regularization algorithm has superior convergence and stability performance compared with the widely used l1-TV mixed regularization algorithm.

Novel image restoration model coupling gradient fidelity term based on adaptive total variation

A novel image restoration model coupling with a gradient fidelity term based on adaptive total variation is proposed in this paper. In order to choose proper parameters, the selection criteria were analyzed theoretically, and a simple scheme to demonstrate its validity was adopted experimentally. To make fair comparisons of performances of three models, the same numerical algorithm was used to solve partial differential equations. Both the international standard test image on Lena and HR image of CBERS-02B of Dalian city were used to verify the performance of the model. Experimental results illustrate that the new model not only preserved the edge and important details but also alleviated the staircase effect effectively.

Multiquadric Radial Basis Function Approximation Scheme for Solution of Total Variation Based Multiplicative Noise Removal Model

This article introduces a fastmeshless algorithm for the numerical solution nonlinear partial differential equations(PDE)by Radial Basis Functions(RBFs)approximation connected with the Total Variation(TV)-basedminimization functional and to show its application to image denoising containing multiplicative noise.These capabilities used within the proposed algorithm have not only the quality of image denoising,edge preservation but also the property of minimization of staircase effect which results in blocky effects in the images.It is worth mentioning that the recommended method can be easily employed for nonlinear problems due to the lack of dependence on a mesh or integration procedure.The numerical investigations and corresponding examples prove the effectiveness of the recommended algorithm regarding the robustness and visual improvement as well as peak-signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR),signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and structural similarity index(SSIM)corresponded to the current conventional TV-based schemes.

Image decomposition and staircase effect reduction based on total generalized variation

Total variation （TV） is widely applied in image process-ing. The assumption of TV is that an image consists of piecewise constants, however, it suffers from the so-cal ed staircase effect. In order to reduce the staircase effect and preserve the edges when textures of image are extracted, a new image decomposition model is proposed in this paper. The proposed model is based on the to-tal generalized variation method which involves and balances the higher order of the structure. We also derive a numerical algorithm based on a primal-dual formulation that can be effectively imple-mented. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method can achieve a better trade-off between noise removal and texture extraction, while avoiding the staircase effect efficiently.

Total Variation Constrained Non-Negative Matrix Factorization for Medical Image Registration

This paper presents a novel medical image registration algorithm named total variation constrained graphregularization for non-negative matrix factorization(TV-GNMF).The method utilizes non-negative matrix factorization by total variation constraint and graph regularization.The main contributions of our work are the following.First,total variation is incorporated into NMF to control the diffusion speed.The purpose is to denoise in smooth regions and preserve features or details of the data in edge regions by using a diffusion coefficient based on gradient information.Second,we add graph regularization into NMF to reveal intrinsic geometry and structure information of features to enhance the discrimination power.Third,the multiplicative update rules and proof of convergence of the TV-GNMF algorithm are given.Experiments conducted on datasets show that the proposed TV-GNMF method outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms.

Dark channel prior based blurred image restoration method using total variation and morphology

The blurred image restoration method can dramatically highlight the image details and enhance the global contrast, which is of benefit to improvement of the visual effect during practical ap- plications. This paper is based on the dark channel prior principle and aims at the prior information absent blurred image degradation situation. A lot of improvements have been made to estimate the transmission map of blurred images. Since the dark channel prior principle can effectively restore the blurred image at the cost of a large amount of computation, the total variation （TV） and image morphology transform （specifically top-hat transform and bottom- hat transform） have been introduced into the improved method. Compared with original transmission map estimation methods, the proposed method features both simplicity and accuracy. The es- timated transmission map together with the element can restore the image. Simulation results show that this method could inhibit the ill-posed problem during image restoration, meanwhile it can greatly improve the image quality and definition.

结合自适应TV模型和分水岭变换的图像分割算法

针对传统分水岭算法对噪声敏感,易出现过分割的现象,提出一种自适应全变分模型和标记分水岭算法相结合的图像分割算法。采用自适应全变分模型对原始图像进行滤波处理,平滑去噪的同时保留图像的边缘信息;求解其多尺度形态学梯度图像,并用基于最大熵的扩展极小值技术获得的前景和背景标记并对其多尺度梯度图像修改;对修改后的梯度图像进行分水岭变换,实现准确的分割。对比常用和相似的图像分割算法,实验结果表明,该算法在抗噪性、运行时间和分割交并比上有一定的优势。尤其是在噪声强、灰度值接近的医学图像上能够获得合理有意义的分割区域,效果良好。

基于Retinex模型和GTV的铁路货车铸件DR图像增强

铁路运输已成为我国最重要的运输方式之一,铁路货车部件(摇枕、侧架等)的铸造缺陷(气孔、裂纹等)可能造成交通事故。由于铁路铸件自身的不均匀性会导致原始DR图像灰度不均,不易捕捉缺陷细节,因此需要对原始DR图像进行图像增强等操作检测缺陷。基于Retinex模型,同时考虑目标的光照强度和材质信息,将图像分解为光照图和反射图。基于高斯全变分(GTV)的保护图像边缘滤波器可以平滑光照图像,并且可以移除光照图的纹理细节,因此缺陷等细节就暴露在反射图中。对于铁路货车铸件的缺陷识别问题,结合Retinex和GTV方法,提出一种改进的Retinex增强模型,利用GTV和基于纹理感知的加权项对Retinex分解过程中的光照图和反射图进行正则化。此外,用交替优化算法求解该模型。最后,将能够反映图像缺陷细节的反射图作为最终增强图像。此方法得到的图像不仅保留了图像的结构信息,还明显暴露了图像的缺陷细节。实验结果表明,与其他已有的模型相比,该模型增强缺陷效果显著,此外,该模型提高了DR图像的信息熵、平均梯度等量化指标。与原图相比,增强后图像的信息熵提高了8%以上,平均梯度至少提高为原来的6倍。此方法提高了DR图像检测缺陷的能力,可以应用于铁路货车铸件等无损检测领域。

稀疏角度CT图像重建的Huber-TV正则化方法

对于稀疏角度下的投影数据,计算机断层扫描重建图像容易出现分辨率低、伪影较多的问题,难以满足工业及医学诊断要求。文中从迭代重建的角度出发,提出一个结合全变分(TV)和Huber函数(Huber-TV)的CT重建方法。该方法利用Huber函数替代传统全变分模型中的L1范数,在合理控制函数阈值的条件下,充分利用Huber函数的线性部分对大于阈值的梯度图像进行较轻的惩罚,以保持图像边缘连续性;再结合二次项对小于阈值的梯度图像进行较大的惩罚,以抑制图像中不连续梯度跳跃。新模型目标函数的光滑性可以使得梯度下降法快速收敛到最优值,避开传统全变分模型中的次梯度计算,从而降低计算复杂度并加快迭代速度。实验结果表明,在稀疏角度重建条件下,与传统TV模型相比,Huber-TV模型的均方根误差降低19%,信噪比提升22.33 dB,说明所提方法高效可行。

基于全变分加权差正则的高光谱图像去噪算法

针对现有全变分模型在高光谱图像中出现的伪影、边缘结构消失等问题,文章提出一种增强型三维全变分加权差正则模型。首先,该模型并非直接将稀疏性强加于梯度映射本身,而是对梯度映射的基矩阵添加稀疏性约束。此外,与一般稀疏约束方法不同的是,为避免由l_(1)范数自身局限性带来的去噪不良影响,利用l_(1)范数与l_(2)范数的全变分加权差(简记为l_(1-2))分别对高光谱图像的空间域与光谱域施加稀疏约束。实验结果表明,该文提出的算法有效避免了伪影的产生以及图像细节丢失的问题,具有更优的去噪效果。

基于TV模型的改进算法在图像修复中的应用

基于TV(total variation)模型的修复算法有较好的恢复效果,但对参数的选取比较敏感,且运算量大。文章提出了基于TV模型的改进的自适应算法,可根据破损区域外部参考像素对待修补点的相关度,通过设置不同的参数和权值,将不同形状的待修复区域所用的不同算法统一表示,使其应用范围更广、速度更快;此外,在迭代过程中,设置不同的参数以解决参数选取的敏感问题,从而达到更好的修复效果。实验表明,该算法能高效、稳定地处理破损区域的图像信息。

综合自适应阈值与多尺度的TV图像修复方法

基于TV模型的图像修复算法具有较好的修复效果,但其对参数的选取较敏感,且运算量较大。该文提出了一种综合自适应阈值与多尺度的TV图像修复算法,该方法不仅可以提高TV图像修复模型的修复稳定性,还可以进一步压缩运算量,提高修复速度。

改进TV复原模型的彩色-灰度图像变换方法

针对彩色图像到灰度图像的变换这一问题,提出了一种新的基于TV(全变分)复原模型的新方法。利用Sapiro等所提出的矢量图像的水平集概念,结合全变分复原,建立新的变换模型,实现算法。实验表明,所提方法实现的彩色一灰度图像变换,不仅很好地解决了原来传统变换不能保持形状的问题,并且能解决Sapiro等所提出方法的边缘模糊化缺点,使变换后图像的边缘锐利程度得到了较大的提高。

基于Shearlet变换和TV模型的医学图像融合

为了综合多模态医学图像的互补信息,为临床诊断和辅助治疗提供更为充分有效的依据,提出了一种基于Shearlet变换和全变差(Total variation,TV)模型的含噪医学图像融合方法。首先对源图像(CT/MRI图像或CT/PET图像)进行Shearlet变换,产生一个低频子带和若干高频子带。然后对低频子带采用基于区域方差的融合策略,以完整地保留源图像的解剖信息或功能信息;对于高频子带,则利用TV模型进行去噪预处理,避免噪声对融合结果的干扰,再采用改进拉普拉斯能量和(Sum-modified-Laplacian,SML)的融合策略,最大程度地融合边缘、细节信息。大量实验结果表明,与近年来提出的3种融合方法相比,本文提出的方法对无噪声和有噪声的医学图像都能取得更好的融合效果,融合图像完整地保留了源图像的信息,目标的边缘、细节清晰,计算效率也有所提高。

基于自适应中值滤波器和TV修复的椒盐噪声去除(英文)

提出一种两步式椒盐噪声去除方法.第一步利用自适应中值滤波器来识别出被噪声污染的候选点;第二步利用一种边缘保持技术(全变差图像修复)来恢复出被噪声污染的点.由于椒盐噪声点的灰度值和原始像素灰度独立,所以在采用恢复技术时不使用噪声点自身的灰度信息.在噪声率不很高的情况下,这种方法可以获得比现有最好方法更高的信噪比;当噪声率高达70%以上时,该方法的信噪比与现有方法非常接近,但是主观视觉效果(例如边缘保持能力)更佳.

自适应Snake-TV模型在彩色图像修复中的应用

文章在整体变分模型(TV)的基础上引入蛇(Snake)模型,同时考虑待修复区域的形状,提出了自适应Snake-TV模型,并将其应用到灰度图像和彩色图像的修复,该模型能很好地保持图像的视觉连通性。试验结果表明:该算法在迭代次数相同的条件下修复彩色图像的效果比TV模型好得多;与Snake-CDD模型相比,修复效果更好,同时所用时间也大大减少。

基于TV与SSIM的图像质量评价方法

提出一种基于全变分(TV)模型与结构相似度(SSIM)的图像质量评价方法。对待评价图像进行主动定量加噪,得到降质图像,利用自适应的TV去噪模型得到消噪图像,采用SSIM方法对待评价图像与消噪图像进行全参考评价,得到待评价图像的无参考评价指标。采用标准测试图像和LIVE库的降质图像进行实验,结果表明,该方法可在无参考图像的条件下对图像质量进行评估,评价结果与主观评价结果具有较高的一致性。

一种改进的全变分(TV)修补模型

目的提出一种全变分(TV)修补模型的改进方案,而且具有良好的边缘特性,并弥补原有的TV修补模型的不能满足连通性原则的缺陷。方法定义在图像修补区定义一种"加权全变分,即沿修补区边界法线方向的梯度分量对全变分的贡献,远大于沿切线方向的梯度分量的贡献。结果通过对相同的受损图像,采用原有模型和改进模型作比对实验表明,文中的改进模型可以完全满足图像修补的连通性原则。结论改进的TV模型较原始TV模型更适合于非纹理图像修复。

基于分数阶全变分和扩散模型的图像去模糊方法

图像去模糊是数字图像处理领域的重要研究方向之一.在许多实际应用中,由于成像设备和物体之间发生相对运动,产生的模糊会降低图像质量和视觉效果.本文提出了一种结合分数阶全变分(FTV)损失函数和去噪扩散概率模型(DDPM)的图像去模糊方法 .首先通过基于概率建模的DDPM实现对图像结构信息的增强,然后利用FTV损失函数作为正则项,进一步恢复图像细节.与传统的图像去模糊方法相比,本文方法能够在保持图像整体清晰度的同时,还原更多的图像细节信息.实验结果验证了该方法在恢复受运动模糊影响的图像上具有显著优越性,为图像去模糊领域的进一步发展提供了新方向.